Chapter 3

communication The clear exchange of ideas and information

What Is Communication?

Successful communication is at the root of healthy relationships.

relationship A connection you have with another person or group

What Is Communication?

Person PersonMessages

body language Facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, and posture

Different Ways to Communicate

The main way people communicate is through language.

Another way to communicate is through body language.

Different Ways to Communicate

Different ways to communicate include: Face-to-face Telephone Written messages E-mail Text messaging Sign language

Safety Online

Make sure that a parent or guardian gives you permission to communicate with others online.Make sure that a parent or guardian gives you permission to communicate with others online.

Never give out information about yourself or your family.Never give out information about yourself or your family.

Stay out of unsupervised chat rooms.Stay out of unsupervised chat rooms.

Never agree to meet anyone in person.Never agree to meet anyone in person.

If an online conversation makes you feel uncomfortable, exit and tell a parent or other adult.

If an online conversation makes you feel uncomfortable, exit and tell a parent or other adult.

Different Ways to Communicate

There are advantages and disadvantages to different kinds of communication.

When talking on the telephone or sending e-mail, visual clues such as facial expressions are absent.

Using Good Communication Skills

Outbound (“Sending”) Inbound (“Receiving”)

Think, then speak Listen actively

Use “I” messages Ask questions

Make clear, simple statements Mirror thoughts and feelings

Be honest with your thoughts and feelings

Use appropriate body language

Use appropriate body language Wait your turn

Communication Styles

An aggressive communicator might say something rude.

A shy (passive) communicator may say nothing at all.

An assertive communicator isn’t shy or aggressive about expressing him or herself.

Lesson 3

Friendships

friendship A special type of relationship between people who enjoy being together

Who Are Your Friends?

A friendship is an important relationship.

Who Are Your Friends?

Tips for Making FriendsTips for Making Friends

Get to know yourself

Get to know yourself

Break theice

Break theice

Join a clubor group

Join a clubor group

Offer ahelping hand

Offer ahelping hand

Character Traits of Good Friends

Good friends have the following character traits:

reliable DependableReliable

Loyal loyal Faithful

Empathy empathy The ability to identify and share another person’s feelings

Building Strong Friendships

You can build stronger friendships through cooperation.

cooperation Working together for the common good

Another way of making friendships stronger is through mutual respect and support.

Peer Pressure

Peers can give you support and confidence during your transition to adulthood.

peers Friends and other people in your age group

Positive Peer Pressure

Positive peer pressure can influence healthful choices and inspire you to improve yourself or do something worthwhile.

peer pressure The influence that people your age may have on you

Positive Peer Pressure

Positive peer pressure can inspire you to improve yourself or do something worthwhile.

Inspiring you to improve your health and appearance, or to perform well on a team, are ways to be positive influences.

Negative Peer Pressure

Daring someone to behave in a dangerous or illegal way is an example of negative peer pressure.

A challenge to go against your beliefs or values is another example of negative peer pressure.

Lesson 4

Refusal Skills

What Are Refusal Skills?

When peer pressure builds, use refusal skills to avoid potentially harmful situations.

refusal skills Ways of saying no

What Are Refusal Skills?

s

T

O

P

Say no in a firm voice.

Tell why not.

Offer other ideas.

Promptly leave.

What Is Abstinence?

Abstinence protects your health and the health of others.

abstinence Not participating in health-risk behaviors

Abstinence shows you have self-control.

What Is Abstinence?

Abstaining fromtobacco use…

Abstaining fromalcohol and other drugs…

Abstaining fromsexual activity…

Protects your lungs and heart.

Protects your body and mind.

Protects you against pregnancy andsexually transmitted diseases.

Refusal Skills Scenarios

Jose hands you a baggie full of marihuana and asks you to hold it “Just ‘till school is over”. What do you do?

Callahan invites you over to his house. He tells you that his parents are not home and that you can try beer. What do you do?

Sam met some “ladies” in a chat room. He tells you he is meeting them on his way home from school, and wants you to come with. What do you do?

Todd invites you over to his house after school. His parents are going to be there, and would like to speak to your parents to see if it’s OK. What do you do?

conflicts Disagreements in ideas, beliefs, or interests

What are Conflicts?

The first step in preventing conflicts is understanding what causes them.

Causes of Conflict

Causes of conflict include:Difference of opinionJealousyPrejudice

prejudice An opinion or fear formed without having facts or firsthand knowledge

The Myth of Positive Prejudice

Some kinds of prejudice can seem positive. For example,

saying all French people are good cooks may sound like

a compliment. However, it is really a form of prejudice.

Prejudices assume things about people based on their

race, culture, or the groups they belong to.

Preventing Conflicts

Good communication skills and tolerance are good tools to help prevent conflicts.

tolerance The ability to accept other people as they are

Resolving Conflicts

Know when to walk away Refuse to fight Don’t take sides Seek help if a fight breaks out

Reaching a Compromise

Compromise is an important conflict-resolution skill.

compromise A skill in which each side gives up something in order to reach an agreeable solution

A compromise should not go against your values.

Reaching a Compromise

A compromise sometimes requires negotiation.

negotiation The process of talking about a conflict and deciding how to reach a compromise

Reaching a Compromise

The T.A.L.K. strategy is an effective way of resolving conflicts.

T

A

L

K

Take a time-out.

Allow each person to tell his or her side.

Let each person ask questions.

Keep brainstorming.

Reaching a Compromise

Some schools offer peer mediation as an option for conflict-resolution.

peer mediation A process in which a specially trained studentlistens to both sides of an argument to help the people reach a solution

When Conflicts Get Out of Hand

Conflicts that get out of hand can lead to violence.

violence The use of physical force to harm someone or something

Violence is a growing problem in the United States.

When Conflicts Get Out of Hand

In some communities, there is gang violence.

gang A group whose members often use violence or take part in criminal activity

Some teens join gangs because of peer pressure, or they seek a sense of belonging that is missing in their lives.

Avoiding Violence

Learn and practiceself-control.

Do not fight orthreaten others.

Don’t wear clothingthat could be

mistaken for gangclothing.

If you carry a purse,carry it across

your chest.

Stay clear ofharmful situations.

Don’t go to partiesthat might includedrugs or alcohol.

If someone has aweapon, report it.

Be an advocateof peace.

Use goodcommunication skills.

Protecting Yourself from Violence

Do not open thedoor to anyone you

don’t know.

When going out, tell yourfamily where you are

going and how you willget there.

Keep doors andwindows locked.

When walking home,try to walk in pairs, or

with a group.

Never tell visitorsor callers you are alone.

Stay in familiarneighborhoods.

Never get into or gonear a stranger’s car.

Do not enter a buildingwith a stranger.

If someone tries tograb you, yell “don’t touch

me there” andrun away.Call 911.

ABSTINENCE ENVIRONMENT PEERS

ADVOCACY FRIENDSHIP PHYSICAL HEALTH

ATTITUDE GOAL PREVENTION

BEHAVIOR HABIT REFUSAL SKILLS

BODY LANGUAGE HEALTH RELATIONSHIP

COMMUNICATION HEALTH SKILLS RELIABLE

CONSEQUENCES HEREDITY RISK

COOPERATION LONG-TERM GOAL SHORT-TERM GOAL

CULTURE LOYAL SOCIAL HEALTH

CUMULATIVE RISK MEDIA TECHNOLOGY

DECISIONSMENTAL/EMOTIONAL

HEALTHVALUES

EMPATHY PEER PRESSURE WELLNESS