Rise of AthensRise of Athenshttp://www.youtube.com/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IndRAsYX4W4watch?v=IndRAsYX4W4

Development of Democracy in Development of Democracy in AthensAthens

Classical Athens developed the Classical Athens developed the most most democraticdemocratic system of system of government the world had ever government the world had ever seen, although not everyone seen, although not everyone could participate in could participate in decision-decision-makingmaking. It became a . It became a foundationfoundation of modern democracies.of modern democracies.

Development of Democracy in Development of Democracy in AthensAthens

Athenian government evolved Athenian government evolved through through many stagesmany stages

Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy 11stst…Athens was ruled by a …Athens was ruled by a

monarchymonarchy mono – onemono – one archy – rule & governmentarchy – rule & government Monarchy – Monarchy – rule by onerule by one

MonoMonoLatin prefix Latin prefix

meaning one. meaning one.

-Archy-ArchyGreek ending Greek ending combining rule combining rule & government & government

Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy It evolved into an It evolved into an aristocracyaristocracy

aristo – land owneraristo – land owner archy – governmentarchy – government Aristocracy – Aristocracy – government by landownergovernment by landowner

-Archy-ArchyGreek ending Greek ending

combining combining rule & rule &

government government

Aristo-Aristo-Greek meaning Greek meaning

best/land best/land owner. owner.

Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy Under the aristocracy, Athens Under the aristocracy, Athens

grew in powergrew in power, but some people , but some people were were not happy.not happy. Merchants and nobles resented the Merchants and nobles resented the

landowners; they demanded landowners; they demanded greater rightsgreater rights

Foreign artisans who produced the Foreign artisans who produced the goods Athens had gotten rich off of goods Athens had gotten rich off of were resentful they were excluded were resentful they were excluded from citizenship.from citizenship.

Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy Farmers were Farmers were

also unhappy also unhappy because they because they were were frequently frequently forced to sell forced to sell off their land to off their land to nobles in hard nobles in hard times.times.

Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy

Some even Some even had to sell had to sell themselves themselves into into slavery to slavery to pay bills and pay bills and debtsdebts (debt (debt slavery).slavery).

Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants

The discontent gave rise to The discontent gave rise to tyrantstyrants – people who took – people who took power by force in order to power by force in order to make changes.make changes.

Evolved into a Tyranny!Evolved into a Tyranny!

Quick CheckQuick Check1.1. What was the first type of What was the first type of

government in Athens?government in Athens?2.2. What is an aristWhat is an aristocracy?3. Did people like aristocracies? Why

or why not?

Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants

DracoDraco Around 620 BCE, Around 620 BCE,

he wrote the first he wrote the first known written law known written law of Ancient Greece. of Ancient Greece.

He was the He was the first to first to codify Greek lawcodify Greek law..

Arrange in a collection

Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants

SolonSolon Appointed “Appointed “archonarchon” ” or chief official in or chief official in 594 BCE594 BCE

Made a great Made a great number of political number of political and economic and economic reformsreforms..

Political Reforms of SolonPolitical Reforms of Solon

Outlawed Outlawed debt slaverydebt slavery Freed those who had been sold Freed those who had been sold

for debtsfor debts Opened high offices to more citizensOpened high offices to more citizens Granted Granted citizenshipcitizenship to some to some

foreigners foreigners Gave the Athenian assembly more Gave the Athenian assembly more

say in important decisionssay in important decisions

Economic Reforms of SolonEconomic Reforms of Solon Encouraged the export Encouraged the export

of of Greek wine and Greek wine and olive oilolive oil This helped merchants This helped merchants

and farmers by creating and farmers by creating greater demand for greater demand for their productstheir products

Moving Closer to DemocracyMoving Closer to Democracy

Different reformers and tyrants Different reformers and tyrants came to power, often with the came to power, often with the support of merchants (who had support of merchants (who had money), farmers, and the poor. money), farmers, and the poor.

Once in office, these reformers Once in office, these reformers passed legislationpassed legislation to benefit to benefit their supporterstheir supporters

Moving Closer to DemocracyMoving Closer to Democracy

Cleisthenes Cleisthenes Increased the Increased the role of the average role of the average

citizencitizen in the Athenian government. in the Athenian government. Over time, all male citizens over the Over time, all male citizens over the

age of 30 were age of 30 were members of the members of the legislaturelegislature Expected to participate in lawmaking, Expected to participate in lawmaking,

juries, and other government activities.juries, and other government activities.

Monarchy: rule by one

Aristocracy: rule by a few landowners

Tyranny: rule by someone who takes power forcefully, often with reform as the goal.

Democracy: rule by citizen

Athenian Steps Towards Athenian Steps Towards DemocracyDemocracy

Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy Direct democracyDirect democracy

One where One where everyone voteseveryone votes on on everything (versus a everything (versus a representative democracy where representative democracy where a person “represents” a group)a person “represents” a group)

Citizens (free adult males) had Citizens (free adult males) had political rights and the political rights and the responsibility of civic participation responsibility of civic participation in government.in government.

Limited, but Direct Democracy Classical Athens’ democratic system

became a foundation for modern democracies, even though not everyone was allowed to participate in the decision making.

Democratic principles that developed from Athens include the following: Direct democracy Public debate Duties of the citizen

Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy A citizen who did not fulfill his A citizen who did not fulfill his

duties was duties was socially disruptivesocially disruptive. . At the polis of Sparta, such a At the polis of Sparta, such a

citizen was called "an Inferior." citizen was called "an Inferior." At Athens, a citizen who held At Athens, a citizen who held

no official position or who was no official position or who was not a not a habitual oratorhabitual orator in the in the Assembly (public debates) was Assembly (public debates) was branded as branded as idiotaiidiotai. .

Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy

Women, Women, foreigners and foreigners and slaves had slaves had no no political rightspolitical rights.. Slavery was Slavery was

not based on not based on race.race.

POLITICAL RIGHTS

Quick CheckQuick Check

1.1. Who was the first to codify Greek Who was the first to codify Greek Law?Law?

2.2. What were the steps that led to What were the steps that led to democracy?democracy?

3.3. Who had no political rights in Who had no political rights in Athenian Government?Athenian Government?

4.4. Who was an archon who led Who was an archon who led political and economic reforms? political and economic reforms?

Birth of DemocracyBirth of Democracy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv

nTx80yhIg