7 stages of water treatment

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7 stages of water treatmentSome of the words in the sentences below have gone missing.The missing words are:activated carbon alum bacteria checked chemicals chlorine clay particles contact tank dissolved filters insoluble mains pipe pumped reservoir riversand sludge tap treated valve

But they are mixed up. Can you add the correct word to complete the following sentences?

1. ReservoirWater is pumped from the r _ _ _ _ into the r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . This is where the wateris stored before it is treated.The water flows through a large p _ _ _ which is opened by a v _ _ _ _ , just like your taps at home.

2. ChlorinationThe water has c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ added to it.This kills the b_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . Large particles(such as leaves and fish) in the water are also filtered out using large meshes called screens.

3. ClarificationA chemical called a _ _ _ (aluminium sulphate) is added to the water which makes the c _ _ _ p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ sink.We call this ‘s _ _ _ _ _ .’ Clear (not clean) watercontinues on its journey to the next stage.

4. Sand filtrationThe water trickles down through the gaps between the s _ _ _ grains. This f _ _ _ _ _ _out any remaining *i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ particles. (*solid things that don’t dissolve).

5. Carbon filtrationThe d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (which might give the water a bad taste, colouror smell) are removed using a special substance called a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c _ _ _ _ _ .

6. Quality controlNow the water is almost ready to drink but this next stage makes sure it is really clean and safe.Before the water is p _ _ _ _ _ from the treatment works it goes through the c _ _ _ _ _ _t _ _ _ where chlorine levels are ch _ _ _ _ _ to keep the water free from bacteria as ittravels through pipes to your home.

7. Drinking water supplyThe pipes under the roads are called m _ _ _ _ . When you turn on your t _ _ theclean safe t _ _ _ _ _ _ water comes out.

“It only takes four hours to do this!”

Did you know?

The biggestcactus inthe world canstore eighttonnes ofwater in itsstems.

A cow drinks about135 litres of watereach day.

97% of the earth’swater is in the seas

and oceans.

Two thirds of planet Earth is covered in water.

The Pacific is the world's largest ocean.

The world's worstflood happened in

China in 1877. Onemillion people died.

The AtacamaDesert in Chile isthe driest placeon Earth.

3/4 of your body is water!

Humans can only survive for 3-4 days without water.

Every person in Britain uses around 45,000 litresof water each year!

You should try to drink at least 2 litres of water a day.

Nearly 80% of your brain is water.

The Angel Falls in Venezuela are the world's highest waterfall.

Lake Baikal in Siberia is the world'sdeepest lake – 1,620m.

Water can be solid, liquid or a gas.

The water thedinosaurs drank isthe same water we drinktoday! (Yuk).

Try to find your own amazing facts about water!

It takesone litre ofwater to makea 100g chocolatebar.

Weird and wonderful water facts:

Who uses water?We don’t just drink water. People use water for many things and in many ways in theirdaily lives.

So who uses water, and how and why do they use it?

Group these uses of water under – LEISURE HOME FARMING INDUSTRY

Cleaning Washing machines

Toilet Baths

Washing cars Drinking

Swimming pool Painting

Snorkelling/diving Tea-making

Growing crops Fire-fighting

Power stations Making paper

Shipping transport Water-skiing

Baby's paddling pool Food production

Washing up Washing food

Brushing teeth Dishwashers

Sailing Theme park waterslides

Drinking Jet-washing buildings

Cooking Disinfecting medical equipment

Showering Watering the garden

Now try to think of other ways in which people use waterPerhaps you can illustrate them too!

Water usageHow much water do you use?

Why not keep a water-usage diary for a week for yourself or your whole family?

Example: Dishwasher – Tally: IIII III Number: 8 Total 8 x 55 = 440 litres

TALLY NUMBER TOTALLITRES

Washing machine 110 litres

Dishwasher 55 litres

Washing up 6 litres

Bathroom basin 5 litres (full)

Shower 30 litres

Bath 100 litres

Cleaning teeth 2 litres (tap left on)

Toilet flush 9 litres

Washing hands 0.5 litres

Cup of tea or coffee 0.25 litres

Garden sprinkler 1000 litres per hour

Cooking vegetables 2 litres (per pan)

GRAND TOTAL

Water – saving or wasting?Save water....don’t waste it!

Circle all the ways in which water is being wasted in the picture. Can you spot any ways in which Flo &Squirt are trying to save water? Make a list of ways to save water in your home.

Ask your teacher if you can colour in Flo & Squirt’s picture.

The Water Cycle

Thi

s pi

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e sh

ows

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the

wo

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hat

is c

alle

d ‘T

he W

ater

Cyc

le’.

Using the Water Cycle

Is t

his

a w

ater

cyc

le?

How

we

use

the

the

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ycle

to

supp

ly h

omes

and

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ines

ses

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ycle

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cles

the

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ld’s

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e us

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ater

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the

ir h

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s.S

utto

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ast

Sur

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Wat

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xtra

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the

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ycle

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ts t

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ake

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it is

clea

n an

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fe fo

r pe

ople

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it is

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aste

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Water Cycle & treatmentH

ow w

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Why

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in!

Ideas for saving waterOur tips for saving water inside and outside the homehave got mixed up. Can you put them under the rightheading – INSIDE or OUTSIDE – on a separate pieceof paper?

Collect rainfallin a water-butt

Wash cars bybucket, not hose.

Cut lawns less frequently

When buying household appliancesbuy those which use less water.

Don’t rinse dishes and vegetablesunder a running tap.

Recycle water. Use house-hold water for garden plants.

Don’t run water until it’s cold.Keep a jug of water in the fridge

Showers use lesswater than baths

Adopt low-watering techniques in the garden.

Make sure washing machines andDish-washers use full loads only.

Make your toiletwater-efficient.

Water plants eveningsor mornings only.

Buy plants whichneed less water.

Fix dripping taps

Can you think of any more water saving tips?

Waterjet wordsearchCan you find the missing words hidden in our waterjet wordsearch?

The words have all been mixed up in the water currents and may have to be read horizontally, verticallyor diagonally (up, down, backwards, forwards, sideways – in fact any way as long as it is in a straight line!)

The missing words are:drain hosepipe overflow dripping garden sprinkler bath pluggutter waterbutt dishwasher leak washing machine shower pour bucket stopcock watering can tap swimming pool splash gush

GWATERBUTTHCURV

IPDISHWASHER

KLAQEWIBAXWO

DRIUKAONPROL

RERHCHWLBFHA

AKNOOWAUFASP

IPYSCITWIRKP

NGGOPHEKQBEL

THQAORRAUKEV

ETKUTPIAZSAL

BSEHSTNNUWUE

BASRESGYKGBX

UATKWSCXSLSC

LMCHMEARRYEO

OUNYINNCOMKR

BLSEPGNIPPIR

S W I M M I N G P O O L W A L D

UAB

SSR

HHE

MIT

ONV

WGR

LMU

EAO

PCP

IHE

PIF

ENG

SEH

OWP

HSI

Water safety signs

Write your answers under each symbol

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Watersafe – summerStay safe this summer near water

Can you spot all the water safety hazards in this picture?

There are 10 in total.

Make a list of the unsafe things that are happening or circle them on the picture using a pencil.

Can you think of any more water hazards?

Ask your teacher if you can colour in the picture, or maybe you could design a poster for Flo & Squirt to warn other children about the dangers of water.

Pollution in the countrysideCan you spot all the ways in which pollution is happening in our picture?

There are nine in total.

Can you think of any other ways in which pollution of water happens?

Ask your teacher if you can colour in the picture. Look out for signs of pollution in yourarea.What can you and your class do to look after your environment?