3 neumo4 (v3)

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Nes o`ses sjdbun`rcs

mc n` Dcuieneb`

XENSICD JJJ

_SI@QJE6

Cmjterj`n ?

=.0. @si`, jdhjntr`mes punied`rcs y cesjdehjnj` 3

=.1. Cdhjsci` cd iufcr fevcd de hui`mer` :

=.?. Gcieptjsjs c jdsuhjojcdoj` rcspjr`terj` 0?

=

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DCSIEONDJO@

Cmjtercs6[cmre I`rtd Csorja`de

Fes Nujs Xjcfe Aùcnes

Qc`njz`me per6H@C_Ixjie @bujrrc, 0==7:=; Nìjòe-Ncej`. Xjzo`y`www.h`cs.cs

Cmjt`me y oeermjd`me per6NSVD 3, _.@. mc Cmjojedcs[`s`fc mc n` Xjrbcd mc n` @ncbr`, 0=.17;12 I`mrjm.c-i`jn6 nuz`dKnuz`d3.csgttp6//www.nuz`d3.cs

]tune erjbjd`n6 DCSIEONDJO@

Oepyrjbgt, 0::7. I`rtd Csorja`de [, Xjcfe Aùcnes FN.

_.X.[. D6 721-N-OI

Mcpsjte ncb`n6 I. 02:8=-0::7Oeipesjojd c jnustròjd6 NSVD 3, _.@. mc Cmjojedcs

Jiprjic6 Cbr`h, _.@. I`mrjm.

Qcscrv`mes temes nes mcrcoges. Djdbud` p`rtc mc cst` puanjoòjd pucmc scr rcpremuojm` dj tr`ds-ijtjm` cd djdbud` heri` e icmje `nbude, cncotrdjoe e icodjoe, jdonuycdme n`s heteoepj`s, brà`-ojedcs cd ou`nqujcr sjstci` mc rcoupcròjd mc `niòcd`fc mc jdheriòjd sjd cn pcrijse csorjtemcn tjtun`r mcn oepyrjbgt.

Oerrcspedmcdoj`6

I`rtd Csorja`de [._crvjoje mc Dcuieneb`. Gespjt`n 01 mc Eotuarc. 17;=0 I`mrjm.]hde. :0 ?:; 71 72. H@W :0 =8: 32 23.c-i`jn6 pic;0iKdòei.cs

Xjcfe Aùcnes FN._coojd mc Dcuieneb`. Gespjt`n Bcdcr`n Z`bc. ;:;;3 Aurbes]hde. :=2 17 07 ;;

MJXJ_JED BQS[E

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?

d cn è 0:?8, Rcbcdcr mcsorjaj ud` cdhcricm`m quc sc o`ròtcrjzà` per `hcotòjd mc nes

v`ses s`dbudces oed br`dunei`s dcoretjz`dtcs y quc `hcotà` `n tròte rcspjr`terje supcrjer c jdhcrjer

y `n rjd. Cst` cdhcricm`m mc Rcbcdcr oerrcspedmc ` ud brupe is cxtcdse mc cdhcricm`mcs mcsorj-

t`s per Lussiùn y I`jcr gòc is mc 0;; ès o`ròtcrjz`m`s per v`sounjtjs sjstijo`s dcoretjz`dtcs

oed ncsjedcs cd `rtcrj`s iusoun`rcs mc icmj`de y pcquce tìè y cd eo`sjedcs ncsjedcs br`dunei`-

tes`s `seoj`m`s. Cxjstc etr` cdhcricm`m mc o`ròtcrstjo`s sjijn`rcs, oed br`dunei`tesjs y `dbctjs

`nrbjo`, cn sdmreic mc Ogurb-_trùss, mcsorjte per cstes utercs cd 0:30 y quc, mjhcrcdoj` mc n` dtc-rjer, cst prcocmjm` o`sj sjciprc mc `si` y rjdjtjs `nrbjo`. Cstes pòjcdtcs tjcdcd `mcis jdhjntr`mes

punied rcs y ùicdte mc cesjdhjnes cd s`dbrc. Cstc sdmreic cd eo`sjedcs sc iucstr` iuy hnerjme,

hòjnjt`dme cn mj`bdstjoe, oeie cd cn o`se quc gey prcscdtìes. Nes oertjoestcrejmcs g`d iestr`me ud`

chjoòj` detànc cd su tr`tìjcdte y òtu`nicdtc n` supcrvjvcdoj` mc cstes pòjcdtcs cs ne gàjtu`n.

@nbudes iucstr`d ud ourse rcojmjv`dtc y rcqujcrcd tr`tìjcdte rcpctjme. Cd nes ntjies ès gcies

`sjstjme ` n` oeiudjoòjd mc o`ses mc sdmreic mc Ogurb-_trùss cd pòjcdtcs `sitjoes tr`t`mes oed

`dt`bedjst`s mc nes ojstcjdjn-ncuoetrjcdes, sjd pemcr cstàncocr on`rìcdtc ud` rcnòjd oed cstc tr`t`-

ijcdte y pesjancicdtc `seoj`mes `n mcsocdse e suprcsjd mc icmjoòjd oertjoestcrejmc.

Cd cn è 0:8? Nùrcnn y Crjlssed eascrv`red quc trcs jdmjvjmues oed ùscdoj` mc n` a`dm` mc `nh`0

mcn pretcjdebrì` prcscdtà`d cdhcricm`m punied`r eastruotjv` ordjo`. [estcrjericdtc sc g`

vjste quc cn mhjojt mc `nh`0-`dtjtrjpsjd` cs ud` cdhcricm`m gcrcmjt`rj` quc sc o`ròtcrjz` per ud`

mjsijduojd mc n`s oedocdtròjedcs pn`sitjo`s mc cst` bnuoepretcd` y ouy` i`djhcstòjd ondjo`

prjdojp`n cs cn cdhjsci` punied r y cd eo`sjedcs n` gcp`tep`t`. Nes jdmjvjmues `hcot`mes y nes hìj-

nj`rcs oed [jVV tjcdcd ud predstjoe y ud` cxpcot`tjv` mc vjm` iuy v`rjàncs. N` jdhnucdoj` mcn tà`-

oe cs mcojsjv`, nncv`dme ` prmjm`s mc HCX0 mc :; in/è cd de hui`mercs, hrcdtc ` nes ?1; in/è

mc nes hui`mercs.

Cmjterj`n

C

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Cmjterj`n

=

Cn tcrocr o`se oerrcspedmc ` ud` gciesjmcresjs punied`r jmjeptjo`. _c mcsorjac oeie ud prjicr

ou`mre `bume oed gcieptjsjs y ud` hucrtc `dcijzòjd, rcpctjme ud ics mcspus y sjd rcojmjv`s cd

cn è sjbujcdtc. Mcspus mc ud cxgùstjve cstumje sc nncb` `n mj`bdstjoe per cxonusjd mc etr`s

cdhcricm`mcs. Onsjoìcdtc, pcre de mc heri` sjstcitjo`, sc mcsorjac ud ùicdte cd n` o`pòjm`m

mc mjhusjd `nvceneo`pjn`r cd nes o`ses mc gcierr`bj` punied`r, y, chcotjvìcdtc, cd cstc o`se t`dtecn v`ner àsenute oeie su oerrcoojd oed cn venuicd `nvcen`r (lOE) cstd cncv`mes.

Nes cmjtercs

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3

`rd mc =3 ès mc cm`m, trà`f`mer mc n` oedstruo-

ojd, oed dtcocmcdtcs mc si` aredquj`n cd tr`tìjcdte oed

1 mc oert` òojd y aumcsedjm`, penjpesjs d`s`n y cx hui`-mer mcsmc gòc eoge ès, quc oedsunt` per ou`mre mc trcs

icscs mc cvenuojd oedsjstcdtc cd i`ncst`r bcdcr`n, stcdj`,

`rtr`nbj`s ijbr`terj`s, ij`nbj`s mc prcmeijdje nuia`r, hjc-

arc vcspcrtjd`, tes y mener terojoe.

@n oeijcdze mcn ou`mre sc pròtjo ud` r`mjebr`h` mc

tr`x quc iestrà` ud jdhjntr`me `nvcen`r cd ndbun` per ne

quc rcojaj tr`tìjcdte oed iòrnjmes y is t`rmc quj-

dened`s, sjd xjte.

Cxpneròjd hsjo`6

Cupdcjoe cd rcpese, oed `p`rcdtc aucd cst`me bcdcr`n y tci-

pcr`tur` mc ?7O. N` jdspcoojd iucstr` cd n` rcbjd pestc-

reocrvjo`n jzqujcrm` ud` ncsjd crjtci`te-vjenoc` mc 3 oi

mc mjictre (hjb. 0). N` ùsountòjd punied`r cvjmcdoj`

redous ajn`tcr`ncs sjcdme `demjde cn rcste mc n` cxpneròjd.

Cxpneròjedcs oeipncicdt`rj`s

@d`ntjo` s`dbudc`6 scrjc ref` deri`n. Ncuoeojtes

11.?;;/ii? oed 31% mc cesjdhjnes< X_B 22 ii cd n` prj-icr` ger`. Ajequijo` bcdcr`n, cncotrnjtes, tr`dsìjd`s`s y

sjstcitjoe mc erjd` mcdtre mc r`dbes deri`ncs. JbB 10?;

ib/mn, JbI :2 ib/mn, JbC 31; ib/in, [OQ =2 ib/n, HQ 73

S/in, @_NE =:;, `dtj-XJG dcb`tjve, @DO@ de mctcot`-

ancs, @D@ dcb`tjves y prcojpjtjd`s hrcdtc ` @spcrbjnnus

dcb`tjv`s.

Ojteneb`s mc cspute6 hretjs jdhnì`terje oed cesjdhjnes

cdtrc cn =;% y cn 23%.

Aòjnesoepj`s scrj`m`s dcb`tjv`s p`r` A@@Q.

[ruca`s hudojed`ncs rcspjr`terj`s6 HCX0 130; in

(88%), HXO ?08; in (8=%), HCX0/HXO 2:%, IICH23/131.33; in (83%). ]r`s ud aredoemjn`t`mer6 HCX0 127; in

(2?%), HXO ?33; in (20%) (tàn` J).

Coebr`h` o`rmjò` y àmeijd`n6 deri`ncs.

Q`mjebr`h` mc tr`x6 jdhjntr`mes `nvcen`rcs cd ndbun` y

naune icmje (NI).

]eiebr`h` `xj`n oeiput`rjz`m` (]@O) mc scdes6 sjdusj-

tjs i`xjn`r mcrcog` oed pcquce djvcn gjmre`rce, pnjpes

d`s`ncs, jdhnìòjd mcn scde cshcdejm`n y h`nt` mc dcui`tj-

zòjd mc nes hredt`ncs (hjb. 1). ]@O terojo`6 oedmcds`-

ojd scbicdt`rj` mcn NI oed aredoebrì` cd su jdtcrjer,

jibcdcs scbicdt`rj`s trj`dbun`rcs pcrjhrjo`s y ùscdoj`

mc `mcdep`t`s (hjb. ?).

@n tcrocr m` mcn jdbrcse cn pòjcdtc rchjcrc scdsòjd mc

òerogìjcdte cd n` pn`dt` mcn pjc jzqujcrme sjd prmj-

m` mc hucrz` `s oeie `p`rjojd mc ncsjedcs refe-vjde-

s`s cd cn aermc jdtcrde mc ìaes pjcs quc hucred jdtcr-

prct`m`s oeie iededcurjtjs intjpnc per v`sounjtjs,oedhjridmesc cn mj`bdstjoe tr`s n` rc`njzòjd mc

cncotreijebrì`.

Ajepsj` outdc` cd rcbjd ocrvjoemers`n6 ` djvcn mc n`

mcrijs supcrhjoj`n y icmj` g`y ud i`ro`me jdhjntr`me jdhn`-

i`terje jdtcrstjoj`n y pcrjv`soun r oedstjtujme per cesjdhj-

nes, dcutrhjnes, penjierheduonc`rcs, njdheojtes c gjstjeoj-

tes. Cxjstc ud jdhjntr`me jdtcrstjoj`n pcrj c jdtr`v`soun`r oed

hcdicdes mc v`sounjtjs ncuoeojtepnsjo`, oiunes mc gjs-

=.0. @si`, jdhjntr`mes punied`rcsy cesjdehjnj`

O. MC @A@FE OSOSQSNN, F.N. XJCFE A@SCNE_

_crvjoje mc Dcuieneb`.Gespjt`n Bcdcr`n Z`bc. Aurbes.

X

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tjeojtes, gòcs mc oenbcde dcores`me remc`mes mc hjarjd`,

penve duonc`r mc cesjdhjnes y penjierheduonc`rcs. N`s

`ntcròjedcs gjstenbjo`s sed oeip`tjancs oed sdmreic mc

Ogurb-_trùss (hjb. =).

Mj`bdstjoe6 br`dunei`tesjs nrbjo` mc Ogurb-_trùss.

Cn pòjcdtc rcojaj tr`tìjcdte oed prcmdjsed` ` n` mesjsmc 0 ib/lb/m` oed cxocncdtc rcspucst` ondjo`, r`mjenbj-

o` y `d`ntjo`. Sd è is t`rmc sjbuc `sjdteitjoe oed

mesjs mc 1,3 ib o`m` =7 ger`s.

Mjsousjd6

Cxjstcd v`rj`s cdtjm`mcs quc ours`d oed cesjdehjnj` c jdhjn-

tr`mes punied`rcs tr`dsjterjes oeie sed6 `spcrbjnesjs

aredoepunied`r `nrbjo` (@A[@), sdmreic gjpcrcesjde-

hnjoe, dcuied` cesjdhjn` `bum` e ordjo` (DCO), br`-

dunei` cesjdhjne, aredqujenjtjs eanjtcr`dtc oed dcuiedèrb`djz`m` (AEDE), v`sounjtjs mc Rcbcdcr, sdmreic mc

Ogurb-_trùss (_O_), dcuiedjtjs per gjpcrscdsjajnjm`m,

br`dunei`tesjs aredoeodtrjo`, cto.< tem`s cnn`s oed o`rò-

tcrstjo`s iuy sjijn`rcs y ` icdume mc mjhojn mj`bdstjoe

mjhcrcdoj`n (tàn` JJ).

Cn `dtcocmcdtc mc `si` y n` cxjstcdoj` mc ud tr`sterde eas-

truotjve cd cn cstumje mc hudojd punied`r pucmcd erjcdt`r

gòj` ud ou`mre mc `si` mc pcrhjn cxtrdscoe, gòj` ud`@A[@ e gòj` ud` br`dunei`tesjs mc Ogurb-_trùss. Cd cn

cdhcrie quc des eoup` de sc cvjmcdoj`red prcojpjtjd`s

`spcrbjn`rcs, aredqujcot`sj`s dj `ntes v`nercs mc JbC, y sjd

cia`rbe, prcscdtà` ncsjedcs outdc`s, iededcurjtjs, rtr`n-

bj`s y ij`nbj`s.

Cd 0::; cn @icrjo`d Oenncbc eh Qgcui`teneby mchjdj

scjs orjtcrjes mj`bdstjoes prjdojp`ncs mcn _O_ quc sed6

`si`, cesjdehjnj` s`dbudc` supcrjer `n 0;%, iededcure-

p`t` e penjdcurep`t`, jdhjntr`mes punied`rcs tr`dsjterjes,

`dei`n`s p`r`d`s`ncs y ajepsj` oed v`sounjtjs dcoretjz`d-

tc `hcot`dme ` v`ses mc mjstjdte tìè oed jdhjntr`mes

cesjdhjnes y br`dunei`s (tàn` JJJ).

G`y tìajd orjtcrjes icdercs oeie n` `hcotòjd o`rmjò`

cd heri` mc pcrjo`rmjtjs e ijeo`rmjep`t`, rcd`n (pretcjdurj`,

@si`, jdhjntr`mes punied`rcs y cesjdehjnj`

8

]@AN@ J. [ruca`s mc hudojd rcspjr`terj`

HXO ............................................ \nY

HCX 0............................................ \nY

HCX ;,3 ........................................ \nYHCH 23 .......................................... \nY

HCH 3; .......................................... \n/sY

HCH 13 .......................................... \n/sY

[CH ............................................... \n/sY

HCX 0% XO JD ............................ \%Y

CX 0% HXO ................................. \%Y

XO I@W ...................................... \nY

[JH ................................................ \n/sY

IICH 23/13 ................................ \n/sY

HJH 3; ........................................... \n/sY

]crjoe

=,:3

?,7;

?,;?0,?2

=,20

2,:3

:,3=

22,;1

22,;1

3,00

3,=:

?,:?

3,00

Icm 0

?,08

1,30

1,;:;,88

?,0;

8,8;

2,=0

2:,1:

2:,?8

?,08

?,87

1,33

?,37

% (I0/])

8?,:

88,;

8:,1=7,0

83,7

71,:

22,2

0;1,:

0;?,;

80,:

82,;

83,;

2;,;

Icm 1

?,33

1,27

1,??;,8?

?,?;

2,28

2,7;

2:,1;

27,=2

?,33

?,=;

1,12

?,?3

% (IM% (Icm 1 /Icm 0)

20,2

2?,?

22,0=3,8

2;,1

:2,8

70,2

0;1,7

0;0,:

8:,3

80,:

32,8

83,3

01,?

00,;

00,33,?

8,8

02,2

3,1

;,0

0,0

01,1

2,3

00,?

8,=

Hcog` 03/;:/0::7 03/;:/0::7

Hnufe \n/sY

0;

3

;

3

0;

0 1 ? = 3 8 2 7

H/X cs

Xenuicd \nY

H/X jd

Xen % XO I`x

;

1;

3

0;

0 1 ? = 3 8 2 7

H/X cs

Xenuicd \nY

]jcipe \sY

XOI`x

=;

8;

7;

0;;

;

;

0

1

?

=

3

8

2

7

0

1

0

1

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gci`turj`, bneicrunedchrjtjs) e jdtcstjd`n (mj`rrc`, pcrher`-

ojd, gcierr`bj`), quc pumcd scrvjr mc `yum` mj`bdstjo` y

quc iuog`s vcocs oedmjojed`rd cn predstjoe0.

N` prcscdoj` mc ou`tre e is orjtcrjes i`yercs m` ud`

scdsjajnjm`m mcn 73% y ud` cspcojhjojm`m mcn ::,2% cd cn

mj`bdstjoe. Cd eo`sjedcs cs dcocs`rje rcourrjr ` n` rc`nj-

zòjd mc aredoesoepj` oed n`v`me aredoe`nvcen`r (NA@)

y ajepsj` tr`dsaredquj`n, ` n` vjmceteròesoepj` c jdonuse

` n` ajepsj` àjcrt` per teròetei`. N` prcv`ncdoj` mc

`dtjoucrpes dtjojtepn`si` mc dcutrhjne (p-@DO@) cs mcn

8;-23%, ijcdtr`s quc nes o-@DO@ sed r`rìcdtc pesjtj-

ves cd cn _O_1,?.

Cd nes ntjies ès sc g`d puanjo`me v`rjes o`ses mc

pòjcdtcs `sitjoes tr`t`mes oed `dt`bedjst`s mc nes ncu-

oetrjcdes quc g`d mcs`rrenn`me ud _O_ prcojs`dme tr`t`-

ijcdte oed oertjoejmcs=,3,8. @udquc de sc g` mciestr`me

ud` oùs`njm`m mjrcot` mcajm` ` cstes hriòes, `dtc ud

ou`mre oed i`ro`m` gjpcrcesjdehjnj` y r`mjebr`h` `der-

i`n cs dcocs`rje cst`r `ncrt` y pcds`r cd ud pesjanc _O_.

Cn tr`tìjcdte mc cst` p`teneb` g` mc a`s`rsc cd n` `mij-

djstròjd mc oertjoejmcs er`ncs ` mesjs mcorcojcdtc y cdnes o`ses rchròt`rjes aenes mc ojoneheshìjm` `seoj`mes e

de ` ictjnprcmdjsened` e pn`si`hrcsjs. Cn predstjoe `

n`rbe pn`ze cs aucde, sj ajcd, cst cd br`d icmjm` mctcr-

ijd`me per nbudes hòtercs oeie cn uicdte mc ojhr`s mc

orc`tjdjd` y pretcjdurj`, n` o`rmjeijep`t` y n` `hcotòjd

b`strejdtcstjd`n y mcn sjstci` dcrvjese ocdtr`n. Cd pòjcd-

tcs tr`t`mes oed jdiudesuprcsercs n` jdhcoojd epertudjs-

t` pucmc `sjijsie oedmjojed`r n` supcrvjvcdoj`.

2

0. I`sj @], Gudmcr BB, Ijogcn A@, ct `n. ]gc @icrjo`d Oennc-

bc eh Qgcui`teneby. 0::; orjtcrj` her tgc on`ssjhjo`tjed eh

Ogurb-_trùss sydmreic (`nncrbjo br`dunei`tesjs `dm `dbjj-

tjs). @rtgrjtjs Qgcui 0::;< ??60;:=-0;;.

1. Qcjm @FO, G`rrjsed AMR, R`tts Q@, R`tljd _R, IoO`dd

AB, _oett MBJ. Ogurb-_trùss sydmreic jd ` mjstrjo gespjt`n.

P F Icm 0::7< :06 10:-11:.

?. _ogdàcn @, Oscrdel C, Arùd F, Bress RN. Jdhnì`tery ocnns

`dm ocnnun`r òtjv`tjed jd tgc newcr rcspjr`tery tròt jd Ogurb-

_trùss sydmreic. ]ger`x 0:::< 3=6 220-227.

=. Rcogsncr I, B`rpcst`m C, Hnjcr _Q, ct `n. [unied`ry jdhjntr`-

tcs, cesjdepgjnj`, `dm oo`rmjeiyep`tgy hennewjdb oertjoestc-

rejm wjtgmr`w`n jd p`tjcdts wgjg `stgi` rcocjvjdb z`hjrnul`st.

F@I@ 0::7< 12:(8)6 =33-=32.

3. _tjrnjdb QB, Ogudb LH. Nculetrjcdc `dt`bedjst `dm Ogurb-

_trùss sydmreic6 tgc sieljdb bud. ]ger`x 0:::< 3=6 783-

788.

8. Rcogsncr IC, Hjdd M, Bud`w`rmcd` M, ct `n. Ogurb-_trùss

sydmreic jd p`tjcdts rcocjvjdb iedtcnul`st `s trc`ticdt her

`stgi`. Ogcst 1;;;< 002(?)6 2;7-20?.

AJANJEBQ@H@

]@AN@ JJ. Oeip`ròjd cdtrc br`dunei`tesjs mc Rcbcdcr (BR) y sdmreic mc Ogurb-_trùss (_O_)

@si`

Cesjdehjnj`Gjsterj` mc `ncrbj`X` `rc` supcrjerX` `rc` jdhcrjerBneicrunedchrjtjs@hcotòjd jdtcstjd`nNcsjedcs outdc`sIededcurjtjs intjpncNcsjedcs eoun`rcs_dtei`s `rtjoun`rcsCdhcricm`m o`rmjò`p-@DO@o-@DO@

BR

++++++++

+++++++++

+++

_O_

++++

++++++++

+++++

++++++++++

++++

++++

]@AN@ JJJ. Orjtcrjes mc on`sjhjoòjd mcn sdmreic mcOgurb-_trùss (@icrjo`d Oenncbc eh Qgcui`teneby)

@si`

Cesjdehjnj` 4 0;%

Gjsterj` mc `ncrbj`

Iededcurep`t` e penjdcurep`t` per v`sounjtjs

Jdhjntr`mes punied`rcs tr`dsjterjes

@deri`njm`m cd scdes p`r`d`s`ncs

@oiunes mc cesjdhjnes cd rc`s cxtr`v`soun`rcs

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@si`, jdhjntr`mes punied`rcs y cesjdehjnj`

7

Hjb. ?6 ]@O terojo`. Oedmcdsòjd scbicdt`rj` mc NI

oed aredoebrì` cd su jdtcrjer.

Hjb. =6 Ajepsj` outdc`. Jdhjntr`me jdhnì`terje jdtcrstj-

oj`n y pcrjv`soun`r.

Hjb. 06 Ncsjd outdc` crjtci`tes` y vjenoc` mc 3 oi mc

mjictre.

Hjb. 16 _jdusjtjs i`xjn`r mcrcog`. [njpes d`s`ncs.

7/29/2019 3 NEUMO4 (v3)

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ufcr mc =1 ès mc cm`m sjd gajtes txj-

oes, o`s`m` y oed mes gjfes s`des, quc trà`f cd ud`

ciprcs` mc oedhcoojd tcxtjn y mcsmc gòc eoge ès cd

ud` hrutcr`. Oedsunt` per mjsdc` prebrcsjv` mcsmc nes ?8

ès.

@dtcocmcdtcs pcrsed`ncs6

]uve teshcrjd` cd n` jdh`doj` y mcsmc cdtedocs prcscdt`

mes e trcs ou`mres o`t`rr`ncs ncvcs, du`ncs, oed tes y cso`-

s` cxpcoteròjd. @ nes 12 ès mc cm`m tuve ud` dcuie-d` quc rcpjtj ` nes scjs icscs y ud tcrocr cpjsemje ` nes

17 ès. Mcsmc cdtedocs ùicdt`red n` hrcoucdoj` y n`

br`vcm`m mc nes ou`mres o`t`rr`ncs, quc sc òeip``d mc

sjajn`doj`s y mc uicdte mc n` cxpcoteròjd. Oed cn mj`b-

dstjoe mc `si`, rcojaj tr`tìjcdte oed jdiudetcr`pj` y

aredoemjn`t`mercs.

Cxpneròjd hsjo`6

Aucd cst`me dutrjojed`n< cupdcjo` cd rcpese. @ameicd y

ùsountòjd o`rmjò` deri`ncs. Cxpneròjd rcspjr`terj`

oed gjpcron`rjm`m cd n` pcrousjd mc nes oìpes punied`-

rcs, mjsijduojd bnea`n mcn iuriunne vcsjoun`r y ùsoun-tòjd mc sjajn`doj`s cso`s`s ajn`tcr`ncs.

Cxpneròjedcs oeipncicdt`rj`s6

Q`mjeneb` terojo`6 gjpcrjdsuhnòjd ajn`tcr`n (hjbs. 0` y a).

]eiebr`h` `xj`n oeipur`tjz`m` oed cdhjsci` y aunn`sajn`tcr`ncs, sjd jibcdcs subcrcdtcs mc aredqujcot`sj`s

(hjb. 1).

Cxpneròjd hudojed`n punied`r6 HXO 0.:1; in (8?%),HCX0 :1; in (?7%), HCX0/HXO =7%, XQ 3.;1; in

(?=7%), ]NO 2.;?; in (08?%), ]NOE =2%, ]NOE/X@

33%. Br`vc tr`sterde eastruotjve oed br`d `tr`pìjcdte

`rce y mcsocdse br`vc mc n` mjhusjd mc OE quc de sc

oerrjbc, cd rcnòjd n venuicd nvcen`r. [ruca` aredoemj-

n`t`mer` dcb`tjv`.

@dnjsjs mc s`dbrc6 gciebrì` y pcrhjn ajequijoe der-i`ncs. Jdiudebneaunjd`s y suaon`scs mc JbB deri`ncs.

[retcjdebrì` oed `nh`0 mcn 1,1%. @nh`0-`dtjtrjpsjd`(@@]) 08 ib/mn (r`dbe deri`n, 00? ` 10?). Hcdetjpe

@@], geieojbete oed `ncnes mumeses.

Bcdetjpe @@]6 n` scoucdojòjd mciestr quc sc tr`tà`mc ud geieojbete oed mes `ncnes jmdtjoes, oed mes iut`-

ojedcs pudtu`ncs6 ud` sustjtuojd mc B@] per B]] cd cn

cxd JJJ cd pesjojd 138, ne quc m` nub`r ` ud oìaje mc

@sp per X`n, y ud` scbudm` sustjtuojd mc OOO per O@O

cd cn cxd X cd pesjojd ?:0, ne quc oìaj` ud` [re per

Gjs cd mjog` pesjojd ?:00 (hjb. ?).

Cvenuojd6 _c jdjoj tr`tìjcdte sustjtutjve oed `nh`0-`dtj-

trjpsjd`, jdtr`vcdes`, o`m` 10 m`s, act`bedjst`s mc n`rb`muròjd, oertjoejmcs jdg`n`mes y `dtjajtjoes cd n`s `bumjz`-

ojedcs. _c i`dtjcdc oed ud` hudojd rcspjr`terj` cstànc

mur`dtc nes ntjies trcs ès.

Mjsousjd6

N` cdhcri` prcscdt` ud ou`mre ondjoe mc mjsdc` oeie sd-

tei` meijd`dtc, fudte ` ondjo` mc aredqujtjs ordjo` oed

tes y cxpcoteròjd mj`rj` c jdhcoojedcs rcspjr`terj`s. Nes

:

=.1. Cdhjsci` cd iufcr fevcdde hui`mer`

Q. XJM@N, O. MC N@ QEV@, Q. F@QM

_crvjojes mc Dcuieneb` y Ajequijo`.Gespjt`n X`nn mGcared. A`rocned`.

I

7/29/2019 3 NEUMO4 (v3)

10/16

m`tes mc n` cxpneròjd hsjo` oed mjsijduojd mcn iuriu-

nne vcsjoun`r c gjpcron`rjm`m cd n` pcrousjd mc nes oìpes

punied`rcs erjcdt`d gòj` cn mj`bdstjoe mc cdhjsci` pun-

ied`r, quc sc oedhjri` per cn cxìcd r`mjenbjoe y n`

cxpneròjd hudojed`n rcspjr`terj`. Cstes m`tes iucstr`d nes

sjbdes tpjoes mcn `tr`pìjcdte `rce, gjpcr`jrcòjd mcoìpes punied`rcs oed gerjzedt`njm`m oest`n y mcsocdse

mj`hr`bitjoe, ud p`trd eastruotjve br`vc oed ud on`re

jdorcicdte mcn venuicd rcsjmu`n y v`nercs mjsijdujmes mc

n` o`pòjm`m mc mjhusjd. Cst` heri` mc prcscdtòjd `p`rc-

oc g`st` cd ud 3;% mc nes o`ses mc cdhjsci` per mhjojt mc

@@], per ne quc mcac pcds`rsc cst` ctjeneb` searc teme cd

pcrsed`s fvcdcs de hui`mer`s. Cn mcsocdse mc n` a`dm`

`nh`0 mcn pretcjdebrì` m` ud` sespcog` jdjoj`n y pestcrjer-

icdtc n` mctcrijdòjd mc nes djvcncs a`fes mc n` cdzji`

`nh`0-`dtjtrjpsjd` oedhjri` n` oùs` mcn cdhjsci`. Jdjoj`n-

icdtc sc oedsjmcr oeie hcdetjpe geieojbete [jVV m`me

quc n` ducv` v`rj`dtc quc `qu mcsorjajies prcscdt` cd n`

todjo` mc jdiudecncotrehercsjs ud` ijbròjd prxji` n`quc tjcdc n` v`rj`dtc mchjojt`rj` [jVV. _jd cia`rbe, cn `dnj-

sjs iencoun`r mcn bcd mc n` @@] rc`njz`me pestcrjericdtc

cvjmcdoj n` ducv` v`rj`dtc mchjojt`rj` cd cst`me geieojbe-

te oed mes iutòjedcs pudtu`ncs, ud` cd cn cxd JJJ y etr` cd

cn cxd X, iutòjd quc de cstà` mcsorjt` prcvjìcdtc, per

ne quc huc mcdeijd`m` Z per su ievjnjm`m cncotrehertjo` y

A`rocned` per scr n` ojum`m medmc huc mcsouajcrt` cst`

ducv` v`rj`dtc ([j Za`rocned`-Za`rocned`)0. N` tr`dsijsjd

gcrcmjt`rj` mcn `ncne [j Za`rocned` sc mciestr icmj`dtc cn

cstumje hìjnj`r.

Cn mhjojt mc nh`0-`dtjtrjpsjd` cs ud` cdhcricm`m oedbdjt`,

mc gcrcdoj` ùtesijo` oemeijd`dtc, quc oedmjojed` udrjcsbe cncv`me mc cdhjsci` punied`r cd muntes fvcdcs. Cn

bcd, neo`njz`me cd cn oreiesei` 0=, prcscdt` ud br`d penj-

ierhjsie, mc ieme quc icmj`dtc n` todjo` mcn jsecncotre-

cdhequc sc g`d jmcdtjhjo`me is mc 23 v`rj`dtcs mc n` cdzj-

i`, cd su i`yer` erjbjd`m`s cd oìajes cd n` scoucdoj` mc

ìjdeojmes mcajmes iutòjedcs mcn bcd quc n`s oemjhjo`1.

Cn hcdetjpe rcsunt` mc n` cxprcsjd jdmcpcdmjcdtc mc nes mes

`ncnes y sc cxprcs` oeie [j (jdgjajmer mc n`s pretc`s`s)

scbujme mc ud`s nctr`s i`ysoun`s quc oerrcspedmcd ` nes

`ncnes y sc `sjbd`d scbd n` ievjnjm`m cncotrehertjo`.

Ondjoìcdtc, n`s v`rj`dtcs mc @@] pucmcd on`sjhjo`rsc

cd trcs brupes (deri`ncs, mchjojt`rj`s y dun`s) sj sc tjcdccd oucdt` n` oedocdtròjd mc @@] cd sucre y su o`pòj-

m`m hudojed`n. N`s v`rj`dtcs deri`ncs is hrcoucdtcs

pcrtcdcocd ` n` hìjnj` mc `ncnes [j I. N`s v`rj`dtcs

mchjojt`rj`s i`yerjt`rj`s sed n`s rcnòjed`m`s oed cn ncne

[j _ y searc teme oed cn [j V. N` br`d i`yer` mc nes

mhjojt br`vcs mc @@] njb`mes ` cdhjsci` sed geieojbe-

tes [jVV. G`y etr`s v`rj`dtcs mchjojt`rj`s iuoge icdes

hrcoucdtcs pcre quc oeipert`d tìajd ud rjcsbe cncv`-

me mc cdhjsci`. Qcojcdtcicdtc ducstre brupe g` mcsorj-

te n` v`rj`dtc Za`rocned` cd cst` hìjnj` tr`s cn cstumje mcn

o`se quc prcscdtìes. N`s v`rj`dtcs dun`s sed r`r`s y sc

o`ròtcrjz`d per prcscdt`r oedocdtròjedcs mc @@] jdmc-

tcotàncs.

Cn mcsouarjijcdte mc ud` `seojòjd cdtrc cn mhjojt gcrc-mjt`rje mc @@] y cdhjsci` punied`r g` sjme hudmìcdt`n

cd cn mcs`rrenne mc n` tcer` mc n`s pretc`s`s-`dtjpretc`s`s

cd n` p`tebdcsjs mcn cdhjsci`, per n` ou`n, ou`dme cdzj-

i`s pretcentjo`s oeie n` cn`st`s` mc nes ncuoeojtes sed

njacr`m`s cd nes puniedcs, jdgjajmercs mc n`s pretc`s`s, mc

n`s ou`ncs n` @@] rcprcscdt` cn :;%, prcvjcdcd n` mcs-

truoojd mcn p`rdquji` punied`r. Ou`dme nes jdgjajme-

rcs mc n`s pretc`s`s sc cdoucdtr`d cd djvcncs jdhcrjercs `

nes mc n`s pretc`s`s, st`s preveo`d mcstruoojd punied`r

quc pestcrjericdtc nncv` `n cdhjsci` punied`r?-3.

Mc nes rcsunt`mes mcrjv`mes mc cstumjes cpjmcijenbjoes

peanòjed`ncs sc oedonuyc quc cn mhjojt mc @@] cs ud`cdhcricm`m jdhr`mj`bdestjo`m` cd n` i`yer` mc nes p`scs

eoojmcdt`ncs jdonujme Csp``8. Cn mj`bdstjoe mc sespcog`

sc hudmìcdt` cd n` `p`rjojd mc ud cdhjsci` punied`r cd

ud` pcrsed` fevcd y oed gjsterj` hìjnj`r mc cdhcricm`m rcs-

pjr`terj`. Cd cstes o`ses, n` oedhjriòjd sc sucnc eatcdcr

oed n` mctcrijdòjd mc n`s oedocdtròjedcs mc @@] srjo`s,

deri`nicdtc icmj`dtc dchcneictr`2, ùdquc cst` todjo`

de sjciprc cs hojnicdtc mjspedjanc, per ne quc n` mctcrij-

dòjd mc n` a`dm` `nh`0 mcn pretcjdebrì` cs ud iteme

scdojnne y `n `no`doc mc ou`nqujcr nàer`terje quc pucmc scr

iuy tjn cd cn orja`me mcn mhjojt mc @@] cd pòjcdtcs oed

cdhcricm`mcs rcspjr`terj`s ordjo`s7.

Cd n` òtu`njm`m, cn mj`bdstjoe mc nàer`terje sc rc`njz`

icmj`dtc n` oeiajdòjd mc n` mctcrijdòjd ou`dtjt`tjv`

mc n` @@] y mcn hcdetjpe icmj`dtc cdhequc jsecnotrjoe.

Ou`dme cst` ntji` de preperojed` suhjojcdtc jdheriòjd e

de g`y ud` aucd` oerrcnòjd cdtrc cn hcdetjpe y nes djvcncs

mc @@], cn mj`bdstjoe mc mhjojt oedbdjte sc oedhjri`

icmj`dtc n` mctcrijdòjd mcn bcdetjpe mc n` @@]:.

N` EI_ rcoeijcdm` quc temes nes pòjcdtcs oed C[EO y

tìajd nes `muntes y `mencsocdtcs oed `si` mcacd seic-

tcrsc ` ud orja`me ud` vcz `n icdes cd su vjm` p`r` cn mhj-

ojt mc @@], us`dme ud tcst ou`dtjt`tjve (per cfcipne jdiu-

decncotrehercsjs). ]r`s cn mj`bdstjoe mc ud mhjojt mc @@]cs jipert`dtc rc`njz`r cn cstumje hcdetpjoe mc nes hìjnj`rcs

oeds`dbudces. Oed hrcoucdoj` pemcies cdoedtr`r ducves

o`ses [jVV cd h`sc prcsjdteitjo` y `s jdstùr`r icmjm`s

prehjnotjo`s y rc`njz`r ud oedscfe bcdtjoe.

N` iert`njm`m mc nes pòjcdtcs oed mhjojt mc @@] cst

dtjiìcdtc rcnòjed`m` oed cn HCX06 n` supcrvjvcdoj`

icmj` mc nes quc tjcdcd ud HCX0 > 13% cs mc 8,? ès,

ijcdtr`s quc oed ud HCX0 cdtrc 13% y =:% cs mc 0;,3

Cdhjsci` cd iufcr fevcd de hui`mer`

0;

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ès. Cn tàòe cs cn cncicdte on`vc cd n` gjsterj` d`tur`n

mc nes pòjcdtcs oed mhjojt mc @@]. Cn mconjvc mcn HCX0`s oeie n` iert`njm`m cstd mjrcotìcdtc jdhnujmes per n`

o`dtjm`m mc tàòe oedsuijme. Nes pòjcdtcs quc mcf`d mc

hui`r oedsjbucd rcmuojr n` prmjm` mc HCX0, sjd cia`rbe,

cst` o`m` de `no`dz` n`s ojhr`s deri`ncs cdoedtr`m`s cdpcrsed`s de mchjojt`rj`s0;.

N`s icmjm`s prehjnotjo`s p`r` cvjt`r n` prebrcsjd mcn cdhj-

sci` v`d cdoìjd`m`s cvjt`r jrrjt`dtcs rcspjr`terjes oeie

cn tàòe y nes oedtìjd`dtcs nàer`ncs, y n tr`tìjcdte prc-

oez y n` prcvcdojd mc n`s jdhcoojedcs rcspjr`terj`s.

Cd ou`dte `n tr`tìjcdte, mcsmc hjd`ncs mc 0:72 sc oucdt`

oed ud` prcp`ròjd purjhjo`m` mc `nh`0-`dtjtrjpsjd` quc

pucmc `mijdjstr`rsc ` n`s pcrsed`s `hcot`m`s. ]r`s su `mij-

djstròjd sc `no`dz`d y i`dtjcdcd djvcncs is deri`njz`-

mes y prcsuijancicdtc pretcotercs. _c pjcds` quc mjog`

tcr`putjo` pucmc r`ncdtjz`r n` prebrcsjd mc n` cdhcricm`m.Cxjstc ud rcbjstre cspèn quc g` oedscdsu`me nes orjtcrjes

quc mcacd ouipnjr nes cdhcries p`r` jdjoj`r cn tr`tìjcdte

ùicdt`tjve oed @@]6 djvcncs mc @@] jdhcrjercs `n ?3% mc

ne deri`n, hcdetjpes geieojbetes [jVV, [jV dune [j dune-

dune u etr`s v`rj`dtcs mchjojt`rj`s, hudojd punied`r `der-

i`n y de hui`mercs8. _c oeicdz mijdjstrdmen` cd mesjs

sci`d`ncs senuojd jdtr`vcdes`, udquc sc cxtjcdmc su utj-

njzòjd ` pùt`s icdsu`ncs e o`m` trcs sci`d`s, ` mesjs mc1=; ib/lb00,01. @otu`nicdtc sc cst cds`y`dme cn use per

v` jdg`n`m` mc @@] eatcdjm` per rcoeiajdòjd bcdtjo` y

iemjhjo`m` cd su pesjojd ?37 (Ict per X`n) oed ne quc sc

oedsjbuc ud` òojd is rpjm` hrcdtc ` n` cn`st`s` y rcsjs-

tcdoj` hrcdtc ` n` exjmòjd0?.

Cn tr`spn`dtc punied`r, y` sc` udj e ajpunied`r, pucmc scr

ud` `ntcrd`tjv` cd pòjcdtcs oed mhjojt mc @@] cd h`sc

cvenuojed`m`. Mcac scr jdmjo`me ou`dme cn HCX0 mcsojcd-

mc per mca`fe mcn 03% mc su v`ner tcrjoe. Cn p`pcn mcn tr`-

tìjcdte ùicdt`mer mcspus mcn tr`spn`dtc cs jdojcrte y

sc dcocsjt`d is cstumjes p`r` on`r`rne. Mc tem`s heri`s,

tcdjcdme cd oucdt` n` supcrvjvcdoj` òtu`n pestr`spn`dtcmc cstes pòjcdtcs, cs peoe preaànc quc n` o`rcdoj` mc

@@] `hcotc n` cvenuojd mcn jdfcrte.

00

0. F`rm Q, Qemrbucz H, Ijr`vjtnncs I, ct n. Jmcdtjhjo`tjed `dm

iencoun`r og`ròtcrjz`tjed eh tgc dcw `npg`-0-`dtjtrypsjd

mchjojcdt `nncnc [J Z a`rocned` (@sp1384X`n `dm

[re?:04Gjs). Iut`tjeds jd arjch de. 02=. Ednjdc. Gui

Iut`t 0::7< 01(?)6 10?.

1. Oryst`n QB, Ar`dtny IN, Guaa`rm QO, ct `n. ]gc `npg` 0-

`dtjtrypsjd bcdc `dm jts iut`tjeds. Onjdjo`n oedscqucdocs

`dm str`tcbjcs her tgcr`py. Ogcst 0:7:< :36 0:8-1;7.

?. Crjlssed _. _tumjcs jd `npg` 0-`dtjtrypsjd mchjojcdoy. @ot`

Icm _o`dm _uppn 0:83< =?16 0-73.

=. B`mcl FC, [ògt CQ. ]gc pretc`sc-`dtjpretc`sc a`n`doc wjtgjd

tgc gui`d nudb6 jipnjo`tjeds her tgc p`tgebcdcsjs eh cipgy-

sci`. Nudb 0::;< 087 _uppn6 331-38=.

3. _teolncy Q@. Dcutrepgjns `dm pretc`sc/`dtjpretc`sc jia`-n`doc. @i F Qcspjr Orjt O`rc Icm 0:::< 08;6 _=:-_31.

8. Ijr`vjtnncs I, Xjm`n Q, A`rres-]jzed FO, Austì`dtc @,

Csp`` [[, O`s`s H, I`rtdcz I], Csoumcre O, F`rm Q. Cst`-

me òtu`n mcn tr`tìjcdte sustjtutjve cd cn cdhjsci` oedbdj-

te per mhjojt mc `nh`-0-`dtjtrjpsjd`. Jdheric mcn Qcbjstre

Dòjed`n. @rog Aredoedcuien 0:::< ?36 ==8-=3=.

2. Xjm`n Q, Ijr`vjtnncs I, F`rm Q, ]errcnn` I, Qemrbucz-Hr`s

H, Ier`n [, X`qu F. Cstumje mc n` hrcoucdoj` mc nes mjhcrcd-

tcs hcdetjpes mc n` `nh`-0-`dtjtrjpsjd` cd ud` peanòjd mc

A`rocned`. Icm Onjd (A`ro) 0::8< 0;26 100-10=.

7. Ijr`vjtnncs I, F`rm Q, Qemrbucz-Hr`s H, ]errcnn` I, [cnc-

br M, Xjm`n Q. Stjnjm`m mc n` ou`dtjhjoòjd mc n` a`dm` `nh`-

0-`dtjtrjpsjd` mcn pretcjdebrì` srjoe cd cn orja`me mcn mhj-

ojt mc `nh`-0-`dtjtrjpsjd`. @rog Aredoedcuien 0::7< ?=6 3?8-

3=;.

:. Oìpacnn CF. @npg`0-`dtjtrypsjd mchjojcdoy6 jdojmcdoc

`dm mctcotjed prebrì. Qcspjr Icm 1;;;< := _uppn O6

_07-_10.

0;. _ccrsgeni D, Lel-Fcdscd @. _urvjv`n jd rcn`tjed te nudb

hudotjed `dm sieljdb ocss`tjed jd p`tjcdts wjtg scvcrc gcrc-

mjt`ry `npg` 0-`dtjtrypsjd mchjojcdoy. @i F Qcspjr Orjt O`rc

Icm 0::3< 0306 ?8:-?2?.

00. Rcwcrs IM, O`sen`re I@, _cnncrs _C, ct `n. Qcpnòcicdt

tgcr`py her `npg` 0-`dtjtrypsjd mchjojcdoy `sseoj`tcm wjtgcipgysci`. D Cdbn F Icm 0:72< ?086 0;33-0;81.

01. Xjm`n Q, Ijr`vjtnncs I, Mc Bròj` W, B`nncbe A, Iercnn H.

]r`tìjcdte sustjtutjve mcn cdhjsci` per mhjojt mc `nh`-0-

`dtjtrjpsjd`. Icm Onjd (A`ro) 0::0< :86 07;-071.

0?. [`stcur I, Lceb`d I, Cnaerd _, I`rtd _, Auoljdbgì _,

Cmb`r F, Ajnted M. _`hcty `dm tencràjnjty eh heur `socdmjdb

sjdbnc mescs eh tr`dsbcdjo sgccp mcrjvcm gui`d `npg`-0-

`dtjtrypsjd (tb-g@@]) mijdjstcrcm ay dcaunjscr te p`tjcdts

wjtg oystjo hjaresjs (OH). @i F Qcspjr Orjt O`rc Icm 0:::

3 neumo4 (v3)

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