2016 04 18 the histology of female reproductive system2.pptx

8/16/2019 2016 04 18 The Histology of Female Reproductive System2.pptx

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HISTOLOGY OF FEMALE

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Ika Murti Harini

Histology-FK Unsoed


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References

Junqueira, LC, Carneiro,J & Kelly RO.Basic Histology. Appleton & Lange.

Gartner, LP & Hiatt, JL. Color Tet!oo"o# Histology, $n% %ition. 'B.(aun%ers Co)pany

'ilson *J. +-. Histology )ageRe/ie01 A co)plete illustrate% re/ie0course in !asic 2istology


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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM


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3TR4AL G4TALA

- Mons veneris- Labia majora

- Labia minora- Clitoris

- Vulva

- Bulbus vestibule- Introitus vagina


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4TR4AL G4TALA

- ovarium

- uterus- oviducts Fallo!ian "ubes#

- vagina


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Acessory

$ Placenta

$ 5a))aryGlan%s


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3TR4AL G4TALA


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3TR4AL G4TALA


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$ La!ia )a6ora % ("in #ol%, a%ipose tissue 77, s)oot2

)uscle 8 % (0eat & se!aceous glan%s

% Ho)ologous o# scrotu)$ La!ia )inora

% ("in #ol%, )e%ial to la!ia )ayora

% elastic 9!ers 77 % (e!aceous glan% 77, /essels 77,ner/es 77

% :esti!ulu)

$ Collects Bart2olini & )inor /esti!ularislan%s

3TR4AL G4TALA 1 /ul/a


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$ Clitoris

% Tips o# !ot2 la!ia )inora glans

clitori%is % Ho)ologous o# penis

% rectile tissue

% Bloo% /essels 77

% 4er/es 1 corpusculu) 5eissner &

Paccini

3TR4AL G4TALA 1 /ul/a


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4TR4AL G4TALA


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4TR4AL G4TALA


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O/ariu) 1 ger)inal epit2eliu)- t'e sur(ace e!it'elium covering t'e ovaries modi(ied !eritoneum#

- lo) cuboidal e!it'elium & derived (rom t'e mesothelial epithelium

-


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Corte o/arii


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Early Develo!en" of "#eOvary

$ 9rst )ont2 o# e)!ryonic li#e 1 ri!or$ial %er! cells $ %ierentiate as oo%onia$ t0o)ont2 e)!ryo 1 DD,DDD oogonia$ 9#t2 )ont2 1 7- )illion$ ri!ary oocy"es E follic&lar cells 0it2in an

ovarian follicle

$ se/ent2 )ont2 1 pri)ary oocytes$ 5any pri)ary oocytes are a"resia$ At pu!erty t2e o/aries contain a!out ;DD,DDD oocytes$ only one oocyte resu)es )eiosis 0it2 o/ulation

%uring eac2 )enstrual cycle >a/erage %uration, $F%ays@

$ All ot2ers %egenerate t2roug2 atresia


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Ovarian Follicles

TA

GEPF

S

*tages o( ovarian (ollicles+ (rom !rimordial to mature


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$ 5ost pri)iti/e$ Consists o# 1

% Pri)ary oocyte$ $< )$ Big, pale nucleus

% *ollicle cells$ (i)ple squa)ous cells

Pri)or%ial *ollicles


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Pri)ary oositCu!oi%al #ollicle cells+ layer 1 &nila!inar ri!ary follicle

*ollicle cell proli#eration E granulosa cells!&l"ila!inar ri!ary follicle

Iona pelluci%a 1 separating t2e oocyte#ro) t2e surroun%ing #ollicular cells

T2eca interna◦ Receptor #or LH◦ Pro%uce estra%iol

Pri)ary *ollicles


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Pri)ary *ollicles

PO

FC

GE

TI

ZP


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$ $DD )$ Liquor #olli"uli in

Callner !o%ies

E antru) #oli"ulli$ T2eca interna

eterna

(econ%ary >Antral@ *ollicles

TE

TI

LF


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$ )ature orpreo/ulatory#ollicle

$ Antru)$ $, < c)

>o/ulation@

$ Cu)ulusoop2orus

$ Corona ra%iata

$ 5e)!rana

l %e Graa#

* li" l % G # l


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*oli"el %e Graa# 1 cu)ulusoop2orus


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'all o# antral #ollicle


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Follic&lar A"resia

$ can occur at any stageo# its %e/elop)ent

$ #ollicular cells an%oocytes %ie

$ %ispose% o# !yp2agocytic cells

$ apoptosis an%%etac2)ent o# t2e

granulosa cells,autolysis o# t2e oocytean% collapse o# t2e ?onapelluci%a


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$ + %ays !e#ore net )enstruation$ + oocyteo/ulation$ Corpus ru!ru) E Corpus luteu) >pro%uce

progesteron@$ 4o #ertili?ation E Corpus al!icans$ *ertili?ation & corpus luteu) gra/i%aru)

O/ulation


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Corpus luteu)

$ (ormed (rom t'e remnants o(

t'e graa(ian (ollicle$ , tem!orary endocrine gland

t'at manu(actures and releases

'ormones t'at su!!ort t'e

uterine endometrium


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$ "'e granulosa lutein cells and t'eca lutein cells 'ave (ormed t'e

cor!us luteum CL#+ )'ic' is maintained i( !regnancy occurs$ *ome o( t'e blood vessels arro)# in t'e ovarian corte. are visible

at t'e to! o( t'e (ield


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Corpus Al!icans

$ egeneration o#corpus luteu)

$ p2agocytose% !y)acrop2ages,9!ro!lasts enter,)anu#acture type collagen

$ #or) a 9!rous

structure


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/viducts Fallo!ian "ubes#


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$ paire% %ucts t2at catc2 t2e o/ulate%secon%ary oocyte

$ nouris2 !ot2 t2e oocyte an% sper),pro/i%e t2e )icroen/iron)ent #or#ertili?ation

$ transport t2e e)!ryo un%ergoingclea/age to t2e uterus


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Layers o# t2e 0all

% 5ucosa$ (i)ple Colu)nar epit2eliu) 1 Ciliate%

cell, (ecretory cell >Peg cell@

$ La)ina propria % 5uscularis 1 a t2ic" )uscularis 0it2so)e02at inter0o/en circular >or spiral@an% longitu%inal layers o# s)oot2

)uscle % (erosa 1 t2in serosa co/ere% !y /isceralperitoneu) 0it2 )esot2eliu) >(i)ple(qua)ous epit2el@


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, cross-section o( t'e uterine tube at t'e

antrum s'o)s t'e inter)oven circular C#

and longitudinal L# layers o( smoot'muscle in t'e muscularis and in t'e

com!le. o( (olded mucosa+ t'e lamina

!ro!ria L0# underlying a sim!le columnar

e!it'elium arro)s# 1234 H56


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"'e e!it'elium 6# contains !rimarily t)o

columnar cell ty!es+ ciliated and nonciliated+

)it' t'e latter s'o)ing darker staining a!ical

!egs bulging into t'e lumen L# 1744 0"


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5ucosa o# t2euterine tu!e 0all

Hig'er

magni(ication o(

t'e e!it'elium

s'o)s t'e ciliated

cells CC#

inters!ersed )it'

t'e secretory cells

*C#8!eg cells+

)'ic' !roduce t'e

nutritive (luid

covering t'e

e!it'elium

/ #


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U"er&s


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Mterus

$ Pear s2ape%, - $,< c);$ ; parts1

% Corpus % *un%us % Cer/i

$ Corpus & #un%us1

% 5ucosa 1 n%o)etriu) % 5uscularis 1 5yo)etriu) % (erosaa%/entitia 1 Peri)etriu)


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Mterus

!erimetrium

Kelenjar endometrium


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A%/entitia(erosa

$ ense irregular connecti/e tissue 0it2

attac2e% )esot2eliu) >serosa@$ ense irregular connecti/e tissue

>a%/entitia@

$ Bloo% /essels


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5yo)etriu)

$ T2ic"est layer$ nner an% outer layers are )ostly

longitu%inal in orientation$ 5i%%le layers are )ore circular$ 5i%%le layer t2ic"ens in pregnancy 0it2

)ore s)oot2 )uscle cells an% increase%collagen


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"'e myometrium is com!osed o(

inner longitudinal+ middle circular+

and outer longitudinal layers o(

smoot' muscle


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n%o)etriu)

$ (i)ple colu)nar epit2eliu) in/aginate%into si)ple tu!ular glan%s

$ Ciliate% colu)nar cells an% secretorycolu)nar cells$ La)ina propria o# 2ig2ly cellular

connecti/e tissue an% /essels

$ $ ?ones in en%o)etriu) % #unctional layer % !asal layer


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n%o)etrial Layers

$ *unctional layer % sur#ace layer sloug2e% o %uring

)enstruation % replace% %uring eac2 )enstrual cycle

$ Basal layer % %eeper layer retaine% a#ter )enstruation % glan% cells gi/e rise to ne0 epit2eliu)


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"'e endometrium can be subdividedinto t)o 9ones :

2# "'e basal layer adjacent to t'e

myometrium+ contains 'ig'ly

cellular lamina !ro!ria and t'e

dee! basal ends o( t'e uterine

glands

7# "'e su!er(icial (unctional layer

or (unctionalis# contains more

s!ongy and less cellular lamina

!ro!ria+ ric'er in ground

substance+ most o( t'e lengt' o(

t'e glands+ as )ell as t'e sur(ace

e!it'elium

6ndometrial Layers


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n%o)etriu) :asculature

$ "'e (unctionalis is vasculari9ed by

numerous coiled 'elical arteries+

)'ic' originate (rom t'e arcuate

arteries o( t'e stratum vasculare+

located in t'e middle layer o( t'e

myometrium$ "'e coiled arteries give rise to a

ric' ca!illary net)ork t'at su!!lies

t'e glands and connective tissue o(

t'e (unctionalis$ ,not'er set o( arteries+ t'e straig't

arteries+ also originate (rom t'earcuate arteries but are muc'

s'orter and su!!ly only t'e basalis


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5enstrual Cycle

$ strogen an% progesterone #ro) o/arysti)ulate c2anges in t2e en%o)etriu)

$ $F %ay cycle on a/erage$ Begins age +$+< an% en%s age


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Mterus

P li# ti >* lli l @


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Proli#erati/e >*ollicular@P2ase

$ ays


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0roli(erative Follicular# 0'ase


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(ecretory >Luteal@ P2ase

$ Begins a#ter o/ulation, %ays +


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*ecretory Luteal# 0'ase


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5enstrual P2ase

$ ay + )enses$ Progesterone an% estrogen %ecrease

coile% arteries to constrict cutting o!loo% No0 to t2e #unctional layer o#en%o)etriu)

$ n%o)etrial cells %ie= #unctional layersloug2e% o$ :essels %istal to constrictions s2e% 0it2

t2e #unctional layer !lee%ing

P t l 2


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Pre)enstrual p2ase

ter ne


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ter neCer/i

$ t2e ter)inal en% o# t2e uterus t2at

protru%es into t2e /agina


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Mterine Cer/i

$ Line% !y )ucous secretingsi)ple colu)narepit2eliu)

$ Part o# cer/i in upper/agina 2as strati9e%squa)ous non"eratini?e%epit2eliu)

$ (qua)ocolu)nar 6unction$ (o)e s)oot2 )uscle an%

)uc2 connecti/e tissue in

la)ina propria


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Mterine Cer/i

$ Cer/ical )ucosa 2as )ucous glan%s$ Cer/ical )ucosa re)ains intact

%uring )enstrual cycle$ Cer/ical glan% secretions /ary %uring

)enstrual cycle % at o/ulation 1 )ucous is 0atery sper)

can penetrate easily % in luteal p2asepregnancy1 /iscous

)ucous !loc" sper) or )icro!es

:agina


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:agina$ T2e 0all o# t2e va%ina consists

o# t2ree layers1 a !&cosa) a!&sc&lar layer) an% ana$ven"i"ia

$ pit2eliu) is strati9e%squa)ous partly "eratini?e%

$ 4o glan%s in epit2eliu)$ Mn%erlying la)ina propria o#

loose connecti/e tissue, 2ig2ly/asculari?e% 0it2 )any elastic9!ers

$ 5uscular layer o# circular an%longitu%inal s)oot2 )uscle

$ A%/entitia o# %ense irregularconnecti/e tissue 0it2 elastic


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"'e strati(ied s;uamous e!it'elium lining t'e inner sur(ace o( t'e vagina is

de!icted at t'e to! o( t'is image Beneat' t'e e!it'elium is a (ibrous lamina

!ro!ria+ under )'ic' are t'e t)o layers o( smoot' muscle "'e lamina !ro!ria

and underlying smoot' muscle layers lack glands


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4et


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Ma!!ary Glan$s

$ %e/elop e)!ryologically as in/aginations o# sur#aceecto%er)

$ ac2 )a))ary glan% consists o# +


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Ma!!ary %lan$

Resting >4onsecreting@ 5a))ary


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Resting >4onsecreting@ 5a))aryGlan%s

$ 2a/e t2e sa)e !asic arc2itecture as t2elactating >acti/e@ )a))ary glan%

$ s)aller an% 0it2out %e/elope% al/eoli

$ lacti#erous %ucts are line% !y 1 a strati9e% squa)ous >"eratini?e%@ epit2eliu)- strati9e% cu!oi%al epit2eliu)- a si)ple colu)nar epit2eliu)

$ lacti#erous sinus 1 si)ple colu)nar epit2eliu)$ (tellate )yoepit2elial cells locate% !et0een t2e

epit2eliu) an% t2e !asal la)ina

Resting >4onsecreting@ 5a))ary


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Resting >4onsecreting@ 5a))aryGlan%s

Lactating >Acti/e@ 5a))ary


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Lactating >Acti/e@ 5a))aryGlan%s

$ gro0t2 %uring pregnancy$ synergistic action o# se/eral 2or)ones,

)ainly estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, an%

2u)an placental lactogen$ proli#eration o# secretory alveoli at t2e en%s

o# t2e intralo!ular %ucts

$ T2e sp2erical al/eoli are co)pose% o#cu!oi%al epit2eliu)$ 0it2 stellate )yoepit2elial cells !et0een t2e

secretory cells an% t2e !asal la)ina

Lactating >Acti/e@ 5a))ary


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Lactating >Acti/e@ 5a))aryGlan%s

Alveolar $evelo!en" in "#e 'reas"


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$&rin% re%nancy

Acti/e /ersus lactating al/eoli


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Acti/e /ersus lactating al/eoli


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4et


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PLAC4TA

*unctions % Attac2 t2e #etus to t2e

uterine 0all

% Pro/i%e nutrients to t2e#etus

% Allo0 t2e #etus to trans#er0aste pro%ucts to t2e

)ot2erQs !loo%

PLAC4TA


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PLAC4TA

S&rface *+. Basal Plate >5aternal (ur#ace@ 1

$ anc2ore% to t2e uterus !y t2e %eci%ua !asalis cells$ insertion site o# t2e anc2oring /illi into )aternal

en%o)etriu)$ Gases an% )eta!olites are ec2ange% !et0een t2e

#etal an% )aternal circulation t2roug2 t2e c2orionic/illi

$ in/asi/e inter)e%iate trop2o!lasts >@

$. C2orionic Plate >*etal (ur#ace@ 1$ ste) /illi arising #ro) u)!ilical /essels surroun%e%

!y connecti/e tissue an% 9!rin$ co/ere% !y a layer o# a)nion an% c2orion


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"'e sur(ace o( t'e !lacenta closest to t'e develo!ing (etus is t'e amnion

arro)'ead# "'e single layer o( cuboidal cells is bat'ed by t'e amniotic (luid and

rests on a basement membrane t'at se!arates it (rom t'e underlying connective

tissue o( t'e c'orionic !late arro)#


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6mbedded )it'in t'e tissue o( t'e uterus are anc'oring villi arro)# t'at attac' t'e

!lacenta to t'e uterine )all In t'is image+ t'e maternal tissue is located at t'e to! o(

t'e screen+ and t'e cellular connective tissue o( t'e villus e.tends (rom t'at area


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Develo!


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en" of

Placen"a


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D l " f Pl "


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Develo!en" of Placen"a

S"r&c"&re of lacen"a an$


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S"r&c"&re of lacen"a an$c#orionic villi


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Primary villi

Secondary villi

Tertiary villi

C# i i illi


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C#orionic villi

Trop2o!last


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Trop2o!last

$ Cy"o"ro#o'las"- Present in early gestation- %ierentiates into /illous or etra/illous trop2o!last- #or)s syncytiotrop2o!lasts !y #using on /illous

sur#ace- s)all, roun% )ononuclear cells 0it2 %istinct cell!or%er, )ini)al clear or eosinop2ilic cytoplas) an%single /esicular nuclei

$ Syncy"io"ro#o'las"- *or) t2e outer layer o# t2e /illous trop2o!lastic

)antle- (ynt2esi?e an% secrete 2CG, 2PL

- )ultinucleate% giant cells 0it2 a!un%ant


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"'e basal lamina arro)# se!arates t'e t)o ty!es o( e!it'elial cells (rom t'e underlying

connective tissue in t'e c'orionic villi "'e most numerous cells in t'e e!it'elial layer at

t'is stage o( develo!ment are t'e syncytiotro!'oblasts+ )'ic' are smaller and more darkly

stained t'an t'e cytotro!'oblasts arro)'eads# 6.ternal to t'e villi are eryt'rocytes (romt'e maternal circulation


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C#orionic villi


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C o o c

DB

AV

I

S

FV

eci%ua


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ec %ua

$ t2e #unctional layer o# t2een%o)etriu) in a pregnant0o)an t2at separates #ro)t2e re)ain%er o# t2e uterusa#ter parturition >c2il%!irt2@

$ ; regions 1o T2e %eci%ua !asalis is t2e part

o# t2e %eci%ua %eep to t2econceptus t2at #or)s t2e

)aternal part o# t2e placentao T2e %eci%ua capsularis is t2e

super9cial part o# t2e %eci%uao/erlying t2e conceptus

o T2e %eci%ua parietalis is all t2e

re)aining parts o# t2e %eci%ua

Placenta & eci%uaB li


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Basalis

DB

AV

FV

I

S

PLAC4TA


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PLAC4TA

T2e circulation o# !loo% in t2eplacenta


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placenta

"'e mot'er


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teri)a"asi2

2016 04 18 the histology of female reproductive system2.pptx

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