41 48 ulysses
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
1/8
.
,
.
,
,
1513 ,
, .
, ,
.
.
,
, 1200 .
, .
.
,
.
,
Greeks as navigators
According to a theory Greeks discovered the
American continent thousands of years ago.
Christopher Columbus, according to Emilio
Taviani, conceives the idea for the discovering
of the New World in Chios, where he obtained
the ancient Chios, where he obtained the ancient
Greek maps according to which he traced his
route. The existence of these maps is also con-
firmed by the Ottoman cartographer Pirie
Race, captain ofSuleiman the Great, who de-
signed his first map in 1513 based, as he says, on
about twenty old maps. This accuracy and the
details established later led to the conclusion thatPirie Races sources referred to the ancient
Greek civilization. A civilization so advanced,
as to know about America, centuries before
Christopher Columbus.
And of course there remains the question how
the ancient Greek navigators knew the Atlantic
and the continent beyond it that is America, be-
fore 1200 b.C. Aristophanes in Ornithes calls
the Greeks storks because they always move
around. This characteristic as well as their inter-est to meet new places and their commercial acu-
men led our ancestors to travel towards all direc-
tions.
Their knowledge on shipbuilding, geography
and astronomy was such that allowed them to
make that kind of voyages. They knew before the
Trojan War the Cassiterides islandsthat is Ire-
land and Britain, places from where they ac-
quired tin as well as thecountries of the North
Sea from where they brought amber. This way
epm epm1
1719Tsitsis Alexandros
2ndLyceum of Neapolis
Thessaloniki, Greece
DID ULYSSES ROAMING
TAKE PLACE IN THE
ATLANTIC?
;
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
2/8
,
().
8 .
.
,
()
,
.
,
.
, ,
.
.
, ,
.
,
.
Hellenism was showing a picture of colonialism
in the 8th
century b.C. A central hearth, the
Mother-Country (metropolis) and a galaxy of
colonies and dominions the number of which is so
big that it takespages for their names only to be
referred. These numerous Greekhearths are gath-
ered in a geographical area extending from Cau-
casus to the Iberian Peninsula, transforming the
Mediterranean into an interior sea.
Ulysses roaming
About Odyssey the majority of the researchers
used to accept the classic opinion that Ulysses
voyage was in the Mediterranean.
Many ideas were expressed on this problem.
Somehow vaguely the philological research had
accepted in our century the beliefs of the French
Parliament member and Homer expert Victor
Bernard according to whom the roaming was astory of Phoenician origin that describes the
West and Central Mediterranean. This is the
view we have been taught at school apart from its
Phoenician character.
Since then and during the third fourth of our
century, exceptional essays were written on this
subject by other French researchers. The last
word in the relative philology is
the theory of the famous profes-
sor of Sorbonne and Cretan spe-cialist Paul Fore who globally
declared in 1980 his amazing
theory that Ulysses roaming is
a circle around the coasts of
Crete and Ulysses was a Cretan
of the Minoic Era.
Henriette Mertz, Gilber
Pigio, Robert Philip and others
came to realize that according
to the distances and the phe-
epm epm2
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
ITHACA. ULYSSES HOMELAND
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
3/8
1980
.
, ,
.
Henriette
Mertz
.
.
.
.
, ,
.
, .
, ,
, ,
.
.
4
, ,
nomena.
I am going to analyze further down Odyssey is
the first ancient story of an overseas voyage in the
Atlantic.
Before these two French researchers, the
American International Law expert and Homer
expert too, Henriette Mertz made long journeysto solve the problem. She walked all over the An-
des and roamed with ship several islands of the
Ocean and the surrounding coasts, a task which.
This, apart from being arduous, was also pointless
because in the Atlantic Ocean there are so many
thousands of islands and nations, who speak many
dialects, that its too difficult for somebody to lis-
ten to and see it all. Although, she mentions many
fictitious information she has found positively and
admittedly two points of the Homeric roaming,
which make the reader wonder why nobody elsehad found them before.
They all start from the same text, Odyssey,
and yet one researcher sends Ulysses to the North
Pole, the other to Cape Town in Africa, and
somebody else to Florida or the Caspian Sea. All
these contradictive results lead themselves to the
conclusion that any such conversation is in vain.
The particulars which the poet gives on Ulysses
roaming are so general and vague that they allow
everyone to send Ulysses to the four ends of theworld.
Correspondences between Odyssey and
modern geography
Lets see now some records about the amazing
analogies that exist between the information that
Odyssey gives and the ones given by modern ge-
ography and history. The reader should bear in
mind that the analogies given couldnt be coinci-
dental or random. They are so scandalously obvi-
epm epm3
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
4/8
.
, ,
.
.
1. .
-
.
2.
.
.
, ,
.
3.
.
.
4. , ,
,
.
.
;1.
.
ous that it is impossible to reach a worthless con-
clusion.
Azores, Calypsos Island
As far as Calypsos Island is concerned the
crossing of the elements ofOdyssey with todays
information is so often that is impossible forHen-
rietta Mertz to make mistakes:
1. Homer calls the island omphalos (navel) of
the sea. The Azores are indeed in the centre of the
Northern basin of the Atlantic, completely isolated
all around and in an equal distance from both the
American coast of the New Earth and the Euro-
pean one ofPortugal.
2. Homer talks about the amount of the sea-
birds on this island, the sea carrion crows and the
sea hawks. The Azores means sea hawks in Por-
tuguese. The first Portuguese navigators that dis-
covered it in the middle of the ocean were im-pressed by the unbelievable flocks and the deafen-
ing cries of the seabirds on the sands and the rocks
of these islands.
3. Homer talks about trailing vines on this is-
land. The main production of these islands in our
days is grapes.
4. Homer mentions four boiling springs which,
while they are near each other they send their wa-
ters towards different directions. This strange phe-
nomenon which disregards the lows of gravity
would be inexplicable in the mind of someonewho hasnt seen or hasnt heard of the Geysers. It
is ejected hot water coming from volcanic ground
just like the ground of these islands. And there is
also something else.
Was or wasnt the Phaekes country an is-
land?
1.After Calypso and her island Ulysses
reaches to a point where he sees land in exactly
eighteen days sailing straight ahead and having a
epm epm4
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
5/8
.
.
.
.
.
.
!
!
.
;
.
, .
. .
4
1800 .
, ,
.
.
(
) . 18
.
20
helpful wind. He
sees the shadowy
mountains in the
Phaekes country.
He is mindful to
stay awake and
not to stray from
his route. The
goddesss direc-tions given to him
before leaving
were clear and steady: To watch out for the Great
Bear and the Pleiades on the left. He sees no
other island or land.
He is supposed to be heading towards Ithaca.
Although Ulysses hasnt lost his direction miracu-
lously the Phaekes country comes in front of
him. Nowhere does Homer speak about the
Phaekes island so it obvious that anybody canwonder. Whats all this writing about it being an
island? In the one hundred times that Homer men-
tions this place nowhere does he say that it is an
island. So, Ulysses reaches this country after sail-
ing east wards for eighteen whole days and nights.
Of course, his handmade boat does not have a keel
and so she couldnt sail quickly, but it had a sail
and a steering wheel. According to possible calcu-
lations running with four kilometers per hour he
should have covered around one thousand eight
hundred kilometers. This is the exact distance be-tween the Azores and Cadix, outside Gibraltar
where we should place the Phaekes country.
But if the Phaekes country is located some-
where here (in the coasts of the Cadix gulf in
South Spain) then the place of the and the length
of the voyage match perfectly. In eighteen days
distance on a sailing boat, a helpful wind and hav-
ing on your right the Pleiades and the Great Bear
we reached from Spain to Azores!
epm epm5
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
ARNOLD BOCKLIN
ULYSSE ET CALYPSO, 1882
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
6/8
. .
, .
, ,
. .
.
. .
(
)
.
.
1. ;
2.
.
.
;
3.
;
4.
;
5. .
.
.
.
.
.
(
)
Scylla and
Charybdis
Scylla is de-
fined in Homer as
very tall with
steep vertical
slopes as if cut by
knife so that it is
impossible foranyone to climb,
even if they had
20 hands and feet as Homer cites. There is no such
cliff, of course. It is cited that the summit is hid-
den by the clouds which never scatter; not even in
high summer. It is also cited that no ship should
sail near because it rushes unexpectedly. No such
cliff exists; that it grabs sailors from the ship
decks and that in its foot and centre there is a cave
which looks over to Hades (the Underworld) and
Darkness. No such cliff exists. What does exist isa frequent phenomenon in the proximity near the
American coasts (in certain latitude on either side
of the Equator) called sea whirlwind. It has all
the above characteristics:
1. No one can climb it;
2. Its summit is always surrounded by black
clouds;
3. The scientific name used for this cloud is
Melanias (inky) and it is a prerequisite for the
whirlwind because it starts from it like a trunkand it sucks the water of the sea;
4. It rushes unexpectedly moving at high speed
on the sea level while occasionally it stops
short as if hesitating to move;
5. It does grab sailors from the ship decks an
does send them to the underworld and the
darkness.
Homer unites that it barks loudly. This means
that it is accompanied by a hollow roar which all
epm epm6
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
THE GREEK SEA MONSTERSKYLLA (MOSAIC, HOUSE OF
DIONYSUS, PAPHOS, CYPRUS
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
7/8
16 .
(
) 60 .
.
.
.
. ,
.
.
.
.
Mertz
Golf Stream,
.
.
.
James Joyce
whirlwinds have and
the gunshot-like rumble
they produce when they
collapse.
What are left are
Charybdis and the Si-
rens. Here we must be
more careful. The re-searcher apparently
closer to the truth is
Pilliot. He prefers as
Charybdis (which according to Homer was a liv-
ing monster which sucked huge quantities of wa-
ter and then it disgorged it abruptly) the Foundy
gulf in the Newfound Land coast in the American
Continent. Where the highest level of the water
between ebb and flood reaches the 16 meters.
While in the Messini pass (in the Mediterranean
as other researchers claim). It is only 60 cm; thatis something barely visible. As for the Sirens, it
can be any extended sands. There not being able
to find any hunt or water the sailors mooring
would die a martyr death and their bones would
whiten later on the sands. A similar characteristic
adventure was that of an anonymous colored
woman who Vasco de Gamas sailors had with
them and left on Na-
mibias huge sands in
north-west Africa in or-
der to reach the island onfoot to bring them in
contact with the natives.
This woman never came
back. She was found
dead. The extent of the
sands, where only the
blowing of the wind
could be heard, was so
large that the woman
never reached a popu-
epm epm7
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
HOMER
ROMAN PORTRAIT
ULYSSES AND HIS MEN
BLINDING THE CYCLOPS
POLYPHEMUS(DETAIL OF
A PROTO-ATTIC AM-
PHORA, C. 650 BC
MUSEUM OF ELEUSIS)
-
8/14/2019 41 48 Ulysses
8/8
.
.
,
,
.
Bibliography
1. 49
1995:
2. 5, 2001:
Iconography
1. www.joyceimages.com/browse.php?chapter=11
2. www.artship.org/TarantellaNew1106/
PublicFestival.htm
3. www.hellenica.de/Griechenland/Geo/GR/
Ithaki.html
4. www.sitesandphotos.com/catalog/
images/253039.jpg
5. en.wikipedia.org/?title=Polyphemus
6. www.umich.edu/.../Paintings/Paintings.htm
7. www.hit360.com/.../article.php?article_id=38
lated area. She died of
exhaustion and her
skeleton was found
bleached white.
The Sirens myth
wanted to protect the
prehistoric sailors
from the dangers of a
hasty and thoughtlessdisembarkation on any
coast they saw in the
horizon when they
approached with yelling and screaming after many
months of torture in the sea.
Conclusion
If one accepts as correct Mertzs two views on
the location, that is that Ogigia is an island in the
Azores and the river Ocean is the famous Golf
Stream, then every theory on the Mediterraneanbegins to fall to pieces. Homers grandeur is even
more recognized. The Odyssey acquires a new
more charming background than Iliad. A great
Irish novelist and historian, James Joyce, has al-
ready characterized Odyssey as the greatest liter-
ary composition of all times.
The ancient civilization was not only about/
has not only to do with Philosophy and the Fine
Arts. It was also about Geography, Astronomy,
explorations and campains.
epm epm8
1719EPM
History of
Science andTechnology
ULYSSES AND SIRENSATTIC VASE-PAINTING
5th CENTURY B.C.ULYSSES AND SIRENS
ENGRAVING (1886)