5/3/2011 - world banksiteresources.worldbank.org/intchd/resources/430063... · 2011-05-03 ·...

5/3/2011

1

Heritage Economics Workshop of the ICOMOS Economics Committee

May 2011 The World Bank

Spatial Analysisfor Heritage Economics

in Historic Cities

Christian OstProfessor, ICHEC Brussels Management School

Former Chair, ISCEC, ICOMOSScholar 2008‐09, Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles

Spatial Analysis for Heritage Economics in Historic Cities

Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values

SYSTEM OF CITIESMonitoring Urbanization for Growth

and Poverty AlleviationTHE WORLD BANK

Non use valuesUse values and Real Estate

Use values and Tourism

Use values and Macroecon.Economic LandscapeDjenné

Heritage Economics Workshop of the ICOMOS Economics Committee ‐May 2011 – The World Bank

je éTypologyProject

Conclusions

5/3/2011

2


Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use valuesNon use valuesUse values and Real Estate





Conclusions

Economic Values Economics of Culture


Chr. Ost


Maps

Survey Techniques (Statistics)

MappingTechniques (GIS)

IndicatorsNon use valuesUse values and Real Estate




Spatial AnalysisProject Evaluation,

Monitoring, Strategic analysis

Urban Policies


Conclusions

5/3/2011

3

SPATIAL

ANALYSIS Holistic Approach


Chr. Ost


MAPS

NDICATO

RS

‐ Occupancy vs. vacancy ‐ Use of buildings;‐ Property and rental values;‐ Property values (heritage vs.‐ Housing affordability;‐ Nonresident occupatip,









IVALU

ES Non Use Values

Use Values related to Real Estate

Direct Use Values from Tourism

Indirect Use Values from Tourism

Use Values from Macro

Impact


Conclusions

Contingent ValuationMethodSpatial Analysis for Heritage Economics in Historic Cities

Chr. Ost






Conclusions

5/3/2011

4

Contingent ValuationMethod


Chr. Ost






Conclusions

Vacancy of buildings

= Lower (real estate) use values


Chr. Ost


Property prices

correlated to higher vacancyrate, and worse

conditions

Towardsintegrated

conservation, real estate and





Conditions of heritagebuildings

estate , and housing policies


Conclusions

5/3/2011

5

* Access to the heritage: all‐year round, seasonal, once or twice a year;* Admission fees (including free access);* Carrying capacity and visitor rate as a percentage of

Some Indicators for Use Values from Visit/Tourism


Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values y g p y p g

carrying capacity;* Number of visitors;* Assisted and guided visits, availability of audio‐equipment, museum of the monument, monument store;* Visitor behavior (satisfaction, time spent);* Parking, transportation, guided tour;* Average expenditures per visitor per day (time spent in the city, number of stays);





* Sales related to visitors;* Heritage‐related events organized in the city (festival, exhibition, artistic performance).


Conclusions

Direct Use Values from Visit/Tourism


Chr. Ost





Monuments Admissions= Free access

Buffer zonesje é

TypologyProject

Conclusions

5/3/2011

6

Direct + Indirect Use Values from Visit/Tourism


Chr. Ost






Conclusions

Direct + Indirect Use Values from Visit/Tourism


Chr. Ost


REGULATING THE MARKET:The absolute number of





shops, bars, restaurants on the Rialto Bridge and on St. Mark’s Square is limited to 870. Store licenses from other parts of the city are non‐transferable to these two areas.


Conclusions

5/3/2011

7

Heritage‐related

Activity

Macroeconomic

Indicators

Mapping Units

Heritage open day Expenditures made

during the event (use

values)

Places where

expenditures are

made

Use Values from Macroeconomic Impacts


Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values values) made

Income from tourist‐

related activities re‐spent

in the economy

Number of jobs,

income generated in

related sectors

Places where jobs

and income are

measured

Property values for non‐

heritage buildings

Property values (use

values)

Parcels, blocks of

properties





New business, due to

heritage conservation

projects

Jobs created, Income

generated

Locations of new

business


Conclusions

Use Values from Macroeconomic Impacts


Chr. Ost


Testing a visualcorrelation between

New business

New jobs





Heritage protection area


Conclusions

5/3/2011

8

Mapping the aggregate economic value

COMPOSITE

INDEX


Chr. Ost






Conclusions

EconomicLandscape

Historic center of the City of Diest, Belgium. Expertise assessment( l 1 5) f


Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values (scale 1 to 5) for

several indicators. Two‐ and three‐D graphical display.






Conclusions

5/3/2011

9

Given the setting of the historic city, the ground configuration,the physical and social features of the city, economic landscapes

ld h diff d h h diff h


Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values could have different patterns expressed through different shapes

(as for an economic Hinterland).





Concentric Linear/Directional Star‐shaped Multiple/Scattered


Conclusions

Mapping economic values in the World historic city of Djenné in Mali


Chr. Ost





Kathleen Louw (Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles)And Yamoussa Fané (Cultural Mission of Djenné), March-April 2009


Conclusions

5/3/2011

10


Chr. Ost






Conclusions


Chr. Ost


Spatial Analysis aims to:

‐ Define protection areas compatible with spatial economic consideration

‐ Prevent future conflict between localNon use valuesUse values and Real Estate



‐ Prevent future conflict between local economic development and historic conservation

‐ Coordinate economic landscape with Historic Urban Landscapes

‐ Provide information to improve housing, tourism , and social issues



Conclusions

5/3/2011

11

Spatial Analysis Applications

There are little non use values, or non equally distributed across thecity

Enhance cultural valuesImprove cultural statusAdvertise the city abroad

Th littl l P t h bilit ti d h i

Towards a Typology of Historic CitiesSpatial Analysis for Heritage Economics in Historic Cities

Chr. Ost

FrameworkNon use values There are little use values, or non

equally distributed across the cityPromote rehabilitation and housingpolicy, Develop cultural tourism, Prevent gentrification

Use values are predominantly attached to a single type of activity

Coordinate city planning withheritage conservationPrevent mass‐tourism

There are little indirect use values related to tourism specifically

Develop tourism accommodationsImprove city infrastructure and





related to tourism specifically Improve city infrastructure andpublic spaces

There are little use values related to macroeconomic impacts in general

Attract new businesses and investments, Organize city events,Reduce macroeconomic leakages


Conclusions


Chr. Ost


Spatial Analysis aims to:

‐ Identify and measure the economic returns of conservation projectsNon use values

Use values and Real Estate



returns of conservation projects

‐ Display the economic impact and values of conservation projects

‐ Guide city authorities or heritage caretakers in their assessment /implementation of conservation projects



Conclusions

5/3/2011

12

Stakeholders Items Values Indicators Maps

Residents Occupation Use values from realestate

Rental values


Chr. Ost


Visitors Benefit fromthe visit

Use values from tourism

Admision fees, Visits

Population atlarge

Existence , Bequest values

Non use values Willingness‐to‐pay





Business, Shops,Services

Residents and vsitorsexpenditures

Indirect use values, Macro use values

Jobs, Income


Conclusions


Chr. Ost


CONCLUSIONS

“ It is easy to dodge our responsibilities, but we cannot dodge the consequences of dodging our responsibilities ”




Josiah Charles Stamp1880‐1941 Economist

President of the Bank of England



Conclusions

5/3/2011

13

Thank You


Chr. Ost


christian ost@ichec be





[email protected] éTypologyProject

Conclusions

5/3/2011 - world banksiteresources.worldbank.org/intchd/resources/430063... · 2011-05-03 ·...

Documents