AIRCRAFT TOILET/ LAVATORY SYSTEMAIRCRAFT TOILET/ LAVATORY SYSTEM

TOPICS OUTLINE: TOPICS OUTLINE: Introduction Introduction Types of ToiletsTypes of Toilets

Removable ToiletRemovable Toilet Reusable Liquid Flush Type Reusable Liquid Flush Type Vacuum ToiletVacuum Toilet

Toilet EquipmentsToilet Equipments Miscellaneous equipmentMiscellaneous equipment Dispenser equipmentDispenser equipment Disposal equipmentDisposal equipment

Toilet Ventilation SystemToilet Ventilation System VenturiVenturi Check valveCheck valve MufflerMuffler Galley vent inletGalley vent inlet RestrictorsRestrictors

Corrosion ControlCorrosion Control

TOILET Number and type of toilets varies according to the size and type of aircraft Toilet compartment constructed as modules Made from glass fibre honeycomb having a decorative finish. Toilet is illuminated by lights located in the ceiling. Smoking is not permitted in the toilet compartment.

lavatories are modular, self contained units each has this equipment:

* Air sickness bag and sanitary napkin dispenser

* Ashtray (interior and exterior)

* Assist handle

* Attendant call button and reset switch

* Coat hook

* Diaper changing table (some installations)

lavatories are modular, self contained units each has this equipment:

* Air sickness bag and sanitary napkin dispenser

* Ashtray (interior and exterior)

* Assist handle

* Attendant call button and reset switch

* Coat hook

* Diaper changing table (some installations)

Toilet serviceToilet service

-One toilet installed in the cargo aircraft, figuration vary.- Each toilet with an enclosed toilet tank and is pressurised.

-Sink unit containing a water heater and storage units.

- Cold water is directly supplied, hot water via the heater.

-Water from the sink units drain out through the drain mast.

TOILETS

REMOVEABLE TOILETS Removable or portable toilet is the simplest

type of aircraft toilet, fitted in the smaller types of aircraft. Called an Elson toilet

Consist of bin containing a quantity of disinfectant and deodorant.

End of the flight the toilet is removed from the aircraft and emptied.

Are normally secured by a quick release method of attachment such as pip pins.

-An electrically powered flushing unit which collects the waste material in a waste tank and combines it with the flushing agent by chemical and mechanical treatment.

- The unit is primed initially with 3 gallons of a concentrated solution of disinfectant, deodorant and dye.

LIQUID FLUSH TOILETS

LIQUID FLUSH TOILETS

Most common type in passenger aircraft

Each toilet is completely self contained, its waste collection tank mounted directly below the toilet bowl.

Waste tank is made of stainless steel and has a capacity of 17 gallons, with a minimum of 5 gallons of concentrated solution containing disinfectant and dye

Last for approximately one hundred usages, then should be emptied, cleaned and recharged

Electric toilet flush motors must be fitted with a suitable thermal protection device (fuse or circuit breaker) to prevent them overheating due to failure of the control circuit, control circuit components, the motor or pump.

VACUUM TOILETS

As liquid flush toilet As liquid flush toilet create a riskcreate a risk of of corrosion and corrosion and takes time to drain and takes time to drain and replenish each toilet.replenish each toilet.

Vacuum toilets overcome these problemsVacuum toilets overcome these problems by by having dry toilet assemblies and is having dry toilet assemblies and is connected to a centralized storage tank by connected to a centralized storage tank by pipelines.pipelines.

Uses an Uses an evacuated waste containerevacuated waste container. . When toilet bowl is flushed, a valve opens When toilet bowl is flushed, a valve opens

and the waste is sucked along the pipeline and the waste is sucked along the pipeline into the storage tank then clean water from into the storage tank then clean water from the drinking water tank is used to rinse the the drinking water tank is used to rinse the bowl and goes to the waste tank.bowl and goes to the waste tank.

1.1. If the aircraft is below If the aircraft is below 16,000 feet, the 16,000 feet, the vacuum blowers are switched on.vacuum blowers are switched on.

2.2. One second later, a water valve is opened One second later, a water valve is opened and pumps 6 to 8 ounces of water to the and pumps 6 to 8 ounces of water to the rinse ring to clean the toilet bowl. rinse ring to clean the toilet bowl.

3.3. A flush valve opens for A flush valve opens for fourfour seconds to seconds to allow the waste to be sucked into the allow the waste to be sucked into the waste tank.waste tank.

4.4. After the cycle is completed the vacuum After the cycle is completed the vacuum blowers are switched off and the timer blowers are switched off and the timer prepares for the next cycle.prepares for the next cycle.

VACUUM TOILETS

TOILET SYSTEMS SERVICE PANEL

Each toilet system has its own external Each toilet system has its own external service panel service panel situated on the lower surface of situated on the lower surface of the aircraft, allow the system to be drained the aircraft, allow the system to be drained and flushed. and flushed.

After flushing , a leak check is carried out on After flushing , a leak check is carried out on the toilet drain outlet. As leakage from this the toilet drain outlet. As leakage from this point can result in the formation of ice which point can result in the formation of ice which might damage the aircraft.might damage the aircraft.

Water spilled on the toilet floor is drained via a Water spilled on the toilet floor is drained via a small diameter drain line, into the toilet waste small diameter drain line, into the toilet waste tank drain line. tank drain line.

Toilet waste drain fitting is heated electrically Toilet waste drain fitting is heated electrically to prevent the freezing of any liquid in the to prevent the freezing of any liquid in the drain line. drain line.

TOILET EQUIPMENTTOILET EQUIPMENT Three typesThree types

aa. . Miscellaneous EquipmentMiscellaneous Equipment – include floor – include floor covering, mirror, coat hook, assist handle, covering, mirror, coat hook, assist handle, electric razor socket, accessory shelf and ash electric razor socket, accessory shelf and ash traytray

b. b. Dispenser EquipmentDispenser Equipment – includes towels, – includes towels, sanitary napkins, toilet paper, cleansing sanitary napkins, toilet paper, cleansing tissue, paper toilet seat covers, sickness bags, tissue, paper toilet seat covers, sickness bags, paper cup and soap.paper cup and soap.

c. c. Disposal EquipmentDisposal Equipment – this include the – this include the means of disposing of towels, razor blade, means of disposing of towels, razor blade, sick bags and sanitary napkins.sick bags and sanitary napkins.

TOILET VENTILATION SYSTEM

The galleys and toilets are ventilated by allowing pressurized cabin air to escape to atmosphere.

The galley are ventilated through vent inlets in the ceiling panel.

The toilet compartment are vented by air flowing through a gap between the toilet shroud and the toilet bowl flange, and into the vent duct located beneath the toilet shroud.

TOILET VENTILATION SYSTEM

System consists of the following components.

1.Venturi – limits the outflow of cabin air when aircraft is pressurized.

2.Check Valve – prevents back flow through the ventilation system.

3.Muffler – deadens duct noise in the galley ventilation system.4.Galley vent Inlet – picking up galley odours5.Restrictors – These balance the airflow between galley units and toilet compartment.

FIRE PRECAUTIONS – TOILETS IN AIRCRAFT OVER 5700 kg MTWA

Airworthiness Notice No.83Airworthiness Notice No.83 requires that: requires that: All All toilet wastetoilet waste containers, provided for containers, provided for

flammable materials must be flammable materials must be inspected inspected every every 72 hours72 hours elapsed time, inspection must ensure elapsed time, inspection must ensure that all entry flaps or doors operate, seal and that all entry flaps or doors operate, seal and latch correctly. Any defects found, must be latch correctly. Any defects found, must be corrected.corrected.

Containers for used towels, papers and waste, Containers for used towels, papers and waste, are made from materials are made from materials resistant to fire. resistant to fire.

Smoking is not permitted in toilet compartment. Smoking is not permitted in toilet compartment.

CABIN AND TOILET FIRE PROTECTION – AIRCRAFT OVER 5700 kg CABIN AND TOILET FIRE PROTECTION – AIRCRAFT OVER 5700 kg MTWAMTWA

Airworthiness Notice no. 60Airworthiness Notice no. 60 requires a smoke requires a smoke detector in each toilet compartment. detector in each toilet compartment.

The smoke detector must operate a warning The smoke detector must operate a warning light and or aural warning in the passenger light and or aural warning in the passenger cabin, also operate a warning light on the flight cabin, also operate a warning light on the flight deck. deck.

It is recommended that It is recommended that built in firebuilt in fire extinguishersextinguishers be fitted in each toilet waste be fitted in each toilet waste container and the container and the fire access pointsfire access points be built be built into toilet waste containers, to ensure efficient into toilet waste containers, to ensure efficient distribution of extinguishant from hand held distribution of extinguishant from hand held fire extinguishers. fire extinguishers. ( BCF type )( BCF type )