6 april 2006e. gschwendtner, cern ab/atb1 cngs project: secondary beam 1. layout 2. beam...
TRANSCRIPT
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
1
CNGS Project Secondary Beam
1 Layout
2 Beam Instrumentation
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
3
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) K (decay in flight)
vacuum
700m 100m 1000m 67m26m
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
4
035 m
inner conductor
Horn and Reflector Secondary Beam Focusing
Principle of Focusing
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
5
Horn AND Reflector
Target
400GeVprotons
50GeV35GeV
22GeV
Horn Reflector
Focalising particles of all energies
Focalising many particles
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
3
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) K (decay in flight)
vacuum
700m 100m 1000m 67m26m
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
4
035 m
inner conductor
Horn and Reflector Secondary Beam Focusing
Principle of Focusing
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
5
Horn AND Reflector
Target
400GeVprotons
50GeV35GeV
22GeV
Horn Reflector
Focalising particles of all energies
Focalising many particles
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
3
CNGS Layout
p + C (interactions) K (decay in flight)
vacuum
700m 100m 1000m 67m26m
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
4
035 m
inner conductor
Horn and Reflector Secondary Beam Focusing
Principle of Focusing
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
5
Horn AND Reflector
Target
400GeVprotons
50GeV35GeV
22GeV
Horn Reflector
Focalising particles of all energies
Focalising many particles
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
4
035 m
inner conductor
Horn and Reflector Secondary Beam Focusing
Principle of Focusing
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
5
Horn AND Reflector
Target
400GeVprotons
50GeV35GeV
22GeV
Horn Reflector
Focalising particles of all energies
Focalising many particles
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
5
Horn AND Reflector
Target
400GeVprotons
50GeV35GeV
22GeV
Horn Reflector
Focalising particles of all energies
Focalising many particles
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
6
Horn amp Reflector
Unit HORN System REFLECTOR System
Load Peak current kA 150 180
Transformer ratio 16 32
Primary current peak A 9375 5625
Load inductance microH 27 x 16 x 16 = 691 15 x 32 x 32 = 1540
Total inductance with 4 cables microH 1210 2046
Load resistance m 06 x 16 x 16 = 154 021 x 32 x 32 = 215
Total resistance with 4 cables m 328 495
Total capacitance for one pulse microF 4080 4080
Pulse duration ms 75 10
Charging voltage V 7700 6300
Total stored energy kJ 2 x 119 = 238 2 x 80 = 160
Load max voltage V 280 150
Mean power dissipated by current only (2 pulses) kW 16 105
Total power dissipated (with beam)
kW 26 165
Water flow for delta T=5C lmin 70 70
Pressure bar 12 12
Length (magnetic volume) 665 m
Total length 745 m Diameter 70 cm Material Al alloy 6082 Water cooling distributed
spray nozzles
Every 6s
50ms
I
t
Horn
Main Parameters
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
7Installation of the horn in the target chamber
Horn
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
8
Horn amp Reflector Powering
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
9
Helium Tubes
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
10
Decay Tube
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
11
Decay Tube
steel pipe 1mbar 994m long 245m diameter entrance window 3mm Ti exit window 50mm carbon steel
water cooled
April 2004 vacuum tests ok
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
12
Shutter
Decay tube is closed with rarr 3mm Titanium window
Must be protected by a
lsquoshutterrsquo when access
rarr Hardware Interlocked
1 Layout Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
13
graphite
cooling modules
Hadron Stopfinished Sept 2003
bullCooling modules stainless steel tubes in Al blocksbull Several temperature sensors (both in target chamber and in hadron stop)
Hadron Stop
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
14
2 Secondary Beam Instrumentation
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
15
434m100m
1095m 18m 5m 5m67m
27m
CNGS Secondary Beam Instrumentation
TBID2IonCh Muon Detectors
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream IonCh Ionization Chamber
Cross-hair2IonCh
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
16
TBID + 2 Ionization Chambers
TBID2 IonCh LR
Purpose Check efficiency with which protons are converted into
secondaries rarr Multiplicity (Compare with BFCT upstream of the target)
rarr Misalignment of the Beam
Ionization Chamber used as back-up
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
17
TBID
U
D
L R
L RBSPH BSPV
DUBSI BSH
BSPH Horizontal beam position
BSPHV Vertical beam position
BSIBeam intensity
BSHHalo foil
TBID Target Beam Instrumentation Downstream
L RU
D
BSI
Bias
Beam
TBID Monitor Secondary emission monitor 12 microm Ti foils better than 10-4 mbar vacuum
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
18
Cross-Hair + 2 Ionization Chambers
Cross-Hairobserved by 2 IonCh LR
Monitors
Motivation for cross-hair and 2 ionization chambers CNGS proton beam direction is important additional more accurate information on proton beam angle
(works only without target and with hornreflector off) angular accuracy achieved by BPMs (11 m apart) is limited target chamber is gt 100 m longhellip bigger lever arm additional ldquoactiverdquo detector is difficult expensive
rarrNuMIFermilab invention
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
19
Cross-Hair
Installation slightly off-axis (10mm) gives the sign of the offset avoids over-heating the metal
when beam on axis
Monitors
Layoutbull 4mm widebull appendix 10mm longbull 20mm thick along the beam-axis
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
beam
Cross-hair beam view(schematic)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
20
Muon Monitors
Monitoring of muon intensity muon beam profile shape muon beam profile centre
Muon intensity Up to 77x107 per cm2 and 105micros
Monitors 2 muon detectors with each 17
fixed monitors + 1 movable monitor (ionization chambers)
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
21
Muon Monitor Layout
micro
17 fixed monitors (Ionization Chambers) Possibility to double number of monitors
1 movable chamber behind fixed monitors for relative calibration Movement by stepping motors
BLMs (Beam Loss Monitors for LHC) Parallel electrodes separated by 05 cm Stainless steel cylinder Al electrodes N2 gas filling at 100 mbar over pressure Diameter=89cm length=60cm 15 litre
2 Sec Beam Instrumentation
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
22
3 Commissioning Plans for the Secondary Beam
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
23
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check p-beam angle
Collimatorrsquos Ionization Chambers Cross-Hair with Ionization Chambers Muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out p-beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers Observe rates in TBID Observe rates in muon monitors
Target In ndash Horns In ndash TED Out Initial calibration of monitors Check for different beam settings
Muon monitors
Secondary Beam Commissioning Steps
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
24
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 0
5mm 0
7mm 32 107
10mm 74 107
Check proton beam angle Collimatorrsquos ionization chambers
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
25
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Check proton beam angle
Cross-hair and its ionization chambers
Beam displacement
Charged hadrons [partcm21012pot]
No X-hair 09 106
Hit X-hair (10cm) 2 106
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
26
Target Out ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Check proton beam angle Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
27
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out
Number of particlesprimary proton hitting the TBID in different injection conditions
0 mm 1 mm 2 mm 3 mm 4 mm
All particles 758 425 262 76 41
Charged particles 206 196 123 40 25
Electrons126 118 70 16 05
Charged hadrons 79 77 53 24 19
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5
beam misalignment [mm]m
ultip
licity
multiplicity
Proton beam scan across the target Observe rates in TBID
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
28
All charged particles fluence in the right BLM
1E-09
1E-07
2E-07
3E-07
4E-07
5E-07
6E-07
7E-07
1E-05 1E-04 1E-03 1E-02 1E-01 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03
Energy [GeV]
Normal case
+1 mm disp beam
+2 mm disp beam
+5 mm disp beam
Charged particle fluence for misaligned beam in the IonCh
1mm
0mm
2mm
5mm
Par
tcm
2 po
t
Target In ndash Horns Off ndash TED Out Proton beam scan across the target
Observe rates in Ionization Chambers at the TBID scan p-beam
position plusmn5mm angle plusmn 05mrad
Beam displacement Charged particles [partcm21012pot]
0mm 64 105
1mm 62 105
2mm 37 105
5mm 14 104
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
29
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out
Observe signals on muon monitors
Initial calibration of monitors in both muon chambers (103-108 microcm2 in 10micros) (with hornreflector on for higher muon flux) Checkadjust cross-calibration of microndashmonitoring by scanning the motorized monitor across
the grid of fixed monitors
Configuration1st muon pit 2nd muon pit
[muonscm21013pot]
Target IN
Magn Field ON23 107 36 105
Target IN
Magn Field OFF12 106 17 105
Target OUT
Magn Field OFF13 106 32 104
Check muon monitors (TBID amp IonCh) for Target in Horn offon Horn amp reflector offon Horn amp reflector on with negative polarity Horn amp reflector on with 10 less current
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
30
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Parallel proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
31
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Angular proton beam misalignment
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
32
Target In ndash Horns On ndash TED Out Target horn reflector OnOff
Muon monitors
3 Commissioning Plans
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
33
Outlook
Installation complete
Manipulation Exchange exercises of components in Target Chamber in progress
Commissioning with beam to start week 22 (29 May 2006)
CNGS beam operational after week 27 (July 2006)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
34
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
35
Additional Slides
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
36
CNGS ProjectCNGS (CERN Neutrino Gran Sasso)
A long base-line neutrino beam facility (732km) send beam produced at CERN detect appearance in OPERA experiment at Gran Sasso
direct proof of - oscillation (appearance experiment)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
37
Radiological Issues
Beam on lt 100Svh outside the horn shielding lt 2Svh in service gallery
Beam off- immediately afterwards 100mSvh
For intervention dose rate lt 2mSvintervention (CERN rule)
Examples 1 week shutdown to change a motor of the target 1 month shutdown to exchange the horn
Only possible because most is remotely handled
Access is controlled
with lsquoradiation vetorsquo
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
38
LeftRight Asymmetry
All charged particles
TBID positive[partcm2primary]
TBID negative[partcm2primary]
gt Ecut off (~1MeV) gt Ecut off (~1MeV)
0 mm 93E-2 93E-2
1 mm 88E-2 87E-2
2 mm 58E-2 53E-2
3 mm 24E-2 14E-2
5 mm 17E-2 50E-3
7 mm 61E-2 49E-2
10 mm 125E-2 110E-2
RL
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
39
Halo
number of particles (725 ndash R)Total
Ratio =
Moving the beam horizontally the ratio falls off when R = x
R asymp 09 cm ratio = 90 R asymp 34 cm ratio = 50 Charged particles
Beam in nominal position
R=087
Beam position x=3mm
R=063
R725
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
40
Muon Monitor
micro
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
41
Muon Profilesp
art
cm2
1013
pot micro
107
105
Beam dump extent
1st muon pit
An updated calculation of neutron fluence in the CNGS first muon pit
A Ferrari A Guglielmi PR Sala
microc
m2
1013
pot
105
104
target in magnetic field target in no magnetic field no target
2nd muon pit
FLUKA simulations(P Sala not published)
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
42
Muon Monitor
3 Instrumentation Sec Beam
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
43
Muon Pit 1
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
44
Muon Pit 2
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
45
Muon Profiles
0
2
4
6
8
10x 10-3
0 20 40 600
4
8
12
16
20x 107
-2 -1 0 1 20
x 105
-2 -1 0 1 2
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1st micro-chambergt 20-23GeV
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
+ (
10
13 p
ot
cm2)-
1
r (m) r (m)
Mis-aligned case Aligned case
2nd micro-chambergt 30-35GeV
fast simulation
Example 6 mm horn neck lateral displacement
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
46
Raise intensity gradually
Check linearity of all monitors vs BFCT
Repeat calibration of the muon monitors with the moving monitor at different beam intensities
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
47
CNGS Performance
For CNGS performance the main issues are the geodesic alignment wrt Gran Sasso
Examples effect on ντ cc events
horn off axis by 6mm lt 3reflector off axis by 30mm lt 3proton beam on target lt 3off axis by 1mm
CNGS facility misaligned lt 3by 05mrad (beam 360m off)
the beam must hit the target very accurately for target resistance and environmental reasons
3 Commissioning Steps
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
48
Commissioning Plans
Hardware commissioning Feb ndash April 2006 Beam instrumentations Power supplies Magnets (polarities) Vacuum system
lsquoDry runsrsquo April ndash May 2006 Timing Controls Interlocks Beam permit Magnets (currents amp polarities)
Commissioning with beam 2006 weeks 22 25 and 27v
4 OP Relevant Issues
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line
6 April 2006 E Gschwendtner CERN ABATB
49
CNGS protons 400 GeV from SPS
SPS cycles for CNGS 2x105 s extr t=50ms 6 s cycle
SPS Cycles for CNGS
SPS Cycle Proposal for 2006 Commissioning
12s FT + 6s CNGS Run 1
12s FT + 6s CNGS + 48s MD Run 2
12s FT + 3x6s CNGS + 48s MD
2 Proton Beam Line