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2.1 Conditional Statements with work 1 Sep 2111:17 AM 2.1 Conditional Statements Conditional: A statement that can be written in “ifthen” format. Also often noted as , which can be read as ”. Hypothesis: The part of a conditional statement following the “if.” Conclusion: The part of a conditional statement following the “then.” Rewrite the following statements in conditional “ifthen” form. 5. Acute angles are less than 90 degrees. 6. The game will be played provided it doesn’t rain. 7. All runners are athletes. Sep 2111:17 AM Given a conditional in the form , there are three variations on the conditional. Conditional: Converse: Notice that the hypothesis and the conclusion are switched. Inverse: This statement reads “if not p then not q”. The hypothesis and conclusion of the original conditional statement have be “negated”. Contrapositive Reads “if not q then not p”. This is the negation of the converse statement. Sep 2111:18 AM Definitions: Truth Value : The truthfulness or falseness of a conditional statement, its converse, its inverse, and its contrapositive. Logically Equivalent: When statements have the same truth value. (either true or false). Counterexample: A specific situation or example used to disprove a statement BiConditional: Exists when a conditional and its converse are both true. BiConditionals can be written in a special formal using the notation “iff” which stands for “if and only if.” Note: All Definitions are BiConditionals Sep 2111:19 AM Examples: Conditional: If a candy bar is a Milky Way, then it contains caramel . (True) All Milky Ways contain Caramel! Converse: If a candy bar contains caramel, then it is a Milky Way. (False) A Snickers contains caramel but it isn’t a Milky Way! Inverse: If a candy bar is not a Milky Way, then it does not contain caramel . (False) Again, a Snickers would be a counterexample to the statement. Contrapositive: If a candy bar does not contain caramel, then it is not a Milky Way. (True) If a candy bar doesn’t contain any caramel then we know for sure it is not a Milky Way! Write the converse, inverse, contrapositive for the conditional given and assess the truth value for each statement. Conditional: If you are a teenager, then you are 13. (False) Converse: ________________________________________________________________ ( ) Inverse: __________________________________________________________________ ( ) Contrapositive: _____________________________________________________________ ( ) Sep 2111:20 AM Conditional: If an angle is a right angle, then it measures 90 degrees. (True) Converse: _________________________________________________________________( ) Inverse: ___________________________________________________________________( ) Contrapositive: _____________________________________________________________ ( ) Conditional: If then . (True) Converse: ____________________________ ( ) Inverse: ______________________________ ( ) Contrapositive: ________________________ ( ) Do you notice a pattern between the truth values of the statements? _______________________________________________________________________________ Sep 2111:22 AM Biconditional Examples: Write two conditionals that are equivalent to the given biconditional. An angle is a right angle if and only if its measure is 90 degrees. Given the following conditional and its converse, rewrite the statements as a biconditional. Conditional: If two angles have the same measure, then they are congruent. Converse: If two angles are congruent, then they have the same measure. Determine which of the following statements are biconditionals. _____All runners are athletic. _____A triangle is a polygon with three sides. _____Angles greater than 90 degrees are obtuse. _____Integers are numbers _____Congruent segments are equal in measure. A definition is a “good” definition only if it can be written as a biconditional. Determine whether the following are “good” or “bad” definitions. Pear: a fruit which can be eaten Equilateral Triangle: a triangle in which all three sides are of equal length Square: a polygon with exactly four sides Teacher: a person who works for the public schools Perpendicular Lines: two lines which intersect to form right angles

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2.1 Conditional Statements with work

1

Sep 21­11:17 AM

2.1 Conditional Statements

Conditional:  A statement that can be written in “if­then” format. Also

often noted as , which can be read as  ”.

Hypothesis: The part of a conditional statement following the “if.”

Conclusion: The part of a conditional statement following the “then.”

Re­write the following statements in conditional “if­then” form.5. Acute angles are less than 90 degrees.

6. The game will be played provided it doesn’t rain.

7. All runners are athletes.

Sep 21­11:17 AM

Given a conditional in the form , there are three variations onthe conditional.

Conditional: 

Converse:         Notice that the hypothesis and the conclusion areswitched.

Inverse:           This statement reads “if not p then not q”. Thehypothesis and conclusion of the                                          original conditional statement have be “negated”.

Contrapositive   Reads “if not q then not p”. This is the negationof the converse statement.

Sep 21­11:18 AM

Definitions:Truth Value: The truthfulness or falseness of a conditional statement, its converse, its inverse, and its contrapositive.

Logically Equivalent:  When statements have the same truth value. (either true or false).

Counter­example: A specific situation or example used to disprove a statement

Bi­Conditional: Exists when a conditional and its converse are both true. Bi­Conditionals can be written in a special formal using the notation “iff” which stands for “if and only if.”Note:  All Definitions are Bi­Conditionals

Sep 21­11:19 AM

Examples:Conditional:  If a candy bar is a Milky Way, then it contains caramel.  (True) 

All Milky Ways contain Caramel!Converse: If a candy bar contains caramel, then it is a Milky Way. (False) 

A Snickers contains caramel but it isn’t a Milky Way!

Inverse: If a candy bar is not a Milky Way, then it does not contain caramel. (False) Again, a Snickers would be a counter­example to the statement.

Contrapositive:  If a candy bar does not contain caramel, then it is not a Milky Way. (True) If a candy bar doesn’t contain any caramel then we know for sure it is not a Milky Way!

Write the converse, inverse, contra­positive for the conditional given and assess the truth value for each statement.

Conditional:  If you are a teenager, then you are 13.  (False)

Converse: ________________________________________________________________   (          )Inverse: __________________________________________________________________  (           )Contrapositive: _____________________________________________________________ (           )

Sep 21­11:20 AM

Conditional:  If an angle is a right angle, then it measures 90 degrees.   (True)Converse: _________________________________________________________________(           )Inverse: ___________________________________________________________________(           )Contrapositive: _____________________________________________________________ (          )

Conditional:  If then .         (True)

Converse:  ____________________________ (         )Inverse: ______________________________ (         )Contrapositive: ________________________ (         )

Do you notice a pattern between the truth values of the statements? _______________________________________________________________________________

Sep 21­11:22 AM

Bi­conditional Examples:

Write two conditionals that are equivalent to the given bi­conditional.An angle is a right angle if and only if its measure is 90 degrees.

Given the following conditional and its converse, rewrite the statements as a bi­conditional.Conditional: If two angles have the same measure, then they are congruent.Converse: If two angles are congruent, then they have the same measure.

Determine which of the following statements are bi­conditionals._____All runners are athletic._____A triangle is a polygon with three sides._____Angles greater than 90 degrees are obtuse._____Integers are numbers_____Congruent segments are equal in measure.

A definition is a “good” definition only if it can be written as a bi­conditional. Determine whether the following are “good” or “bad” definitions.

Pear:  a fruit which can be eatenEquilateral Triangle: a triangle in which all three sides are of equal lengthSquare: a polygon with exactly four sidesTeacher: a person who works for the public schoolsPerpendicular Lines: two lines which intersect to form right angles

2.1 Conditional Statements with work

2

Sep 26­12:26 PM

Venn DiagramsAlways

Sometimes

Never

if...

then...