J.K. CEMENT LTD.

Registered OfficeKamla Tower, Kanpur - 208001, Uttar Pradesh, India

Telephone: 0091-512-2371478 / 81, Fax: 0091-512-2399854email: jkshr@jkcement.comWebsite: www.jkcement.com

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

SEEMA SINGH

(520927347)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELORS OF MANAGEMENT

In

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

M.M.SHAH COLLEGE

Lt. Lala Juggilal Singhania Lt. Lala Kamlapat Singhania The Founder

Lt. Sir Padampat Singhania The Architect Dr. Gaur Hari Singhania The Torchbearer

Mr. Yadupati Singhania The Propagator

J.K. Cement is an affiliate of the J.K. Organization, which was founded by Lala Kamlapat Singhania. The J.K. Organization is an association of industrial and commercial companies and has operations in a broad number of industries.

Our cement operations commenced commercial production in May 1975 at our first plant at Nimbahera in the state of Rajasthan. At Nimbahera, we started with a single kiln with a production capacity of 0.3 million tons. We added a second kiln in 1979 with production capacity of 0.42 million tons, and a third kiln in 1982 with a production capacity of 0.42 million tons. We added a precalciner with a capacity of 0.4 million tons in 1988, which increased our capacity at Nimbahera to 1.54 million tons. During the years 1998 through 2003, we continued to implement modifications to each of our kilns, which increased our aggregate capacity at Nimbahera to 2.8 million tons as of September 30, 2005.

We commissioned a second grey cement plant at our Mangrol plant in 2001, with a production capacity of 0.75 million tons. As of September 30, 2005, we had an aggregate production capacity of 3.55 million tons per annum of grey cement. Our white cement plant was completed in 1984 with a capacity of 50,000 tons. Our continuing modifications to the plant have increased its production capacity to 300,000 tons as of September 30, 2005.

Today, J. K. Cement Ltd. is one of the largest cement manufacturers in Northern India. We are also the second largest white cement manufacturer in India by production capacity. While the grey cement is primarily sold in the northern India market, the white cement enjoys demand in the export market including countries like South Africa, Nigeria, Singapore, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Tanzania, UAE and Nepal.

Our access to high quality limestone reserves that are suitable for production of white cement provides us with a competitive advantage. Based on geological surveys conducted by independent agencies on our mines between 1996 and 2001, our limestone reserves for both grey and white cement are expected to meet our existing and planned limestone requirements of 4.0 MnTPA of grey cement and 0.4 MnTPA of white cement, for approximately 40 years.

Backed by state-of-the-art technology and highly skilled manpower against the backdrop of India’s infrastructural growth in an overdrive, we are upbeat about the future. We are confident of contributing heavily in India’s journey of development. We see a world of concrete ideas on the horizon.

Board of Directors

Dr. Gaur Hari Singhania

Chairman

Dr. Singhania, our Chairman, holds a Master of Arts degree in Economics and a PhD degree in Economics from Agra University. He has corporate experience spanning 50 years. He has been associated with the Company as its Promoter Director and has led our Company since its inception in 1994. He is also the Chairman of JKSL, Juggilal Kamlapat Cotton Spg. & Wvg. Mills Company Limited and J.K. Traders Limited. He has held the position of Chairman of the Merchant Chambers of Uttar Pradesh and Employers Association of Northern India.

He has also been the president of Uttar Pradesh Stock Exchange Association Limited. He has been a director of Pradeshiya Industrial Investment Corporation of Uttar Pradesh, UttarPradesh State Industrial Development Corporation and the Uttar Pradesh State Sugar Corporation. Currently, he is also the chancellor of Dayanand

Shiksha Sansthan and the president of Kanpur Education Society.

Mr. Yadupati Singhania

Managing Director & CEO

Mr. Singhania, our Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, holds a Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.) degree from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He has experience spanning 25 years in the cement industry. He has been associated with the Company as its Promoter Director and has led our Company since its inception in 1994. He was appointed Managing Director of the Company with effect from April 1, 2004. He was instrumental in setting up the JKSL Cement Division.

He is the Director of the Employers Association of Northern India, President of Kanpur Productivity Council, and member of the Board of Governors of the National Council for Cement and Building Material and Jodhpur Chamber of Commerce. He is also a member of the managing committee of Cement Manufacturers Association. He has held the position of District Governor of Rotary International and President of Foreign Trade Development (India) Association.

Mr. J.P. Bajpai

Mr. Bajpai holds a Master of Commerce degree from Agra University and is a member of the Institute of Company Secretaries of India, New Delhi. He has corporate experience spanning 45 years. He has been associated with our Company since its inception in 1994. He is also the Senior President (Head Office) and Company Secretary of JKSL. Prior to joining the Company and JKSL, he was Statistical Investigator in the Directorate of Industries, Uttar Pradesh from October 1959 until June 1960. He serves as a director on the board of a number of other Indian companies.

He has also held the position of Honorary Treasurer of the Board of Control for Cricket in India. He is also a director of the Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association and Chairman of the Development Committee of the Table Tennis Federation of India. He is also the recipient of several awards, including Sewa Ratna Award, Best Social Worker Award, Kala Shri Award, Kanpur Ratna Award and Madhavrao Sindhia Cricket Academy Life Time Achievement Award.

Mr. K.N. Khandelwal

Mr. Khandelwal holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree from Agra University. He is a qualified Chartered Accountant from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, New Delhi. He has vast experience in the fields of commerce and industry spanning 36 years. He has been a director of our Company since February 9, 2004. He is also the President (Finance and Accounts) of JKSL. He started his professional career in JKSL in 1969, where he worked in different capacities. He serves as a director on the board of a number of other Indian companies. He is also a trustee and/or member of executive bodies of various educational and social institutions and organizations.

Mr. Raj Kumar Lohia

Mr. Lohia holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Kanpur University. He has vast experience in the fields of commerce and industry spanning 23 years. He has been a director of our Company since September 30, 2004. He is a leading industrialist of Kanpur and also serves as director on the board of a number of other Indian companies. He is the recipient of several awards, including the Excellence Award 2005 for contribution in the field of entrepreneurship.

Mr. Ashok Sharma

Mr. Sharma holds a Bachelor of Laws degree from Kanpur University. He is a qualified Chartered Accountant from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, New Delhi. He has vast experience in the fields of finance and audit spanning 25 years. He is a practicing Chartered Accountant and handles the audit assignments of private sector organisations, banks, insurance companies and financial institutions. He is a member of the Disciplinary Committee of the Uttar Pradesh Stock Exchange Association Limited. He is also a member of the Rehabilitation Committee for Uttar Pradesh Small Industries Corporation Limited, Corporate Committee of CIRC of ICAI, Indian Council of Arbitrators and Kanpur Income Tax Bar Association.

Mr. Achintya Karati

Mr. Karati holds a Bachelor of Laws degree from Calcutta University. He has vast experience in the financial and legal fields spanning 31 years. He has worked in diverse areas of commercial, legal and secretarial matters. He retired as Country Head, Government and Institutional Solutions Group, ICICI Bank Limited (erstwhile, ICICI Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Limited) in March 2004. During his association with ICICI Limited, he served in various capacities, including Deputy Zonal Manager (North) and Head of Major Client Group (North). Presently, he is a Senior Advisor to ICICI Securities Limited and is also associated with ICICI-Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited. He also heads the Government and Institutions group of National Commodity and Derivative Exchange, India

Mr. Jayant Narayan Godbole

Shri Jayant Narayan Godbole is a Chemical Engineer from IIT, Powai (Mumbai) and has participated and completed Financial Management and Corporate Long Range Planning Courses from Bajaj Institute University of Mumbai and IIM Bangalore respectively. He has above 38 years experience in various fields ranging from operation of small sick units in India to conceiving, implementing and operating mega projects abroad.He retired as Chairman of IDBI in 2005. During his stints with IDBI & also with IIBI he was directly over looking functions including Zonal Head, Corporate Finance, restructuring & rehabilitation of sick units, Venture capital, merchant banking and investors relation.He stabilized the Corporate Debt Restructuring (CDR) mechanism in India as Chairman of Empowered Group. In that capacity he was instrumental in preventing corporates with banking exposure of around 15 billion dollars from becoming nonperforming assets.He has authored various articles/papers on Industrial Sickness and Pollution Control. He was also the Nominee Director of IDBI on the Boards of various reputed companies.During his deputation to State Government of Sabah Malaysia as Consultant Advisor he had been associated in conceiving one billion dollar gas based Complex and half a billion dollar timber and paper complex.

Mr. Suparas Bhandari

Shri Suparas Bhandari is Bachelor of Science and Law. He has been founder Chairman-cum-M.D. of Agriculture Insurance Company of India Ltd. and has extensive experience of over 40 years in the insurance industry. He has also served as General Manager, Oriental Insurance Company of India Ltd., Asstt. General Manager, United Insurance Company of India Ltd. etc. He visited World Bank to share knowledge of successful implementation of crop insurance products in India. He presented a keynote address on “Indian Crop Insurance Programme ” at International Seminar at Brazil in 2005. He led the team of Experts to participate in “Conference on Strategic Issues in Insurance” at Shanghai, China in 2002. He also attended the International Conference on Global Insurance Practices at London in 1998. He has been Founder Secretary of Marwar Akal Sahayta Samiti, President Jodhpur Jaycees and President of Mahaveer Samiti. He has been nominee Director of reputed Companies from time to time

Dr. K.B. Agarwal

Dr. K.B. Agarwal is M.Com, LL.B, Ph.D, AICWA and FCS. He has a vast experience in the fields of Finance, Accounts and Capital Market. He has been associated with several industry and trade associations and served Merchant Chamber of Commerce and U.P.Stock Exchange as their President. He had been actively associated with FICCI & ASSOCHAM and was actively involved with various Committees of Government.

Key Management Personnel

Mr. Yadupati Singhania

Managing Director & CEO

Mr. Yadupati Singhania, age 52 years, is the Promoter Director in our Company. He graduated with a B. Tech from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He has over 25 years of experience in the cement industry due to his close association with the cement units of J.K. Synthetics Limited. He is a director of the Employers Association of Nothern India and is a member of the boards of governors of National Council for Cement and Building Material and Jodhpur Chamber of Commerce.. He is the president of the Kanpur Productivity Council and is a member of the managing committee, Cement Manufacturers Association. He has been the district governor of Rotary International and the president of Foreign Trade Development (India) Association.He has also been a president of Merchant Chambers of Uttar Pradesh. He is the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of our Company.

Mr. R.G. Bagla

Group Executive President

Holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Agra University and a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical) Honours degree from Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute, University of Mumbai. He has over 44 years experience in the erection, commissioning and control of cement plants. Prior to joining the JKSL Cement Division on August 31, 1968, Mr. Bagla worked at Hindustan Aluminum Corporation as Assistant Engineer from 1963 until 1968. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Bagla is responsible for the overall superintendence of the cement plants. Mr. Bagla is also a life fellow of the Institute of Engineers and the All India Management Association.

Mr.A.K. Saraogi

President (Corporate Affairs) and Chief Financial Officer

Holds a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) degree in Economics from Sriram College of Commerce, Delhi University and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Kanpur University, Kanpur. He has over 25 years experience in the field of finance. Mr. Saraogi joined the JKSL Cement Division on May 27, 1978. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Saraogi is responsible for finance, accounts and corporate affairs.

Mr. M.P. Rawal

President (Technical and Management Services)

Holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical) degree from L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad. He has over 37 years experience in the field of planning, machine designs, drawings, plant commissioning and project execution in respect of cement and allied building materials. Prior to joining the JKSL Cement Division on March 11, 1978, Mr. Rawal worked with Digvijay Cements Limited as Mechanical Engineer (Planning and Development) from April 1967 until March 1978. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Rawal is responsible for customer focus planning and customer service related activities, designing of training programmes, conducting energy and fuel audits at cement plants, designing systems for plants and overseeing export of white cement and other building materials.

Mr.D. Ravi Shankar

President Works (Grey Cement)

Holds a Diploma in Mechanical Engineering from PACR Ramaswamy Polytechnic College in Tamil Nadu. He has over 37 years experience in the cement industry, including the manufacture of asbestos cement. Mr. Ravi Shankar worked with the JKSL Cement Division from March 1978 until 1984. He also worked with Southern Asbestos Cement Limited from November 1968 until March 1978 and with Shree Pipes Limited as Chief Engineer from 1984 until June 1985. He again joined the JKSL Cement Division on July 1, 1985. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Ravi Shankar is responsible for the overall operations of the grey cement plants.

Mr. B.K. Arora

President Works (White Cement)

Holds a Bachelor of Science Engineering (Mechanical) degree from Institute of Technology, Benaras Hindu University. He has over 34 years experience in the cement industry. Prior to joining the JKSL Cement Division on October 16, 1975, Mr. Arora worked with Jaypur Udyog Limited as Mechanical Engineer from April 1971 until October 1975. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Arora is responsible for the overall operations of the white cement plant.

Mr. Ashok K. Ghosh

President Human Resource and New Initiatives

Holds a Master of Arts degree in Economics from Kanpur University. He has over 26 years experience in the field of education, commerce and industry. Prior to joining the Company in December 2004, Mr. Ghosh worked with the Institute of Management Technology, Ghaziabad, as

its Director from March 2002 until October 2003. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Ghosh is responsible for human resources and new initiatives of the Company.

Mr. V.P. Singh

President Marketing (White Cement)

Mr. V.P. SinghPresident Marketing (White Cement)

Mr. R.C. Shukla

Senior Vice President Marketing (Grey Cement)

Holds a Master of Arts degree in Economics and a Bachelor of Laws degree from Kanpur University, Kanpur. He has over 28 years experience in the marketing of cement. Mr. Shukla started his career at the JKSL Cement Division in January 10, 1977. At J.K. Cement, Mr. Shukla is responsible for marketing grey cement.

Customer Satisfactionz

Always invest in Latest Technology

Huge Distribution Network Creation

Expansion through Balancing Equipment

Constant focus on Cost Control & Quality

Invest in Managers & Develop People Skills

Stability of Executive Management & Low Employee turnover

Social Welfare - A Priority

We enjoy a number of key competitive advantages, which have helped us maintain our position as one of the leading cement manufacturers in the Northern Indian cement market. Our principal strengths and competitive advantages are as follows:

Leading position in attractive Northern India grey cement market.

Based on CMA data, Northern Indian cement manufactures have consistently operated at the highest levels of capacity utilization among India’s five regions. We believe this reflects the strong demand in Northern India for cement products relative to supply. Further, based on capacity expansions announced by cement manufacturers, we expect cement plants in Northern India to continue to operate at high utilization levels and anticipate continued strong demand for our grey cement products in the near and medium-term.

We believe that we are well positioned to take advantage of this demand, as the fourth largest grey cement manufacturer in Northern India, and the largest grey cement manufacturer in the state of Rajasthan.

One of the Leading white cement producer in India

White cement accounted for 16.6% of our total cement revenue and 35.2% of adjusted EBITDA from our cement operations in fiscal 2005, and 15.5% of revenues and 26.7% of our adjusted EBITDA from our cement operations in the six months ended September 31, 2005. Unlike grey cement, the white cement industry in India is highly concentrated with the two largest players accounting for the substantial majority of India’s production capacity. Consequently, prices of white cement have been relatively less volatile and sales of white cement have generated more stable cash flows for us even during industry downturns in grey cement. We also believe our position as the second largest producer of white cement in India, together with our nationwide delivery network, significantly enhances the overall brand image of JK Cement.

Proximity and access to large reserves of high quality limestone

We have access to large reserves of limestone for both our grey and white cement operations, which we believe are sufficient to sustain our operations well into the future. Based on independent geological surveys of different mines during 1996 to 2001, we believe that our limestone reserves are sufficient to support our current and planned capacity for approximately 40 years for both grey and white cement. (Put in risk - assuming we are able to renew our existing leases upon their expiry) As one of the first cement producers in Northern India, we were able to choose our limestone reserves in an area with high quality limestone resources. In addition to allowing us to produce white cement, which requires high quality limestone, it also provides us with a cost advantage, as we are not required to purchase sweeteners to improve the quality of limestone. Further, our manufacturing plants are in close proximity to our limestone reserves, resulting in lower transportation costs. Finally, our mines that supply our white cement plant at Gotan also have a supply of white clay, an important additive necessary for white cement production.

Quality of products and strong brand name

We believe that brand name and reputation are important to retail purchasers of cement in India. We have built a strong reputation among cement purchasers by consistently providing high quality products. We believe that there is strong customer awareness of our brands, JK Cement (“Sarvashaktiman”), for grey cement in our principal market in Northern India, and JK White (“Camel”), for white cement across India. Further, we believe that our brand name and our reputation for consistently supplying high quality products provide us with a competitive advantage in ensuring that cement dealers carry our products.

Extensive marketing and distribution networkWe have a wide distribution network for grey cement in Northern India. We also have a strong all-India distribution network for white cement. Our distribution network for grey cement products consists of 44 feeder depots serviced by seven regional sales offices in Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Our white cement network comprises 20 feeder depots serviced by 13 regional sales offices in Delhi, Chandigarh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharasthra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. In addition, we have more than 4,000 retail stores that stock our grey and white cement products, as well as 22 sales promoters and four handling agents. We believe that the extent of this network, and our relationships with our dealers, enables us to market and distribute our cement widely and efficiently.

Experience and technical know-how

We have 30 years of experience in the Indian cement industry, which we believe provides us with the skills to maximize production efficiency, expand production capacity quickly and reduce costs. Over the years, we believe that we have developed long-term customer relationships and a strong reputation for quality. In addition, we have a proven track record of upgrading and modernizing our production capabilities efficiently, having increased our production capacity at Nimbahera by more than 80%, from 1.54 million tons in 1998 to 2.8 million tons as of September 30, 2005. Further, we have a stable and experienced middle and senior level management team, many of whom have been working in our cement operations for more than 20 years. Our Nimbahera manufacturing facility was chosen by the World Bank and the Danish International Development Agency as one of the four training centers in India to serve as the “Regional Training Center” for Northern India. There are only four regional training centers for the cement industry in India, and we believe our operation of the training center provides us with access to state of art training aids, live working models, and technical expertise developed by well known national and international cement producers.

Architect of the Year Award (AYA)

Architecture was more or less identified with housing & more so with elite housing. However, many countries have used architecture effectively for public structures also, such as highways, metro rails, factories, harbours & any other public facilities. These projects/structures shall consume lot of building materials. If these structures have to look pleasing, relevant architecture has to be applied in their designs.

The subject of challenges to architecture vis-a-vis town planning, infrastructure development & affordable housing is being discussed in various countries through various forums. Mr.Yadupati Singhania, Managing Director, J.K. Cement Ltd., thought that we could contribute to this cause by encouraging outstanding talent in the profession of architecture as a continuous process & thereby set an example for others in this profession to do better & better.

This is how Architect of the Year Award (AYA) began way back in the year 1990 (1st Architect of the Year Award). Awards were subsequently extended to architects of neighbouring countries from the year 1996 (7th Architect of the Year Award). To encourage state level architecture, State Architecture awards were also introduced from the award year AYA-98 (9th Architect of the Year Award).

ARCHITECT OF THE YEAR AWARDS

                                                                         Awards instituted by J.K. Cement LTD. since

1990

 

Current Participation forms download section

22nd AYA - Code of Procedure

22nd AYA - Indian Architecture Forms (IAA) (ISAA)

22nd Focus Countries Form (FCAA)

..................................................................................................

Winners Details 21st AYA

Over the years, we have developed long-term customer relationships and a strong reputation for quality. In addition, we have a proven track record of upgrading and modernizing our production capabilities efficiently, having increased our production capacity at Nimbahera by more than 80%, from 1.54 million tons in 1998 to 2.8 million tons as of September 30, 2005.We have a stable and experienced middle and senior level management team, many of whom have been working in our cement operations for more than 20 years.

Our Nimbahera manufacturing facility was chosen by the World Bank and the Danish International Development Agency as one of the four training centers in India to serve as the “Regional Training Center” for Northern India. There are only four regional training centers for the cement industry in India, and we believe our operation of the training center provides us with access to state of art training aids, live working models, and technical expertise developed by well known national and international cement producers.

Regional Training Centre (North)

Kailash Nagar, Nimbahera – 312617Distt. Chittorgarh (Rajasthan), India

Phone: 01477 – 221590, 221194 (office)Fax: 01477 – 220027, 220049 (NBH)

0294 – 2414181 (Udaipur)E-mail: rtcnorth@sancharnet.in

rtc@jkcw.comGram: JAYKAY

Jaykaycem Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of J.K.Cement Ltd. is setting up Greenfield Grey Cement plant with split grinding unit in the state of Karnataka.

In Phase – I, Integrated plant of 2.5 million tons would be set up at Muddapur, distt. Bagalkot and in Phase – II , split grinding unit of 1.0 million tons would be set up at Bellary.

Substantial Land for factory & colony have been acquired and the entire factory & mining land will be procured by March’07.

Orders have been placed for main plant & equipment, gear boxes and other long delivery items Foundation stone laying ceremony was held on 8th Dec.’06 and civil work has started.

Integrated Unit (Phase – I) will be completed in Oct.- Dec.’08 quarter and Grinding Unit (Phase – II) would be commissioned after 6–12 months of Phase-I.

We produce grey cement and white cement. Grey cement produced by us consists of Ordinary Portland Cement (“OPC”) and Portland Pozzolana Cement (“PPC”). OPC has three principal grades that are differentiated by their compressive strengths, and consist of 53-grade, 43-grade and 33-grade OPC.All our products comply with the quality standards specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards (“BIS”). Our cement products are marketed under the brand names J.K. Cement and Sarvashaktiman for OPC products, J.K. Super for PPC products and J.K. White and Camel for white cement products, which we believe are well known

brands.

Grey cement produced by us consists of OPC and PPC. There are also other cements in the market that we do not produce, such as Portland slag cement, oil well cement, sulphate resistant cement, rapid gardening cement, low alkali cement, low heat cement and super finish cement.OPC has three grades that we produce, that are differentiated by their compressive strengths, expressed in mega pascals (“MPa”), as specified by the BIS.These grades are 53-grade OPC, 43-grade OPC and 33-grade OPC, with 53-grade OPC having the highest compressive strength.The customer selects the grade of OPC based on the intended application. Our most popular cement, by sales volume, is 43-grade cement, with 53-grade cement being used in applications which require high strength characteristics.

Ordinary Portland CementOPC is produced by inter-grinding cement clinker prepared in a rotary cement kiln with gypsum. Each metric ton of OPC requires approximately 0.95 metric tons of clinker and approximately 0.05 metric tons of gypsum. The range of applications, the physical and chemical requirements specified by BIS and strength of the three grades of OPC are discussed below: 53-grade OPC (IS:12269-1987): 53-grade OPC is a high strength cement. According to the BIS requirements, 53-grade OPC must have a 28-day compressive strength of no less than 53 MPa. For certain specialized products, such as pre-stressed concrete and certain pre-cast concrete items requiring high strength, 53-grade OPC is considered useful as it can produce high-grade concrete at lower cement content levels. We produce 53-grade OPC by exposing the clinker

We manufacture white cement under the brand names J.K. White and Camel. White cement is produced using a different quality of limestone and is distinguished from grey cement by its white colour. Each ton of white cement requires approximately 1.33 tons of limestone, 0.02 tons of gypsum and 0.2 tons of additives including white clay, feldspar and fluorspar.

White cement is typically used in three principal areas of application, as set forth below:

• Flooring, for the manufacturing and laying of mosaic tiles and as tile fixing grout, wall applications, such as decorative white cement paints and plain and spray plasters; and

• Other specialized applications including glass fibre reinforced concrete, garden furniture, lamp posts, as pointing for brick and stone works and as pre-cast cladding panels.

We sell white cement primarily in the Indian market. We also export white cement to a number of countries, including South Africa, Nigeria, Singapore, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Kenya, Tanzania, United Arab Emirates and Nepal.

JK Water proof is another product from JK Cements Ltd. which is ISI approved. It’s a water repellent material in powder form which specially formulated and designed to prevent passage of water through pore and capillaries of the concrete, thereby imparting to concrete an efficient, dependable and durable water proofing protection against rain, ground water, moisture, dampness, humidity etc. JK Water proof is free from chlorides and is based on material which disperses rapidly and makes a homogenous mix with cement. It conforms with IS:2645-1975 (Reaffirmed 1987). JK Water Proof pack is available in 2 different sizes i.e. 1 kg & 25 kg.

JK Wall Putty

White cement based putty for luxurious and silky interior/exterior finish of your dream home JK Wall Putty is White Cement based putty for cement plastered walls and ceilings. J.K. Wall Putty is used to fill the uneven surfaces of cement plastered walls and concrete walls. Application of J.K. Wall putty provides smooth and strong finish to the walls for further application of all kinds of paints. The smooth finish gives better look to interiors and exteriors.

Surface Preparation

The surface should be cleaned to make it free from dirt, dust, grease, oil and paint. All foreign impurities should be removed with a wire-brush. Wall surfaces should be cured so that the surface is saturated with water yet in ‘touch dry’ condition.

Treatment of New Surface

The new surface requires only soft treatment such as removal of dust, dirt and foreign matter. In case of cracks, voids and damages; it should be patched up prior to application of J. K. Wall Putty with grey/white cement.

Treatment of Old Surface

All loose material and/ or organic growth must be removed with Putty blade or brush. In case of old painted surface scrub the surface with coarse emery stone/paper.

Preparation of J.K. Wall Putty Paste

J. K. Wall Putty is a fine powder. Mix slowly J. K. Wall Putty with approx. 40% water by volume to prepare paste of desired consistency. Mix vigorously for 5-10 minutes for making lump free, uniform and smooth putty paste. Product should be mixed in required quantities to be used within 2-3 hrs of its preparation.

Application

Apply uniformly the first coat of J.K. Wall Putty with blade/trowel on the wall from bottom to top. Apply second coat after the first coat has dried completely. Limit the total thickness of 2 coats to 1.5 mm. Allow complete drying and then use fine emery paper to remove the application mark if any. Any kind of paint can be applied on this surface. Use water for curing before applying paint.

Precaution

Although J.K. Wall Putty does not contain any toxic material, use rubber gloves while mixing, as prolonged exposure with water may soften the skin resulting in fine cuts/legions due to cement particles. Precaution should be taken to avoid dust inhalation while handling the powder putty.

Storage

Store J.K. Wall Putty in a dry place and open the pack just before use. Keep out of reach of children.

Comparison Between J.K. Wall Putty and Traditional Putty

Properties J.K. Wall Putty Traditional Putty

Binding PropertyJ.K. Wall Putty is white cement based putty. Hence it possesses good binding property.

Due to only chalk powder, it has very less binding property.

DurabilityDue to its cement base, J.K. Wall Putty becomes an integral part of plaster and hence more durable.

Less durable

Coverage AreaJ.K. Wall Putty covers more surface area exceeding 20 Sq. ft./kg.In 2 coats on a new plastered wall.

Covers less surface area.

Water Resistance J.K. Wall Putty resists dampness. Does not resist dampness.

Flaking No Flaking.Flaking occurs when it comes in contact with water.

Consumption of PaintJ.K. Wall Putty requires less paint due to low absorption.

Requires more paint due to high absorption.

Primer Coat No primer coat is required. Primer coat is must.

AppearanceBetter appearance due to very high whiteness of Putty. NCCBM certifies 93% whiteness.

Appearance is yellowish.

PigmentationLess pigment consumption yet bright colours.

High pigmentation. Consumption yet dull colours.

Consistency

Consistency in quality as it is made under stringent quality control with tested ingredients under one roof at company premises.

No consistency.

Cost

Ultimate cost is less due to (a) Long life span (b) No Primer cost (c) Less paint consumption & (d) No use Of enamel & varnish while preparing putty paste.

Ultimate cost is more.

Advantages over Plaster of Paris (POP)

1. White cement based product therefore strength is more than gypsum based POP.

2. J.K. Wall Putty can be applied on exteriors/exposed surfaces whereas the same is not possible with POP.

3. J.K. Wall Putty is very white in appearance while POP is yellowish.

4. In case of J.K. Wall Putty no primer is required before painting, whereas it is compulsory for POP surfaces.

5. J.K. Wall Putty resists seepage while POP does not.

Technologies change, needs change, and in turn products change. What remain unchanged, are values and ideas that propel any entity forward. Ideas that are concrete and unwavering, just like their outcome. At JK Cement we are crossing milestones, one after another, propelled by the following concrete ideas:

To provide products that fully comply with technical specifications committed to our customers, at the most competitive price.

To ensure complete reliability in our dealings with customers, distributors, suppliers & other partners. To operate our manufacturing facilities in such a way, that they help sustain the environment & provide

new opportunities for the underprivileged in that region. To ensure that every department of our every office encourages new & better ideas and freedom of

expressing the same, and cultivate a work environment that rewards excellence in every employee’s chosen area of work leading to a harmonious & fulfilling atmosphere.

To motivate every team member to challenge his last best performance and out do it continually. To remain abreast and imbibe the latest technological trends for the benefit of our customers.

We manufacture grey cement in two facilities located at Nimbahera and Mangrol in the state of Rajasthan in Northern India. White cement is produced at our facility at Gotan in the state of Rajasthan. Our plants have obtained many accolades and recognition, the most noteworthy being : ISO-

9001:2000 QMS and ISO-14001:2004 EMS for the grey cement facility at Nimbahera and ISO-9001:2000 QMS, ISO-14001:1998 EMS & OHSAS-18001:2005 Occupational Health and Safety for the white cement facility at Gotan. The construction of our first most modern dry cement plant began in 1970 in Nimbahera in Rajasthan.

The following table shows a breakdown of production of the Nimbahera, Mangrol and Gotan cement facilities for the periods indicated.

PRODUCTION (IN METRIC TONS)

  Fiscal 2003 Fiscal 2004 Fiscal 2005Six months ended

September 30, 2005

Nimbahera 2,323,283 2,272,760 2,414,196 1,256,942

Mangrol 570,464 718,572 912,419 493,211

Gotan 200,149 215,538 224,481 99,343

Location: Chanderia Cluster, Rajasthan

Commenced commercial production in 1975 with an initial capacity of 0.3 MnTPA. In the year 1979, second production line was added to enhance the production capacity to 0.72 MnTPA. 1982 witnessed the incorporation of another production line taking the production capacity to 1.14 MnTPA. In 1988 a pre-calciner was installed and the production capacity touched 1.54 MnTPA. Constant modernization and up-gradation was instrumental in bringing the plant to its present capacity of 2.8 MnTPA.Capacity utilization of around 90%Can produce up to 3.1 MnTPA with production of silicate cement on capacity of 2.8 MnTPARecognition : ISO-9001:2000 QMS and ISO-14001:2004 EMS   

Location: Chanderia Cluster, Rajasthan

Commenced commercial production in Dec’2001 with a capacity of 0.75 MnTPA. It’s close to Nimbahera plant (10kms away) – offers it significant synergy benefits like assistance from technical & commercial staff of Nimbahera Complex.

Additional Grinding facility of 0.25 MnTPA

Location: Gotan, Rajasthan

Commenced commercial production in 1984 with an initial capacity of 0.05 MnTPA. Constant up-gradation and modernization, especially in the year 2000, saw the installed capacity rise to 0.21MnTPA. The increase in demand for this product and focus on installed capacity backed by state-of-the-art technology, has taken its installed capacity to 0.3 MnTPA.Capacity utilization of around 75%.Operating profit : 30% consistently.Recognition : ISO-9001:2000 QMS, ISO-14001:1998 EMS & OHSAS-18001:2005

The production process for cement consists of drying, grinding and mixing limestone and additives like bauxite and iron ore into a powder known as “raw meal”. The raw meal is then heated and burned in a pre-heater and kiln and then cooled in an air cooling system to form a semi-finished product, known as a clinker. Clinker (95%) is cooled by air and subsequently ground with gypsum (5%) to form Ordinary Portland Cement (“OPC”). Other forms of cement require increased blending with other raw materials. Blending of clinker with other materials helps impart key characteristics to cement, which eventually govern its end use.

There are two general processes for producing clinker and cement in India: a dry process and a wet process.

The basic differences between these processes are the form in which the raw meal is fed into the kiln, and the amount of energy consumed in each of the processes. In the dry process, the raw meal is fed into the kiln in the form of a dry powder resulting in energy saving, whereas in the wet process the raw meal is fed into the kiln in the form of slurry. There is also a semi-dry process, which consumes more energy than the dry process but lesser than the wet process.

The basic step involved in the production process is set out below:

All J.K. Cement plants are dry process plants. Limestone is crushed to a uniform and usable size, blended with certain additives (such as iron ore and bauxite) and discharged on a vertical roller mill, where the raw materials are ground to fine powder. An electrostatic precipitator dedusts the raw mill gases and collects the raw meal for a series of further stages of blending. The homogenized raw meal thus extracted is pumped to the top of a preheater by air lift pumps. In the preheaters the material is heated to 750°C. Subsequently, the raw meal undergoes a process of calcination in a precalcinator (in which the carbonates present are reduced to oxides) and is then fed to the kiln. The remaining calcination and clinkerization reactions are completed in the kiln where the temperature is raised to between 1,450°C and 1,500°C. The clinker formed is cooled and conveyed to the clinker silo from where it is extracted and transported to the cement mills for producing cement. For producing OPC, clinker and gypsum are used and for producing Portland [Pozzolana] Cement (“PPC”), clinker, gypsum and fly ash are used. In the production of Portland Blast Furnace Stag Cement (“PSC”), granulated blast furnace slag from steel plants is added to clinker.

Code Of Conduct

At J.K. Cement, we view corporate governance in its widest sense, almost like trusteeship. The company’s philosophy on Corporate Governance is to enhance the long-term economic value of the company, its stakeholders i.e. the society at large by adopting better corporate practices in fair transparent manner by aligning interest of the company with that of its shareholders/other key stakeholders. Corporate Governance is not merely compliance and not simply creating checks and balances, it is an ongoing measure of superior delivery of Company’s objects with a view to translate opportunities into reality. In so far as compliance with the requirements of Clause 49 of the Listing Agreement with the Stock Exchange, Mumbai is concerned, the Company is in full compliance with the norms and disclosures that have to be made.

Constitution of the Audit Committee

Sr. No. Name of the Director Status

1. Mr. Ashok Sharma Independent, Non Executive (Chairman)

2. Mr. Raj Kumar Lohia Independent, Non Executive

3. Mr. A. Karati Independent, Non Executive

4. Mr. K.N. Khandelwal Non-Independent, Non Executive

5. Dr. K.B. Agarwal Independent, Non Executive

Constitution of the Remuneration Committee

Sr. No. Name of the Director Status

1. Shri R.K. Lohia(Chairman) Independent Non-Executive Director

2. Shri J.P. Bajpai Independent Non-Executive Director

3. Shri Suparas Bhandari Independent Non-Executive Director

4. Shri A. Karati Independent Non-Executive Director

Constitution of the Shareholders Grievance Committee

Sr. No. Name of the Director Status

1. Mr. J.P. Bajpai Non Executive, Independent (Chairman)

2. Mr. Raj Kumar Lohia Non Executive, Independent

3. Mr. K.N. Khandelwal Non Executive, Non Independent

4. Dr. K.B. Agarwal Independent, Non Executive

A-R

Annual General Meeting

Date and time Saturday the 4th August, 2012 at 12.00 Noon.

Venue Auditorium of the Merchants’ Chamber of Uttar Pradesh, 14/76, Civil Lines, Kanpur 208001

Financial Calendar

First Quarter Results Within 45 days from the close of Quarter ending June,2012

Second Quarter Results Within 45 days form the close of Quarter Ending September 2012

Third Quarter Results Within 45 days form the close of Quarter Ending December 2012

Results for the year ending 31 March 2013 Within 60 days form the close of Quarter Ending March 2013

Annual general meeting for the year ended 31 March 2013

To be Fixed

Book ClosureWednesday 25th July, 2012 to Saturday 4th August, 2012(Both days inclusive)

The Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd.Rotunda Building, 1st Floor,Dalal Street,Mumbai - 400 001

National Stock Exchange of India Ltd.Exchange Plaza, Bandra Kurla Complex,Bandra (E)Mumbai 400 051

BSE NSE

SCRIPCODE 532644 JKCEMENT

ISIN NUMBER INE823G01014 INE823G01014

MARKET LOT ONE (1) SHARES ONE (1) SHARES

BSE

Currency : Rupees Code : 532644    

Price 206.05 Day High 211.50

BID 206.00 Day Low 196.10

Offer 206.35 52 Week High 217.00

Change On Day 7.10 52 Week Low 96.00

Percentage Change 3.57    

Last Trade Jul 18,2012  12:51:00 PM Opening Price 196.10

Daily Volume 52,564.00 Previous Closing 198.95

NSE

Currency : Rupees Code : JKCEMENT    

Price 207.00 Day High 213.60

BID 207.05 Day Low 193.00

Offer 207.30 52 Week High 217.30

Change On Day 9.00 52 Week Low 96.05

Percentage Change 4.55    

Last Trade Jul 18,2012  12:49:51 PM Opening Price 193.00

Daily Volume 155,259.00 Previous Closing 198.00

Share Data

Market Price Data

BSE

Date High (Rs.) Low (Rs.) Sensex High Sensex Low

April 2011 142.00 126.20 19811.14 18976.19

May 2011 126.95 106.30 19253.87 17786.13

June 2011 117.25 101.00 18873.39 17314.38

July 2011 117.15 101.00 19131.70 18131.86

August 2011 117.00 98.60 18440.07 15765.53

September 2011 126.00 105.55 17211.80 15801.01

October 2011 116.80 105.30 17908.13 15745.43

November 2011 118.65 95.80 17702.26 15478.69

December 2011 111.00 96.10 17003.71 15135.86

January 2012 118.50 98.00 17258.97 15358.02

February 2012 153.90 114.25 18523.78 17061.55

March 2012 165.85 134.05 18040.69 16920.61

NSE

Date High (Rs.) Low (Rs.) NIFTY High NIFTY Low

April 2011 148.00 126.10 5944.45 5693.25

May 2011 127.00 105.90 5775.25 5328.70

June 2011 119.00 103.00 5657.90 5195.90

July 2011 113.50 101.50 5740.40 5453.95

August 2011 116.00 96.05 5551.90 4720.00

September 2011 125.90 104.50 5169.25 4758.85

October 2011 115.75 105.00 5399.70 4728.30

November 2011 118.80 96.70 5326.45 4639.10

December 2011 111.30 99.00 5099.25 4531.15

January 2012 118.40 96.20 5217.00 4588.05

February 2012 154.00 113.45 5629.95 5159.00

March 2012 166.65 133.00 5499.40 5135.95

Distribution Schedule as on 31.03.2012

No. of EquityShare held

No. of Share holders % of Share holders No. of Shares held % of Share holding

Upto 500 94320 98.25 3421416 4.89

501 to 1000 962 1.00 704494 1.01

1001 to 2000 286 0.30 424466 0.61

2001 to 3000 117 0.12 297571 0.43

3001 to 4000 59 0.06 211336 0.30

4001 to 5000 47 0.05 219736 0.31

5001 to 10000 78 0.08 562495 0.80

10001 and above 135 0.14 64085736 91.65

Total 96004 100.00 69927250 100.00

Human Resource Management (HRM)We often hear the term Human Resource Management, Employee Relations and Personnel Management used in the popular press as well as by Industry experts. Whenever we hear these terms, we conjure images of efficient managers busily going about their work in glitzy offices. In this article, we look at the question “what is HRM ?” by giving a broad overview of the topic and introducing the readers to the practice of HRM in contemporary organizations. Though as with all popular perceptions, the above imagery has some validity, the fact remains that there is much more to the field of HRM and despite popular depictions of the same, the “art and science” of HRM is indeed complex. We have chosen the term “art and science” as HRM is both the art of managing people by recourse to creative and innovative approaches; it is a science as well because of the precision and rigorous application of theory that is required.

As outlined above, the process of defining HRM leads us to two different definitions. The first definition of HRM is that it is the process of managing people in organizations in a structured and thorough manner. This covers the fields of staffing (hiring people), retention of people, pay and perks setting and management, performance management, change management and taking care of exits from the company to round off the activities. This is the traditional definition of HRM which leads some experts to define it as a modern version of the Personnel Management function that was used earlier.

The second definition of HRM encompasses the management of people in organizations from a macro perspective i.e. managing people in the form of a collective relationship between management and employees. This approach focuses on the objectives and outcomes of the HRM function. What this means is that the HR function in contemporary organizations is concerned with the notions of people enabling, people development and a focus on making the “employment relationship” fulfilling for both the management and employees.

These definitions emphasize the difference between Personnel Management as defined in the second paragraph and human resource management as described in the third paragraph. To put it in one sentence, personnel management is essentially “workforce” centered whereas human resource management is “resource” centered. The key difference is HRM in recent times is about fulfilling management objectives of providing and deploying people and a greater emphasis on planning, monitoring and control.

Whatever the definition we use the answer to the question as to “what is HRM?” is that it is all about people in organizations. No wonder that some MNC’s (Multinationals) call the HR managers as People Managers, People Enablers and the practice as people management. In the 21st century organizations, the HR manager or the people manager is no longer seen as someone who takes care of the activities described in the traditional way. In fact, most organizations have different departments dealing with Staffing, Payroll, and Retention etc. Instead, the HR manager is responsible for managing employee expectations vis-à-vis the management objectives and reconciling both to ensure employee fulfillment and realization of management objectives.

Importance of HRM for Organizational Success

We have discussed the basic concept of HRM and the ways in which it helps the organization meet its goals. In this article, we discuss the reasons for organizations to have a HRM strategy as well as the business drivers that make the strategy imperative for organizational success. It is a fact that to thrive in the chaotic and turbulent business environment, firms need to constantly innovate and be “ahead of the curve” in terms of business practices and strategies. It is from this motivation to be at the top of the pack that HRM becomes a valuable tool for management to ensure success.

The Evolving Business Paradigm

One of the factors behind organizations giving a lot of attention to their people is the nature of the firms in the current business environment. Given the fact that there has been a steady movement towards an economy based on services, it becomes important for firms engaged in the service sector to keep their employees motivated and productive. Even in the manufacturing and the traditional sectors, the need to remain competitive has meant that firms in these sectors deploy strategies that make effective use of their resources. This changed business landscape has come about as a result of a paradigm shift in the way businesses and firms view their employees as more than just resources and instead adopt a “people first” approach.

Strategic Management and HRM

As discussed in the articles on modern day HRM practices, there is a need to align organizational goals with that of the HR strategy to ensure that there is alignment of the people policies with that of the management objectives. This means that the HR department can no longer be viewed as an appendage of the firm but instead is a vital organ in ensuring organizational success. The aims of strategic management are to provide the organization with a sense of direction and a feeling of purpose. The days when the HR manager was concerned with administrative duties is over and the current HRM practices in many industries are taken as seriously as say, the marketing and production functions.

Importance of HRM for Organizational Success

The practice of HRM must be viewed through the prism of overall strategic goals for the organization instead of a standalone tint that takes a unit based or a micro approach. The idea here is to adopt a holistic perspective towards HRM that ensures that there are no piecemeal strategies and the HRM policy enmeshes itself fully with those of the organizational goals. For instance, if the training needs of the employees are simply met with perfunctory trainings on omnibus topics, the firm stands to lose not only from the time that the employees spend in training but also a loss of direction. Hence, the organization that takes its HRM policies seriously will ensure that training is based on focused and topical methods. In conclusion, the practice of HRM needs to be integrated with the overall strategy to ensure effective use of people and provide better returns to the organizations in terms of ROI (Return on Investment) for every rupee or dollar spent on them. Unless the HRM practice is designed in this way, the firms stand to lose from not utilizing people fully. And this does not bode well for the success of the organization.

Human resources are undoubtedly the key resources in an organization, the easiest and the most difficult to manage! The objectives of the HRM span right from the manpower needs assessment to management and retention of the same. To this effect Human

resource management is responsible for effective designing and implementation of various policies, procedures and programs. It is all about developing and managing knowledge, skills, creativity, aptitude and talent and using them optimally. Human Resource Management is not just limited to manage and optimally exploit human intellect. It also focuses on managing physical and emotional capital of employees. Considering the intricacies involved, the scope of HRM is widening with every passing day. It covers but is not limited to HR planning, hiring (recruitment and selection), training and development, payroll management, rewards and recognitions, Industrial relations, grievance handling, legal procedures etc. In other words, we can say that it’s about developing and managing harmonious relationships at workplace and striking a balance between organizational goals and individual goals.

Scope of Human Resource Management

The scope of HRM is extensive and far-reaching. Therefore, it is very difficult to define it concisely. However, we may classify the same under following heads:

HRM in Personnel Management: This is typically direct manpower management that involves manpower planning, hiring (recruitment and selection), training and development, induction and orientation, transfer, promotion, compensation, layoff and retrenchment, employee productivity. The overall objective here is to ascertain individual growth, development and effectiveness which indirectly contribute to organizational development. It also includes performance appraisal, developing new skills, disbursement of wages, incentives, allowances, traveling policies and procedures and other related courses of actions.

HRM in Employee Welfare: This particular aspect of HRM deals with working conditions and amenities at workplace. This includes a wide array of responsibilities and services such as safety services, health services, welfare funds, social security and medical services. It also covers appointment of safety officers, making the environment worth working, eliminating workplace hazards, support by top management, job safety, safeguarding machinery, cleanliness, proper ventilation and lighting, sanitation, medical care, sickness benefits, employment injury benefits, personal injury benefits, maternity benefits, unemployment benefits and family benefits. It also relates to supervision, employee counseling, establishing harmonious relationships with employees, education and training. Employee welfare is about determining employees’ real needs and fulfilling them with active participation of both management and employees. In addition to this, it also takes care of canteen facilities, crèches, rest and lunch rooms, housing, transport, medical assistance, education, health and safety, recreation facilities, etc.

HRM in Industrial Relations: Since it is a highly sensitive area, it needs careful interactions with labor or employee unions, addressing their grievances and settling the disputes effectively in order to maintain peace and harmony in the organization. It is the art and science of understanding the employment (union-management)

relations, joint consultation, disciplinary procedures, solving problems with mutual efforts, understanding human behavior and maintaining work relations, collective bargaining and settlement of disputes. The main aim is to safeguarding the interest of employees by securing the highest level of understanding to the extent that does not leave a negative impact on organization. It is about establishing, growing and promoting industrial democracy to safeguard the interests of both employees and management. The scope of HRM is extremely wide, thus, can not be written concisely. However, for the sake of convenience and developing understanding about the subject, we divide it in three categories mentioned above.

Each organization works towards the realization of one vision. The same is achieved by formulation of certain strategies and execution of the same, which is done by the HR

department. At the base of this strategy formulation lie various processes and the effectiveness of the former lies in the meticulous design of these processes. But what exactly are and entails these processes? Let’s read further and explore.

The following are the various HR processes:

1.Human resource planning (Recruitment, Selecting, Hiring, Training, Induction, Orientation, Evaluation, Promotion and Layoff).

2.Employee remuneration and Benefits Administration

3.Performance Management.

4.Employee Relations.

Processes in Human Resource Management

The efficient designing of these processes apart from other things depends upon the degree of correspondence of each of these. This means that each process is subservient to other. You start from Human resource Planning and there is a continual value addition at each step. To exemplify, the PMS (performance Management System) of an organization like Infosys would different from an organization like Walmart. Lets study each process separately.

Human Resource Planning: Generally, we consider Human Resource Planning as the process of people forecasting. Right but incomplete! It also involves the processes of Evaluation, Promotion and Layoff.

Recruitment: It aims at attracting applicants that match a certain Job criteria. Selection: The next level of filtration. Aims at short listing candidates who are

the nearest match in terms qualifications, expertise and potential for a certain job.

Hiring: Deciding upon the final candidate who gets the job. Training and Development: Those processes that work on an employee

onboard for his skills and abilities upgradation.

Employee Remuneration and Benefits Administration: The process involves deciding upon salaries and wages, Incentives, Fringe Benefits and Perquisites etc. Money is the prime motivator in any job and therefore the importance of this process. Performing employees seek raises, better salaries and bonuses.

Performance Management: It is meant to help the organization train, motivate and reward workers. It is also meant to ensure that the organizational goals are met with

efficiency. The process not only includes the employees but can also be for a department, product, service or customer process; all towards enhancing or adding value to them.

Nowadays there is an automated performance management system (PMS) that carries all the information to help managers evaluate the performance of the employees and assess them accordingly on their training and development needs.

Employee Relations: Employee retention is a nuisance with organizations especially in industries that are hugely competitive in nature. Though there are myriad factors that motivate an individual to stick to or leave an organization, but certainly few are under our control.

Employee relations include Labor Law and Relations, Working Environment, Employee heath and safety, Employee- Employee conflict management, Employee- Employee Conflict Management, Quality of Work Life, Workers Compensation, Employee Wellness and assistance programs, Counseling for occupational stress. All these are critical to employee retention apart from the money which is only a hygiene factor.

All processes are integral to the survival and success of HR strategies and no single process can work in isolation; there has to be a high level of conformity and cohesiveness between the same.

How does SHRM fit in with Strategy?

With the advent of today’s economy where services account for a major share of the GDP and the fact that the service sector is essentially people centric, it is imperative that the people first approach be embraced by the organizations for sustainable business strategy. The practice of SHRM demands a proactive and hands on approach by the management as well as the HR department with regards to the entire gamut of activities ranging from

Strategic Human Resource Management

Strategic Human Resource Management is the practice of aligning business strategy with that of HR practices to achieve the strategic goals of the organization. The aim of SHRM (Strategic Human Resource Management) is to ensure that HR strategy is not a means but an end in itself as far as business objectives are concerned. The idea behind SHRM is that companies must “fit” their HR strategy within the framework of overall Business objectives and hence ensure that there is alignment between the HR practices and the strategic objectives of the organization.

Evolution of SHRM

With the advent of new economy industries like IT and the mushrooming of the service sector, organizations all over the world realized that human resources must be viewed as a source of competitive advantage as opposed to treating it much the same way in access to technology or capital is concerned. What this means is that the practice of HRM is being viewed as something that promotes the business objectives of the firms and not merely another factor in the way the firm is managed.

staffing and training and development to mentoring and pay and performance management.

The Way SHRM works

If we take real world examples, many organizations in recent times have dedicated “people managers” whose sole function is to look after the enabling and fulfilling needs of the resources. This is a marked change from treating people as just resources to treating people as assets. For instance, Infosys states that people are its assets and the famous statement by Mr. Narayana Murthy, one of the founders of the company that the capital of Infosys walks in every morning and walks out every evening has to be taken in this context.

Elaborating on this point, one finds that organizations tend to leverage upon the capabilities of the people employed there and ensuring that the “human capital” is nourished and nurtured as a source of competitive advantage. This translates into a dedicated HR department and people managers in every group dealing exclusively with employee issues as opposed to treating this as a line management function.

Conclusion

The times when management could arbitrarily dictate terms to the employees and tread upon their rights is something that is not relevant anymore. With the ballooning of the white collar workforce, it becomes necessary for organizations to pay more attention to the needs of the employees more than ever. Finally, the fact that organizations derive their strategy from employees instead of imposing strategy upon them is the essence of SHRM.

We may therefore, enumerate the objectives of global HRM as follows:

1. Create a local appeal without compromising upon the global identity. 2. Generating awareness of cross cultural sensitivities among managers globally and

hiring of staff across geographic boundaries. 3. Training upon cultures and sensitivities of the host country.

The strategic role of Human resources Management in such a scenario is to ensure that HRM policies are in tandem with and in support of the firm’s strategy, structure and controls. Specifically, when we talk of structures and controls the following become worth mentioning in the context of Global HRM.

Decision Making: There is a certain degree of centralization of operating decision making. Compare this to the International strategy, the core competencies are centralized and the rest are decentralized.

Co-ordination: A high degree of coordination is required in wake of the cross cultural sensitivities. There is in addition also a high need for cultural control.

Integrating Mechanisms: Many integrating mechanisms operate simultaneously.

Global HRM and the Staffing Policy

Here also the role is no different i.e. hiring individuals with requisite skills to do a particular job. The challenge here is developing tools to promote a corporate culture that is almost the same everywhere except that the local sensitivities are taken care of.

Also, the deciding upon the top management or key positions gets very tricky. Whether to choose a local from the host country for a key position or deploy one from the

Global Human Resource Management - Meaning and Objectives

With the advent of globalization, organizations - big or small have ceased to be local, they have become global! This has increased the workforce diversity and cultural sensitivities have emerged like never before. All this led to the development of Global Human Resource Management.

Even those organizations who consider themselves immune to transactions across geographical boundaries are connected to the wider network globally. They are in one way or the other dependent upon organizations that may even not have heard about. There is interdependence between organizations in various areas and functions.

The preliminary function of global Human Resource Management is that the organization carries a local appeal in the host country despite maintaining an international feel. To exemplify, any multinational / international company would not like to be called as local, however the same wants a domestic touch in the host country and there lies the challenge.

headquarters assumes importance; and finally whether or not to have a uniform hiring policy globally remains a big challenge.

Nevertheless an organization can choose to hire according to any of the staffing policies mentioned below:

Ethnocentric: Here the Key management positions are filled by the parent country individuals.

Polycentric: In polycentric staffing policy the host country nationals manage subsidiaries whereas the headquarter positions are held by the parent company nationals.

Geocentric: In this staffing policy the best and the most competent individuals hold key positions irrespective of the nationalities.

Geocentric staffing policy it seems is the best when it comes to Global HRM. The human resources are deployed productively and it also helps build a strong cultural and informal management network. The flip side is that human resources become a bit expensive when hired on a geocentric basis. Besides the national immigration policies may limit implementation.

Global HRM therefore is a very challenging front in HRM. If one is able to strike the right chord in designing structures and controls, the job is half done. Subsidiaries are held together by global HRM, different subsidiaries can function operate coherently only when it is enabled by efficient structures and controls.