2015 | NORTHWEST

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE NORTHWEST CHAPTER OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY

2014 Project of the Year Winner

Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water & Sewer Servicing

McORMAND DRIVE SANITARY AND STORM SEWER TRUNKS PROJECT I 2015 BUYERS’ GUIDE

PM #

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NASTT-NW.COM | 5BACK TO CONTENTS

15

13

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www.kelman.caManaging Editor: Monique DoyleDesign/Layout: Daniel GouletMarketing Manager: Chad MorrisonAdvertising Coordinator: Stefanie Hagidiakow

©2015 Craig Kelman & Associates Ltd. All rights reserved. The contents of this publication, which does not necessarily refl ect the opinion of the publisher or the association, may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of the Northwest Chapter of the North American Society for Trenchless Technology.

IN THIS ISSUE:

13

15

19

21

27

35

37

MESSAGE FROM THE NASTT-NW CHAIR ........6

MESSAGE FROM THE NASTT CHAIR ................8

MESSAGE FROM THE MAGAZINE COMMITTEE ..........................10

REACH OUR ADVERTISERS ...............................46

DEPARTMENTS:

NASTT-NW BOARD OF DIRECTORS

CHAIR ALAN MILLER

Associated Engineering

PAST CHAIR DAN WILLEMS

City of Saskatoon

SECRETARY BEN CAMPBELLNeptune Coring

TREASURER KEITH MOGGACHBlue Spark Energy

DIRECTORCRAIG VANDAELLEMichels Canada Co.

DIRECTORSIRI FERNANDOCity of Edmonton

DIRECTORHARTLEY KATZ

Morrison Hershfi eld

DIRECTORCHARLES PULLAN

City of Calgary

DIRECTORALI BAYAT

University of Alberta

NASTT CANADAPACIFIC REPRESENTATIVE

DAVE KRYWIAKStantec Consulting Ltd.

ON THE COVER: Rapid transit train in Edmonton, Alberta. © Lostafi chuk

Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: lauren@kelman.ca

Publication Mail Agreement #40065075

RECAP: ANNUAL NW TRENCHLESS CONFERENCE IN EDMONTON

2014 PROJECT OF THE YEAR: SALINE CREEK PLATEAU OFFSITE WATER & SEWER SERVICING

SAVE THE DATE: 2015 NW CHAPTER TRENCHLESS CONFERENCE IN CALGARY

PIPELINE INSTALLATION USING THE ELIMINATOR IN EDMONTON, AB

McORMAND DRIVE SANITARY & STORM SEWER TRUNKS PROJECT

UPCOMING NASTT EVENTS/TRAINING

2015 BUYERS’ GUIDE

THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE NORTHWEST CHAPTER OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY

2015 | NORTHWEST

6 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

CONTINUING WITH SUCCESS

am very happy to say that the NASTT Northwest Chapter had another active and successful

year in 2014, which included two (2) short courses and a conference. The fi rst short course was the New Installations Good Practices Short Course held on October 7 in Saskatoon. There were 46 attendees, all non-members, which was great for increasing our membership. The second short course was the Pipe Burst-ing Good Practices Short Course held on November 14 in Edmonton in conjunc-tion with the Chapter conference. There were 28 in attendance for this course. The Chapter Trenchless Conference was held on November 13 with great attendance and generous support. This included more than 180 attendees, 24 exhibitors, and special events and general sponsorship.

I am also thrilled to let you know that the 2014 NW Chapter Project of the Year (POTY) Award went to the Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water & Sewer Servicing Project in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. Further details, as well as

I

MESSAGE FROM THE NASTT-NW CHAIR

informative insight into this project, can be found in the POTY article featured in this publication. A big congratulations goes out to all involved on this project.

As a result of our success, we were once again able to contribute to the worthwhile programs within NASTT. We donated $5,000 to the NASTT No-Dig Municipal Scholarship Program as well as $2,500 to the No-Dig Education Auction.

Success cannot be achieved without support from the trenchless commu-nity. Whether the support was through participation in the planning of an event or through attendance, all the support is appreciated. We look forward to your continued support in 2015. Thank you!

We completed our elections for 2015, and I must congratulate Craig Vandaelle and Siri Fernando, for being re-elected to the Board of Directors for another two (2) year term. Greg Tippet was also elected for the fi rst time to a two (2) year term and I am very happy to say I was

re-elected for a one-year term. I feel the retention of Board members and continuity within the Board is another reason for the stability and success of our Chapter.

For 2015, the plan is for more con-tinued success with a focused effort on increasing membership and attendance at our events. The NW–NASTT Trenchless Conference will be held in Calgary on November 18 and 19, and planningis currently underway. Technical lunches in both Edmonton and Calgary will con-tinue as well. Please check our website at www.nastt-nw.com for further information on these events.

I truly hope everyone has an opportunity to attend as many of these events as possible, and benefi t from the knowledge and excel-lent networking opportunities that are made available. If you wish to participate as a vol-unteer or just provide suggestions on how to improve our Chapter, please do not hesitate to contact me at amiller@nastt-nw.com.

Alan Miller, P. Eng.Chair, NASTT – Northwest Chapter

Great ideas are just below the surface

Each year, NASTT recognizes one person that has

made significant contributions to the trenchless

industry. This year, they chose Stantec’s Dave Krywiak

to receive the Chair Award for Lifetime Service.

For over 35 years, Dave has helped communities

rehabilitate and expand their critical infrastructure.

He is a past Director of the NASTT Canada Pacific

region and founding member and past chair of the

Northwest Chapter.

Congratulations Dave on this well-deserved recognition!

Design with community in mind stantec.com/water

8 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

OUR FUTURE IS BRIGHT

MESSAGE FROM THE NASTT CHAIR

reetings Northwest Chapter members! 2015 is shaping up to be a great year for us at

NASTT, and I am excited for the future of our Society during my term as Chair of the Board of Directors. As I am sure you know, NASTT’s 2015 No-Dig Show in Denver, Colorado was a huge success as we broke attendance records and experienced a sold out exhibit hall!

Gfor many years. It was truly my pleasure to present this award to Dave.

We also had the privilege of recogniz-ing Northwest Chapter Member Alireza Bayat, with the University of Alberta, by awarding him the Ralston Award for Young Trenchless Achievement. This annual award was established to recognize a young individual who has demonstrated excellence in the early stages of his or

2015 No-Dig Show Program Committee: Erez Allouch, Ali Bayat, David Krywiak, Jason Lueke, Jim Murphy, and Craig Vandaelle. I would like to give a special thank-you to Jim Murphy who also served as Session Leader this year.

NASTT is all about education and our instructors provide their expertise strictly on a volunteer basis. They take personal time to travel all over North America to provide top-notch training about trenchless technologies. I would like to thank Jason Lueke who teaches our Laterals Good Prac-tices Course, and Chris Macey who teaches our CIPP Good Practices Course, who have both taught NASTT’s Good Practices Courses this year. Thank you, gentlemen, for your dedication!

One of my major goals this year is to engage more trenchless professionals to become involved with NASTT. As you may know, NASTT has a wide variety of volunteer opportunities. If you are interested in more information, please visit our website at nastt.org/volunteer. There you can view our committees and learn more about these opportunities.

Our future is bright and your Northwest Chapter is stronger than ever. Thank you again for your continued support and dedi-cation to NASTT and the trench-less technology industry.

Kim StaheliNASTT Chair

“We also had the privilege of

recognizing Northwest Chapter

Member Alireza Bayat, with the

University of Alberta,

by awarding him the

Ralston Award for Young

Trenchless Achievement.”

One of the main highlights for me this year was honoring Northwest Chap-ter Member David Krywiak of Stantec Consulting with NASTT’s Chair Award for Outstanding Lifetime Service. Dave has been an active participant and sup-porter of the trenchless industry, at the local, regional, and national levels, since attending his first No-Dig Conference in Toronto in 1995. He is one of the found-ing members of your Northwest Chapter and his involvement in NASTT at the national level has included roles on the NASTT Board of Directors from 2009 through 2014, serving as the NASTT Treasurer for the past three years. He has also served on the Program Committee

her career and who has made a valuable contribution to the trenchless technol-ogy industry. Ali is a faculty member at the University of Alberta and Director of the Consortium for Engineered Trench-less Technologies (CETT) – the unique research initiative in Western Canada. He is a Board Member of your Northwest Chapter and the advisor for the Univer-sity of Alberta NASTT Student Chapter. Congratulations Ali!

NASTT would never be where we are today without the grass roots support of our volunteers and regional chapters. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the Northwest Chapter Members who served on the

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10 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE

MESSAGE FROM THE MAGAZINE COMMITTEE

Welcome to the Spring/Summer 2015 issue of the Northwest Trenchless Journal. This issue of the

magazine provides you with a recap of the 2014 annual conference in Edmonton, as well as some information about the upcom-ing 2015 Northwest Trenchless Conference being held in Calgary in the fall. For full details on these, please see pages 13–19.

Also in this issue, we feature the 2014 Project of the Year Winner, the Saline Creek

Plateau Offsite Water and Sewer Servicing project. You will also find a paper about pipe-line installation using the Eliminator, as well as the 2015 NASTT-NW Buyer’s Guide.

The next issue of the Northwest Trench-less Journal is scheduled for distribution in the fall and will feature, in detail, the 2015 Northwest Trenchless Conference.

If you would like to submit a project paper or other content and ideas for an upcoming issue of the Chapter magazine, please contact

me at craigvandaelle@michelscanada.com. Your editorial submissions are welcome and due by September 4, 2015.

Remember, you can find us online and join our LinkedIn group at www.linkedin.com/groups/NASTT-Northwest-Chapter-4430433.

Craig Vandaelle Michels Canada Co.Chair, Magazine Committee

“The next issue of the Northwest Trenchless

Journal is scheduled for distribution

in the fall and will feature, in detail, the 2015

Northwest Trenchless Conference.”

NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY

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June 4 NASTT’s Gas Good Practices Course9:15 AM - 12:00 PMBryant University Smithfi eld, Rhode Island

July 14 NASTT’s Gas Good Practices Course8:00 AM - 12:00 PM Hampton Inn ChicagoChicago, Illinois

September 1 Trenchless Trends - A Growing Industry Panel Discussion2:00 PM - 3:30 PMPhoenix Convention CenterPhoenix, Arizona

September 23 NASTT’s Manhole Rehabilitation Webinar2:00 PM - 3:15 PMYour Computer!

September 30 NASTT’s Pipe Bursting Good Practices Course9:00 AM - 11:00 AMKentucky Exposition Center Louisville, Kentucky

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ANNUAL CONFERENCE RECAPhe Chapter’s Trenchless Conference was held on November 13, 2014 with great attendance and gener-

ous support from the trenchless community. This included more than 180 attendees, 24 exhibitors, and special event and general sponsorship. The exhibitors were as follows:• 3D Pipe Bursting • A.H. McElroy• Akkerman• American Augers• Barbco Inc.• Consortium for Engineered

Trenchless Technologies• Clean Harbours Directional• GAME Consultants• Hobas Pipe USA• Insituform Technologies Ltd• IPEX Inc.• IVIS Inc.• Joe Johnson Equipment• Liqui-Force Services (Ont.) Inc.• Martech Inc.• Michels Canada Co.• Northwest Pipe Company• PipeLogix• Shanghai Construction Group

(Canada) Corp• Sub-Surface Equipment• The Crossing Company Inc.• Underground Pipe Inspectors Ltd.• Uni-Jet Industrial pipe Services• Wallace Construction Specialties Ltd.

The special event sponsors were:• Breakfast – Insituform Technologies Ltd.• Morning Break – Associated

Engineering• Lunch – The City of Edmonton

and Stantec• Afternoon Break – Canadian Concrete

Pipe & Precast Association• Conference Social – Neptune Coring• University of Alberta Student Chapter

Sponsor - IVIS Inc.The general sponsors were: • Akkerman• City of Leduc• Ipex Inc.• Thurber Engineering• WSP FocusAs part of the conference, we also pre-sented the NW Chapter 2014 Project of the Year Award. This year the award went to the Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water & Sewer Servicing Project. The owner was the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, the consulting engineers were Associated Engineering, and the trenchless contractors were Michels Canada, Neptune Coring, Direct Horizontal Drilling, and Calgary Tunneling and Horizontal Augering. Con-gratulations to all involved on this project.

In addition, a Pipe Bursting Good Practices Short Course was also held in

conjunction with the Chapter conference on November 14. The instructors were Collins Orton of TT Technologies Inc. and Dr. Jason Lueke of Associated Engineering. There were 28 in attendance for this course.

For this year, the 2015 NW–NASTT Trenchless Conference will be held in Calgary in November, and planning is currently underway. Technical lunches in both Edmonton and Calgary will continue as well. Please check our website at www.nastt-nw.com for further information on these events.

Alan Miller, P. Eng.Chair, NASTT – Northwest Chapter

T

Project of the Year Award (L to R: Owen Mierke, Associated Engineering; Dave Fisher, Direct Horizontal; Alan Miller, Chair NASTT-NW Chapter; Abdur Rashid, Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo)

Members of the Planning Committee and the Chapter Board (L to R: Dr. Ali Bayat, Planning Committee and NW Chapter Board; Albert Kwan, Planning Committee; Charles Pullan, NW Chapter Board; Greg Tippett, Planning Committee Vice-Chair; Alan Miller, Planning Committee Chair and NW Chapter Board Chair; Dave Krywiak, Planning Committee and Treasurer NASTT Board; and Carlie Jones, Planning Committee)

NASTT-NW.COM | 13BACK TO CONTENTS

Keynote Speaker Paul Giannelia, Project Leader Northern Gateway Pipeline, Enbridge Pipelines

http://www.ae.ca

NASTT-NW.COM | 15BACK TO CONTENTS

The Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, in Alberta, has expanded its water and sewer major

infrastructure network by completing the Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water and Sewer Servicing project. The project provides water and sewer infrastructure to service the new Saline Creek Plateau 20,000-person residential development, Highway 69 commercial and industrial development, and the Fort McMurray Airport Expansion. It has been nearly fi ve years since the project was initiated, which included preliminary design, an extensive geotechnical investigation, risk assessment workshops, detailed design,

2014 Project of the Year Winner:

and construction. The project has now made it to the fi nal commissioning stage and is estimated to be completed in 2015.

The overall project scope is summarized as follows: • 7,000m of 762mm dia. water supply line

• Open cut installation ............ 4,700m• Horizontal directional

drilling ................................. 2,300m• Pipe ram ................................... 90m

• 2,000m of 600mm dia. water transmission main• Open cut installation ............ 1,000m• Horizontal directional drilling 1,000m

• 3,000m of 250mm dia. and 650mm/700mm dia. double-barrel sanitary

sewer siphon • Open cut installation ............ 1,700m• Horizontal directional

drilling ................................ 1,300m• Pipe ram ................................... 90m

The detailed design and construction phases faced many challenges, includ-ing a complex topography, proximity to existing infrastructure, and the presence of water courses along the alignment. As a result, the project required extensive use of trenchless installation technology including pipe ramming, auger boring, and horizon-tal directional drilling (HDD). The follow-ing is a summary of the four key crossings along the alignment.

16 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

1. Hangingstone River

pipe ram and HDD

The Hangingstone River has a relatively short span, however, the underlying geo-technical conditions consist of a deep layer of sand and gravel overtop of limestone. Telescopic pipe ramming was considered, however, it was determined that large ram-ming equipment and heavy wall steel pipe was a more effective solution. The ramming equipment was set up 10m below the exist-ing ground elevation and 6m below the river elevation. This required an extensive well point dewatering system and shored excava-tion to protect the river banks. Geotechnical and tie-in limitations required two 900mm diameter and one 600mm diameter steel pipes to be installed over a span of 95m via pipe ram. Initially, the 600mm diameter steel pipe ram was attempted. However, due to the geotechnical conditions, and the unexpected presence of what was thought to be old railway timbers, the 600mm pipe ram was aborted and the 450mm HDPE car-rier pipe was successful installed on a tight radius 150m length HDD.

2. Saline Creek Valley HDD

The Saline Creek Valley has two steep and unstable valley slopes that span 600m in length between the top of the banks. The geotechnical conditions along the valley slope consist of clay till, sand, gravel, silt, clay/silt in varying thicknesses overly-ing bedrock. The bedrock consists of clay shale, siltstone, and sandstone overtop of oil sand. Due to the unstable nature of the valley slopes, combined with the required top of bank setbacks and limiting bend radius geometry of the steel piping, the total crossing length was 1000m. Two pipes, 600mm and 750mm diameter steel, were installed in parallel over a period of 132 days. The drilling is slow in the oil sands. The thick oilsands material builds up on the shaker screens and slows the whole process. Additives would normally be used for cutting this oil, however, since the crossing was beneath a water course, concern with toxicity to fish, in the event of a frac out, prevented the use of such additives. Pipe string layout and exit pit location was excellent and accommodated the two pipe string and pull-back activi-ties very well. The entry pit location was tucked away on a small triangle of munici-pal land within a commercial industrial development. Although the entry location was confined to a smaller than ideal area, the contractor was able to arrange activities and equipment layout and optimize access in and out with materials and personnel.

3. Tower site auger

crossings

This augured crossing faced challenges with a narrow right-of-way, and the pres-ence of clustered communication towers, requiring the installation of 4–70m length auger crossing underneath the tower guy wires. This auger consisted of two 1500mm, 8m deep on grade (1%), auger crossings for the sanitary infrastructure, and two 1050mm, 5m deep, auger cross-ings for the watermain infrastructure. The ground conditions consisted of gravel with large boulders. The boulders presented steering challenges and damage of auger flights and steering head and large rocks were continually removed from the face of the casing.

4. Clearwater Valley

slope HDD

The most challenging of the trenchless installations was the HDD installation of 300mm, 700mm, and 750mm steel pipes underneath the unstable Clearwater Valley slope. The drill path was 80m below the ground surface, a total of 1300m in length, and had a 130m elevation difference be-tween the entry and exit point on the Saline Creek Plateau. Oil sands were encountered for a large portion of the drill path, which posed challenges with maintaining drilling fluid properties and recycling fluid. Deep layers of silts and sands at the entry point required over 100m of surface casing, and steeper entry angles, for all three drills. The pipeline drag alignment required threading

NASTT-NW.COM | 17BACK TO CONTENTS

the piping between the top of bank slope to the west and congested communica-tion towers to the east. This necessitated comprehensive planning and placement of additional above ground support equipment to facilitate tight radiuses. The exit was indeed challenging. To reduce the exit angle, and overall height of the pipe breakover, the drill path was flattened. This caused a sink hole from continual cleaning at the change in drill angle. Pull-back operations proved to also be challenging on the larger diam-eter lines. Pipe momentum, due to the downhill gradient, causes the swivel to buckle at the pipe to drill connection. Pull force was added to counter the drill pull and maintain tension.

Why this project

is outstanding

The challenging geotechnical conditions and varying terrain required designing four multiple pipe trenchless installa-tions with various diameters, lengths, and methods. Prior to this project, the Municipality had limited experience with trenchless installations outside of the typical short span highway auger crossing or small diameter and length HDD. The Municipality is quickly expanding with new development areas that are separated by major creeks and valleys. Trenchless installation of infrastructure within these areas of challenging geotechnical condi-tions is required to reduce the risk to the infrastructure being installed.

The trenchless installation work was completed by four different, reputable, and experienced contractors. This led to the successful completion of the work on time and without major disruptions. To limit risk to the project, the project team decided the drilling contractors must be pre-qualified in advance of public tender to ensure that the work would be completed by experienced contractors. This approach proved to be valuable in retaining competent contractors to complete the work. The pre-qualifying process also allowed the Municipality and its consultants to evaluate the expertise of the contractors based on past performance and personnel, and not solely on tender pricing.

18 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

The Clearwater Valley slope and Saline Creek Valley piping were installed through rich oilsands deposits that contaminated the drill cuttings. Drilling fl uids were contained onsite within temporary hold-ing cells lined with HPDE liners prior to permanent disposal. Considering that the HDD alignment extended the Clearwater River valley from plateau to fl oodplain without crossing the Clearwater River, the use of a tar control additive was acceptable. This product slowed the accumulation of tar on steel surfaces and shakers, though constant physical washing and replacement of screens was still required. The proposed additives were not able to be used for the Saline Creek crossing and therefore the contractor was forced to continually replace screens. The fi nal disposal of nearly 20,000m3 of contaminated drill cuttings proved to be challenging. However, vary-ing levels of treatment were developed by the project team, owner, and contractor to ensure environmental standards were met.

The Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water and Sewer project has provided the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo with the con-fi dence they needed to move forward with future trenchless installations. As a result, additional designs for installations have been

implemented on other projects based on the success of this Saline Creek Plateau Offsite Water and Sewer Servicing project. The design effort, coordination, and collabora-tion between the contractors, owner, and

engineering consultant have created greater opportunities in the municipal market for future large diameter installations.

Congratulations to all!

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This will be the 19th annual presentation of this event, with the following schedule:

• Wednesday November 18, 2015 – Short Courses on New Installation (morning) and Rehabilitation (afternoon)

• Thursday November 19, 2015 – Symposium & Tradeshow

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At the conclusion of the short course, an afternoon mixer will be held at the Coast Plaza Hotel for short course and conference delegates. NW-NASTT and TAC extend an invitation to all attendees to join us to catch up with our community of trenchless professionals.

The one-day conference offers excellent learning and networking opportunities for trenchless industry professionals. The conference offers technical presentations on the latest trenchless projects covering a variety of industries and applications. The daylong trade show runs in conjunction with the symposium that provides the opportunity to gain information on a variety of products, suppliers, and meet with a wide variety of leaders in trenchless applications.

NASTT and NW-NASTT are providing scholarship opportunities to attend the conference; please visit our website for more information.

For more information or to register, please visit the Northwest Trenchless Conference page on the website.

BACK TO CONTENTS

20 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

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NASTT-NW.COM | 21BACK TO CONTENTS

AbstractThe Eliminator is a new guided boring machine developed for pilot tube microtunneling (PTMT) installations in non-displaceable soils. The Eliminator works as a cutter head installed at the front of the auger casings providing the desired line and grade. Since the Eliminator has steering capabilities, it eliminates the need for the installation of pilot tubes in developing the desired line and grade. The installation process with this technology includes two stages. In the fi rst stage, the Eliminator is installed at the front of the auger casings to develop the desired pipeline and grade. In the second stage, the pipe segments are installed. This article introduces an overview of a pipeline installation project performed with the Eliminator in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

BackgroundPilot Tube Microtunneling (PTMT) has been getting more and more popular since it was fi rst introduced in North America. This method is as accurate as microtunneling, while it has signifi cantly lower associated costs. Smaller shafts, and lower social and environmental im-pacts are other benefi ts of this technology. The PTMT installation process generally consists of three stages: pilot tube installation, reaming and auger casing installation, and product pipe in-stallation. In the fi rst stage, the desired line and grade is determined by the installation of the pilot tubes. In the second stage, the borehole diameter increases from the pilot tubes’ diam-eter to the casings’ diameter. In the third stage, the installed auger casings are replaced with the fi nal product pipes. Although PTMT has variety of advantages, its applicability is limited to displaceable soils with SPT N-values of less than 50 blows per foot, because pilot tube cannot advance through non-displaceable soils. To address this limitation, the Eliminator

(Figure 1), a new guided auger boring machine, was developed by Akkerman Inc. for PTMT in non-displaceable soils. The Eliminator works as a cutter head installed at the front of the auger casings, and since it has steering capabilities, it eliminates the need for the installation of pilot tubes in developing the desired line and grade.

F igure 1. The Eliminator (www.akkerman.com)

By Mahmood Ranjbar, Yaolin Yi, and Alireza BayatDept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

22 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

Project overviewThe Eliminator was used in a sewer line instal-lation project in 2012 and 2013 in Edmonton, Alberta. The project was located in a residential area around the intersection of 66th Street and 165th Avenue in Edmonton, Alberta. This project, performed by the City of Edmonton, installed Vitrifi ed Clay Pipe (VCP) with an internal diameter (ID) of 27 inches. Two sec-tions of the project sewer line were installed using the Eliminator. The length of the fi rst monitored section was 61 m (200 feet), with an installation depth varying between 40 to 43 feet. The length of the second section was 157

feet with a water table 16.4 to 19.7 feet below the surface. The installation depth for the sec-ond section varied between 38 to 40 feet. Ac-cording to the geotechnical report, a layer of very stiff to hard green clay with an SPT value of 25 existed along the sewer line alignment. This layer was located between two layers of hard clay shale bedrocks, which were highly plastic and within close vicinity to the instal-lation alignment. Although the SPT value of the project’s soil was in the range of conven-tional PTMT application, the Eliminator was chosen due to the hard ground conditions expected near the pipeline alignment.

Installation processThe installation process includes two stages: auger casing installation and pipe installation (Figure 2). In the fi rst stage, the Eliminator works as a cutter head installed in front of the auger casings, and provides the desired line and grade. The Eliminator advances with a combination of rotation and thrust provided by the jacking frame and transferred via the auger casings. The Eliminator is useable in non-displaceable ground condition because the soil can be cut and removed (not displaced). Spoils are moved by the auger casings to the launch shaft and removed via a bucket. The fi rst stage is completed when the Eliminator is removed from the reception shaft, and the auger casings are installed on the desired alignment. The second stage, installation of the pipe, is the same as that of the conventional

Fi gure 2. Installation process with the Eliminator

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Stage 1 - Precise installation of auger casings

Stage 2 - Replacing auger casings with pipes

Reception shaft

Reception shaft

Auger casing

Auger casing

Jacking frame

Jacking frame

Eliminator

Launch shaft

Launch shaftProduct

pipe

Powered cutter head

PCH adapter

NASTT-NW.COM | 23BACK TO CONTENTS

PTMT method. During this stage, the installed auger casings are replaced with the product pipes. The final auger casing is attached to the first pipe section using an adapter. In case the diameter of the product pipe is larger than the installed casing, a Powered Reaming Head (PRH) or a Powered Cutter Head (PCH) is used to increase the borehole’s diameter. When a PRH or PCH is used, the spoils are removed from the reception shaft.

The Eliminator’s guidance system is similar to conventional PTMT. An illuminated target is placed inside the cutter head which can be seen through the string of hollow stem augers. The target is viewed by a camera mounted on a theodolite in the launch shaft. For steer-ing, the Eliminator uses three independent steering shoes, located on the top and lower part of the sides of the Eliminator. By opening each one of these steering shoes, the eliminator starts moving toward the opposite direction. The Eliminator is equipped with a jetting nozzle at the face to facilitate the excavation process and soil removal. In addition, this machine has a lubrication nozzle at its rear end to reduce the friction between the casings and soil.

The site setup started with mobiliza-tion and shaft excavation. Two shafts with diameters of 4.5 and 3.2 m (14.8 and 10.6 feet) were drilled as the launch and recep-tion shafts (Figures 3 and 4), respectively. The launch shaft was stabilized with rib and lagging, and the reception shaft was stabilized with Corrugated Metal Pipe (CMP). Since the ground water table level in the project’s location was high, concrete

slabs were poured at the bottom of both shafts. The next step in the process was the setup of the jacking frame and the power pack. An Akkerman P275T power pack was used to provide hydraulic power for the Akkerman 4812A jacking frame in the launch shaft during both auger casing and pipe installation stages. Next, the camera was set along the desired line and grade. Auger casing installation starts after

Figure 3. The launch shaftFigure 4. The reception shaft

24 | NASTT-NW JOURNAL | Spring/Summer 2015 BACK TO CONTENTS

determining the alignment. The LED target was placed inside the cutter head. After installation of the LED target, the fi rst auger casing was connected to the Eliminator on the ground surface. Then, the Eliminator and the fi rst auger casing were lowered into the launch shaft to begin the installation. As mentioned previously, the Eliminator excavates along the desired line and grade while installing the auger casings.

During pipe installation, an Akkerman PCH with an outer diameter of 83.8 cm (33 inches) was used to install the fi nal product pipe. An adapter was required to connect a PCH to the fi nal auger casing. The adapter itself was installed similarly to an auger casing. When it was fully pushed

into the soil, the PCH was connected to the rear end of the adapter. The PCH had four jetting nozzles on its face to increase cutting performance and facilitate spoils removal. There are also independent ports for pipe lubrication at the rear end of the PCH to decrease the friction between the soil and the outer surface of the pipes.

For each pipe installed in the launch shaft, one auger casing is removed in the reception shaft. During the second stage of the project, one crew worked in the launch shaft to prepare and install pipe sections, while another worked in the reception shaft to disassemble the removed auger casings. For the installation of the last three pipes, the

PCH was removed in the reception shaft. Since the diameter of the opening in the wall of the reception shaft was equal to the casings’ diameter, before removing the PCH, the crew had to enlarge the opening by the time it hit the CMP stabilizing the reception shaft walls.

SummaryIt took 72 days to complete the fi rst section of sewer line installation and 134 days for the second section. Hand-tunneling, the most commonly used technique for pipeline installation in Edmonton, was used for the other sections of the project. Compared to hand-tunneling, it was found that the Eliminator provided a variety of advantages for the project, including reduc-tion of heavy trucks in residential areas, societal costs, dewatering requirement, and environmental impacts.

AcknowledgementsThe support from the City of Edmonton, Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and Consortium for Engineered Trenchless Technologies (CETT) at Univer-sity of Alberta is appreciated.

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