Water recycling and reuseA water scarcity best practice solution

Bruce Durham, France & UKAndreas Angelakis, GreeceThomas Wintgens, Germany

Chris Thoeye, BelgiumLluis Sala, Spain

EUREAU water recycling & reuse group

EUROPEAN UNION OF NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS OF WATER SUPPLIERS AND WASTE WATER SERVICES

127 Rue Colonel Bourg, B-1140 Brussels Phone + 32-2-706.40.80 Fax + 32-2-706.40.81

www.eureau.org

Cyprus 12-13 May 2005

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Contents

What is water recycling and reuse?

Applications

Status & needs in Europe

Benefits

Recommendations

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We all understand the water cycle?

4

But where are the people?

5

The Urban Water Cycle – Man’s Impact on Groundwater

Separation of potable and wastewater to protect public health

6

Water reuse applications

7

The water cycle with water reuse

Ref JS Thomas

8

Applications

Water Resource

Municipal

Treatment

Wastewater

IndustrialIrrigationGolf AgricultureIrrigation

(Honouliuli)

Industrial reuse (Durban)

Reuse for aquifer recharge (Berlin & Adelaide)

Confining Layer

Aquifer

Treatment Plant

City

Tertiarytreatment

Stabilisation Lagoons

Post-treatment(DAF/F)

AquiferStorage &Recovery(ASR)

Waste water

Winter

Summer

Irrigation

Sum

mer

Municipal reuse (Windhoek)

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Spree

Hav

elStolpe

Friedrichshagen

Tegel

Spandau

Beelitzhof

Mixed sewer

DWTP

WWTP disposal

(Drinking) water catchment

Kaulsdorf

Wuhlheide

Tiefwerder

Kladow

Dah

me

Schöne

rlinde

Mün

cheh

ofe

Waß

man

nsdo

rf

Sta

hnsd

orf

Mar

ienf

elde

Ruh

lebe

n

Ruhleben

*1

*2

Teltowkanal

Local water cycle in Berlin 70 % internal recycling

Bathing water

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Number of reuse installations (3300) www.aquarec.org

200 EU projects : 700 Mm3/yr

(470 m total population)

800 US projects : 2372 Mm3/yr

(300 M total population)

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497

496

287

144

112

67 57 39 35 30 31 25 5 13 16 12 8 5 7 8 7 5 5 3 4 4 2 20

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900Sp

ain

Italy

Bulg

aria

Turk

eyG

erm

any

Fran

cePo

rtuga

lG

reec

ePo

land

Belg

ium

Rom

ania UK

Cypr

usCr

ete

Mal

taNe

ther

land

sHu

ngar

yDe

nmar

kLi

thua

nia

Czec

h Re

publ

icAu

stria

Swed

enSw

itzer

land

Norw

ayEs

toni

aFi

nlan

dSl

oven

iaSl

ovak

Rep

ublic

Irela

ndL

Reu

sed

was

tew

ater

[Mm

³/a]

Status year 2000

Scenario II - water availability invariant12

612000

2025

www.aquarec.org

Growth forecast in water reuse

2003 European drought is valued at US$ 13 billion

A higher value than the floods

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If we agree that cooling water is returned immediately to the surface water

Abstraction for public water supplies is 30 to 70% not 18%

Potable substitution can benefit the majority of water abstracted

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Benefits

Increased water resource availabilityPotable substitution Control over abstraction of surface & ground waters

Reduced nutrients to the environmentValuable drought proof resourceIncreases land value

IrrigationBrownfield & urban developments

Reduces production costsSupports tourismIntegrates with all parts of the water cycleCohesion tool for all water stakeholders as water reuse bridges traditional water divisions

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Chinese Integrated Water Cycle Management (IWCM)(Dr Wu Jisong, Executive Director, Chinese Ministry of Water Resource presentation at IWA Marrakech 2004 )

Changed water strategy and planning to IWCMWater reuse is a core part of IWCMCreating opportunity by reducing the problems of overlapping institutions and regulation.Implemented demonstration projects to prove benefits and build local experience.Advocating that all types of wastewater treatments shall take reuse into consideration. 82 reuse projects are included in the 10th five year construction plan.IWCM is a key strategy to solve water stress for 1.3 billion Chinese by 2020 (aprox’ 3 x EU)

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Recommendations to reduce water scarcity

Water reuse benefits and risks need to be understoodTreated wastewater needs to be valuedClarify the meaning of “treated wastewater shall be reused whenever appropriate” in article 12 UWWDDraft European guidelines and best practice.Create interest through financial incentivesUse the cohesion opportunity of water reuse to reduce water stress and build the European water community and export opportunity

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200 water reuse projects without guidelines or best practice

Torreele

BerlinLondon

Barcelona

Costa Brava

Chalkis

Reuse for industry

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Thank you

Copyright Générale des Eaux - X. Husson