8 vermicomposting of food wastes

8/6/2019 8 Vermicomposting of Food Wastes

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VermicompostingVermicomposting of Foodof Food

Waste byWaste by Perionyx excavatusDr. Dondej

TungtakanpoungEnvironmental Research Centre,

Naresuan University,Phitsanulok, Thailand

http://www.erc.nu.ac.thE-mail: [email protected]


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IntroductionIntroduction The main composition of Thai solid waste is organic

waste (47%, 2004) particularly food waste

The source of food waste Household

Restaurant

Fresh market etc


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Food waste from householdFood waste from household

From the survey in Borommatri 21 (a local community in PhitsanulokMunicipality) found that food waste

(kitchen waste) consist of 3 parts,vegetables, fruits and mixed boil rice.


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Problems Caused by Food WasteCommunicable Diseases

Infection by VectorMental/Physical

-Odour

-VisualDifficult for collection, transport and storage


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IntroductionIntroduction

Composting is the most economicaland sustainable option for organicwaste management

Disadvantages of composting Long duration of process

Aeration required

Loss of nutrient

Heterogeneous end product


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VermicompostingVermicomposting

Composting usingworms

Better end product

Achieve safepathogen level

Good converting ofnutrients


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InIn BorommatriBorommatri 21 (a local community in21 (a local community in

PhitsanulokPhitsanulokMunicipality)Municipality)

the community triedto operate thevermicomposting by

using the red wormfrom Wongpanit Ltd.

However, only 1household can carryout the worm farm.


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A Worm farm inA Worm farm in BorommatriBorommatri 2121

Carry out in thecement tube

Problem

Open system

Difficult to controlmoisture, insect

Poor Drainage

Unable to feed by foodwaste from household

Too much feed


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ObjectiveObjective

The purpose of this study was toestablish a method for the developmentand use of Perionyx excavatusfor

vermicomposting in an appropriatedreactor and to investigate the optimum

waste/worm ratio and yield


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Vegetables (lettuce

and Cabbage)

Fruits (banana, papayaand melon peel)

Boil

Food wasteFood waste

Mixed Vegetables : Fruits : Boil rice in

1 : 1.3 : 1.4 ratio by weight

particle size = 1-4 cm by Chopping

Material and MethodMaterial and Method


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Feed InputFood waste Sawdust (bulkingagent)

Food waste : Sawdust = 925:75 g (2:1 dry weight)

+ =

FeedFeed


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WormWorm

Perionyx excavatusfrom a worm farm at

local community ofPhitsanulokMunicipality

(Borommatrai 21) Perionyx excavatus

identified by Dr.

Prasuk Kosawititkul,biology department,faculty o f science,

Naresuan University


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ReactorReactor


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VermicompostingVermicomposting BoxBox

--

Coverperforated box


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++

screen

Base Soil

water


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ReactorReactor

Screen

Base soil

Top view

Front view

Bottom view


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Experimental DesignExperimental Design

NOWORM

50g

100g

150g

200

g

:4:1

1 kg of food waste

All experiment in Duplication


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ParameterParameter

pH

P, K, CEC

OC, N, C/Nratio, VS

moisture

Color, Odour, Temperature

weightFood waste

weightWorm

parameter

daily

weekly

weekly

weekly

weekly

Every 3 day

Every 3 day


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resultresult

The change of amount of food waste with initial worm between50-200 g

0

200

400

600800

1000

1200

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

???????? (???

??????????????????

(????)

worm200 g

worm150 g

worm100 g

worm50 gcontrol (no wor

Time (day)

Foodwaste(g)


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0

10

20

30

40

0 5 10 15 20 25

Food waste/worm(g/g

D

igestionTime(da

y)

ResultResultDigestion time with varied

waste/worm ratio between 5-20


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0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.080.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

ime (day

Averageweightofaworm(g/worm)

worm200

worm150

worm100

worm50 g

Average a worm weight during the

period of vermicomposting

Eff t f t / ti


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y =0.2439x +2.70

R2=0.8973

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 5 10 15 20 25Food waste/Worm(g/g

Growthrateofaworm(mg/day)

Effect of waste/worm ratio

(between 5-20) on worm growthrate


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0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0 5 10 15 20 25food waste/worm(g/g)

yield

(gworm.gwaste-1

Effect ofEffect of waste/worm ratio on

worm yieldYield = the increasing weight of the worm in vermicomposting period

the decreasing weight of the waste in vermicomposting period


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25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

0 5 10 15 20 25 30Time (day)

Temperature(C

roomtemperatur

worm200 g

worm150 gworm100 g

worm50 g

control

The composting and outsideThe composting and outside temperturestempertures

during the experiment periodduring the experiment period


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0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Time (day)

p

worm200 g

worm150 g

worm100 g

worm50 g

control

The changes in pH of the waste

during the experiment


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

ime (day)

C/

worm200 g

worm150 gworm100 g

worm50 g

control

The changes inThe changes in c/nc/n ratioratio of the wasteof the waste

during the experiment periodduring the experiment period

Nutrient in Base Soil after


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0.95

20.1560.434control

1.1020.1830.44420

1.1600.1940.48010

1.2220.2230.4896.7

1.4170.2370.5725

0.84

00.1100.337Start

K(%)P (%)N (%)

Base Soil

Foodwaste/Wor

m

(g/g)

Nutrient in Base Soil afterexperiment


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0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

200

150

100

50

control

N%

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

200

150

100

50

control

K%

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

200

150

100

50

control

P%

Nutrient in Base Soil

after experiment

N

P

K

C l iC l i


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ConclusionConclusion Perionyx excavatuswas found to be an

effective worm for vermicomposting of foodwaste.

The small plastic perforated box was found tobe an appropriated reactor forvermicomposting of food waste and to have

the potential for distribution to thai localhousehold. Perionyx excavatus was found to be the

effective consumer for digestion of foodwaste. 1 kg of food waste was empty in 11 25days with the worm between 50 200 g,respectively.


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ConclusionConclusion The worm growth rate increased with increasing

of waste/worm ration. The optimum yield was found to be 0.126 g worm/

g waste at waste/worm ratio = 6.67 (1000 gwaste/150 g worm)

The other microorganisms such as bacteria seemto be the main decompostor in thevermicomposting as a result of increasing oftemperature and decreasing of pH and C/N ratio

at the first 5 day The vermicomposting of food waste was found to

be the effective process for converting of nutrientfrom the waste.


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Another experiment

(vermicomposting in the drawer)


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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

More information please contact:

Environmental Research CentreNeresuan University

65000http://www.erc.nu.ac.the-mail : [email protected]

Tel. 055 261000 ext 5514, 5515 Fax. 055 261914

8 vermicomposting of food wastes

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