4th editionL. H. Sperling

ISBN 0-471-70606-X

Part 1.Introduction to Polymer Science

Midterm + Final 50 %

Quizzes 50 %

1. Introduction to Polymer Science2. Chain Structure and Configuration3. Dilute Solution4. Concentrated Solution 5. The amorphous state6. The crystalline state7. Polymers in the liquid crystalline state8. Glass-Rubber Transition Behavior9. Cross-linked Polymers and Rubber Elasticty10. Polymer Viscoelasticity and Rheology11. Mechanical Behavior of Polymers12. Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces13. Muticomponent Polymeric Materials14. Modern Polymer Topics

Part 2.Polymer Crystallography

Crystallization MechanismDiffraction (WAXS/SAXS)

Chapter 1. Introduction to Polymer Science

Polymer comes from life

From Caouchouc (“weeping tree”) to vulcanized rubber

Charles Goodyear (1800-1860)

Vulcanization of natural rubber

HERMANN STAUDINGER (1881-1965)

                                                           1953 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry. Background Residence: Germany

Macromolecular Hypothesis

1.1 From little molecules to big molecules

Alkane/Polyethylene

Monomer oligomer polymer

Molecular weight-melting temperature relationship for the alkane series

Tm of PE

Comparison of wax and polyethylene structure and morphology

Entanglement of polymer chains

Low molecular weightNo entanglement

High molecular weightChains are entangled

1.2 Molecular weight and molecular weight distributions

1.2.1 Effect on tensile strength

b is tenile stress to breakMn is the number-average molecular weightA and B are constants

1.2.2 Molecular weight average

Number average molecular weight

Weight average molecular weight

Mw/Mn: polydispersity index

1.3 Major polymer transition

1. Glassy2. glassy transition3. rubbery plateau4. Rubbery flow5. Viscous flow

1.4 Polymer synthesis and structure

1.4.1 Chain polymerization1.4.1.1 Free Radical polymerization

1.4.1.2 initiation

InitiationPropagationtermination

1.4.1.3 propagation

1.4.1.4 termination

1.4.2 Step polymerization

1.4.2.1 A polyester condensation reaction

Nylon 4

Nylon 48

1.4.2.2 Stepwise nomenclature and structures

1.5 Cross-linking, plasticizers, and fillers

The cross-linking of rubber with sulfur is called “vulcanization”

1.7 Historical development of industrial polymers

PE

PP

PB

PI

PS

PAN

PVC

PVA PVAC

Teflon

PMMA

POM

Nylon66

Nylon6

PPO

PEO

PET