THE TRIBUNE.SATURDAY MOBKlNCr. AUGUST ','Ü, 1842

IT The t> scat National Annual Fair oi" the Ameri¬can Institute wdi open at Nibkrs Garden October 10th. 1842-The ?th and 8th are receiving days. Notices trom Exhibitors already indicate an immeuse display.ty Advertiser* will please band in their advertisement",

for Monday's paper, before i» o'clock thlsevening.

CC/* For a Letter from Vermont.TheSalt Trade.Gardening and Various Itemsof Intelligence see First Pa&e.

(t/3* For the conclusion of the great arti¬cle on Francis Xavier see Last Page.

From Washington.By reference to uur Washington letter it will be

seen that another hope of passing a Tariff ha.-,been crushed by the votes of those very men vhoare abusing the Whigs for not passing it. TbcCommittee of Ways and Means reported a bill ex¬

pressly fitted to suit John Tyler and his wretchedguard, by striking out the Distribution and offer¬

ing the Locos the abolition of duty on tea and cof¬fee. And what was the result? Wise and Gil-mer voted against it, and only twelve of the Loco*Focos for it! These men have no more regardfcr their personal honor and their pledged word

titan they have for the good of the nation ; and

any man who looks to them for relief, or whobelieves them when they promise it, will meet &

swift and deserved disappointment. Are the

Whigs to be abused for the failure of this forlorn

hope ?

The Apportionment, cVc. at Albany.Editorial Correspondence.

Albany, Thursday Aug. 13,'42.The third day of the Session has closed, and the

sum of its labors is the report of the Regency bil

to Gerrymander the State. It allows the Whig.-12 to 14 of the 34 Members. (If the wlection hadbeen held under it last year, we should have hadseven.) It is just as unfair and partial a9 it can

be made, picking out the Whig Counties and fill

ing them up, wherever they cannot ba smotheredNot a Loco-Foco County in the State or Ward inthe City is put in a Whig District, while ours are

used up wherever it is possible. The Districtsblocked out for the City are not only unacceptableto us, but to the Loco-Focos also. The indicationsof dissatisfaction aro not confined to a few. Wash¬

ington and Essex, hanging together by a thread, and

forming nn irregular District nearly or quite t>

hundred miles long, are packed in a District in ordeito preserve the adjacent Counties from their Whigvirus, and thus do us out of a Member. Herkimcr,

' Hamilton and Clinton forma District at least 15U

miles long, and which cannot be traversed in threednvs, nor by any roads in less than 200 miles.

Against such a conjunction I understand ever/,Member from tho District protests. But Mr. HhI-sev Rogers, who fathers the bill, must have War¬

ren with his own Saratoga to save it from Whig-gery, and 'the party' wili probably oblige hitn ut

any cost to the People. The "destruction of Erie

County is perhaps the most outrageous feature of

this bill. Erie had in 1U40 over62,008 inhabitants,and will have 75,000 before 1845. It has mos;

vital local interests to be upheld or crashed ai

Washington, and ought never to bo without n Mem¬ber of Congress. It lias a strong claim to form ;..

District of itself. Tct this great County is hackedinto three pieces, and attached to three differentDistricts, in such a way that it can hardly ever

have a Member! Buffalo )s disseveied from it*own Cc irlty, and attached by a neck of land to Nia¬

gara and Orleans,with which its whole trade will riolamount to $5,000 per annum ! This is madness.But Erie has no Loco-Focos in the Legislature,and must take such fare as is scut her. I shall not

be surprised to see the bill put through without thealteration of a comma, in defiance of the verystrong repugnance both to its matter and the man¬ner of its concoction.

In tho Senate, this day was devoted to a shai :.

debate on the disposition ofthe Erie Railroad andvarious matters pertaining thereto, founded ou u

concurrent resolution introduced and called up b\Mr. Faulkner (Loco) instructing theComptrollerto Postpone the Sale! ofthe Erie Railroad till afterthe next meeting of the Legislature. If this is nut

'crocping out at the little end of the h-srn,' I knownot what would be. But little as it is the Re¬

gency stickle at its passage, though I presume theywill let it go through ut lust. But Mr. Dickinson(A. B. not D. S. tho Loco candidate for Lieut.Governor, who is no longer in the Senate) exposedthe utter nothingness of this proposition most ef¬

fectually, though he said he should vote for it,shadow as it is. Mr. Hsnter unbosomed hispro-fundity to express his abhorrence of the idea ofMr. Dickinson that tho Comptroller would not be

permitted to sacrifice this Railroad. Finally, th"whole subject wus laid over till to-morrow, whenresolutions by Gen. Root in support of the LandDistribution; by Mr. Dickinson, in favor of u

Protective Tariff, and by Mr. Furman, in favor ofconsidering the state of our unfinished PublicWork», will be in order. I»expeet to see them alllaid on the table by a party vote. Mr. Faulkner'smoonshine resolution will probably pass.

In the Assembly, the Speaker has decided thatpetitions cannot be received at this Session, andthe decision is now under review on appeal. Alltho Jurie Railroad men who are in earnest will vote

against the decision, since it was mado on a Rail¬road petition, arid made to shut out Railroad pe¬tition*. Still, 1 think the Speaker will be sus¬

tained by a closo vote.

The Senate has proposed and the House refuseda Joint Committee on the Apportionment and thelatter will go ahead with the Regency bill en it*own hook. The alterations proposed by the Whigminority of the Committee havo not yet been pub¬lished. But it is of very little consequence whatthey are.

The debate on the appeal will be continued to¬

morrow morning, Mr. O'Scllivan having thefloor. Mr. Hoffman's anti-Improvement tiradewill be answered, I presume, either by Mr. Si.v-mons or Mr. Smith of Genesee. The Session isnet nearly through yet. H. G.

Thi Voice of the People..The Whigs ofHarlord County, Md. were assembled at Del Airin Convention when the news of the fourth Vetoreached them. Tho following resolutions were

immediately adopted by acclamation:Wser-rat, news has just arrived that President Tvler hn«

vetoed the Revenue Bill lately presented fir his signature,fore* lcar'n» lht" Government without funds, it is there-

Ä«*h<Hi, as the unanimous opinion of this meeting. Thatms retirement from the Presidential Chair would be bailed

opoÄ coÄ?Ut lbft Rc»l'hlic' anct confer a blessing

h.?t*%IJ?1'lh0DRh ,!o..* and betrayed at the veryhour o.vKi»ry, aHn party We ,}o despond; that theprmc.plc* w profcB are tbo-e upon which depend theprosperity, and wel-hreof .ur^ , ^^rYTh« l£.those Prmciples and that country -*e are ever « read v. avereadv for the fceki.' prepared to boM oar standard, oikour flints, and under an ah* and well tried leader, tomm-once more to victory. '

Artificial Cold..A friend inquire? if »omeof our correspondents have a recipe which ate

peared in mnuy of cur journals some ye<ar or twosince, stating the materials that would producethe greatest artificial cold over yet known. Iff»o» will they favor us with it?

The Vet* JPowcr.As the Abridgement ofthe power of the Execu¬

tive Veto Vi Ui probably be made a prominent ques¬tion between tho two parties at the coming Presi¬dential Election, we publish below the- -ute ir. theHouse on t'te resolution reported by Mr. Aoam-

declaring that after a bill has been returned by thePresident its re-pa^-wgr by a majority of bothHouse* »f Congress shail make it a law. As thePower was intended by the frameis of the Consti¬tution to be used.in cases, numety, of encroach¬ment on the powers of the Executive, of infrac¬tions of the Constitution and of rash and hasty le¬

gislation.it is undoubtedly safe and conservativein its action. It was thought scarcely possible inthose days of Republican purity and stern, true re¬

gard for the People's will that it should be madethe instrument ef outrage or wrong on the part ofthe President; and it was not until within the lasttwelve years that any tendency thus to abuse itwas made manifest. It was, up to that disastrousday, considered a safe and wholesome restraint.Rut at that time the self-willed spirit of Gen.Jackson found it a convenient engine for his pur¬poses, and the use then made of it and the course

of argument by which that use was defended turnedthe attention of the People to the real character ofthis Constitutional provision. But it was reservedfor John Tyler, laboring thus with power fat-higher than his own, in behalf of Popular Rightsand Republican Liberty though with far differentintent> to hold up to the American People inall its repulsive deformity this power as it maybe abused to serve the purposes of an unprinci¬pled Executive. No further argument can beneeded against it, in tho eyes of intelligent patri¬ots, than the bare reference to the acts of defianceand insult to the People which have marked thebrief but fruitful Administration of the accidentalPresident. Henry Clay spoko tho feelingsof the nation when he gave the signal for its mod-fication or repeal; and it becomes important,therefore, to know how his proposition is received

by the Representatives of the People. The fol¬lowing is the vote on the adoption of the resolu¬tion of Mr. A»4Ms. Requiring a vote of two-

thirds, of course it was rejected :Yeas.Messrs. Adams, Allen, LandafTW. Andrews, Sher¬

lock J. Andrews, Appleton, Arnold, Aycrigg, Babceck,Baker, Barnard, Birdscye, Blair, Boardman, Borden, BottsBrockway, .Milton, Brown, Jeremiah Brown, Burnell, Cal-houn, Tbos. J. Campbell, Carnthers, Casey, Cbiltenden..lohn C. Clark, Jns. Cooper, Cowen. Cranston, Cravens. G.!>avis, Deberry, John Edwurds, Fdlmore, A. LawrenceKöster. Gentry, Giddmgs, Go«»in, Patrick G. Goode, Grab un, Granger. Green, Hall, Hal.stei, Howard, Hudson. JasIrvin, Jam*.«, John P. Kennedy. King, Lan*-, Linn, McKer.-nar., -am<on, Mason, Madiiot, .Maxwell, Maynard, Morgan..Morris, Morrow, Owsley, Pearce, Pendieton, Powell, Ram¬sey, B. Randall, A. Randall, Raudalph, Rayner, Ridgway,Rodnev, Win. Russell, Junes M Russell, Sa'tonstall, Shop-pi-rd, Stade, Söllers. Stanly, Siratton, John T. Stuart, Sum¬mers, TaliafeiTO, John B. ThOmpeon. Richard W. Thomp¬son, Toland, Tomlinson, Triplett, Trnmbull, Underwood;Van Rensselner. Wallace, Warren, Washington, Edward D,White. Joseph L- White, Thomas W. Williams, Ct>r^topherH. Williams, Joseph L. Williams, Yorke, Augustus Young.Whigs, 97 : Locos (in Itai.) 1.Total, 98.Nays..Messrs. Arrington, Atherton, Barton, Beeson,

Bidiack, Bowse, Charles Brown,. Burke, Green VV. Cald-well, Patrick C. Caldwell, John Campbell. Cary, Clifford,Clinton^ Coles, Colquil, Mark A. Coupe'-, Cross, Cusihnc,Daniel. Richard D. Davis. Dawson, Doan, Doig, Egbert;Ferris, John G. Floyd, Gilmer, William O. Gunde. Gor¬don, Güstin«. Gwi», linkersham, Harris, Hastings, Hays;Holmes, Hopkins, Houck, Houston. Hubard. Huat-r, Chss.J. Ingersoll, Wm. W. Irwin, Cave Johnson, John W.Jones,Keim, Andrew Kennedy; Lewis, Littlehehl, A. McClellanjK. McClellan. McKay,'McKeon, .Mallorv, T.F. Marshall,J. T. Mason. Mattocks, Medill, Miller, Mitchell, Newbard,Parmenter;Payne, Plainer, Pope, Proffit, Rearle, Read¬ing, Reynolds. Rhett, Riggs, Rogers, Roosevelt, Sanford,Saunders, Shields, Snyder, Steenrod, Sumter, JacobThompson. Torney, Van 3uren, Ward, watteraon, Weder,J. W. v.'iiiiams, wise, Wood.

Locos 79; Whigs (in Italics) ö ; Tylerites (insmall capitals) 6.Total, 90; showing a majori¬ty in favor of the resolution.

Things in Ohio.Correspondence of The Tribune.

Columbus, August is. 1342.

[After a graphic sketch of the proceedings ofthe Whig member* of the Legislature, with whichour readers are already acquainted, out correspon¬dent proceeds us follows

Never were, men so utterly confounded as were

the Loco-Focos by this step. They have tram¬

pled so long on the Whigs with impunity that theydeemed themselves secure in any outrage whichthey could bring their own men to support. Theresignation took place on Thursday. All theWhig members of buth Houses concurred in thecourse adopted, although some three or four were

left in each branch to call the yeas and na\s and.keep tho Loco-Fpcos within the rules of order..The Whig members united in a very able und can¬

did address to the people, which you will see, andwhich goes into an examination of facts at muchlength. The Whig members general v left town

on Friday , and, after two or three ineffectual at¬

tempts to go on with the session and compel theretnrn of the resigned members to their seats, theLoco-Focos adjourned informally and followedthem home too.

The effect of this proceeding cannot fail of be¬ing salutary in various respects. The Loco-Focoswill rail against it as a revolutionary act, but it iseminently otherwise. It is conservative, in fact,because it secures to tho people rights which a

measure of the Legislature was about to deprivethem of. But the Whigs of Ohio have finally re¬

solved that they will submit to no more partialand unjust legislation. Their former acquiescenceha» only emboldened their former opponents tothe commission of greater oatrages, and they havefinally resolved to try the efficacy of an oppositecourse of policy. I doubt whether there is in theUnion such a licentious and unprincipled gang ofreprobates as have the control of the Loco-Focuparty in Ohio. However, their ascendency isdrawing to a close. One or two efVarts more will,I think, dispose of the whole band.So far as we have heard from the country, the

measure of the resigning members meets with theunqualified approbation of the Whig party. Fromcfeu time forward we shall have an active canvass,but give yourselves no uneasiness about the result.We shall carry the State by an overwhelming ma¬

jority. Ohio is sound to the core. The knowingones among the Loc«*-Focos have no idea of de¬feating Corwin. They expect to-save the Senate,and probably will, and will fight for the House,but I feel confident will be handsomely beaten..The occurrence in the Legislature will rouse our

triends to the highest exertions, and that is allthat is wanted to secure a certain triumph. Ohiois safe. See that New-York bears the Clay tingaloft as manfully in November as we shall in Oc¬tober. Yours, Sue, S.

KF Tho Parkersburgk (Va.) Gazette, which sup¬ported Mr. Van Buren in 1840, has placed thename of Henry Clay at the head of its columnsfor President in 1844. The Editor says that afterthe rao«t deliberate consideration he is convincedthat the " Whig measures are the best adapted to

bring relief to the country and give prosperity andhappiness to the people."-

OS" The Seventh, Tonth and Thirteenth WardsCourt, so long closed ou account of the sicknessand death of the late Assistant Justice, is now

opened for the transaction of business. The Courtis open frem 9 o'clock, A. M. to 12, M.. and from2$ to 4$, P. M. Suitors in the District will not

be troubled with delay.- hereafter. Joseph Hoxie,Esq., the newly appointed Justice, we are happyto learn, is determined to make an entire reformin the Court, i

The Tariff* in the Hotter.As was seen by ->ur Wa.-hingr.un 'rtter yesterday

the Locc-Foros were indirectly put to the test a*

to their avowed willingness u> aid the Wings i" establishing a Tariff provided the Distribution of jih* Public Lanes should be relinn't'shrd. Amo¬eba was made by Mr. McKsssas to suspend tberoles enable him to offer a resolution to pas*men a Tariff. The Locos were taken all abackand voted at random, those of them who did not

dodge. Finding that the resolarion was not likelyto be sustained more of them en the -ccond triulsupported it: tbe vote then waa as follows:Yeas..Messrs. Allen, L. W. Andrew«, Sb*-Iock J. An¬

drews, Appletoo. Arcr.gz. Babcock, Baker. Barnard,Beeson, BxdUick. Birdseye, Blair, Boardnnn. Borden. Brock-way, Milton Brown. Cha let Br'.-am. Jeremiah Browr,Bumell. Calhoau, William B. Campbeii, Thonas J. Camp¬bell, Caruthers, Childs, Chittenden, John C. Ciark, Cfbito*,.fame- Cooper, C«>wen, Craaston, COSBCTG, C^rrett Davis,Richard D Doris, Doig,Jnhr. Edward* EverHt. Fe'senden.Fillmwr*. John G. Floyd, Gentry. Girry, Giddings, Patr'n 1;G. Gocxle, Gordon, Granger, Gustine,Ha11, Halstead, Hays,Howard, Hudson, Charles J. Ingersau, Josepb R. Ingersoil,James Irvin, William W. Irwtk, James, Eeim, John P.Kennedy, Lane, Robert McClellan, >l-Kenr,a». Tnoraas F.Mars' all, Samson Ma-on. Mathiot. Mattocks, Maxwell. May-nard, Mitchell, Moore, Morgan, Morris, Morrow, tfewhard,Osborne, Parmenter, Peace, Pendleton, Plvner, P»>re.Powell, Proffit, Ramsey. Benjamin Randall. AlexanderRaDdall, Randolph, Read, Ridgwav, Riggs, Rodney. Wil¬liam Ru-seil, James M. Russell. Salionstall, Sunford, Sher>-perd, Slade- Truman Smith, Snyder, Stratton, Alex. H. ft.Stuart, John T Smart, Summers, S-xeeny, Taliaferro, JobnB. Thompson, Tillinghast. Toland, Tomlinson, Trinlen.Trunibnil, Van Buren, Van Rensselaer, Wallace, Ward,Weller, Edward D. White, Soseph s. White,]Tbomas W.Williams, Joseph L. William», Wise, Yorke, AugustusYoung.Whigs 95.Locos (in Italics) 23.Tyierites

(in small cap's) 4.total 122.NAYS.Messrs! Adams, Arnold, Arringtnn, Atherton, Bar¬

ton, Black, Botu, Boyu, A. V. Brown, Burke, William O.Butler, Green, W. Caldv.eil, Patrick C. Caldwell, JohnCamiibell, Cary, Casey, Chapman, Clifford, Cojes. Colquit,Mark A. Coopir. Cross, Daniel, Daw'on, Debcrry, Doane.John C. Edwards. Egbert, A. Jj>ra:rencc Foster, Gamine,Goggin, William O. Geoile, Graham, Gwin. Habershnm,llnrris. Holmes, Houston, HnhurU, Hunter, Wdliam CostJohnson, CaveJohnsen, J. W. Jones, Linn. Littlefield. Abra -

bam McClellan, McKay, McK-on, Mallorv, John Thomp¬son Mason, Mathews, Medill, Ozcsley, Payne, Rayner, Rhett,Rogers, Roseveit. Shaw,Shields, Steenrod, Su -ter, RichardW. Thomnson, Jacoh Thompson. Torre}', Warren, Wash¬ington, Watterson, James W. Williasas, Christopher H.fVilliams, Wood.Locos 54.Whigs (in Italics) 17.Tyleritc 1.

Total 72.In connection with this vote should be remem¬

bered the letter of Mr. Bcrke. which we publish^ed yesterday, (who, it will be noticed, could not be

prevailed on to vote for the suspension even from' personal courtesy' in thiscasc). declaring that the'Northern Democracy' had no intention ofjoiningwith the Whigs in support of a Tariff. The truthis the severance of the Land Distribution fromthis question will alienate more Whig friends of ti

Tariff than it will conciliate Loco-Foco enemies;.for it will be seen that the Southern and WesternWhigs generally voted with the body of the Loco--,

against the resolution. With roferonr.e to the ro

suit then, the lntr.lligencer says that the appear¬ances indicated by this vote are hiore favorable to

the passage of a Revenue Bill than the reality willbear out. The probability is that no such bill can

pass the two Houses and become a law.That the establishment of a Tariff should be the

most difficult thing in the wot hi we think mayeasily be seen. If. is a question which more vitallyand directly than any other affects the different in¬terests of the country : and while it operates gen¬erally upon them all, it must be adjusted with

specific reference to each. Now the Whigs as a

pany have in tho first place to face the whole ur-

my of Loco-Focos.pledged to the abstractionsand absurdit.es of Free Trade. They are mc. at

every step by their opposition.«Mther direct andabove-board, or couched under some specious,glozing pretences which render it more difficult to

find opponents than to beat them when found.But besidos this, there is every reason in the worldwhj they should differ am»ug themselves, as to thedetails of an efficient Tariff. The Whigs of Ver¬mont, for instance, must have a Tariff which will

protect their Wool.and at the same time Dye-Stuffs and tither materials necessary for the manu¬

facturer must be at a low rate of duty. Penn¬

sylvania demands a duty which shall protect herIron and Coal interests: Massachusetts, RhodeIsland, and other manufacturing States, must regardtheir Cotton, Shoe, Woolen and other manufactu.os.Now though the Farmers of tho nation are bone-1h'ted by the general Protection of all those infer-!csts, still, they upj extended and powerful enough,each by itself, to create serous embarrassmentsfor every attempt to ml just u iariff for them ail.This, however, difficult a_s it is, the Whigs huve

successfully accomplished. und the bills theyhnsu already passed are believed to contain theonly principles of Compromise which could becurried through. Now the Loc*s pretend to favora Revenue Tariff; but whew the Whigs seek tn

meet them on thi* und bring them up to the marknothing in the worid is eusier than for them to ex¬

cept to details, und so to shape their course as to

alienate the friends of sonn one or more of thevarious interests of the country. This is thesource of the difficulty by which the Whigs inCongress are now beset; and so long as the Locosarc actuated by the saree factious, mischievousspirit which rules them now, they have the power,which they will without scruple exercise, of de¬feating every attempt to establish a Tariff. Thatour friends in Congress should be blamed for fail¬ure in the effort is unreasonable and absurd.

KF" Tho Tnlladega (Ala.) Southerner placesthe name of Henry Clat at the head of its col¬umns for President.

Fire..The cloth manufactory of Mr. A. G.Folger. in Wadsworth, Ohio, was burned recently.Loss $-1000. No insurance.

033 The alarm of fire about 9 o'clock last nightproceeded from the frame house Nu. 121 Divisionstreet, occupied as a Cabinet-making store. Thefire was confined to the upper part of the house,and but little damage sustained.

Death from Lightning..The Jonesborough(Tern?) Whig says that on Saturday night, 6thinst.. about 10 o'clock, while religious exerciseswere going on at a Camp Meuting, 7 miles fremJonesborough, the camp wns struck by lightning,and Miss Mary Taylor, daughter of the late Jas.P. Taylor, of Carter County, und a young gentle¬man, John C. Miller, a student of WashingtonCollege, whose parents reside in Rutherford Co.,N. C, were struck dead by lightning.so perfectlydead that no spark of the natural or animal liferemained. Several other pfrrson* were stunnedand injured.Lausc«..A beautiful ship, of about 500 tons,

was launched this forenoon between f and 10o'cloek, from the yard of Messrs. Currier & Mc¬Kay, Newburyport. She is called the Asbburton.axd is owned by Capt. Wm. Plummer and Mr.Charles Hill. [Boston Circular.

Cheap Traveling..One line of canal-boatscarries passengers from Troy to Whitehall, a dis¬tance of 70 miles, f»u 12 1-2 cents, and the otherfor sixpence. O- some days they have carriedpassengers for nothing. How long the oppositionwill last we cannot say. but learn that two new

boats are expected daily, which will bo placedupon the route In consequence of the low rateof fare, the boats are of course crowded withpassengers.

_[Troy Whig.

C3f"* The steamboat Lebanon, sunk below Cam-den Bend, on the Missouri, has been raised with¬out much damage. The cargo, mostly Sante Fegoods, was greatly damaged, and abandoned tothe underwriters. "[St. Louis New Era. '

Later from Vera Crvz .The Americanbarque Anahuac, Capu Wilson, arrived at thisport yesterday from Vera Crux, which port sheleft on the 18th of July. She brings as passen¬gers Lients H. Mansan and Brown, S. T. Hoyle,L. F. .Margunat and E. H. Fonley, who were

!3kcn capiiv- by the Mexicans with the Santa Fe

expedition, and who were liberated, with two utm-

dred others, on the 13th of June by Santa Ann.

They reached Vera Cruz on the 16th of J uly, twodays before sailing. We learn by this arrival thatthe Mexican authorities arc diligently recruitingtheir army, and that they have already collectedtogether some 35,000 or 40,000 men for the os¬

tensible purpose of invading Texas. It is said,we know not on how food authority, that SantaAna has sent a deputation to Chili and otherSouth American States for the purpose of procur¬ing aid in the possible event of difficulties withthe United States._Despatches from Mexico..The Cincinnati

Times of the Ith insL says: ''Monsieur De Sa-ligny is now in our city, on his way to Washing¬ton, with despatches from the Mexican Govern¬ment."' These despatches doubtless contain a re¬

ply to Mr. Webster's letter to General Thompson,our Minister to Mexico, in answer t» the insultincand offensive note of the Mexican Secretary oiState, De Bocanegra.Armed Occupation of Florida..The act

providing for this undertaking baring become a

law, we annex a synopsis nf its provisions.Sec L Any head of a family or single man 13

vears of age, capable of bearing arms, who ha-made. er within a year from the passage of theact, shall make an actual settlement in Florida,south of the line dividing townships 9 and 10 S,and east of the base line, shall be entitled to one

quarter section of land on these conditions.1stof tnking a permit from the land office describinghis location; 2d, five years residence; 3d, threrection of a house fit for the habitation of man,and the clearing, enclosing and cultivating fiveacres of land, and an actual residence thereon forfour years: and 4tl\, that upon proof of compli¬ance with these conditioas, a patent shall issue to

him for the lands.Se#. II. Provides a mode of settling controver¬

sies where two persons or more have made thesane location.

Sec. III. No right of lonation under this ncr,within two miles of any military post, establishedand garrisoned at tho pciiod of settlement.Sec IV. forbids and aanuls all transactions of

everj- sort fur the transfer, sale or gift of .suchlands, and all liens thereon, before the issuing ofthe patent.

Sec. V. assures to the widow or heir-at-l;iw ofany settler dying before five years, or before hispatent is obtained, the benefit of such settlement.

Sec. VI. In case t«e sixteenth section be set¬

tled before actunl survey, the School Commission¬ers shall select other lands in lieu of the sixteenth.Sec VI. Not exceeding 200,000 acres to be

'.akf*n up under this act.Sec VIII. The President of the United Stntes

may, at any time, on giving six months' t.otice,suspend all further settlement under this act.Sec IX. The Commissioner of the Gen- ral

Land Office, before the 1st of February, 1144, to

report to Congress the name of even- settler underthis act.

Yellow Fever..Notwithstanding three or

four t-uses among the shipping, we cannot find that:inv aiarm at the supposed approach of our an¬

cient enemy, 'Yellow Jack,' exists. We noticemany strangers still in town, with brows as cooland uhwrinkled as 'hough they were residing on n

summit of the Catskiil Mountains. We do not

think any danger need be feared. We have run

more risk, probably, within the last three weeks,than we shall again undergo this season.

[N. 0. Beo.

OnERMN Case..The casn of Horace Nortonagainst Horace C. Taylor and others, brought tore-cover damages for an assault and batter}' commit¬ted upon him by the defendants, was tried in thisCounty last week, on an appeal from the Court ofCommon Pleas to the Supreme Court. A verdictwas rendered for the plaintiff for $550, being $.000iess than he recovered in the Common Pleas.

[Elyria Atlas.

Trial of JLiestt. Charles WilkcM, V. 0. >'.

IS'A VAL COCRT M.i RTIAL.

Reported fur Tim New-York Tribune.

THIRD DAY.Aug. 19.At the opening of the Court, the Judge Advocate read z

letter which Ute President, Commodore Stewart, bad re-

ccived from Mr. Secretary Upsbur, to the effect that it anyjournals, documents or pa per» were necessary for the trialof officers of die Exploring Expedition, they were to sus¬

pend further pm.-eedings until those papers, books or otherdocuments should be forthcoming.The following is a copy of this curious document:

Navy Departhent, 17th August, 1S42.Sir,.Before the Court proceeds further into the trial ef

any person connected with the Exploring Erpedition, t isdesirahle that it .should be ascertained whether or not anyportion of diejournals or other documents ofthe Expeditionnot now in the possession of th-* Court will be required asevidence. If it be found that such evidence will be required,the court wiil please suspend proceedings ia snrb case un¬til it can be produced, and report the fact to die Depart¬ment. I am. Sir, respectfully,Your obedient servant.

A. P. ÜFSHÜR.Com. Cha&les Stewart. President Naval Court Martial,

On baard U. S. ship North Carolina, New-York.After a little desultory conversation between Mr. Harail-

ton and the Judge Advocate, in which the former contend¬ed Üiat all the log-books of the Vincennes, up to 1840, hadbeen forwarded to the Department, the Court was clearedand remained in deliberation upward of two bourse. Onoar re-admission, a mysterious-looking box, from the De¬partment at Washington, was produced, which, on beingopened, was found to contain four log-books and some doc¬uments addressed to the Judge Advocate.While the reporters were excluded, Mr. Hamilton, the

counsel of Lieut Wilkes, was admitted and cited the follow-intr law for the guidance of the Court, from Judge Story :'. When the proceedings of every Court Martial shall bavecommenced, tbey shall not tie luspended or delayed on ac¬count of tbe absence of any ef the members, provided riveor more be assembled, bul tbe Court is enjoined to lit fromday to day, Sundays excepted, until sentence be given."When the Court bad all re-assembled,Mr. Hamilton said.Tbe Judge Advocate has stated to

me that he was instructed to ask Lieut. Wilkes or myself,as his counsel, whether he would ptoduce tbe rough log¬book ofthe Vincennes.Judge Advocate.Rough or smooth, sir, it matters not

which.Mr. Hamilton.Will Lieut. Wilkes assure me that he has

not in his possession a single log-book; that they bave allbeen sent to Washington. Mr. Stewart is ill and aot able tocome on board to prove the search bo made in Mr. Wilkes'%honse.Lieut. Wilka.l have not got them, and I am quite will¬

ing to produce all tbe papers I can. I should like to knowifthe log-book cf the Peacock has not been («und at the De¬partment. These logs were lorwarded at the same timeand here is a copy ofthe letter sent with them.

U. S. SfttP Vt.hcejtstes, )Oahc, Sakdwicb Islands, November 15,1841.JSir:.I have the hanor to transmit to you, by tbe shipL:«csanne. the smooth L^? Books e.f the Vincenaes, Pea¬

cock and Porpoise, complete to tbe 31st of October, 1*40.I have the honor, fee, to remain.

CHARLES WTLKES.Commander of the Exploring Squadron.To the Hon. J. K. PxCLnisrc, Secry Navy, Washington.

(Letter No. 50.)The PraidenL.Thil is only evidence of their having

been sent, not of tbeir having been received.Afr. Hamilton,.As soon as the decision of the Court is

made known, I beg leave to be allowed to place a writtenmemorandum before tbe Conrt for the purpose of beingpbtcd on the minutes.The President.Agreeably to the instracdons in the letter

received from the Secretary of die Navy, the proceedings.f the Court ranst be suspended.

Lieut. WiUree.(getting bold of some leg books) here aretbe logs of the Porpoise of tbal date and year

Afr. Hamilton.The presumption is that these logs werein the same parcel as the others.

Jxd*e Advocate to Lieut. Wittes..Do yon mean to saythat the log books wanted are not in your possession andthat you Jo not know where they are.*Mr. Hamih-Tn-^ieuL Wilkes says that they are not in

this city and that he is under the impression they sreatWashington.Lieut. W'dket.My wish is to produce ev-*ry paper I have

that is neeessary and not ta keep any back whatever.After some other desultory conversation, the President

said thai the Court was adjourned aatil Saturday.

BY THIS MORNING'STfae l»r»«Ttcct.

Correspondence of the Tribune.Wamuxctcv, Aug. IS, 1342.

Asyou wilt see by tbe proceeding* oi to-daywo are rapidly approachiog the end. To-morrowwill probably er.J the scene, unless tho Iron vten

of Pennsylvania, New-Jersey and New-\ ork,com<in to the support of something like Mr. Simmons s

20 percent, measure. Possibly this may be du:.-.

bypassing Mr. Barnard's biii through the Hüu*i-.

and substituting Mr. Simrnons's for it in the Seflrate. But I acknowledge that I have but little

nope of that result.We are now rapidly approaching the end. Th<

majority in Congress have done as much us tnei

representing such widely diversified interests

and sections of country could do, und every sacri¬

fice, except of honor, has been made by many of

them. I wish I could say as much for all, but 1

regret that all have not entitled themselves to thatcredit.We have indeed fallen on evi! times, when part)

is superior to patriotism and im.'h. I undertaketo snv that both have been sacrificed to-day by the

Democrats, as thry style themselves. But the re¬

medy is with the People.let them apply it.

The Senate is still en the Treaty. Bentoa and

Allen oppose it furiously, although it is in itseii

what no decent man could object to on the groundof national honor, and all tho correspondence con¬

nected with the negotiations is perfectly respect-ful, kind and conciliatory, without a word ofJohnBull's usual dictatorial spirit. It is thought thatit will be confirmed to-morrow. N.

»cb.-.tc on the Veto Report.The Tnrifl". «See.Correspondence of Tbe Trinuue.

Washington, August IG, IMZ.

The Senate were in Legislative Session but

abeut ten minutes to-day. Nothing was said con¬

cerning the resolution for ad journment, (whichhad been postponed till to-day.)

Mr. Wrioht presented a memorial from theNew-York and Albany Railroad Company, askingfor the importation of railroad iron duty fiee.

Mr. Crittenden, from the Committee on theJudiciary, reported without amendment and witha recommendation for its passage, the House b;li

rejecting the taking of testimony in cases of con¬

tested election.The Senate went into Executive Session.In the House, on motion of Mr. .1. R INGER-

soll, the Committee of the Whole was dischargeftom the further consideration of the bill from theSenate to define and establish the fi.-cal year ef theTreasury of the United States, (making it com¬

mence on the 1st of July,) and the bill was

passed.The motion of Mr. Wise to reconsider the vot

on the resolution for the amendment of the Coi.-

SDtution, reported by Mr. Adams, was discussedbv Mr. W. during the remainder of bis hour. Hereferred to a letter of Mr. Giddings <m die sub

jeet ef Abolition, and attempted to connect tu;.-

movement for the abolition of the two-thirds Vetowith the . heresy' of the abolition of slavery, Hecomplained bitterly of the House for the adoptionof Mr. Adams's Report; declaring th Prosideniworthy of impeachment, insisting that it was

unconstitutional proceeding, and that, believingas they professed to, it was their duty; in pre¬scribed form, to prefer articles of impeachment,and give die President a chance to be heard inself-defpnce betöre the proper tribunal.the Sen¬ate of the United Suites. Ho 4 dured ' und "d»tied' the House and Committee to bring in arti¬cles of impeachment, and said the Committee In d' ignominiously skulked ' from their duty in omit¬

ting it, and had turned their fury upon the Consti¬tution in bringing forward this amendment.Mr. Ra/nkr (one of tho Committee) with

much warmth said that Mr. Wise had " ignomi.i-iously skulked "' from meeting the argument of diereport of Mr. Adams. Mr Wise explained fonthe had not applied that term to the Committee ina personal or individual sense, but to th''m in theircollective capacity. Mr. Rayner, on this cor¬

rection, withdrew Iiis peraonul allusion to Mr.Wise, and the portentous thunder-cloud, that fora moment was Towering in terrific darkness be¬tween these, two gentlemen, passed away, andnearly the wonted state of atmosphere was re¬

stored.Mr. Rayner then in a powerful speech, pro¬

ceeded to reply to Mr. Wise und comment on the.reports of Messrs. Gilmerand [ngersoll. He saidthat several of the Committee, on lite vote, were

for going farther than Mr. Adams iiad gone: beI (Mr. R.) believed, with Mr. Bjtts, that impeach¬ment of the acting President should be resortedto. The report of Mr. Gilnier he g-ive the creditof being a frank document and held Iy asserting theExecutive prerogativel and independence and theduty bf Congress to bow to his dictation ; but h>-

disparaged Mr. Ingersoll'sreport as nor. having tbepretence of argument, but, on a e,ravo constitu¬tional question, of resorting to ribaldry, and as

being unworthy not only of a man of his experi¬ence on the floor of Congress but of n CollegeSophomore. He dwelt with much severity on the"acting" President's weakness, folly, usurpation,and consistency.referring to his t>trong Distribu¬tion Report to the Virginia Legislature, to his re¬

peated declaration of a change in his sentimentsand of his conviction of the necessity for a NatienulBank. He stated the fact that Mr. Stuart, of Vu.,had in his pocket a Bank Bill which had been pre¬pared and interlined and sanctioned by Mr. Tylerhimself.Mr. G. Davis ofKy. spoke with much warmth

in advocacy of the abolition of the present Vetopower, and in severe condemnation of the mon¬

strous and usurping course of the Executive in de¬feating every effort of Congress \o supply the ne¬

cessary revenue of the country.Mr. Borrs, in an explanation to Mr. Wise,

said he had not abandoned his plan, but shouldprefer articles of impeachment against the Presi¬dent next Session.

Mr. Arnold warmly advocated tho resolutionand denounced the arbitrary and capricious actionof the Executive. Mr. Colqcit of Ga. (Loco)defended the President.Mr. Granger moved the previous question..

The motion to reconsider failed, Yeas 14, Navs140.Mr. Fillmore reported from the Committee of

Ways and Means, and thus (reports from Com¬mittees being in order for tho morning hour)brought before the House Lur a direct vote the re¬

solution offered yesterday by Mr. MelvENNAN, de¬claring the expediency of passing such a revenue

bill as was just Tetoed excepting the land clauseand making tea and coffee free, und instructing theCommittee of Ways and- Means to report such a

bill. Mr. F. repeated his remark of yesterdaythat he wanted a direct vote of the House on this,that they might declare whether they would acton any revenue measure this Session.

Mr. Botts moved to lay the resolution on thetable. Rejected : Yeas 75, Nays 103. A call ofthe House was had, and 214 members collected.

After a number of points of order and much con¬fusion and excitement, the vote was taken and theresolution was rejected : Yeas 86, N=iys 114.So the House at last determine that they will

not send tbe same bill, with tbe exception of theDistribution clause, to the President. Attemptswill be made to get up other bills.The House adjourned. Argcs.

APPOINTMENTS Ey'tHE PRESIDENT,By end n-iLk tluc advice and consent of the Senate.

W. H. Simmons, Register of the Land Officeat St. Augustine, Florida, re-appoiuted.

The Senate is understood ro have beenagain occupied yesterday, in secret session, in de¬bate upun the question of ratification of the BritishConventions. It is also understood that the Presi¬dent of the United States yesterday laid before theSenate, for its advice and consent, a CommercialConvention recently concluded with the Republic IofTexas. [Nat. Intel, i

Ohio l.v -i^-iu re, &c.Corrasmcudence ol The New-York Tabaae.

Baltimore, Friday,8Jo'clock, A.M.Tbcro is nothing further direct fmm Colamboj,

Ohio, this n>.ra:og.Tbe resignation of the Whig Members is ever:,

where, so far as the intelligence of it had been re¬

ceived, hailed, with great satisfection by tbe pe>pie. Spontaneous meetings had been he'd binx-ittowns, and resolutions passed expressing the warnt¬

est approbation of the course ef the resigned mem¬bers. The movement, I doubt not, will have thehappiest effect upon the party in the State, [jjwill rouse them to a sense of the danger tbevwen-in ; whilst resting in fancied security the moder?Dalilah would have shorn them of their strength.The attempt which I see made to com oar-.,

this movement with that of the Loco-Focos in theTennessee Legislature, in which some sublina-ted 'Whigs join (save us from such friends!) doe,monstioas injustice to the Whigs of Ohio. Th*difference between the two consistschietly in this:In Ohio the Whigs resigned, returning their pewitto the people to be by them bestowed as theymight deem fit. In Tennessee the Loco-Focos rt-

fused to take port in the proceedings of the Legi -

hituro. leaving them without a quorum, and at tiisame time held on to their offices, thus not onlyobstructing the proceedings, bat actually prevent¬ing the people from exercising any power in thecase.

And again.the effect of the movement in T>..-nessee was to leave the State without Senaters inCongress, without remedy on the part ofthe peo¬ple. The effect of the resignation in Ohio is on yto postpone the election, and to allow the peop.eto say when and how it shall be had ; and as tinmembers of Congress to be elected would not

take their seats till after the fourth of M-mhnext, and most probably not till December, 134.1.the State is not, as in Tennessee, deprived ofanyof her representatives in Congress, and is in rb

danger of being deprived of it. Such is a plaitcommon sense view of the subject. So do thepeople of Ohio regard ir, and so will the true K>publicans ofthe Onion judge of it. The stab:.;«and respectability of a State are no: to be affectedby referring questions, affecting the rights of tiepeople, to the decision of the people, when sochquestions properly belong to them under the Con¬stitution.

Fr.on Indiana, this morning, I have nothbgfarther.

Atlantic Stkamkrs..Tho Chamber of Com-meroe held a meeting yesterday, to consider whatought tobe done in reference to the mission of dieFrench Commissioners who arrived in the Gt nur.

In consequence of some informality in the n.aatt'r

of culling the meeting, ir was adjourned for a tiny,Tho su rject is important, and deservestobe treat¬ed accordingly. Wo are so much a business peer!*tint we are apt to think but. little ofctiqnettu bitgentlemen who come tons onacemmercialtnissiontrom a groat nation, should, as u m Itter ofpivpricty, receive some special attention t:: tho cor>

raercial capital iff the country; and in the ru; :tiadvance of intercourse among tho nations, it u.Ube necessary, in a wise regard to our uwn inirrcit,to make it sure thaCfwe ur.dtrs>ui.<i snob msssiotj,ami are ourselves understood. [Joui of Con:.

'.CF* Professor Sillimau's Address this m rni\^t the North Church before the Alumni of dw '.I-

was an admirable thing and delivered in *i<

peculiarly graceful and interesting manner, f*subject was " Yale College, as it bus been.u> itis.as it mny be," In sketching the venerable t.

stitution as it has been, the ProfessorwrM delight¬fully humorsome, and he k< pt the crowded auli-encc intensely interested to the last word of (je

discourse, which was on every Recount a valnalJeon-.-, and es>p*»cially for its historical characW.The Alumni of the College present constituted^ssexceedingly large portion of the audience. Tinrrrtst have been a very gratifying occasion ro dies.

[New-Haven Pa'ladittm.

Mineral Wealth..We learn from Hih"*(N.H. Patriot that Dr. Charles T. Jackson, StiteGeologist, has lately examined a rich vein of ar¬

senic in Dunbarton, every ton of which, in itscrude state, he represents to he worth forty col¬lars, delivered in Boston. It is extensively ntiin painting. Dr. Jackson says this mit} be oa.Hymined; ic may be taken to Boston by railroad.at

expense probably not exceeding four or hedollars per ton. Dr. Jackson is nbout proceedingto Warner, lor th1? examination of the lime-stt»«which is known to exi*t and has been partitillyworked at that place. [Boston Atiat

Boy Drowned..While William Murry, aitdabout ten years old, was yesterday leaning o«*

the railing of a bridge near tho Providence B ti'*road Depat, his cap fell into the water. Ini«i-i.ng over to recover his cap, he lost his balaxeand fell in; his companions run for assistance, betbefore it arrived he hud sunk. The body was re¬

covered and carrird home to his parents, who re¬

side in Odeon Place. [Boston Journul.Dreadful Accident..An Irishman nan*!

Morris Roach was crushed to denth in this city sr.

Tuesday by a pile of lumber falliug over him. J$iage was about 4ö ; his character excellent, liha3 left a wife and two children. [Troy Whig

03* Politicians it appears are not the only p-K*pie chargeable with trading in the popularity dthe men of the day. A trading house in Philadel¬phia, has procured a quantity of sticks frora'Su".Clay's woods in Kentucky, and are retailing theeas Ashland Canes. Who will try a speculatiotäKinderhook Cabbages ? [Newark Daily

CCF* Col. Kearney, of the first Regiment of D*goons, who has been appointed to the comma*!of this division of the U. S. Army, arrived in ft*

city yesterday from Fort Leavenworth, to en:rr

upon his duties. His head quarters an; at Jens-son Barracks. [St. Louis Republican, Aug. 9

"That's our ThundCB.".An advertiser '« »fal'np ff

ideas to make bis medicines go. This is dishonest. We*tell how he can think tor himself without any cost to his c*science. Let him, when be has an advertisement W tn*veat a couple of Peters's Cordial Lozenges, and if they o*insnire bim with some original ideas, he must have ab*as obtuse as a wigblock. Few.pocts, or editors, nsar-a-o»*'think of doing anything brilliant without a few of to*Lozenges to sualime their imaginations. They abo **,the headache, correct nausea, and dispel low spirits. h*

equal to tbwse are Peters'* Lozenges for rcnebs. ea*worms. dyspepsia, and *ea-«ickrie»s. Office* 4-59 Broad}*'?53 Fulton. 4lö Hud *n. 210 Clndiam. and 150and330 »*er> ; and 9ö North Sixth street, Philadelphia, Will UOt*feeder he honest in laure, and buy his inspiration. l< **

we will send bim a lot gratis, for Its evident he csn ftoa- vnothing hmrsrlf that will serve as a substitute.From the Editors of tie Nt^Yort Methodist Christ**^

coeate and Journal, Jug. 10. ^D*SearV BtELi. Biography..This U a most

work, so f;rr as paper, printing, embell'shmcnis, &

in? are concerned. It is an oetavn volume. 5^*.191 oa?es of letter press, illustrated with some of tne »

spirited engravings we have reen Ite a lor>jr tine- *.

frontispiece, by Losnin?, represents Doddr^geJ*teaching him Scripture history bv D ich tiles.exouisite picture, and one on which the eye ma; «« ,

more than ordinary delight We bave not had time'he work, but from the notice* given of it by v>«e ^ fmost respectable jojrnals. we judge it will beceive,J by the religions poOlic Price, $2.30:122 Nassau street. New York. a"15

OCPOifB Thousand Dollars.An Advertisemente-1" An filxtraordin *ry Care," (which statement can

at the store of Mr. Burger, 5*j CorUandWreet.) kar,f'^!*insene-1 in several of tbe city r aper*,and a» 1 o"^."^,'»'.rath of tbe matter has bee< qce-tiooed, iherefcre »vbear any genü» man'- expenses to this mty, convey »»

%the residence of the person, pa y bim two dollars pef 'W xbis .im-, and srivebim one thousand dollars, if he »u,r9f.any rnr-terial pan of the »taterr.ent to he ontrtw. Aa> ...

«-)n <>^:o>u- of testjr,? tb'u matier can. by eatbnfw \

Burner, receive -atisiectr)>-y evidence that tbe nv&p '

.---i'ly. I would here lake .jeenrnn to state, W»- '

troth or th» statements of cares r^-rrbrmed by 8n^T?i>tsaparida can be sul.~ita.r.-."?tc* iu every instance.He will not confouiui tois article with the maev aftw»

3arsspa.-j;a advertised. C. C. BSlsrOUjyö 1-;j (2)Sui

The Merjiaid.Day PEa^ottMASCt-Gr^t^tra-'^Jto-day at th« Americaj Mussum. Soleadid P«1^?^at 4 o'ciVek by Wiachcll, Miss ßosaiie, Celcs^. A $cMermaid fev-^r zppeirs more ißcllned m iJ-c^'(yeurpabate. Several thousand persons have visittu th«»«?6Ulis we*lu