GSM Evolution

EDGE

GPRS for GSM

High Speed Circuit Switched Data

Evolution to UMTS

GSM Evolution Overview

GSM Evolution Overview

Functionality

GSM Evolution

Speech

SMS

CSD < 14.4 kbps

GSMIN

HSCSD < 57.6 kbps

GSM+GPRS

124-171kbps

EDGE384

kbps

GSM++UMTS

~2 Mbps

Time

GSM: Global System for Mobile TelecommunicationsEDGE: Enhanced Data Rate for GSM EvolutionSMS: Short Message ServiceCSD: Circuit Switched DataIN: Intelligent NetworkHSCSD: High Speed CSDGPRS: General Packet Radio ServiceUMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service

1992 2002

Service Opportunities vs. Channel Data Rate

Channel Data Rate

Narrowband Wideband Broadband(9.6 to 64 kbps) (64 kbps to 2 Mbps) (> 2 Mbps )

S

ervi

ceO

pp

ort

un

itie

s

GSM GPRS UMTSBroadband WLANs

1. Circuit switched services

2. Packet data and wireless multimedia services

• GPRS: 170 kbps• UMTS: 2 Mbps indoor

3. Expanded multimedia services

• WLANs: 2 to 11 Mbps

1992-1999 2000 - 2002

• HSCSD: 57.6 kbps

B

its

per

Sec

on

d

10 k

100 k

1 M

GSM (CSD)

GPRS

EDGE

UTRA(W-CDMA)

Number of Data Users

Data Capabilities in GSM (to 3G)

GPRS: General Packet Radio ServiceEDGE: Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution

UTRA: UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access

High Speed Circuit Switched Data

(HSCSD)

High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) in GSM

• Enables co-allocation of multiple full rate traffic channels into a HSCSD configuration

• Provides new speed of 14.4 kbps per time slot due to a nominal reduction in error-correction overhead of RLP

• Needs relatively standard upgrades to base station and mobile switching center

RLP: Radio Link Protocol

General Packet Radio Service

(GPRS) for GSM

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Capabilities

• Enhances GSM data services significantly by providing end-to-end packet switched data connection

• Offers data services up to 115 kbps using TCP/IP and X.25

• Provides a platform on which to build IMT-2000 frequencies

• Allows to connect with any data source from any where in the world

TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

What Does GPRS Provide?

• A service for busty and bulky data transfer• Use of radio resources only on demand• Shared use of physical radio resources• Use of existing GSM functionality (as far as possible)• Satisfy needs for most applications• Mobile stations for mass application market• Volume dependent charging• Integrated services, operation and management• Reduced connection set-up times• Support existing packet-oriented protocols such as

X.25 and IP• Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint services

GPRS Point-to-point Services

• Messaging (e.g., e-mail)• Remote access to corporate networks• Access to Internet• Credit cards validation (point of sales)• Utility meter readings• Road toll applications• Automatic Train Control (ATC)

GPRS Point-to-multipoint (PTM) Services

• PTM-multicast (send to all)• News• Traffic information• Weather forecasts• Financial updates• PTM-group call (send to some)• Taxi, fleet management• Conferencing

GPRS Data Capabilities

• The user can access packet data network based on– X.25– IP (with dynamic or static allocation)

• Multiple data sessions in operation at one time

GPRS/ GSM Network Architecture

MAP-F

MAP-H MAP-C

MAP-DGr

Gd

Gn

Gi

Gb

Gp

Gc

R Um

TE BSSMT SGSN

GGSN EIR

GGSN

MSC/VLR HLR

SM-SC

PDN

Other PLMN

SMS-GMSCSMS-IWMSC

SGSN: Serving GPRS Support NodeGGSN: Gateway GPRS Support NodeMAP: Mobile Application PartHLR: Home Location RegisterVLR: Visitor Location RegisterMSC: Mobile Switching CenterBSS: Base Station SystemGMSC: Gateway MSCIWMSC: Interworking MSCTE: Terminal EquipmentMT: Mobile Terminal EIR: Equipment Identity Register

GSA

Signaling + Information

Signaling

Network Reference Model

TE

Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution

(EDGE)

EDGE

• An evolution of GSM technology for higher data rates

• Greater than 69 kbps per time slot at air interface

• Faster GPRS (EGPRS)

• Higher speed circuit-switched data

• Hardware/software modifications needed

EDGE Capabilities

· 384 kbps data capability to satisfy the IMT-2000 specifications for pedestrian (microcell) and low speed vehicular (macrocell) environments

· 144 kbps data capability for high speed vehicular environment· 2 Mbps requirement for indoor office is met by using wide band

EDGE (1.6 MHz) carrier· May be combined with GPRS and HSCSD to create:

– EGPRS with collective gross data rate of 65.2 kbps– ECSD (with channel coding to improve BER) with 38.4 kbps/timeslot;

time slots may be aggregated

ECSD: Enhanced Circuit switched Data

EGPRS: Enhanced General Packet Radio Service

GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

HSCSD: High Speed CSD

EDGE Phase 1

• 200 kHz carrier spacing• 8 TDMA time-slots• Modulation Formats

Quaternary-offset-QAM (~16-QAM) Binary-offset-QAM (~QPSK) GMSK

• Set of convolutional codes for channel coding to improve BER

EDGE Adaptations

EDGE Classic EDGE Compact

Deployment GSM Networks For IS-36 Networks

Reuse 4 cell / 12 sector 1 cell / 3 sector

Spectrum 2.4 MHz 1 MHz

Max Bundled TS 8 4

EDGE Phase 2

• EDGE Phase 2 can have greater than 2 Mbps by using new modulation format - Double-EDGE

• Characteristics: 2.6 M-symbols/s 0.384 ms symbol duration; Typical Indoor TS=0.4ms B/Q-O-QAM —> 8-PSK 1.6 MHz Channels, FDD and TTD Max 4.7 Mbps

• EDGE Is a 3G System not simply a 2+ feature! EDGE potentially offers 3G services at 2G price!

GPRS & EDGE Role in Mobile Data

Services Data Rates Remarks CSD: Circuit Switched Data in GSM 9.6 kbps/TS (14.4 kbps Data uses a voice channel defined but not yet offered) SMS: Short Message Service 0.001 to 0.1 kbps Data travels only on CCH (160 Bytes/message) CDPD: Cellular Digital Packet Data, 13.2 kbps (UL) Data uses idle voice channels. Offered in D-AMPS 12.1 kbps (DL) Voice has priority. No bundling of channels HSCSD: High Speed CSD Concatenation of up to 8 TSs Multislot operation of CSD i.e., 76.8 kbps GPRS: General Packet Radio 9.05 kbps with CS-1 up to New packet random access. Service, 4 different Coding 21.4 kbps per TS with CS-4 Slotted ALOHA reservation. Schemes defined 171.2 kbps for 8-slot mobiles Packet Switched System with GMSK Modulation EGPRS: Enhanced GPRS 8.8 kbps with MCS-1 up to EDGE Concept uses GMSK and using EDGE concept with 9 59.2 kbps with MCS-9 per TS 8-PSK. Smooth transition from coding schemes MCS-1 , …, MCS-9 473.6 kbps for 8 slot mobiles GPRS. Link adaptation Incremental . Redundancy EDGE Compact: ETSI EDGE for IS-136HS Theoretically like EGPRS, but Uses 1 MHz of spectrum, i.e., 1/3 reuse (North American TDMA) will definitely be lower due to must be applied. CCHs need to be Tighter reuse synchronized BSS network

UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication 2 Mbps CDMA with TDD and FDD modes. 2 Mbps System for in-house and pico-cells. 384 kbps

for. Outdoor or Macro-cells

BRAN: Broadband radio Access Network 25 Mbps.. 155 Mbps OFDM: HIPERLAN 25 Mpbps, HIPER-ACCESS 25 Mbps, HIPERLINK 155 Mbps

Evolution to Universal Mobile

Telecommunications Systems (UMTS)

Future of GSMFuture of GSM

384 kb/s wide area2 Mb/s local area

64/115 kb/s wide area384 kb/s local area

Access to people

(voice and data)

Access to information &

people (multimedia)

Wideband to Broadband

Narrowband to Wideband

PSTNISDN+

InternetInternet+

GSM RadioAccess Network

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

(UTRAN)

GSM IMT-2000 GSM /IMT-2000

TCP / IPISUP +

A lu

Access to people and information

GSM / UMTSCore Network

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN)

Node BNode Bcell

cellcell

cellcell

cell

SGSNGGSN MSC

Node BNode B

cellcell

cellcell

cellcell

RNC RNC

To PSDN or

InternetTo PSTN

HLR

Uu

UE

Iub

Iur

IupServing

Radio NetworkSybsystem (RNS)

Drift RNS

UMTS TerrestrialRadio Access

Network(UTRAN)

Iuc

Iub

UMTS Core Network

UMTS Air Interface