7. the ii republic
TRANSCRIPT
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II Spanish RepublicThe road to the Spanish Civil War
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Dinámica Histórica
Gobierno Provisional
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Provisional Government 1931
• The Pact of San Sebastián (republican leftist parties united)
• Niceto Alcalá Zamora, moderate republican, Prime Minister
• New constitution
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Discussions on the newConstitution
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Reform of the Army (Retirement)Minister: Manuel Azaña
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Social & Political reformMinister: Largo Caballero
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Progressive Government 1931-1933
President: Niceto Alcalá Zamora
Prime Minister: Manuel Azaña
center-left government
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Work reform
Minister: Largo Caballero
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Autonomic reform
Catalonia 1932
Basque Country and Galicia in process (it never happened because of a change in the government)
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Agrarian reform, 1932
Land was in the hands of a few big, aristocratic owners
Some of those lands were not being worked The new law took some of those lands to give them to peasants
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Failed Coup d’Etat General Sanjurjo, 1932
Conservatives and monarchists in the Army
General Sanjurjo sentenced to dead but absolved by the next government (1933)
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Casas Viejas, Cádiz enero 1933
Anarchist peasants
Angry because the reforms were too slow
Attack the land
Repression: 23 dead
Scandal: Government resignation
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Conservative Government 1933-1936
Presidente: Niceto Alcalá Zamora
Prime Minister: Alejandro Lerroux
Parties:
Partido Radical: Alejandro Lerroux
CEDA (Confederación de Derechas Autónomas): Gil-Robles
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Counter-reforms
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Asturias Revolution
A miners revolt
The Government sent general Francisco Franco with troops from the African Army 1000 dead and 2000 wounded. 30,000 socialists in jail (PSOE y UGT).
300 dead and 800 wounded among the soldiers and police
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Revolt in Barcelona
President of the Catalonian autonomic government Lluís Companys declares the independence of the Catalonian State
Repression, jail
End of the Catalonian Autonomy
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The Popular Front 1936 - 1939
Left parties (except PSOE)
Presidente: Manuel Azaña
1939: Diego Martínez Barrio
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Political Radicalization
Movilization, militarization and confrontation on the streets
FAI / CNT
Falange Española, JONS
The Popular Front 1936 - 1939
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The spark…
July 12 1936, Liutenant Castillo, a leftist, is killed by gunmen from the right
July 13 Calvo Sotelo, a right wing politician, is killed by leftist gunmen