Three-dimensional Acquisition of Cerebral Blood Volume, Blood Flow, and Blood

Oxygenation-weighted Responses During Functional Stimulation In a Single Scan

Ying Cheng, Qin Qin, Peter C.M. van Zijl, James J. Pekar, and Jun Hua

Speaker Name: Ying Cheng

I have no financial interests or relationships to disclose with regard to the subject matter of this presentation.

Declaration ofFinancial Interests or Relationships

BOLD effect:Blood oxygenation level changeT2* or T2 change

Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) effect

Cerebral blood volume CBV

Cerebral blood flow CBF

Oxygen consumption CMRO2

……

Ogawa et al., PNAS, 1990;87:9868

Quantitative fMRI measurements• Blood-oxygenation-dependent (BOLD)

• Cerebral blood volume (CBV) - vascular-space-occupancy (VASO) MRI

• Cerebral blood flow (CBF)- arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI

• Using BOLD, CBF, CBV fMRI to estimate oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of O2 (CMRO2) change in the brain

van Zijl et al., Nat Med, 1998;4:159 Davis et al., PNAS, 1998;95:1834Lu H et al., JCBFM, 2004;24: 764

Multimodality hemodynamic response in parenchyma

• blood oxygenation fMRI --- BOLD• cerebral blood volume fMRI --- VASO• cerebral blood flow fMRI --- ASL

Lu, et al JCBFM 24, 764 (2004)

Lu, et al JCBFM 24, 764 (2004)

- Currently each are separately measured- Long scan time, potential problems: head motion, change of physiologic or mental states, etc. - Overall Goal: Develop MRI methods to measure these hemodynamic responses in a time efficient manner

• blood oxygenation fMRI --- BOLD• cerebral blood volume fMRI --- VASO• cerebral blood flow fMRI --- ASL

Multimodality hemodynamic response in parenchyma

Lu et al., MRM 50:263 (2003)

GR

RF

TR

exinversion image

TI

tissueMz/M0

0.2

-1

bloodt

CBV weighted image

VASO MRI Pulse Sequence

TI:inversion time

Non-selective/global

Lu et al., MRM 50:263 (2003)

GR

RF

TR

exinversion image

TI

tissueMz/M0

0.2

-1

bloodt

VASO MRI Pulse Sequence

TI:inversion time

CBV

tissue volume = 1-CBV

Flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR)

• Spatially selective inversion• Imaging after a post-labeling

delay (TI)

label control

FAIR-SS

GR

RF

TR

exinversion

TI

GR

RF

TR

exinversion

TI

TI (1.5-2s)

FAIR-NS

To combine VASO and ASL in one scan

GR

RF

TR

exinversion

TI

GR

RF

TR

exinversion blood

null

TI

FAIR-NS

VASOGR

RF

TR

exinversion FAIR

TI1

exVASO

TI2

The VASO-FAIR pulse sequence

Cheng et al., NeuroImage, 2014;103:533

T2 preparation module to induce the SE-BOLD contrast

3D T2prep-GRE

Hua et al., MRM, 2014;72:1530

T2 preparation module to induce the SE-BOLD contrast3D T2prep-GRE 2D multi-slice SE EPI

Hua et al., MRM, 2014;72:1530

The VASO-FAIR pulse sequence

Adding T2prep BOLD into the VASO-FAIR sequence

Experiments

• 6 healthy volunteers, Philips 3T scanner• fMRI with flashing checkerboard, visual stimulation

• Common imaging parameters: TR = 4s, single-shot 3D fast GRE readout, 16 slices, voxel size = 5x5x5 mm3

• Imaging Sequences (randomized): - Combined VASO-FAIR-BOLD fMRI, TI1/TI2 = 0.6s/1.5s

- Separate VASO fMRI, TI = 0.88s- Separate FAIR-ASL fMRI, TI = 1.5s- Separate 3D T2prep-BOLD fMRI

Averaged fMRI results from the combined sequencen = 6

averaged fMRI results from separate and combined methods

*

*

* P < 0.05

*

Assuming Ya = 0.98, resting Yv = 0.61 (OEFact = 0.38)

resting CBV = 0.052 ml/ml tissue

Quantification of OEF and CMRO2n = 6, STD

ΔCBV(%) ΔCBF(%) Yvact OEFact ΔCMRO2(%)

34.4±4.2 51.2±6.4 0.71±0.01 0.27±0.01 12.6±6.7

Fox PT et al., Science, 1988;241:462Lu H et al., JCBFM, 2004;24:764Donahue et al., JCBFM, 2009;29:1856

Summary

• We designed a 3D combined sequence to monitor whole-brain CBV, CBF, and BOLD responses in a single scan.

• It not only shortened the total scan time, but also reduce the sensitivity to inter-scan variability.

• The proposed method can serve as a more efficient and equally sensitive alternative for quantitative BOLD studies, both task-based and resting-state, where OEF and CMRO2 information can be extracted.

AcknowledgementsPeter Barker, D.Phil.Daniel Herzka, Ph.D.Alan J. Huang, Ph.D.Feng Xu, Ph.D.Xiang Xu, Ph.D.Kannie Chan, Ph.D.Nirhbay Yadav, Ph.D.Xu Li, Ph.D.

Joseph Gillen, B.S.Terri Brawner, B.S., R.T. Kathleen Kahl, R.T. Ivana Kusevic, R.T.

NIH-NIBIB P41-EB015909RO1 EB015032