i

A STUDY ON CONGRATULATING UTTERANCES FOR THE

ROYAL BABY OF PRINCE WILLIAM AND CHATERINE

MIDDLETON

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in English Department

by:

AJENG WULANDARI

A 320100255

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

2014

ii

APPROVAL

A STUDY ON CONGRATULATING UTTERANCES FOR THE

ROYAL BABY OF PRINCE WILLIAM AND CHATERINE

MIDDLETON

by:

AJENG WULANDARI

A 320100255

Approved to be examined by Consultant

First Consultant Second Consultant

(Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D.) (Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariatmi, M. Hum.)

NIK. 978 NIK. 225

iii

ACCEPTANCE

A STUDY ON CONGRATULATNG UTTERANCES FOR THE ROYAL

BABY OF PRINCE WILLIAM AND CHATERINE MIDDLETON

by

AJENG WULANDARI

A 320100255

Accepted the Board Examiner School of Teacher Training and Education

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

on May... 2014

Team of Examiner:

1. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D. ( )

(Chair Person)

2. Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariatmi, M. Hum. ( )

(Secretary)

3. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum ( )

(Member)

Surakarta, April 2014

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

School of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum

NIP. 19650428 199303100

iv

TESTIMONY

I state that in this research there is no plagiarism of the previous literary

studies which have been made to obtain bachelor degree of a university. There is

no ideas or opinions that have been published by others except referred in

underlying theory and bibliography. Hence, if it is proven that there is a mistake

statement in this testimony, I will fully responsible.

Surakarta, April 2014

The Writer,

AJENG WULANDARI

A 320100255

v

MOTTO

(6) Verily, with the hardship, there is relief (i.e. there is one hardship with two

reliefs, so one hardship cannot overcome two reliefs). (7) So when you have

finished (from your occupation), then stand up for Allah worship (i.e. stand up for

prayer). (8) And to your Lord (Alone) turn (all your intentions and hopes and)

your invocation.

(QS. Al-Insyirãh, 6-8)

To reach the top of the mountain is always started with little step by step.

-the writer-

vi

DEDICATION

This research paper is fully dedicated to:

ALLAH SWT

Her Identity, DEE

Her Lectures

Her beloved Father and Mother

Her sister and brother

Her grandmother and

grandfather

Her family

All of her friends

The writer, herself

vii

ACKNOWLEDGE

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb

Alhamdulillahi Robbil’alamin, praise and gratitude only to Allah SWT, the

Lord of the world, and the creator of this wonderful world has given the mercy

and blessing for me to finish the research paper entitled “A Study on

Congratulating Utterances for The Royal Baby of Prince William and Chaterine

Middleton” completely. Praise also is given to the prophet Muhammad S.A.W

who has brought us from the darkness to the lightness.

This research deals with strategy of congratulating utterances, type of

address form and its social function found in congratulating utterances for the

Royal Baby Prince William and Chaterine Middleton.

There many contributions in writing this research paper. The writer wants

to express her deepest gratitude for their suggestions, supports, advices, criticisms,

even some jokes.

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the dean of School

Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of

Surakarta.

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., as the head of English Education

Department.

3. Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D., as the writer‟s first consultant and first

examiner who always gave motivations and suggestions during

conducting this research.

viii

4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariyatmi, M. Hum., as the second consultant and

second examiner who has given her valuable corrections and advises.

5. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M. Hum., as the third examiner, for the

correction of this research paper so that is result is better.

6. All lecturers in English Education Department who cannot be

mentioned one by one who always share their knowledge to the writer.

7. Her super parents, Tukiman and Siti Murtinah who always give

unlimited love, support, motivation, lesson, pray, and help for her. Her

huge thanks and loves for them.

8. Her elder sister Uji Kawuryan, S. Kep. Ners., who always motivate

and give support all of the writer‟s dreams. And her younger brother

Yoga Andoyo Aji. Heartfelt thanks for them.

9. Her brother in law, Eko Novianto S. Pd and his son, Muhammad

Asfa Rafisky. Thanks for their indirect support and motivation.

10. Her beloved family, mbah somo, mbah di, bude ti, om yo, bulek mi

and others who cannot be mentioned one by one. Thanks for a lot of

loves during her lecture in solo.

11. Her rock friends, ami, nonga, and ita who always bring the writer in

happiness and also members of colay, gunga, dody, danang and rizal

who give happiness and motivation to the writer.

12. Her dearest uyung fika and endut anjar who always remind the

writer to be focus and give unlimited loves to her.

ix

13. Her elder brothers and sisters in Solo, Mas Kautsar, Mas Amir, Mas

Novel, Mas Athur, Mas Aidy, Mbak Widya, Mbak Umu, and

Mbak Datik who teach her how to be great women and motivate her.

14. Her younger brother and sister in solo, edek ruli and edek firda who

place her like in home and motivate her.

15. MUEC and its members; suci bawel, chandra, ardita, arifah, azmi,

mas nur, dewi, dian ningrum, vita, linda, mas han, wury, iqbal

junior, dieta, wulan, silvi and others who cannot be mentioned one by

one. Thanks for their support for her.

16. All of friends in English dept „10, nunung, nurul, aya, fitri, iin, vera

acep, heri and others who cannot be mentioned one by one toward

their support to the writer.

17. Her beloved friends in Wisma Matoa mbak ulfa, mbak meta, mbak

shanti, rafa, niken, dian, ririn, ana, ari, hani, putri, aisyah, ina, lilis

and dek ane who always give her supports, jokes and advices.

Finally, the writer realizes this research is far away from perfect; there

must be weakness, she opens her minds and will accept any kind of suggestions

and criticism. She also hopes this research will give beneficial to everyone

especially those who wants to conduct a literary research.

Wassalamu’alaikum, Wr. Wb.

Surakarta, April 2014

Ajeng Wulandari

x

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL ......................................................................................... ii

ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................... iii

TESTMONY ......................................................................................... iv

MOTTO ................................................................................................ v

DEDICATION ...................................................................................... vi

ACKNOLEDGMENT ......................................................................... vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ....................................................................... x

TABLE OF FIGURES ......................................................................... xiv

TABLE OF CHART ............................................................................ xv

TABLE OF TABLES ........................................................................... xvi

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... xviii

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study ........................................ 1

B. Limitation of the Study ........................................... 6

C. Problem Statement .................................................. 6

D. Objective of the Study ............................................. 6

E. Benefit of the Study ................................................. 7

F. Research Paper Organization ................................. 8

CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ........................................ 9

A. Previous Study ......................................................... 9

B. Underlying Theory .................................................. 14

xi

1. Pragmatic ............................................................. 14

a. Sociopragmatics .............................................. 15

b. Pragmalinguistics ............................................ 16

2. Pragmatic Principles ........................................... 16

a. Dixies ................................................................ 17

b. Presuption ........................................................ 17

c. Speech Act ........................................................ 17

1) Locution ....................................................... 18

2) Illocution ..................................................... 18

3) Perlocution .................................................. 19

d. Implicature ...................................................... 19

3. Classification of Speech Act ................................ 19

a. Representative Utterances .............................. 19

b. Directive Utterances ........................................ 20

c. Commisives Utterances ................................... 21

d. Expressive Utterances ..................................... 21

e. Declarative Utterances .................................... 21

1) Expressive Utterances ................................ 22

2) Congratulating Utterances ........................ 24

4. Definition of Strategy .......................................... 25

5. Sociolinguistics ..................................................... 25

a. Address Form .................................................. 26

b. Types of Address Form .................................. 27

xii

c. Purposing of Addressing ................................. 29

d. Social Factors and dimension ........................ 31

e. Formal Address of British Royalty and

Aristocracy ............................................................ 33

6. The Royal Baby Profile ....................................... 34

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ........................................... 37

A. Research Method ................................................ 37

B. Type of Research ................................................. 37

C. Object of Research .............................................. 37

D. Data and Data Source ......................................... 37

E. Technique of Data Collection ............................. 38

F. Technique of Data Analysis ................................ 38

CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS, RESEARCH FINDINGS, AND

DISCUSSION ............................................................ 39

A. Data Analysis ........................................................ 39

B. Research Findings ................................................ 80

C. Discussion .............................................................. 81

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion ........................................................... 96

B. Suggestion ............................................................ 97

BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................ 99

VIRTUAL REFERENCES ................................................................. 101

APPENDIX ...........................................................................................

xiii

Appendix 1: Data ...........................................................

Appendix 2: Identification Paper ..................................

xiv

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: The Social Distance Scale .................................................... 33

Figure 2: The Social Scale ................................................................... 33

Figure 3: The Formality Scale ............................................................ 33

Figure 4: The Referential and Affective Function Scale .................. 34

xv

LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1: General Patterns of Congratulating Strategies for The Royal Baby

Prince William and Chaterine Middleton ........................ 82

Table 4.2: Idiosyncratic Patterns of Congratulating Strategies for The Royal

Baby Prince William and Chaterine Middleton .............. 84

Table 4.3: Types of Address Form Used in Congratulating Utterances for

The Royal Baby Prince William and Chaterine Middleton

............................................................................................... 88

Table 4.4: Social Function of Address Form Used in Congratulating

Utterances for The Royal Baby Prince William and Chaterine

Middleton ............................................................................ 91

xvi

LIST OF CHART

Chart 4.1: Comparison between General Patterns and Idiosyncratic Patterns

............................................................................................... 87

xvii

LIST OF APPENDIX

Appendix 1: Data

Appendix 2: Identification Paper

xviii

Ajeng Wulandari. A 320100255. A STUDY ON CONGRATULATING

UTTERANCES FOR THE ROYAL BABY OF PRINCE WILLIAM AND

CHATERINE MIDDLETON. Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University

of Surakarta. 2014.

Abstract

This research aims at describing the strategy congratulating utterances, the

type of address form and its social function found in congratulating utterances for

the Royal Baby of Prince William and Chaterine Middleton. The type of this

research is descriptive qualitative research which the writer uses documentation

method as the method of collecting data. The data of this research are

congratulating utterances. The data sources are social media in internet such as

twitter, facebook and online newspaper. In analyzing data, the writer describes of

type of address form by referring to the theory of Chaka (1982) and the social

function of address from by referring to the theory of Holmes (1992).

The result of the research shows that firstly, strategies of congratulating

utterance are divided into two categories. They are general pattern (83 data/100,

83%) and idiosyncratic pattern (17 data/100, 17%). Secondly, types of address

form are Aristocratic title (24 data/100, 24%), occupational title + Aristocratic

title (1 data/100, 1%), title alone (3 data/100, 3%), Aristocratic title + title (3

data/100, 3%), first name (4 data/100, 4%), title + first name (1 data/100, 1%),

title first name (3 data/100, 3%), Aristocratic title + title first name (1 data/100,

1%), nickname (4 data/100, 4%), first name + nickname (8 data/100, 8%), title

nickname (2 data/100, 2%), title first name + title nickname (1 data/100, 1%),

pronoun (5 data/100, 5%), pronoun + Aristocratic (1 data/100, 1%) pronoun +

first name (2 data/100, 2%) and does not use address form (37 data/100, 37%).

Thirdly, the social functions of address form are to show formality (15 data/100,

15%), to show respect (9 data/100, 9%), to show solidarity (4 data/100, 4%), to

show intimacy (9 data/100, 9%), to show formality and respect (3 data/100, 3%),

to show respect and solidarity (2 data/100, 2%), to show solidarity and intimacy

(10 data/100, 10%) and does not have social function (37 data/100, 37%).

Key words: congratulating utterances, strategy of congratulating, address forms,

types, social functions