A CASE OF PRO POOR TOURISM

SUBMITTED BY : RAVI PRAKASH T.T –”B” 1141054SUBMITTED TO : RAMAKRISHNAN KONGALLA Assistant Professor IITTM

INTRODUCTION

Pro-poor tourism is tourism that result in increased net benefit for poor people PPT is not a specific product or niche sector but an approach to tourism development and management.

It enhance the linkage between tourism business and poor people, so that tourism contribution to poverty reduction d is increased and poor people are able to participate more effectively in product development.

Link with many different group of the poor need to be considered staff, neighbouring communitites,land holder, producer of food,fuel&other supplies, operator of micro tourism business, craft maker.

There are many types of poor tourism strategies ragging from increasing local employment to building mechanism for consultation.

The poor can also be benefited by the use that they may be able to make of tourism infrastructure and resources.

Any type of company can be involved in PPT-a small lodge, an urban hotel, a tour operator and an infrastructure developer. The critical factor is not the type of company or the type of tourism but that an increase in the benefits that go to poor people can be demonstrated.

OVERVIEW

Strategies for PPT can be divided into those that generates free different type of the local benefits: Economic benefit, other livelihood benefit and less tangible benefits of participation and involvement. Each of these can be further desegregated into specific type of strategy.

Increase economic benefits

Enhance non-financial livelihoodimpacts

Enhance participation and partnership

• Expand local employment,wages:– commitments to localjobs, training of local people.• Expand local enterpriseopportunities – including thosethat provide services to tourismoperations (food suppliers etc.)and those that sell to tourists (craftproducers, handicrafts, guidesetc.).• Develop collective incomesources – fees, revenue shares,equity dividends, donations, etc.

• Capacity building, training.• Mitigate environmentalimpacts.• Address competing use ofnatural resources.• Improve social and culturalimpacts.• Increase local access toinfrastructure and servicesprovided for tourists – roads,communications, healthcare,transport.

• Create a more supportivepolicy/planning framework thatenables participation by the poor.• Increase participation of the poor indecision-making by governmentand the private sector• Build pro-poor partnerships withthe private sector.• Increase flow of information andcommunication between.stakeholders to lay the foundationfor future dialogue.

Strategies focused on economic benefits

Strategies to enhance other (non-cash) livelihood benefits

Strategies focused on policy, process, and participation

Wilderness Safaris (South Africa) has a localemployment policy, which has resulted in ahigh proportion of jobs at its lodges going tolocal people. The company also has a trainingprogramme, which enables local people toadvance in the company. As well as benefitingthe local community, Wilderness Safarisbenefits from low staff turnover.

In Ecuador, Tropic Ecological Adventuresraised funds from clients to buy a radio forone remote community, which is a hugeleap for them in terms of communications –especially in emergencies. Tropic alsoallows community members to usecommunication facilities at its head officeand provides transport in emergencies.

In the Caribbean, the St Lucia Heritage TourismProgramme is driving a process of policy reformat the national level, which will help mainstreamlocal enterprises into the tourism industry there.In Southern Africa, the Namibia CommunityBased Tourism Association facilitates thedevelopment of partnership b/w different communities.

Tourism and Poverty reductions Tourism is an increasing phenomenon in developing

countries as such, it affects the livelihood of many of the world’s poor. However to date its potential for poverty reduction has been insufficiently recognised and exploited by developing countries government and development assistance agencies. In most cases tourism is generally been used as an engine for economic growth RATHER as an mechanism for delivering on poverty reduction

The infrastructure required for tourism development- transport, communication, health care ,water and sewage energy supplies-is also utmost important poor resident and can uplift an area for the benefit of the both.

Linking tourism and poverty reduction

TOURISM AND POVERTY

Education and growth

Pro-poor growth

Corporate social responsibility

Source of livelihood

Health care infrastructure and services

Sustainable environment management

Access to markets for poor

Enterprise;SMMEs

Developing countries share in International Tourism Market

The following PPT info-sheet provides key data on international tourism to developing countries when compared to Eland OECD countries. For a detailed report of tourism to developing countries please refer to the WTO report

Tourism and Poverty Alleviation (WTO 2002) which was used as a base for writing this summary. PPT

COUNTRY GROUPING

International arrivalsin 2000 (in ‘000)

Tourism expenditure in2000 (in US$ million)

Value per internationalarrival in 2000 (in US$)

Worldwide 697,700 476,000 -

OECD 471,164 330,464 701

EU 283,604 179,041 631

Developing countries

292,660 138,937 475

of which: Least DevelopedCountries

5,106 2,594 508

Source: WTO 2002

Developing countries as international TOURIST DESTINATIONS This PPT information sheet provides a brief

overview of some developing countries that are important international tourism destinations. The statistical data for this section is taken from the World Tourism Organisation (WTO) as this is the most comparative and comprehensive data available. The data describes international travel flows, thus excluding domestic travel which can be highly significant in some regions including South Asia, Southern Africa and South America.

REGION COUNTRIES with>10m arrivals

COUNTRIES with 5-10 m arrivals

COUNTRIES with 1-5m arrival

Americas Mexico Brazil Dominican republic,Cuba,Costrica,Jamaica

East Asia China, Malaysia Thailand and Indonesia

Vietnam

Africa South Africa Morocco,zimbabve

Middle east Egypt Jordan, Syria

South east India, Iran

CEE Russia federartion,Polland,Hungary

Turkey,bulgaria,Romania

Developing countries with high numbers arrival

The main growth destinations in developing world

Economic data on international tourism contribution to developing countries economies Most travel still takes place in the development world, the

significance of tourism to the economy of the country is far more pronounced in the developing world, in particular least developing countries. The total revenue amount earned by any country is closely related to arrival figure and thus countries with high arrival number.

However countries where tourism makes the biggest contribution to the national economy are not necessarily those with high level of receipts the fast majority of the countries where tourism is the major contributor are small Iceland states particularly in the Caribbean with a very well developed tourism industry and relatively few other alternatives

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH MOST SIGNIFICANT

TOURISM RECEIPTS

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES WITH MOST SIGNIFICANT GDP FROM TOURISM AND TRAVEL INDUSTRY

POSITION COUNTRY Contribution to GDP (1999)

1 MALDIVES 88%

2 ANJULA 71%

3 ST.LUCIA 59%

4 BARBADOS

41%

5 JAMAICA 32%

6 FIJI 28%

7 GRENADA 26%

8 MAURITIUS

24%

9 DOMINICA 24%

10 JORDAN 23%

11 BAHRAIN 17%

POSITION

COUNTRY Tourism receipt 1999(US $ million)

1 CHINA 14,098

2 MEXICO 7,223

3 THAILAND 6,695

4 TURKEY 5,203

5 BRAZIL 3,994

6 EGYPT 3,903

7 MALAYSIA 3,540

8 INDIA 3,036

9 SOUTH AFRICA 2.526

10 CUBA 1,714

11 JAMAICA 1,279

Pro-poor Tourism PROJECTS

1. Pro-Poor Tourism Strategies: Making Tourism Work for the Poor: A Review of Experience (2000 – 2001)

2. The Tourism industry and Poverty reduction: A Business Primer (2002)

3. Lesson –Learning on pro-poor Tourism Strategies (2002-2003)

4. Engaging with the private sector on Pro-poor Tourism (2002)

5. The GAMBIA ( September 2000- April 2002)

6. PPT Pilots in Southern Africa (2002-2005)

7. PPT Business Unit (August 2003- August 2006)

8. PPT Information Sheets (2003)

THANK YOU RAMA SIR