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4G LTE

Vivek Datar, Anand Jayaraman, David Mindel

Session ID: BRKSPM-2129

• Introduction

• 4G LTE: Understanding market transitions

• Travel the last mile with us

• Deployment and Troubleshooting

• Q&A

Agenda

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

How 4G LTE Technology Evolved: 1997–2014

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

GPRSRel'97

EDGERel'99

EDGERel'4

WCDMARel'99

HSDPA HSUPA LTE

Mill

ise

co

nd

s

User Delay Perception

2GDigital, circuit

switched

3GIP (packet

switched) fordata only

“3.5G”IP for data

only

4G (LTE)IP (for bothdata and

voice)

Bandwidth

64 Kbps 3 Mbps

21 Mbps

100 Mbps

Fre

quency

Fre

quency

Fre

quency

Sub-C

hannel

(Gro

up o

f

Fre

quencie

s)

Sub-C

hannel

(Gro

up o

f

Fre

quencie

s)

FDMA

TDMA

CDMA

OFMA

OFDMA

BRKSPM-2129 3

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4BRKSPM-2129

Technology Revolution

Is Your OrganizationReady for 4G Connectivity?4G LTE Integrated Service Router (ISR)

• Introduction




• Q&A

Agenda


Why is LTE a Last Mile Game Changer?

• Flexible & secure: SPs offering public (Internet) and private network options

• Proven integration with wireline private networks

• Packets encrypted over the air (e.g. AES128)

• Resilient: Wireless! diverse physical path (back hoe can disrupt the T1 and broadband)

• Especially important in times of natural disaster

• Low monthly cost: With high performance (data usage is a consideration)

• Business priority: QoS based on separate bearers over the same LTE connection (single IP address)

• Management and debugging: Strong support for site surveys and FCAPS

• Viable last mile access: Cellular wireless is evolving, closer to capabilities of wireline access

• Increasing use case breadth due to improved speed, latency, availability: 2G 3G 4G

7BRKSPM-2129


Why is LTE a Game changer? (continued)• Immediate deployment option: Disasters, temporary sites, transportation, wireline scarcity

• Out-of-Band access: Replace POTS/modem, lower cost, higher performance

• Future voice service: (VoLTE) a potential SRST option along with FXO lines

8BRKSPM-2129

• Inherent out-of-band management via SMS (we have an app for that)

• Location info via GPS, including geofencing (we have an app for that too)

• Clock sync via GPS for closed/secured systems (yes, another app for that)

• LTE Data usage tracking and alerting (ditto)


Pollev.com/(cisco5)

(cisco5)

<your response>

22333

Poll: How does your organization use LTE for WAN

Text votingWeb voting

BRKSPM-2129 9


Last Mile Access TechnologiesCharacteristic LTE Broadband Wireline Private Wireline

Technology Cellular Wireless Cable, PON, DSL, Metro-E etc. T1, T3, OCX, Metro-E, etc.

Monthly Cost Varies by subscription plan (a number of

bytes/month included). Can be Lowest

cost based on rate plan & monthly usage

Varies by speed and geography. 2X-10X

cost of LTE, but there is generally no

monthly byte count cost consideration.

Varies by speed, geography, and distance

between locations. 10X-20X cost of LTE.

Usage Cost Varies by subscription plan. Charge per

GB over plan, but can pool subscriptions.

Usage caps not common and if in place

may be higher than 100-300 GB/month.

None.

Where it is Available Most locations in the U.S. and most

densely populated locations worldwide.

Locations in urban areas and suburbs,

varies by provider.

Locations in urban areas and suburbs,

varies by provider.

Bandwidth Varies by RF conditions/SP. Asymmetric.

5-60Mbps down, 1-20Mbps up.

Varies, asymmetric or symmetric, 1Mbps-

1Gbps down 384Kbps-1Gbps up

Varies, generally symmetric, 56Kbps-

1Gbps down, 56Kbps-1Gbps up.

Throughput Varies by RF conditions and network

congestion, as “last mile” is shared.

Varies by network congestion, as some

Internet paths are shared.

Consistent.

Availability (Uptime) Varies by RF quality, generally > 99.5% Varies by service, generally > 99.9%. Varies by service, generally > 99.99%.

Provisioning/Installation Varies , usually a few days. Easy to

move LTE routers to new locations.

Varies , usually a few weeks. Moving

existing lines requires re-provisioning.

Varies , usually => 1 month. Moving

existing lines requires re-provisioning.

Usage Restrictions Subscription plans may restrict non-user

traffic frequency, affecting routing

protocols, probes…

Generally none. Generally none.

Mobility Service can be moved to another

location. It can also operate while in

motion (trucks, buses, cars, trains).

None. None.

Security Varies by service, can use public service

with VPN, or can use a private service

(generally as secure as private wireline).

Usually a public service requiring firewall

and VPN.

Private connection does not “touch” public

networks.

Side-Band management SMS, even if data connection down None inherent to the connection. None. Inherent to the connection.

Quality of Service (QoS) Varies by service, SLO vs SLA. Varies by service, SLO vs SLA Varies by service, generally no SLA


How 4G LTE Works

Cellular Provider Network

Customer

Premises

Equipment (CPE)

eNodeB S-GW

P-GW

Cisco® ASR

5500

Logical Next Hop in

Service Provider

Network for ISR

Transparent EPC to

Support Mobility

eNodeB = Cell Tower

P-GW = Packet Data Network Gateway

Layer 3 (IP) Connectivity Between CPE and P-Gateway

EPC = Evolved Packet Core

S-GW = Serving Gateway

Mobile Handset

Packet-Switched

Network

(Internet, MPLS VPN Service,

Private Network, Other)

BRKSPM-2129 11


Private NetworkMain

Site

ATM, Frame

Remote, Temporary

Or Mobile Branch

IPsec/GRE over

Public Internet

3G/4G Wireless

Leased Line

Public or Private N/W

• For branches, kiosks, ATMs, billboards, trains, buses, trucks, substations, construction sites, temporary sites

• Wireline access via leased line, ATM/FR or Ethernet is not available or costly

• Broadband landline Internet access is not available with needed performance/cost

• Provisioning of a site is needed quicker than can be accommodated by wireline access

• A backup or parallel WAN connection with geographic diversity is desired

• There is a need for temporary or movable sites (sporting events)

• Vehicles require WAN connection

12BRKSPM-2129

When to Use LTE for Last Mile Access


Private MPLS3G/4G

Private Wireless

ATM/FR/TDM

or..

Internet - IPsec VPN

or..

3G/4G

Public Wireless

Public InternetConsumer

Services

PGW

Enterprise

Services

PGW

NeM

o H

A

Private

Connection

Public

Connection

Characteristic Public LTE Connection Private LTE Connection

Remote Site Connection CPE Tunnels (NAT not easily bidirectional) CPE Tunnels or network-based (NeMo/PMIP)

LTE WAN IP addressing Public, or RFC1918/NAT’d chosen by SP Private, chosen by enterprise

Enterprise Routing Tunnel-based (e.g. OSPF inside tunnel) Tunnel based or BGP peering with SP

Capex Requires CPE-based head-ends CPE-based or network-based (no capex)

Exposure to Internet Inherently Yes, the degree varies by SP No, unless enterprise network provides access

Encryption CPE-based via DMVPN, etc. CPE-based via GETVPN, DMVPN, etc.

* NeMo supports IPv4, PMIP supports IP v4v6, check with your SP for what they support13BRKSPM-2129

LTE Public Network vs Private Network


Private Network

3G/4G

NeMo/PMIP

3G/4G

DMVPN, GRE, etc.

Private

Connection

Private

Connection

Characteristic CPE Based VPN Network Based VPN.

Remote Site Connection CPE Tunnels (NAT not easily bidirectional) Network-based Tunnels (NeMo/PMIP)

LTE WAN IP addressing Private, chosen by enterprise Private, chosen by enterprise

Enterprise Routing Tunnel-based (e.g. OSPF inside tunnel) BGP peering with SP

Capex Requires CPE-based head-ends Network-based (no capex)

Exposure to Internet No, unless enterprise network provides access No, unless enterprise network provides access

Encryption CPE-based via DMVPN, etc. CPE-based via GETVPN

CPE-Based

Tunnel

Network-Based

Tunnel

PGW

NeM

o H

A

PGW

VPN Head End

Customer Edge

14BRKSPM-2129

LTE Private Network – CPE-Based or Network-Based VPN?


Intelligent Path Control

Load Balancing

Policy-Based Path Selection

Network Availability

Scalable, Strong Encryption

App-Aware Threat Defense

Web Security

Application Optimization

Application Visibility

App Acceleration

Intelligent Caching

Transport Independent

Provider Flexibility

Modular Design

Common Operational Model

IWAN

Intelligent WAN is a CPE-based solution to take advantage of multiple public/private WAN connections to a site

IWAN determined the best path(s) per application type automatically, and fails over/falls back automatically

IWAN supports LTE public or private network and is available for both Cisco ISR and Cisco Meraki MX devices

IWAN w/LTE: Check with the SP regarding control plane traffic guidelines (may affect use of PfR)

IWAN w/LTE: data usage with PFR results in high monthly data usage per DSCP (LTE not currently recommended with PfR)

IWAN should be used without NeMo/PMIP, as a GRE tunnel using DMVPN is currently required

Secure Connectivity

15BRKSPM-2129

LTE + Cisco IWAN – Considerations


VZ Services Private NetworkRemote

BranchMain Site

LTE/EVDO

Private IP

Address NeMo or VPN

TunnelEnterprise NNI DSCP/EXP Markings

ASR

5K

M2M &

Enterprise

Svcs

DSCP/QCI Markings

Video

Surveillance

Credit card

Transactions

• Provide preferential treatment for applications

• Integrates LTE QoS with enterprise QoS

• QoS from ISR across LTE to customer edge

• Leverages 3GPP standards (SP LTE network would offer)

• Works with NeMo, PMIP & DMVPN, n/w & prem based

• NeMo & PMIP are scalable, network-based, no capex

• DMVPN allows per-tunnel QoS over LTE, prem-based

Why QoS with 4G?

• 4G is a cost-effective primary WAN option with

rich services for branch, substation, ATM, Kiosk

• Use case example: banks require priority for ATM

transactions & video surveillance over guest WiFi

• Quick turn-up

Audio

Console Video

Surveillance

CC Transaction

Services

Guest WiFi

Ads Display

Cisco Internal Use 1616BRKSPM-2129

LTE QoS for Enterprise and IoT


Time-sensitive applications

(e.g. VoIP)

Expedited Forwarding Priority

Business mission critical data

flows including video and multi-

media streams

Assured Forwarding Priority

General business data flows

Low Forwarding PriorityBest Effort

Default

Priority Data

Best Effort Data

VoIP PacketsEF

CS5

CS4/AF4x

CS3/AF3x

Priority Bearer

Best Effort

Bearer

• Some SPs provide enterprise QoS on LTE now

• Offered on LTE Private Network Services

• LTE QoS, moderately priced add-on per line

• Set choices for priority data bit rates

• QoS based on DSCP values, easy configuration

• Integration w/enterprise QoS seamlessly

• Priority Data class is policed above contract rate

PGWSGW

Default Bearer Default Bearer Default Bearer

S1u S5Radio

Dedicated Bearer Dedicated BearerDedicated Bearer

DSCP 0, CS1, AF11,

AF12, AF13, CS2,

AF21, AF22, AF23

DSCP EF, CS5, CS3,

AF31, AF32, AF33,

CS4, AF41, AF42,

AF43

DSCP 0, CS1, AF11,

AF12, AF13, CS2,

AF21, AF22, AF23

DSCP EF, CS5, CS3,

AF31, AF32, AF33,

CS4, AF41, AF42,

AF43

eNodeB

17BRKSPM-2129

LTE QoS for Enterprise and IoT


• Flexible prioritization to match an organization’s existing QoS design

• Traffic shaped to not exceed total bit rate and service rate, reduce dropped packets

• If the bandwidth allotted to a traffic class is unused, it can be used by other classes

Very Important

>= ID1 bps

Important

>= ID2 bps

Example: IP voice strict

priority <= V bps, very

important traffic => ID1 bps,

key business apps => ID2

bps. Together <= S-V bps

Key Business

General Biz

Non-business

Be

st E

ffort

Tra

ffic

Rem

ain

ing

Ba

nd

wid

th

=>

25

% T

ota

l

Example: Key business

apps receive “better service”

than general business apps,

which receive “better

service” than non-business

apps

Priority <= V

Mis

sio

n

Critic

al

Tra

ffic

Sh

ap

e to

S -

V

To

tal 4

G L

ink B

an

dw

idth

, T

Dedic

ate

d

Non

-GB

R

Beare

r

Defa

ult

Best E

ffort

Beare

r

ISR LTE Network

T = total rate

S = service rate

V = voice rate

BRKSPM-2129 18

LTE QoS With Cisco ISR


4G Provider Services

Private Network

MPLS VPNRemote

Branch

Cust A

Customer

1 Site

LTE

Customer

2 Site

Leverages any transport, including LTE

DMVPN, NeMo or PMIP VRF support provides

multi-tenancy across an LTE connection

Complete separation between entities

from remote site to customer data center(s)

No issues with overlapping addresses

Compatible with LTE private network services

Check with the Service Provider for available services

Separate VRFs

Cust #1

Cust #2

The example shows a single network-

based VPN tunnel. An SP may offer

network-based VPN multi-VRF services,

e.g. MPLS VPN integration.

The use case can also be supported with

prem-based VPN (rfc2547oDMVPN)

Agency 1

VRF

Agency 2

VRF

DMV

DEP

OR

EPS Bearer

19BRKSPM-2129

Multi-Service: Multi-Tenant/Agency Use Case


ATM

Video/Ad Svc

LTE

Banking Network

EPS Bearer

- Allows multiple services to be provided to one site

- Applicable to many 4G site types (retail, kiosk, office, etc.)

- Simpler/scalable way to provide services, supports IP address overlap & strong security

- Complimentary to existing services (no interference)

- Simplify adding services securely

- Examples:

- ATM, retail kiosk, vending machines, branch offices

- vehicles, trucks, trains, mobile setups/shows

Separate VPNs

Surveillance

Cash

Machine

Video

Security

Network

Customer

Care Line

Cust. Care Ctr

Public Internet4G Provider Services

Se

pa

rate

, Is

ola

ted

V

RF

s

Example shows a VPN per VRF

DMVPN can support multiple VRFs

across a single VPN tunnel

20BRKSPM-2129

Multi-Service – M2M/Retail/Branch


4G Provider Services

Public or Private

NetworkRemote

Branch

Cust A

Customer

1 Site

LTE

Leverages any transport, including LTE

DMVPN on branch and head end routers

allow a single VPN tunnel to support VRFs

for multi-tenancy across an LTE connection

Complete separation between entities

from remote site to customer data center(s)

No issues with overlapping addresses

Compatible with LTE private network serviceshttp://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/sec_conn_dmvpn/configuration/15-mt/sec-conn-dmvpn-15-mt-book/sec-conn-dmvpn-dmvpn.html#GUID-BF561439-BCC0-4AAF-80D9-1F7876CB7B81

Single DMVPN tunnel

supporting both VRFs

The example shows a single prem-based

VPN tunnel. This is supported via

rfc2547oDMVPN

Agency 1

VRF

Agency 2

VRF

EPS Bearer DMV

DEP

21BRKSPM-2129

Multi-Tenant/Agency Use Case

http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/sec_conn_dmvpn/configuration/15-mt/sec-conn-dmvpn-15-mt-book/sec-conn-dmvpn-dmvpn.html#GUID-BF561439-BCC0-4AAF-80D9-1F7876CB7B81


POTS/Modem Challenges

• Older modem technology/equipment means more issues & truck rolls

• POTS line monthly cost

• Back hoe can take out landline + POTS

• Dialup performance limits use as a backup to WAN link or transferring images & logs

• Do admins still have a POTS line?

Cisco LTE Solution

• OOB options include an integrated module in ISR (LTE eHWIC) or an 819

• Faster console response & downloads

• Access List flexibility to enforce security

• SMS can be used for LTE OOB mgmt

• Management from any site w/IP

Benefits

• LTE: Lower cost + higher performance

• Faster device image downloads

• Faster log/debugging uploads

• Stronger Security (OOB over VPN)

• LTE integrates into customer network

BEFORE

POTS Network

HQ

WAN

AFTER

VZ 4G LTE

HQ

WAN

Remote Location Remote Location

OOB Management only OOB Management

22BRKSPM-2129

4G Out-of-Band (OOB) Use Case


Out-of-Band Access

• Advantages as listed earlier

• Tertiary OOB access via SMS over LTE

• Allows OOB access to backup router

• Leverages IOS automation and LTE SMS

WAN/Router Backup

• 819 with LTE, running router redundancy protocol, with primary router. VRRP and HSRP are supported

• If primary router loses WAN connection or becomes inoperative, 819 w/LTE automatically becomes primary

• No changes to other remote equipment

• Primary link recovers, 819 returns to backup

Business Resiliency

• Single low cost addition (819 w/LTE) significantly increases site availability

• Backs up primary WAN + primary router

• Out-of-band access to primary router via separate network & device. Better chance of remote recovery of primary

• May recover primary from ROMMON

BEFORE

POTS Network

HQ

WAN

AFTER

4G LTE

HQ

WAN

Remote Location Remote Location

OOB Management only OOB Management +

WAN backup

Combining

2 Solutions

With LTE

23BRKSPM-2129

OOB Access + Business Continuity Use Case


819

819 with LTE replaces modem & phone line

LTE replaces POTS service for out-of-band access to primary

819/LTE can also provide backup WAN/router function

Login to 819 via LTE, console access to primary router

Allows primary router debug if WAN down or router in diag

mode

Requires the new “smart serial to RJ45” CAB-SS-RJ45

1800/1900/2800/2900/3800/3900/4000 ISRs

Any Cisco router with an aux and console port is supported

Other routers with a console port and serial port should work

Primary router AUX (or serial) port connects to 819 console port

(console access to 819 via primary router w/normal operations)

Primary router console port connects to 819 serial port (for

console access to primary router via 819 if primary WAN down)

819 for out-of-band and WAN backup

Primary WAN Router/Link -Any ISR

RJ45-RJ45 Rollover Cable - CAB-CON-C4K-RJ45=

Smart serial to RJ45 cable – CAB-SS-RJ45=

24BRKSPM-2129

Out-of-Band Access Detail


Private Network

Branch

Backup

Main

SiteSP Enterprise

Mobile IP

Services

Router and connection backup - higher availability can be achieved

No backup - wireless primary access with LTE

Private NetworkRemote

Branch

Main

SiteSP Enterprise

Mobile IP

Services

LTE

Private Network

Remote

Branch

Main

SiteSP Enterprise

Mobile IP

Services

Connection backup - Wireline primary, LTE backup

LTE

LTE

LTE SP Enterprise

Mobile IP

Services

Branch

Primary

25BRKSPM-2129

Remote Slide Backup with LTE & ISR


Wireline Last

Mile Access

Power Over

Ethernet

Ethernet

Floor 1

Floor 2

Floor 3

819/4G

Cisco Internal Use 26

Note: The supplied 10’ LTE antenna cable

should always be used in a deployment,

so that the antennas are => 2 feet apart

No expensive antenna cabling

Increases availability, WAN + ISR

Backup router is full function

Not a “modem” or limited router

Bonus: out-of-band management

Ou

t-o

f-B

an

d

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

LTE Last

Mile Access

26BRKSPM-2129

Router Redundancy w/LTE and 819 PoE


Public or Private

Network

Remote

Branch

Main

SiteCarrier A EPC

Carrier A RAN

Carrier B RAN

Carrier B EPC

• 819 - Single modem/radio allows for small size/cost

• Connection to 1 network at a time, but access to 2

• Switchover from primary to backup carrier < 2 minutes

• Switchover can be manual, automatic via IOS, via applet

conf t, controller cell 0, lte sim primary slot 1

IOS will switch to other SIM if no LTE connection after 2 minutes

• Behavior is different based on 819 model & LTE firmware

C819G-LTE-MNA-K9: FW-MC7354-LTE-CA (North America)

C819G-LTE-MNA-K9: FW-MC7354-LTE-VZ (Verizon)

C819G-4G-GA-K9: FW-MC7304-LTE-GB (Europe)

• Define the needed profiles (enable modem command)

819#cell 0 lte profile create 8 broadband none ipv4v6 (AT&T)

819#cell 0 lte profile create 1 vzwims none ipv4v6

819#cell 0 lte profile create 2 vzwadmin none ipv4v6

819#cell 0 lte profile create 3 vzwinternet none ipv4v6

• Define the modem profile to SIM slot mapping

• Define the primary SIM slot

819(config)#controller Cellular 0

819(config-controller)#lte sim data-profile 3 attach-profile 1 slot 0

819(config-controller)# lte sim data-profile 8 attach-profile 8 slot 1

819(config-controller)# lte sim primary slot 1

27BRKSPM-2129

Dynamic Carrier Cutover

• Introduction




• Q&A

Agenda


ISR G2 Branch Mobility Portfolio- Enterprise/IoT Class Dual Radio WiFi & Quadband 3G/4G

Pe

rfo

rma

nc

e, S

ca

lab

ilit

y, A

va

ila

bilit

y

Secure IoT Connectivity

809, 819, 829

1921, 1941

2901, 2911, 2921, 29513925, 3925E, 3945, 3945E

Virtual Office

SecureMobility

IoT FOG computing Secure CollaborationRich Media Services

Customizable Applications

EHWIC-4G-LTE

88x, 89x

Fixed 4G-LTE NIM-4G-LTE CGM-4G-LTE

4321, 4231, 4331,4351, 4431, 4451

CGR 2010, 1120, 1240


LTE Modems, Cisco SKUs, Dual Carrier, Dual Radio

• 2 options for LTE high availability:

• Multi-radio

• Single-radio dual-SIM

• Multi Radio: Simultaneous send/receive on multiple LTE connections

• Modular ISRs support multiple modules/radios (requires an LTE plan/SIM for each)

• Single radio/dual SIM: One LTE connection at a time, one carrier or the other

• Provides for LTE high availability at a lower cost, with smaller footprint

• Use product data sheets to determine the right one for your geography and carrier

• Newer modems (e.g. MNA & GA) can operate in multiple carrier networks by loading different FW

Carrier A RAN

Carrier B RAN

Single radio dual-SIM Multi-radio multi-SIM

BRKSPM-2129 30


Pollev.com/(cisco5)

(cisco5)

<your response>

22333

Poll: How likely are you to use cellular as a BACKUP WAN?


BRKSPM-2129 31


Pollev.com/(cisco5)

(cisco5)

<your response>

22333

Poll: How likely are you to use cellular as a PRIMARY WAN?


BRKSPM-2129 32


Basic Configuration, 819 Example

• Chat script (the default is ok)

• Cell interface line definition, specifies

string to send to LTE network, cannot

execute commands and besides data

connection, only SSH is permitted in/out

• “script dialer” unneeded for IOS XE

• Cell interface definition

• Must have NAT or VPN def

• If LTE SP supports <=1500B may need to

set tcp adjust to avoid fragmentation

• Set pulse-time 1st, then enable-time

• Always IP addr negotiated

• Dialer-watch group allows always-on use

(recommendation for primary and backup

use). “Dialer string” unneeded for IOS XE

• Ip nat inside on LAN interface, ip nat

outside on cell int, and nat definition, or

VPN definition that disallows any traffic

towards LTE with a source IP@ other than

that of the cell interface

chat-script lte "" "AT!CALL" TIMEOUT 20 "OK"

interface Cellular0

ip address negotiated

ip nat outside

encapsulation slip

ip tcp adjust-mss 1390

dialer in-band

dialer idle-timeout 0

dialer enable-timeout 1

dialer string lte

dialer watch-group 1

pulse-time 0

• NAT policy statement

dialer watch-list 1 ip 5.6.7.8 0.0.0.0

dialer watch-list 1 delay route-check initial 60

dialer watch-list 1 delay connect 1

ip nat inside source list 100 interface Cellular0 overload

line 3

script dialer lte

modem InOut

no exec

transport input ssh

transport output ssh

Interface vlan1

ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

ip nat inside

Ip tcp adjust-mss 1390

• LAN interface, with nat and tcp

adjust (see below)


Radio ParametersParameter Description

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Measures total received signal power. Note: It is a misnomer! It

actually measures ‘Wanted Signal’ + NoiseRSRP Reference Signal Receive Power. Measures reference power to calculate path loss. Since the reference

power is well known, modem uses this for cell selection. Together with RSSI, this parameter calculates

the noise component, etc.RSRQ Reference Signal Receive Quality. Calculated from RSSI and RSRP.

SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio. Calculated from RSSI and RSRP.

Condition RSSI RSRP RSRQ SINR

Excellent -60 dBm or better in value -80 dBm or better -3 to -9 dB 20 to 30 dB

Mid-Cell -90 to -100 dBm -10 to -15 dB 10 to 15 dB-70 dBm to -80 dBm

-60 dBm to -70 dBmGood -80 to -90 dBm -5 to -12 dB 6 dB to 20 dB

-80 dBm or worse Cell-edge -100 dBm or worse -15 to -19 dB 0 dB or worse


Show Cellular Interface Radio Parameters

This is the EARFCN (EUTRA

Absolute Radio Frequency

Channel Number)

It provides the center frequency

for UL and DL, of the TX and RX

channels within a band

These are the radio

parameters as described in the

previous slides. As can be

seen that from formula,

RSRQ = 17 + (RSRP – RSSI);

RSRQ = 17 + (-98 – (-76) = -5

dB

BRKSPM-2129 35


IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) is typically a 15 digit number,

obtained from the SIM card. It globally and uniquely identifies a subscriber on a

network. The typical structure is as follows:

• MCC (Mobile Country Code) - 3 digits : 311 (USA)

• MNC (Mobile Network Code) - 3 digits : 480 (Verizon Wireless)

• MSIN (Mobile Station Identification Number) - 9 digits : 063417381

Mobile Station ISDN Number:

It is the phone number of the

subscription for this device (UE)

International Mobile Station

Equipment Identity. It uniquely

identifies the hardware identity of the

device (modem)

Modem Firmware Level

Modem model

Modem Firmware Carrier Info

(e.g. VZW, ATT, Generic North

America, etc.

36BRKSPM-2129

Show Cellular Interface Hardware Information


Useful LEDs

*See Hardware Installation Guide*


SIM Status

• Confirm LTE carrier provisioned the SIM before configuration

• The IMEI may be required, but often not enforced for attach

• IMEI can be found on the shipping box, on the router via CLI, marketplace order

• SIM can be moved to a different ISR after initial network attach

• A SIM is now orderable with ISR, ICCID is available in marketplace With IMEI, allows service to be enabled prior to arrival of ISR


Access Point Name (APN)• APN allows a connection to a specific PDN (Packet Data Network)

• Set by LTE modem firmware by default. Can be overwritten by OTADM

• Set automatically by the network, otherwise manually via IOS enable-mode command

• 819 VZW Example: cell 0 lte profile create 3 ne01.vzwstatic none

• Verizon public APNs are: vzwinternet, ne01.vzwstatic, so01.vzwstatic, mw01.vzwstatic, we01.vzwstatic

• AT&T APNs include: i2gold, Nextgenphone, Broadband

• T-Mobile APNs: include fast.t-mobile.com, epc.tmobile.com

• APNs for private network are generally unique. Always get the appropriate APN value from the LTE carrier

Public or

Private

Network(s)

LTE Carrier “X”

Radio Access

Network (RAN)

LTE Carrier “X” Evolved

Packet Core

PGW

PGW

Org W

APN Y

APN Z

APN W

APN XOrg X

Org Y

Org Z

Org W

Org W

Org X

Org Y

Org Z

Org Z


OTA-DM

• Over the Air – Device Management

• Responsible for changing APN

• Could take up to 10 minutes after boot up (do not reboot during this time)

• If unsuccessful, you can manually set the APN

• Only needed for public static or wireless Private Network service


Dialer

• Check your chat script

• Copy and paste!

• Be careful with some editors and terminal emulators inserting invisible characters

• Chat script is defined once, referenced twice in IOS configuration (not in IOS XE)

• Newer IOS levels already include chat script by default

Cellular0/x/0 is up (spoofing), line protocol is up (spoofing) before making call

A cell interface that’s Up/Up(spoofing) may not be up!


IP Source Addresses in LTE Packets

Symptom:

Traffic sent over LTE does not receive reply.

Solution:

1. NAT or VPN

2. The LTE carrier can trace the bad IP address if needed (easiest via the SIM MDN or modem IMEI)

Reason:

• If packet is not sourced from the cellular IP address, traffic cannot be returned to the LTE device.

• The return packet does not have IP address of the LTE device, therefore cannot be delivered


Caveats & Considerations

• It is wireless: Different expectations for – availability, SLAs, throughput consistency

Site surveys! Performance based on modulation/location/density

Antenna options. Use the site survey SMS app

Understand the differences with wireline and how to troubleshoot

• Restrictions: Some SPs have restrictions on non-user/control plane traffic

Can tune routing protocol timers, IP SLA frequency, etc.

• Price plans: Ensure the monthly byte count is understood (e.g. line sharing)

We have an app for alerting when approaching plan max

• LTE QoS: Wireline and Wireless QoS differ

• SP LTE offers: Enterprise grade LTE QoS, enterprise private addressing/routing, Multi-VRF

43BRKSPM-2129


Top Field Issues

44BRKSPM-2129

Issue Action

IOS and LTE modem firmware releases 15.6(2)T+ or 15.5(3)M3+ and latest modem firmware

Can’t connect, SIM not active, APN is incorrect Check SIM in another device, ask SP for APN value

IOS Configuration issues (NAT/VPN, dialer,

routing, MTU adjust to not fragment, etc.)Use the guidelines recommended by Cisco or the SP

Consistently low performance Check radio reception, antenna placement & type

Consistently low performance in a densely

populate area

Check to see if all the bands your LTE carrier supports are

supported by the LTE module/interface (older LTE modems)

Dropping from 4G to 3G, won’t reselect 4G

(performance degraded)Reception/interference, no reselection due to traffic activity

Expectations for consistent performanceSet expectations that LTE is a shared medium. Understand

traffic paths and anchor points

Something doesn’t work…with a complex config

that includes LTE

Strip out the complexity, try a more basic config with LTE. If

it works, try adding in functions to see where it breaks

Something elsewww.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/de

ployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf pages 3-4

I Just got a bill for a zillion dollars due to

exceeding my plan’s monthly byte count

Use the byte count EEM app!

http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf


ISR Programmability: Real-World LTE Examples

• Real-world uses for network and device features can bring to life their value

• Real-world needs met via programmability and function of ISR IOS software (Geofencing, Monthly Plan Usage Alerting, Site Survey, GPS time syncs ISR clock, Show/Config via SMS, Auto-return to 4G when drops to 3G, Choose best network while roaming)

• Most of these IOS apps are small files loaded to ISR flash memory

• The engine that drives these “apps” is in IOS - EEM www.cisco.com/go/eem

• The ISR apps are publicly available at no charge. ISRs include the engine, no extra cost

• These apps can be modified for an organization’s specific needs (open source, TCL)

www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/lte_access_011414.pdf

• Systems Integrators can leverage ISR programmability to develop solutions without the need for additional servers/processors. This is using IOX.

• IOX allows for virtual machines and/or Linux apps to run on a Cisco router’s processor core (separate from routing core)

45BRKSPM-2129

http://www.cisco.com/go/eem


Monitoring Monthly ISR LTE Rate Plan Usage• LTE subscriptions provide an amount of monthly traffic as part of the rate plan. This app monitors LTE traffic during a

billing month, and logs a message if a defined percentage of the allowed bytes is reached. At the end of the monthly billing cycle, the app clears the LTE counters and begin counting anew. Variables included for tuning. An option to automatically “shut” the cellular interface has been added.

• If the commandsoversms app is loaded with this app, texting “usage” will return # of bytes and percentage of rate plan used for the current month

• The app is summarized in this guide, above, available here: www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/lte_access_011414.pdf

• The tcl script and documentation can be downloaded from https://supportforums.cisco.com/document/12098671/monitor-byte-count-over-4g-cellular-interfaces

46BRKSPM-2129

: byte_counter.tcl: POD12-DMNR Cellular 0 has used 189762005. Bytes with a monthly subscription of 10000 Bytes (1897620.05 % used)

POD12-DMNR#

http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/lte_access_011414.pdf

https://supportforums.cisco.com/document/12098671/monitor-byte-count-over-4g-cellular-interfaces


ISR Out-of-Band Management via SMS Text • App allows for using text messaging as a method to configure or show ISR status. Any “show” or

configuration command can be used. The app accepts multiple commands. Common usage: “show cell 0 all, “ping x.x.x.x”, “show ip route”, “conf t, int cell 0, no shut, end”.

• This is done by sending a text message to the phone number (MSISDN) associated with the SIM in the ISR. The app allows for white-list (specific phone #s are authorized to send commands to ISR)

• The app is detailed in the LTE Antenna Guide for ISR and CGR, available here: www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf

• The tcl script can be downloaded from https://supportforums.cisco.com/docs/DOC239280

47BRKSPM-2129

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf

https://supportforums.cisco.com/docs/DOC239280


ISR Site Survey Via SMS Text

• The “Site Survey via SMS" app is now part of an app allowing any command to be sent to an ISR via text message. It can provide feedback on LTE signal quality and strength, improving antenna placement and selection. When requested via SMS, the ISR responds via text with RF results. There is a short and long request.

• The app is summarized in these guides:www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/lte_access_011414.pdfwww.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf

• The tcl script and documentation can be downloaded from: https://supportforums.cisco.com/document/12316801/commands-over-sms

48BRKSPM-2129

http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/lte_access_011414.pdf

http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/td/docs/routers/access/interfaces/software/deployment/guide/guide_100413.pdf

https://supportforums.cisco.com/document/12316801/commands-over-sms


SIM not provisioned.

Incorrect APN configuration

Service option not authorized .

49BRKSPM-2129

Operational Efficiency : ConnectivityWhy is my CPE not connected?

Can I connect ?

Sorry !!

Common Issues :

Call Cisco TAC

Collect DMLog

Cisco TAC

analysisCall SP

Issue fixed


NAS

50BRKSPM-2129

Serviceability: Focus on Operational Efficiency

message debugging tool Solved by analyzing the LTE control messages

Sample

Time : 2016-03-04 09:22:20. (Downlink)

NAS EPS Mobility Management Message Type : Attach Reject (0x44)

EMM reject cause (19)

ESM Reject Cause : UNKNOWN OR MISSING APN(27)

PRODUCTION FRIENDLY.

EASY ISOLATION


Operational Efficiency: Faster FailoverCan I reduce failover time?

Y

Attach with

Operator ALoss of A’s

LTE Signal

Operator A

Operator B

Detect

failover

Initiate

Failover

To operator B

FW upgrade

Manual

Or EEM

Modem reset

and attach

1min 1.5 mins

10 mins1.5 mins

Firmware Switching and

Modem reset

1.5 mins~15 mins

New feature:

Auto-SIM

10X improvement


Operational Efficiency – Power outageWhat happened to my router ?

Mobile

Service Provider

HQ

Introducing DyingGASP

SMS to admin

Thank you

Need a product for your business growth ? We can help …

Drop us an email @ [email protected]

Like to know more about our product lineup , visit us @ www.cisco.com/go/4g

No Wires, No worries !!!

• Introduction




• Q&A

Agenda


Complete Your Online Session Evaluation

Don’t forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available for viewing on-demand after the event at CiscoLive.com/Online

• Give us your feedback to be entered into a Daily Survey Drawing. A daily winner will receive a $750 Amazon gift card.

• Complete your session surveys through the Cisco Live mobile app or from the Session Catalog on CiscoLive.com/us.

BRKSPM-2129 55

CiscoLive.com/Online

http://ciscolive.com/Online

http://ciscolive.com/Online

http://ciscolive.com/us

http://ciscolive.com/us

Please join us for the Service Provider Innovation Talk featuring:

Yvette Kanouff | Senior Vice President and General Manager, SP Business

Joe Cozzolino | Senior Vice President, Cisco Services

Thursday, July 14th, 2016

In the Oceanside A room

What to expect from this innovation talk

• Insights on market trends and forecasts

• Preview key technologies and capabilities

• Innovative demonstrations of the latest and greatest products

• Better understanding of how Cisco can help you succeed

Register to attend the session live now or

watch the broadcast on cisco.com


US Ciscolive 2016 @ Las Vegas- SP Mobility SessionsSession ID Time Session Title Speakers

Sunday (10 July 2016)

LTRSPM-2022 01:00 – 05:00 PM Virtual Packet Core Orchestration: Spring to Life Gateways and Services Julie Ann Connary, Amir Ahmadi

Monday (11 July 2016)

BRKSPM-2125 08:00 - 10:00 AM Virtualizing Cisco Mobile Packet Core Aeneas Dodd-Noble, Vivek Agarwal

BRKSPM-2071 01:00 - 03:00 PM 5G Technology Updates Paul Polakos, Prakash Suthar

BRKSPM-2029 04:00 – 05:30 PM Optimizing NFV Performance Ali Bokhari

BRKSPM-2022 04:00 – 05:30 PM Using Telco NFV to Deploy Mobility Networks Dave Clough

BRKSPM-2130 04:00 – 05:30 PM Mobile Packet Core (ASR5500) Troubleshooting Guilherme Correia, Rama Ramachandran

Tuesday (12 July 2016)

BRKSPM-2128 08:00 - 10:00 AM Radio Access Network Virtualization Mark Grayson, Oliver Bull

BRKSPM-2026 01:30 - 03:00 PM AT&T Case study for Managing Customer Experience in Mobile Networks Jeronimo Diez De Sollano, Anwin Kallumpurath

BRKSPM-2065 04:00 – 05:30 PM Mobile and Enterprise Security for the Age of Ubiquitous Encryption Humberto La Roche, Christopher ORourke

BRKSPM-2127 04:00 – 05:30 PM Design & Deploying Trusted and Un-Trusted VoWiFi Venkata Reddy Kasu, Arun Gunasekaran

Wednesday (13 July 2016)

BRKSPM-2129 08:00 - 10:00 AM Deploying 4G/LTE branch routers for IOT solutions Vivek Datar, David Mindel

PLNSPM-2021 01:30 – 03:00 PM Network Infrastructure and Operation Transformation Anand Malani, Scott Clark, Vilma Stoss, Rich Plane, Mark Ghattas (Moderator)

BRKSPM-2028 04:00 – 05:30 PM Design and Deployment of Overlay Services on LTE Network Tom Redman

BRKSPM-2122 04:00 – 05:30 PM Virtualizing Mobile Service Providers Transport Network Ravi Narahari, Abbas Abidi

Thursday (14 July 2016)

BRKSPM-2121 08:00 - 10:00 AM Cisco SON and Advanced Analytics Oliver Bull, Ashish Bansal

BRKSPM-2126 04:00 – 05:30 PM Analytics for Large Connected Venues: App Integration with Wi-Fi Infrastructure Matt Swartz, Joshua Suhr

PSOSPM-2505 01:00 – 02:00 PM Cisco Hosted Mobility (Mobility as a Service) Mike Shomaker

WISP Lab (11-14 July)

LABSPM-2011 10:00 - 6:00 PM Cisco Virtualized Packet Core Installation on VMware Amir Ahmadi, William Pedraza

LABSPM-2012 10:00 - 6:00 PM Cisco Virtualized Packet Core Installation on Openstack Christopher Ove, Guilherme Correia

BRKSPM-2129 57


Continue Your Education

• Demos in the Cisco campus

• Walk-in Self-Paced Labs

• Lunch & Learn

• Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings

• Related sessions

BRKSPM-2129 58

Thank you

BACKUP Slides


4G LTE NIM for ISR 4000 series & ENCS

CAT3:

• NIM-4G-LTE-GA

• NIM-4G-LTE-VZ

• NIM-4G-LTE-ST

• NIM-4G-LTE-NA

CAT4:

• NIM-4G-LTE-LA (2HCY2016)

CAT6: Q4CY2016

• NIM-LTEA-EA

• NIM-LTEA-LA

Legend:

• GA: Global: Europe and Australia (selected LATAM & APAC Countries / SPs)

• GB: Global Europe AU: Australia

• VZ: USA Verizon ST: USA Sprint AT: USA AT&T

• NA: USA & Canada: AT&T, Bell, Telus and Rogers

• LA: APAC including Australia and LATAM

• EA: Europe and North America


4G LTE EHWIC for 1900 / 2900 / 3900

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-AU

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-VZ

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-ST

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-AT

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-CA

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-LA

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-CI

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-JN

• Legend:

GA: Global: Europe and Australia (selected LATAM & APAC Countries / SPs)

GB: Global Europe AU: Australia

VZ: USA Verizon ST: USA Sprint AT: USA AT&T

NA: USA & Canada: AT&T, Bell, Telus and Rogers

LA: APAC including Australia and LATAM

CI: China

JN: Japan


4G LTE EHWIC for 1900 / 2900 / 3900

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-AU

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-VZ

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-ST

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-AT

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-CA

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-LA

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-CI

• EHWIC-4G-LTE-JN

• Legend:


GB: Global Europe AU: Australia

VZ: USA Verizon ST: USA Sprint AT: USA AT&T



CI: China

JN: Japan


Cisco ISR 8XX • C899G-LTE-GA-K9

• C896VAG-LTE-GA-K9

• C897VAG-LTE-GA-K9

• C898EAG-LTE-GA-K9

• C897VAMG-LTE-GA-K9

• C899G-LTE-VZ-K9

• C899G-LTE-ST-K9

• C899G-LTE-NA-K9

• C887VAG-4G-GA-K9

• C881G-4G-GA-K9

• C899G-LTE-LA-K9

• C897VAG-LTE-LA-K9

• C897VAGW-LTE-GAEK9

• C898EAG-LTE-LA-K9

• Legend:


VZ: USA: Verizon

ST: USA: Sprint




Primary WAN Router/Link -Any ISR

819 for out-of-band and WAN backup

line con 0

login local

no modem enable

interface serial 0

physical-layer async

no ip address

encapsulation slip

line 7

transport input telnet

telnet <local IP@> 2007

line con 0

login local

no modem enable

line aux 0

transport input telnet

telnet transparent

telnet <local IP@> 2001

RJ45-RJ45 Rollover Cable - CAB-CON-C4K-RJ45=

Smart serial to RJ45 cable – CAB-SS-RJ45=

66BRKSPM-2129

Out-of-Band Access Configuration


Network and Compute Performance for All Office SizesCisco ISR 4400/4300 Series

ISR 432150-100 Mbps

ISR 4331100-300 Mbps

ISR 4351 200-400 Mbps

ISR 4431 500-1000 Mbps

ISR 4451-X 1-2Gbps

NIM-4G-LTE-xx (**planned for 1HCY2015**)

NEW

NEW

NEW

NEW


4G LTE + WiFi: C819GW-LTE-MNA-AK9

• -10 to 50C Extended Temperature (+30% Faster Performance 25 Mbps with Full Services than 3G + WiFi and +30% faster Boot Time)

• Dual 802.11n WiFi (AP3500 equivalent) –A domain, External 2X3 MIMO Antennas

• No support for IOx Framework

• Multi-carriers Field FW Image Switching Provisioning (Selectable from Flash between Verizon, ATT, Sprint, and Canada) FW-MC7350-LTE-VZ

• Ship with default 2 4G-LTE-ANTM-D and 1 4G-AE010-R Extender for LTE, and 3 AIR-ANTM2050D-R WiFi Antennas

• DUAL SIMs support

• C819G-LTE-MNA without WIFi - Dec 2015

BRKSPM-2129 68


EHWIC-4G-LTE-VZ

C819G-4G-VZ-K9

C899G-LTE-VZ-K9

EHWIC-4G-LTE-ST

C819G-4G-ST-K9

C899G-LTE-ST-K9

EHWIC-4G-LTE-AT

C819G-4G-NA-K9

C899G-LTE-NA-K9

EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB

EHWIC-4G-LTE-AU

EHWIC-4G-LTE-CA

C899G-LTE-GA-K9

C89xVAG(M)-LTE-GA

C819G-4G-GA-K9

C88x-G-4G-GA-K9

Modem MC7350 MC7350 MC7354 MC7304 MC7304

Features 4G speeds, ~25msec latency, Interface MIBs, Data callback (voice/SMS), SIM lock, Diagnostics, Remote FW upgrade, 4G MIBs (Future),

Speeds 100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

25 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

IOS Release 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later

4G LTE

Frequency

LTE Band 13 (700 MHz),

4 (AWS-1700/2100MHz)

LTE Band 25 (1900MHz) LTE Band 17 (700 MHz),4(AWS-1700/2100MHz)

LTE Band 1(2100MHz),

3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz)


3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz)

2G/3G

Frequency

800 MHz &1900 MHz 800 MHz &1900 MHz 850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS &

850/1900/2100 MHz UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz

GPRS &

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz

GPRS &

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

ISP Verizon Sprint AT – AT&T

NA- AT&T and Canada

GB – Global

AU – Australia

CA - Canada

GA – Global (includes AU

and Europe)

LTE 2.0 product portfolio

BRKSPM-2129 69


LTE 2.0 product portfolio - NIM

NIM-4G-LTE-VZ NIM-4G-LTE-ST NIM-4G-LTE-NA NIM-4G-LTE-GA

Modem MC7350 MC7350 MC7354 MC7304



50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

IOS Release 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later

4G LTE Frequency LTE Band 13 (700 MHz), 4

(AWS-1700/2100MHz)

LTE Band 25 (1900MHz) LTE Band 17 (700 MHz), 4(AWS –1700/2100MHz)


3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz)

2G/3G Frequency 800 MHz &1900 MHz 800 MHz &1900 MHz 850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS &

850/1900/2100 MHz UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS

&

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

ISP Verizon Sprint NA- AT&T and Canada GA – Global, Australia, Canada

Cat 6 LTE Adv NIM Q3CY16

BRKSPM-2129 70


LTE 2.0+ product portfolio – 4G + Wi-Fi (819GW)C819GW-LTE-MNA-AK9 C819GW-LTE-GA-EK9 C897VAGW-LTE-GAEk9 C886VAG-LTE-GA-K9

Modem MC7354 MC7304 MC7304 MC7304



50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

100 Mbps downlink

50 Mbps uplink

IOS Release 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later 15.4(3)M1 or later

4G LTE

Frequency

LTE Band 25 (1900MHz) -

LTE Band 13 (700 MHz), 4

(AWS-1700/2100MHz - LTE

Band 17 (700 MHz), 4(AWS-

1700/2100MHz), Band 5

(850MHz)


3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz


3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz


3(1800MHz), 7(2600MHz),

8(900MHz), 20(800MHz

2G/3G Frequency 800 MHz &1900 MHz -850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS & 850/1900/2100 MHz UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS

&

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz GPRS

&

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

850/900/1800/ 1900 MHz

GPRS &

900/1900/2100 MHz

UMTS/HSPA bands

ISP Multi-Carrier: AT&T, Sprint ,

and Verizon

GA – Global, Australia, Canada GA – Global, Australia GA – Global

BRKSPM-2129 71


4G/LTE Migration updateToday Next Generation ISR G2 NIM for ISR XE/4K

EHWIC-4G-LTE-V(=) EHWIC-4G-LTE-VZ(=) NIM-4G-LTE-VZ(=)

EHWIC-4G-LTE-A(=) EHWIC-4G-LTE-NA(=) NIM-4G-LTE-NA(=)

EHWIC-4G-LTE-G(=) EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB(=) or EHWIC-4G-LTE-AU(=) NIM-4G-LTE-GA(=)

EHWIC-4G-LTE-BE(=) EHWIC-4G-LTE-NA(=) NIM-4G-LTE-NA(=)

EHWIC-4G-LTE-JP(=) EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB(=) NIM-4G-LTE-GA(=)

C819G-4G-V-K9 C819G-4G-VZ-K9

C819G-4G-A-K9 C819G-4G-NA-K9

C819G-4G-G-K9 C819G-4G-GA-K9

C819HG-4G-V-K9 IR829GW-4G-VZ-AK9

C819HG-4G-A-K9 IR829GW-4G-NA-AK9

C819HG-4G-G-K9 IR829GW-4G-GA-EK9 or IR829GW-4G-GA-ZK9


Existing PID Under Armour PID Changes Features

EHWIC-4G-LTE-GB EHWIC-LTE-LA - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map

4G LTE Multi-mode LATAM/APAC

GE WAN

NIM-4G-LTE-GA NIM-LTE-LA - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map


GE WAN

C819G-4G-GA-K9 C819G-LTE-LA-K9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map


GE WAN, 4xFE, 12-1 Serial

C897VAG-LTE-GA-K9 C897VAG-LTE-LA-K9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map


VDSL2/ADSL2+ over POTS

C899G-LTE-GA-K9 C899G-LTE-LA-K9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map

- New 22W Power Supply


WAN with 2 GE SFP

C819GW-LTE-GA-EK9 C819GW-LTE-LA-ZK9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map

- WiFi -Z dual radio 802.11n




-Z dual radio 802.11n WiFi

C819GW-LTE-LA-QK9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map

- WiFi -Q dual radio 802.11n




-Q dual radio 802.11n WiFi

C819GW-LTE-LA-NK9 - New MC7430 Modem

- PCA Map

- WiFi -N dual radio 802.11n




-N dual radio 802.11n WiFi

73BRKSPM-2129

LTE 2.5 – Product Portfolio


www.cisco.com/go/4g

74BRKSPM-2129


A very brief tutorial on dBm and dB

• dBm provides an absolute measure of power• 0 dBm = 1 mw (milliwatt) of power

• 3 dBm = 2 mw of power

• 6 dBm = 4 mw of power

• -3 dBm = ½ mw of power

• -6 dBm = ¼ mw of power

• In short, every 3 dBm increase/decrease in power, doubles/halves the power

• For example, cellular systems can operate at receive signal power levels as low as -90 dBm,

which is equal to (2 raised to -30) milliwatts of power – a very low level of RSSI !

• Whereas dB provides a relative measure• For example, 3 dB gain is twice as better as 0 dB

• -3 dB gain is half as good as 0 dB

• Just like dBm, with every 3dB increase, the magnitude increases by a factor of two

• Correspondingly, with every 3 dB decrease, the magnitude decreases by half

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Important Radio Parameters

• RSRP (Reference Signal Receive Power – measured

in dBm )• RSRP provides cell specific average reference power, as transmitted by the eNB, in specific

Resource Elements, over the entire bandwidth

• It provides the measure of signal attenuation (path loss), which effectively provides an

indication of how far (or near) a UE is from the eNB

• It allows a UE to measures the coverage of a LTE cell on the Downlink

• UE sends RRC measurement reports to eNB, that includes these RSRP values

• Main purpose of RSRP is to determine the best cell to camp on to, during initial cell select, or

reselection of a cell when (RRC) Idle . It is also used for the purposes of handover (RRC

Active)

• RSRP range is from −140dBm (cell out of range) to −44dBm (best possible case)

• If RSRP > −75dBm, excellent QoS can be expected

• In the range between −75dBm and −95dBm a slight degradation of the QoS can be expected

• Below −95 dBm QoS becomes unacceptable

• Throughput tends to significantly deteriorate at approximately −108 dBm to −100dBm; under

such radio conditions, call drops may occur as the worst case

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• RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator – measured

in dBm)• Provides information about total received wide-band power (measures in all symbols) including

all types of interference and thermal noise

• This could be signals, control channels, data channels, adjacent cell power, background noise,

everything

• RSRP provides information about signal strength, whereas RSSI helps in determining

interference and noise information

• RSSI strength is thus always larger than RSRP (less negative)

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• RSRQ (Reference Signal Receive Quality – measured in

dB)• Compares RSRP with RSSI, which provides the measure of the quality of received radio signal

• Helps determine the best cell for LTE radio connection at a certain geographic location

• RSRQ can also be used as the criterion for initial cell selection or handover

• RSRQ[dB] = 10log [N*(RSRP/RSSI)], where N = number of Resource Blocks

• RSRQ(dB) = (10log 50) + RSRP – RSSI = (17 + RSRP – RSSI) (dB) : for 10 MHz BW, which uses

50 Resource Blocks

• RSRQ(dB) = (10log 100) + RSRP – RSSI = (20 + RSRP – RSSI) (dB) : for 20 MHz BW, which uses

100 Resource Blocks

• As RSSI applies to the whole spectrum, we need to multiple RSRP measurement by N (the number

of resource blocks), which effectively applies the RSRP measurement across the whole spectrum,

and allows us to compare the two

• Overall range from -3dB (best) to -19.5 dB (worst) in 0.5 dB resolution

• RSRQ values higher than − 9dB guarantee the best subscriber experience

• Range between − 9 dB and − 12dB can be seen as neutral

• Starting with RSRQ values of −13dB and lower, things become worse with significant declines of

throughput and a high risk of call drop

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• SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio –

measured in dB)• SINR is also a measure of signal quality

• Unlike RSRQ, this parameter is not defined in the 3GPP specs, but defined by a UE vendor

• This parameter is not reported to the network

• SINR is used a lot by operators, and the LTE industry in general, as it better quantifies the

relationship between RF conditions and throughput

• UEs typically use SINR to calculate the CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), which is periodically

reported to the network

• SINR values as high as 25 dB has been observed in practice, which should provide excellent

throughput. When hardwired to eNB, values as high as 30 dB has been observed

• The components of the SINR calculation can be defined as:

o S: indicates the power of measured usable signals. Reference signals (RS) and physical

downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) are mainly involved

o I: indicates the power of measured signals or channel interference signals from other cells

in the current system

o N: indicates background noise, which is related to measurement bandwidths and receiver

noise coefficients

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How does SINR affect data throughput

• Higher Signal to Noise Ratio means more immunity to

noise• This implies that the data can be transmitted and received with better Modulation and Coding

Scheme (MCS), resulting in better throughput

• Lower Signal to Noise Ratio means less immunity to

noise• This implies that the data can be transmitted and received with not so good Modulation and

Coding Scheme (MCS), resulting in not so good throughput

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Flexible & Secure LTE –On Prem or Cloud

Networks

Lean I/T: Cloud-based network management

Zero-touch provisioning and optimized feature set out of the box

Automatic feature, & security updates pushed from the Cloud

Cisco Cloud-ManagedCisco On-Prem Managed

Robust I/T: On-premise management with automation

SDN deployment and configuration with customizable features

Extensive support for 3rd party integration, programmability

Cisco offers 2 LTE-enabled product sets - ISR and Meraki MX

Meraki MX offers simple/powerful cloud management

LTE module is physically external with integrated management

Feeney SKYUS 4G & Connected-IO LT1000 business grade options

Metal housings, full support, external antennas, mounting flexibility

15ft

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Cisco Meraki: Bring the Cloud to Enterprise Networks

MS Ethernet Switches Meraki SMMobile Device

Management

MR Wireless LAN MX Security Appliances

• Complete cloud-managed networking portfolioComplete line of wireless, switching, security, WAN optimization,and MDM; Integrated hardware, software, and cloud services

• Leader in cloud managed networking, over 20,000 customer networks worldwide7 years operating in the cloudCustomer deployments doubling annually

BYOD policies

Application traffic shaping

Guest access

Enterprise security

WIDS / WIPS

Location analytics

802.11ac (1Gps)

Zero-touch site to site VPN

WAN optimization

NG firewall

Content filtering

WAN balancing

NG Intrusion detection

Antivirus

3G/4G

Voice and video QoS

Layer 7 app visibility

Virtual stacking

PoE / PoE + on all ports

Remote packet capture,

cable testing

Centralized app deployment

Device security

Rapid provisioning

Backpack™ file sharing

Asset management

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4G LTE - Meraki MX Support

BRKSPM-2129 83


WAN Demands Exceeding Budgets

5 yearsCisco Visual Networking Index, June 2014

Increase 3X in the next

GLOBAL IP TRAFFIC GROWTH:

will be flat or declining

Nemertes Research, August 2014

60% WAN budgets

LIMITED WAN BUDGETS:

The Widening Network Complexity Gap

Building Blocks of IT

Endpoin

ts o

n

the N

etw

ork

VoIP/Video

Virtualization

Cloud Computing

Mobility

SDN

IoT

IT Budgets

Network Complexity Gap

Source: ZK Research, 2014

BRKSPM-2129 84

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