5th period - Maggie Dykshorn, Mitchell Hooyer, Jackie Scott, BJ O’Donnell

Mixture of Fantasy vs. Fact5th Century

King Riothamus – Geoffrey Asche6th Century

Monk, Gildas, writes De Excidio Britanniae (Concerning the Ruin of Britain)

British rally behind Ambrosius Aurelianus against the Saxons

8th CenturyMonk, Nennius, writes of Arthur in 12

victories over the SaxonsParamount battle: Mount Badon

Geoffrey of Monmouth – Historia Regum BritanniaeIncludes story of ArthurBased upon mysterious ancient text handed

down by Archdeacon of OxfordNot disproved, but very unlikely and much

evidence againstSome truth, but much of Geoffrey’s romantic fantasy is probable

-Legend is that Arthur drew a sword (Excalibur) from a stone proving that he was the true heir to the British throne.- The Latin word for stone is saxo; the invaders of Britain were Saxon. The original story had King Arthur killing a Saxon leader and pulling his sword from the dead body. In that day, everything was copied by scribes, and it is possible that when it was written the ‘n’ was left off of the word Saxon, so it appear that Arthur pulled the sword from a saxo.

Another legend is that King Arthur receives Excalibur, which was made on the Isle of Avalon. The sword was returned to the Lady of the Lake on the mortal wounding of King Arthur at Camlann.

-Merlin was a wizard. It is questionable whether this man actually existed.

-Legend has it that on the request of Uther Pendragon, Merlin moved giant stones and created Stonehenge.

Suggested in legends written by Chrétien de Troyes

Kept in a mysterious castle

King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table were

ordered by God to retrieve the Grail

Whoever discovered the Grail would sit at the Siege

Perilous

3 different knights have been known to achieve the quest

in different legends: Galahad, Lancelot, and Perceval

Arthur and his knights traveled across Britain in their

pursuit. They went through many perilous tasks that at

times resulted in death

1st described by Norman poet Robert Wace in 1155

To promote equality among knights/baronsSaid to seat 12, 150, or 1500+Stood for order/codeCreated by Merlin for Uther Pendragon, Arthur’s FatherSiège Perilous ('danger-seat') left empty, reserved for true Grail-Knight

Capital of the Kingdom of ArthurLate 5th or Early 6th Century

Cadbury Castle in SomersetCastle Hall in Winchester – round table hangs on wall 13th century

25 nights of Winchester:Galahad, Lancelot, Bedivere, etc.

To never lay down armsTo seek after wondersWhen called upon, to defend the rights of the weak

with all one's strengthTo injure no oneNot to attack one anotherTo fight for the safety of one's country To give one's life for one's country To seek nothing before honour Never to break faith for any reasonTo practice religion most diligentlyTo grant hospitality to anyone, each according to his

abilityWhether in honour or disgrace, to make a report

with the greatest fidelity to truth to those who keep the annals

Given to them by King Arthur when made Knight

Love of God, men, and noble deeds

Cross – attain the Holy Grail

Red Dragon of King Arthur

Round Table significance: Equality Unity Chivalry

Camelot, musical (1960) The Sword in the Stone, Disney (1963) Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1974) King Arthur (2004) Spamalot, musical (2004) Merlin, BBC TV series (2008-present) Camelot, Starz TV series (2010-present)

Spamalot, musical

It has been speculated as to the ethnic background of King Arthur…

http://www.kingarthursknights.com/knights/ http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/FAQ-Arthur.htm http://www.castles.me.uk/knights-round-table.htm http://www.arthurian-legend.com/more-about/more-about-arthur-3

.php http://www.camelotintl.com/legend/index.php http://imdb.com http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/mythical/grail.html http://www.britannia.com/history/arthur/grail.html http://www.chivalrynow.net/grail.htm http://www.legendofkingarthur.co.uk/ http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=ii http://badgerbadgerbadger.com/