2.1 our english heritage. – ruled england - gave nobles ownership and control of land - nobles...
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2.1 Our English Heritage
– ruled England - gave nobles ownership and control of land - nobles gave loyalty, tax payments, and military support
1. Monarch
2. English traditions -4 traditions helped shape our form of government
-Magna Carta
-English Bill of Rights
-England’s unwritten constitution
-use of common law
3. Magna Carta – 1199 King John inherits the throne
- harsh ruler - 1215 nobles rebel - forced King John to
sign “Great Charter” - protected the nobles
privileges and authority law
- granted rights to landowners - equal treatment under the
law - trial by peers
- limited the power of the monarch
- no one is above the law
4. Parliament – began in late 1300s - legislature - cooperation between
monarch and parliament - 1688 King James II was removed from power by
parliament showing parliament is now
stronger
- replaced by daughter Mary and her husband William - known as the Glorious
Revolution (peaceful transfer of power)
- no ruler would be greater than the legislature
The glorious revolution
– 1689 - rights for ruler, citizens, and parliament
- all actions needed consent of Parliament
5. English Bill of Rights
- monarch could not suspend - Parliaments laws - create special courts - impose taxes - act in a military conflict
- Parliament would be freely elected - free speech - citizens would have a fair trial by
jury and stop cruel and unusual punishment
– customs and precedents - judges look to earlier cases to make a
ruling (precedent) - American laws about contracts,
property and personal injury is based on common law
6. Common law
7. Jamestown – 1st colony - founded 1607 - granted a charter from King
James I - 1619 set up Virginia House of
Burgesses - beginning of self
government - 22 burgesses (men) - 2 from each county - elected by colonists - little power
– Pilgrims written plan of government - direct democracy - males vote - majority rules - just and equal laws
8. Mayflower Compact
9. Colonial government – 13 governments - governor - elected by
colonists - appointed by
English king - legislature - elected
representatives - modeled after
English Parliament
- each colony had
- church
- school
- hospital
- fire department
– many of the rights that we have today can be traced back to the
political and legal traditions of England
10. Today