454b - software testing.pdf

Dr.G.R.Damodaran College of Science(Autonomous, affiliated to the Bharathiar University, recognized by the UGC)Re-

accredited at the 'A' Grade Level by the NAAC and ISO 9001:2008 Certified

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II MCA [2012 - 2015 BATCH]

IV SEMESTER

CORE: SOFTWARE TESTING - 454B

Multiple Choice Questions.

1. __________is testing’s first goal.

A. Bug prevention.

B. Testing.

C. Execution.

D. Analyses

ANSWER: A

2. ____________ is the independent examination of a work product.

A. Boundary value analysis.

B. Coverage Analysis.

C. Bug.

D. Audit

ANSWER: D

3. ______________ is a fault in a program.



C. Bug.

D. Audit

ANSWER: C

4. The sudden and complete failure of a computer system is called _______.


B. Crash.

C. Bug.

D. Audit

ANSWER: B

5. ___________ is the discrepancy between a computed and observed value.

A. Error.


C. Bug.

D. Audit

ANSWER: A

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6. ________ is a chronological record of all relevant details about the execution of a test.

A. Test Item.

B. Test Log.

C. Test Case.

D. Fault Report.

ANSWER: B

7. ___________ matrix records the relationship between two or more products.

A. Test.

B. Log.

C. Traceability.

D. Fault Report.

ANSWER: C

8. Name the process that confirms that the software meets its technical specification.

A. Test.

B. Validation.

C. Verification.

D. Acceptance.

ANSWER: C

9. _________ are defined to be the variance between the expected result and actual result when the

software is put to operation.

A. Defect.


C. Bug.

D. Audit

ANSWER: A

10. Software ____________ is defined as the probability of failure free operations for a specified period of

time in a specific environment.

A. testing.

B. reliability.

C. verification.

D. acceptance.

ANSWER: B

11. Name an evaluation technique to assess the quality of test cases.

A. Mutation analysis.

B. Validation.

C. Verification.

D. Performance analysis.

ANSWER: A

12. __________does look at the implementation details.

A. Unit testing.

B. Loop testing.


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C. Functional testing.

D. Structural testing.

ANSWER: D

13. In ___________, the program or system is treated as a black box.

A. unit testing.

B. loop testing.

C. functional testing.

D. stress testing.

ANSWER: C

14. Test should be conducted for every possible _______.

A. data.

B. case.

C. variable.

D. all the above.

ANSWER: D

15. The ______ associated with testing will be called test factors.

A. test phase.

B. test result.

C. risk.

D. test data.

ANSWER: C

16. __________ is the basic approach towards testing is to setup areas regarding test.

A. Test Preparation.

B. Pre-test.

C. Test

D. Post-Test.

ANSWER: A

17. ___________ is conducted with the objective whether the software under test is ready for testing at all

or totally unreliable.

A. Test Preparation.

B. Pre-test.

C. Test

D. Post-Test.

ANSWER: B

18. Testing should indicate the cost to test ______ the cost of undetected defects.

A. plus.

B. negative.

C. positive.

D. minus.

ANSWER: A

19. A _______specification may lead us to mistake good behavior for bugs, and vice versa.


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A. good.

B. neat.

C. detailed.

D. bad.

ANSWER: D

20. ___________ is used to test user-friendliness.

A. Usability Testing.

B. System Testing.

C. Interoperability Testing.

D. Regression Testing.

ANSWER: A

21. _________involves tests to ensure robustness and reliability.


B. Reliability Testing.



ANSWER: B

22. __________ shows how well a system recovers from crashes.


B. System Testing.


D. Recovery Testing.

ANSWER: D

23. __________ occurs just before the software is released to the customer.


B. User Acceptance Testing.



ANSWER: B

24. Validation is used to test the software in _____________ mode?

A. process mode.

B. executable mode.

C. test mode.

D. primary mode.

ANSWER: B

25. Debugging refers to undertaking measures to make programs free from _____.

A. defect.

B. coverage analysis.

C. bug.

D. audit

ANSWER: C


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26. Cyclomatic Complexity method comes under which testing method.

A. white box.

B. black box.

C. green box.

D. yellow box.

ANSWER: A

27. Which of these can be successfully tested using Loop testing methodology?

A. Simple Loops and not Nested loops.

B. Nested Loops and not concatenated loops.

C. Concatenated Loops and not Simple loops.

D. Simple, Nested and Concatenated loops.

ANSWER: D

28. _______ is a black box testing technique appropriate to all levels of testing.

A. Acceptance testing.

B. Regression testing.

C. Equivalence partitioning.

D. Quality assurance.

ANSWER: C

29. Inspections can find all the following except_________.

A. variables not defined in the code.

B. spelling and grammar faults in the documents.

C. requirements that have been omitted from the design documents.

D. how much of the code has been covered.

ANSWER: D

30. Effective testing will reduce ____ cost.

A. maintenance.

B. documentation.

C. design.

D. coding.

ANSWER: A

31. Loop Testing comes under which testing method?

A. White Box.

B. Black Box.

C. Green Box.

D. Yellow Box.

ANSWER: A

32. Graph based testing comes under which testing methods?

A. White Box.

B. Black Box.

C. Green Box.

D. Yellow Box.

ANSWER: B


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33. Which testing methods are used by end-users who actually test software before they use it?

A. Alpha and Beta Testing.

B. White Box Testing.

C. Black Box Testing.

D. Trial and Error Testing.

ANSWER: A

34. Automated testing is _____.

A. to automate the manual testing process.

B. to assure quality of software.

C. to increase costs.

D. none of the above.

ANSWER: A

35. Automated tools can be used during ___________.

A. SR phase.

B. spiral Phase.

C. base phase.

D. design and coding phase.

ANSWER: D

36. A _____ is a unique path where no iterations are allowed.

A. control flow graph.

B. basis set.

C. complex path.

D. basis path.

ANSWER: D

37. ________ controls over the order in which the instructions in the program are executed.

A. Control structure testing.

B. Test case generation.

C. Complex path testing.

D. Quality assurance of software.

ANSWER: A

38. _____ approach concentrates on the validity of the loop constructs.


B. Loop Testing.



ANSWER: B

39. ________ focuses on testing the value assignment of each variable in a program by executing all the

paths of the program where the variable is used.


B. Test case generation.



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D. Data flow testing.

ANSWER: D

40. ________ is the way of ensuring that the tests are actually testing code.


B. Code coverage.



ANSWER: B

41. Testing is a process of executing software with the intent of detecting the presence of __________.

A. faults.

B. coverage analysis.

C. bug.

D. audit.

ANSWER: A

42. __________ is the mechanical or algorithmic cause of error.

A. Faults.

B. Coverage analysis.

C. Bug.

D. Defect.

ANSWER: D

43. __________ is the lease effective methods in isolating the cause of software errors.

A. Algorithmic Bugs.

B. Brute Force Approach.

C. Cause Elimination Approach.

D. Backtracking Approach.

ANSWER: B

44. A ___________is an integrated aggregate of one or more units.

A. system.

B. component.

C. integration.

D. unit.

ANSWER: B

45. A risk is a condition that can result in a____________.

A. system.

B. loss.

C. method.

D. gain.

ANSWER: B

46. Testability facilitators are classified in _______.

A. single category.

B. 2 categories.


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C. 3 categories.

D. 4 categories.

ANSWER: C

47. __________ is the minimum feature set that is necessary to meet requirements.

A. Functional Simplicity.

B. Structural Simplicity.

C. Code Simplicity.

D. Understandability.

ANSWER: A

48. ___________ represents the ease of understanding the module internal interactions.



C. Code Simplicity.


ANSWER: B

49. ___________ represents the changes to the software are infrequent, controlled and communicated.



C. Stability.


ANSWER: C

50. __________ may decide the extent to which a software system may be testable.

A. Environmental facilitators.

B. Test tools.

C. Timing issues.

D. Internal facilitators.

ANSWER: A

51. The requirements phase is the most cost-effective phase in which to detect a ________.

A. program flow.

B. design flow.

C. data flow.

D. system flow.

ANSWER: D

52. The requirement phase is undertaken to solve a ____________.

A. business problem.

B. system problem.

C. program problem.

D. design problem.

ANSWER: A

53. Timing issues are based on __________.

A. shortest path.


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B. critical Timing paths.

C. testing tools.

D. test suite.

ANSWER: B

54. ____________ is a quality model for object oriented design.

A. SATC.

B. NASA.

C. SASC.

D. QMOOD.

ANSWER: D

55. The functional testing is sometimes called __________.

A. white box testing.

B. unit testing.

C. glass box testing.

D. black box testing.

ANSWER: D

56. The structural testing is sometimes called ___________.

A. glass box testing.

B. black box testing.

C. unit testing.

D. white box testing.

ANSWER: D

57. Which of the following is a white box technique?

A. Statement testing.

B. Process testing.

C. System flow testing.

D. State transition testing.

ANSWER: A

58. __________ assist the programmer to reduce complexity and improve reusability.

A. Encapsulation.

B. Message Passing.

C. Polymorphism.

D. Data hiding.

ANSWER: C

59. Encapsulation and Inheritance contributes to the ________ of the software.

A. Efficiency.

B. Complexity.

C. Reusability.

D. Testability.

ANSWER: A

60. ______ are very effective as an aid to software inspection.


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A. Static analyzers.

B. Static tools.

C. Static Testing.

D. Dynamic Testing.

ANSWER: A

61. ________ may reveal the faulty programming constructs at various levels.


B. Static tools.

C. Static Testing.

D. Dynamic Testing.

ANSWER: C

62. Static testing will take care of semantic validity of the ________ .

A. design.

B. requirement.

C. test case.

D. source code.

ANSWER: D

63. . A complete static testing may be performed for all the modules in the product before _________.

A. unit testing.

B. integration testing.

C. stress testing.

D. regression testing.

ANSWER: A

64. For the languages that have strong type checking, static testing is _______.

A. less cost effective.

B. high cost effective.

C. not cost effective.

D. none.

ANSWER: A

65. Testing done when the software is actually running is called_________.

A. static testing.

B. dynamic testing.

C. stress testing.

D. regression testing.

ANSWER: B

66. ________ from static analysis include all sorts of anomalies in the code.

A. Design.

B. Report.

C. Test case.

D. Source code.

ANSWER: B


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67. Unit cost of detecting bugs by static testing is ____ than detecting bugs by dynamic testing.

A. less.

B. more.

C. same.

D. none.

ANSWER: A

68. Enormous amount of anomalies are generated by the ____________.


B. Static tools.

C. Static Testing.

D. Dynamic Testing.

ANSWER: A

69. It is not feasible to perform _______ after each compilation.


B. Static tools.

C. Static Testing.

D. Dynamic Testing.

ANSWER: C

70. ______ is performed by the tester who carries out all the actions manually, step by step.

A. Automated Testing.

B. Manual Testing.

C. Static Testing.

D. Dynamic Testing.

ANSWER: B

71. _______ can be given to the development staff to provide a clear description of the way the application

should flow across use cases.

A. Manual test scripts.

B. Static tools.

C. Static Test script.

D. Dynamic Test script.

ANSWER: A

72. ________ are similar peer review processes that involve the author of the program, the tester, secretary

and a moderator.

A. Manual Test.

B. Static Test.

C. Inspection.

D. Walkthrough.

ANSWER: D

73. The objective of walkthrough is to discuss the logic behind the _______.

A. design.

B. requirement.

C. maintenance.


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D. code.

ANSWER: D

74. The walkthrough leader may also serve as a________.

A. recorder.

B. team member.

C. coder.

D. database administrator.

ANSWER: A

75. Inspection is a______ step process.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 5

ANSWER: D

76. _________ is a well formalized process.

A. Manual Test.

B. Static Test.

C. Inspection.

D. Walkthrough.

ANSWER: C

77. Inspection takes ______ time than walkthrough.

A. less.

B. more.

C. same.

D. none.

ANSWER: B

78. The goal of ____________ is to evaluate a project plan or project status relative to the plan.

A. Formal Technical Review.

B. Management Review.

C. Design Review.

D. Technical Review.

ANSWER: B

79. The goal of ____ is to examine the product and the result of any assurance activities already conducted

on the product.



C. Design Review.

D. Technical Review.

ANSWER: A

80. Technical Review is otherwise known as _________.



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C. Design Review.

D. Progress Review.

ANSWER: D

81. Re-inspection is to inspect the products to avoid ______ problem.

A. code ambiguity.

B. bad-fix.

C. best-fix.

D. design flaws.

ANSWER: B

82. A _______error is generated by inputing a correct sentence during an incorrect state.

A. syntax.

B. delimiter.

C. field value.

D. state dependency.

ANSWER: D

83. ________ is also called clear or glass box technique.

A. White Box.

B. Black Box.

C. Grey Box.

D. none.

ANSWER: A

84. Black box testing is also known as ________.

A. code based testing.

B. user oriented testing.

C. specification based testing.

D. logic based testing.

ANSWER: C

85. _________ can be used to reduce the number of test cases which are to be developed.


B. Syntax testing.

C. Finite State testing.

D. Equivalence Partitioning.

ANSWER: D

86. A _______ is the abstraction of the data attributes of a class.

A. state.

B. object.

C. message.

D. constructor.

ANSWER: A

87. A _______ is composed of an event, a guard and an action.


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A. state.

B. object.

C. transition.

D. constructor.

ANSWER: C

88. _____ criteria may be used to select white-box test cases by using dependencies between variables and

their usage.

A. State.

B. Object.

C. Data flow.

D. Constructor.

ANSWER: C

89. _________ uses the possible execution paths in a program, may be used to select white box test cases.

A. State.

B. Control Flow.

C. Data flow.

D. Constructor.

ANSWER: B

90. A common test technique during component test is ____________.

A. statement and branch testing.

B. usability testing.

C. security testing.

D. performance testing.

ANSWER: A

91. ________ is a fault –based technique used to test the quality of the test suite.


B. Mutation testing.



ANSWER: B

92. _________ can uncover ambiguities in code.


B. Mutation testing.



ANSWER: B

93. Standard set of mutation operators may lead to a vast number of ______.

A. operations.

B. mutants.

C. programs.

D. assignments.

ANSWER: B


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94. Stubborn mutants are non-equivalent but difficult to______.

A. operate.

B. create.

C. kill.

D. assign values.

ANSWER: C

95. Test documentation is important for conducting the test and for the reuse of the test program during

____________.

A. maintenance.

B. plan.

C. code.

D. design.

ANSWER: A

96. A ___________ is a central repository of data made available to users.

A. data base.

B. data warehouse.

C. data mine.

D. data process.

ANSWER: B

97. The ______is undertaken to solve a business problem.

A. testing.

B. requirements phase.

C. inventory.

D. accounts.

ANSWER: B

98. Boundary value analysis is a form of _______ testing.

A. functional testing.

B. Usability testing.

C. Performance testing.

D. Security testing.

ANSWER: A

99. ________ refers to the technique of testing a system with limited knowledge of the internals of the

system.

A. functional testing.

B. Usability testing.

C. Gray Box testing.

D. Security testing.

ANSWER: C

100. Scenarios uncover _________ errors.

A. action.

B. benefit.


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C. interaction.

D. model.

ANSWER: C

101. The node is used for _____________ on software testing.

A. transaction.

B. data.

C. conversion.

D. control.

ANSWER: A

102. _____ testing begins after 2-3 units have been successfully unit-tested.

A. Innovation.

B. Integration.

C. Model.

D. Immediate.

ANSWER: B

103. Error guessing is best used for __________.

A. formal techniques have been applied.

B. the first approach to deriving test cases.

C. by inexperienced testers.

D. after the system has gone live.

ANSWER: A

104. The purpose of requirement phase is to _________________.

A. do behavioral study.

B. find technical needs.

C. do economic study.

D. understand user needs.

ANSWER: D

105. The process starting with the terminal modules is called ___________.

A. top-down integration.

B. bottom-up integration.

C. unit integration.

D. module integration.

ANSWER: B

106. The inputs for developing a test plan are taken from _____________.

A. project plan.

B. business plan.

C. support plan.

D. defect prevention.

ANSWER: A

107. Function/Test matrix is a type of ________________.

A. interim Test report.


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B. final test report.

C. project status report.

D. management report.

ANSWER: C

108. Defect Management process does not include ______________________.

A. defect prevention.

B. deliverable base-lining.

C. management reporting.

D. prevention reporting.

ANSWER: B

109. Software testing accounts to what percent of software development costs?

A. 10-20.

B. 40-50.

C. 70-80.

D. 5-10.

ANSWER: B

110. A testing strategy begins with _________ assessment.

A. design.

B. need.

C. risk.

D. code.

ANSWER: C

111. A _______ is a chance of an error occurrence related to the damage expected when this error does

occur.

A. design.

B. need.

C. risk.

D. code.

ANSWER: C

112. A continuous improvement approach developed to monitor and enhance the effectiveness of the

software testing process is called _________.

A. Quantifiable specification of requirement.

B. Assuring user’s acceptability.

C. designing automated testing.

D. monitoring and improving testing process.

ANSWER: D

113. “Are we building the product right?” refers to ___________.

A. Verification.

B. Validation.

C. Testing.

D. Automation.

ANSWER: A


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114. “Are we building the right product?” refers to ____________.

A. Verification.

B. Validation.

C. Testing.

D. Automation.

ANSWER: B

115. The planning of ________ is the responsibility of the development team leader and should be

developed with reference to the overall development and testing plan.

A. Verification.

B. Validation.

C. Unit Testing.

D. Automation.

ANSWER: D

116. Creating mutants of the program by making single changes then run test cases until all mutants have

been killed is called _______.

A. Mutation test data.

B. Output domain testing.

C. Fault seeding.

D. Mutation testing.

ANSWER: C

117. Ensure the set of test cases exercises every statement at once is _______.


B. Statement testing.

C. Fault seeding.


ANSWER: B

118. Design test cases so that every path is exercised is called __________.



C. Fault seeding.

D. Path testing.

ANSWER: D

119. Design test cases that will produce output at the extreme of the output domain is called _________.



C. Fault seeding.


ANSWER: B

120. ___________ is an incremental approach to gradually build the program structure.

A. Non functional program.

B. Top down integration.


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C. Bottom approach integration.

D. Manual integration.

ANSWER: B

121. ____ is to ensure that the unchanged system segments function properly.

A. System testing.

B. Stress testing.

C. Regression testing.

D. Alpha testing.

ANSWER: C

122. A new approach to develop large complicated software application system based on available and

reusable components is known as _____.

A. Agent programming.

B. message passing.

C. Component based software engineering.

D. Case based software engineering.

ANSWER: C

123. In ___ testing activities are performed by the component vendors to validate a component based on its

specifications.

A. User oriented component testing.

B. Vendor oriented component testing.

C. Functional requirements testing.

D. Component based software testing.

ANSWER: B

124. _______ involves a component validation process to make sure that every involved software

component delivers the specified functions, interface and performance.

A. User oriented component testing.

B. Vendor oriented component testing.

C. Functional requirements testing.

D. Component based software testing.

ANSWER: A

125. The ___ was originally developed from the waterfall software process model.

A. V Model.

B. W Model.

C. B Model.

D. Z Model.

ANSWER: A

126. In the context of software testing V stands for _____.

A. Verification.

B. Validation.

C. Victory.

D. Verification and Validation.

ANSWER: D


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127. The _________ model defines the tangible phases of the software development.

A. V Model.

B. W Model.

C. B Model.

D. Z Model.

ANSWER: A

128. The _____ demands written testing documentation and gives equal weight to development and testing.

A. V Model.

B. W Model.

C. B Model.

D. Z Model.

ANSWER: A

129. B model is known as _______.

A. Butter model.

B. Bad model.

C. Better model.

D. Butterfly model.

ANSWER: D

130. Test analysis, test execution and test design are the components of _______.

A. V Model.

B. W Model.

C. B Model.

D. . Z Model.

ANSWER: C

131. In B Model ____ is the key factor for effective planning.

A. Test analysis.

B. Test Design.

C. Test Execution.

D. Test case.

ANSWER: A

132. In B Model ____ is the important component.

A. Test analysis.

B. Test Design.

C. Test Execution.

D. Test case.

ANSWER: B

133. ________ proposes a logical sequence in which the identified phases should be approached.

A. V Model.

B. W Model.

C. B Model.

D. Z Model.


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ANSWER: A

134. Which of the following defines the expected results of a test?

A. Test case specification.

B. Test design specification.

C. Test procedure specification.

D. Test results.

ANSWER: A

135. Which of the following is correct?

A. Impact analysis assesses the effect on the system of a defect found in regression testing.

B. Impact analysis assesses the effect of a new person joining the regression test team.

C. Impact analysis assesses whether or not a defect found in regression testing has been fixed correctly.

D. Impact analysis assesses the effect of a change to the system to determine how much regression

testing to do.

ANSWER: D

136. As part of which test process do you determine the exit criteria?

A. Test planning.

B. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting.

C. Test closure.

D. Test control.

ANSWER: A

137. Which of the following is a MAJOR task of test implementation and execution?

A. Measuring and analyzing results.

B. Reporting discrepancies as incidents.

C. Identifying test conditions or test requirements.

D. Assessing if more tests are needed.

ANSWER: B

138. What is beta testing?

A. Testing performed by potential customers at the developers location.

B. Testing performed by potential customers at their own locations.

C. Testing performed by product developers at the customer's location.

D. Testing performed by product developers at their own locations.

ANSWER: B

139. Which activity in the fundamental test process creates test suites for efficient test execution?

A. Implementation and execution.

B. Planning and control.

C. Analysis and design.

D. Test closure.

ANSWER: A

140. The major role of the ______ is to guide all the testing activities.

A. test case.

B. test generation.


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C. test tool.

D. test plan.

ANSWER: D

141. ________ is a stable area for independent systems and integration testing y the test team.

A. Test environment.

B. Test generation.

C. Test tool.

D. Test plan.

ANSWER: D

142. The major disadvantage of top-down approach is need for _________.

A. critical module.

B. skeleton.

C. stub.

D. project.

ANSWER: C

143. _________ couples top-down, bottom-up for upper and sub ordinate levels.

A. Alpha testing.

B. Unit testing.

C. Sandwich testing.

D. Performance testing.

ANSWER: C

144. _________ is the process of executing all or the selected number of test cases and observing the

results.


B. Test generation.

C. Test operation.

D. Test plan.

ANSWER: C

145. Successful web-based testing necessitates a_____________ of web-based testing tools.

A. portfolio.

B. integrate.

C. factor.

D. buy.

ANSWER: A

146. Web-based testing only needs to be done once for any applications using the _______.

A. internet.

B. intranet.

C. web.

D. e-commerce.

ANSWER: C

147. The test transactions needed to ________ the software testing.


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A. value.

B. validate.

C. execute.

D. value made.

ANSWER: B

148. The test documentation is a part of the systems_____________.

A. computer.

B. analysis.

C. retest.

D. documentation.

ANSWER: D

149. Test documentation is important for conducting the test and for the reuse of the test program during

____________.

A. maintenance.

B. plan.

C. code.

D. design.

ANSWER: A

150. _______ is the formal communication channel that test manager uses to inform the rest of the

organization about the progress made by the testing team.


B. Test generation.

C. Test status report.

D. Test plan.

ANSWER: C

Staff Name

SRIVIDHYA.R.


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