2014 01 18 adndrc conference (cc version)
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Dr. Emmanuel GILLET 2014 ADNDRC Conference
Teaching Fellow, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Rethinking Domain Name Dispute ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs
Kuala Lumpur, 18th January 2014
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
ì Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Background. − On the 18 January 2014, the Malaysian branch of the Asian Domain Name Dispute Resolution Center (ADNDRC) hold a conference entitled “Rethinking Domain Name Disputes Resolution in the Era of newgTLDs”. Summary. − Fifteen years after the UDRP was adopted, there has been an unprecedented increase of domain names resources. ICANN is in the process of liberalizing the creation of new top level domains. Furthermore, new technologies now allow the registration of internationalized domain names (IDNs). Resources will soon be almost endless and extremely varied (new TLDs + IDNs + IPV6). At the same time, one can question the effectiveness of the UDRP in achieving its goal: fighting cybersquatting. Indeed, in 70% of WIPO cases, disputed domain names are transferred to the claimant. An analysis of the UDRP case law and similar rules shows that the whole system has already evolved, thanks to the UDRP panelists (consolidation, re-filing, etc.) and the ccTLDs registries (mediation, appeal, reimbursement of legal fees, arbitration, etc.). However, good ideas are scattered like pieces of a puzzle. The whole system could be improved by i) giving Lady Justice the sword she is missing in domain names dispute resolution proceedings and ii) gathering all the good ideas together. Some of the arguments shared in this presentation are available in the following article: Emmanuel GILLET, “Procédures extrajudiciaires de règlement des litiges relatifs aux noms de domaine : quelles perspectives pour l’arbitrage ?”, Versailles International Business Law Review, 2013, No. 4, pp. 145-168.
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
New “g”TLDS + IDNs + IPV6 =
Endless possibiliKes for cybersqua[ers
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
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1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms 2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 3. Going Further 4. Gathering Good Ideas in One Place 5. Towards ArbitraKon?
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
FighKng Cybersquabng!
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Statement of Account…
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
≈ 40.000 UDRP decisions + ccTLDs related decisions } 14 years
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
70% WIPO Decisions à Transfer granted
Source: wipo.int
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
1. The Failure of DN Dispute ResoluKon Mechanisms
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Success or Failure?
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
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Success or Failure.?
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Success or Rethink.?
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2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.1. Improvements Made by Panelists 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.1. Improvements Made by Panelists 2.1.1. Re-‐Filing (Same domain name + Same parKes) CondiKons: “A refiled case may only be accepted in limited circumstances. These circumstances include when the complainant establishes in the complaint that relevant new acKons have occurred since the original decision, or that a breach of natural jusKce or of due process has occurred, or that there was other serious misconduct in the original case (such as perjured evidence). A refiled complaint would usually also be accepted if it includes newly presented evidence that was reasonably unavailable to the complainant during the original case” (WIPO Overview 2.0, para. 4.4., consensus).
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.1. Improvements Made by Panelists 2.1.2. ConsolidaKon CondiKons: (i) the complainants either have a specific common grievance against the respondent, or the respondent has engaged in common conduct that has affected the complainants' individual rights in a similar fashion; (ii) it would be equitable and procedurally efficient to permit the consolidaKon; or in the case of complaints brought (whether or not filed by mulKple complainants) against more than one respondent, where (i) the domain names or the websites to which they resolve are subject to common control, and (ii) the consolidaKon would be fair and equitable to all parKes (WIPO Overview 2.0, para. 4.1).
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.1. MediaKon
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.1. MediaKon
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
.UK
Source: Nom
inet.org.uk
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.2. Appeal
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
.UK
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
Source: Nom
inet.org.uk
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries
UDRP à ccTLDs DRP
ccTLDs DRP à UDRP
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
UDRP and JusKce
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
UDRP and JusKce
§ Blindfold § Scale § Sword
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
No sword à No Legal risk No Legal Risk à No dissuasion No Dissuasion / Threat à No JusKce
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
1st concepKon 2nd ConcepKon
Each party pays its own fees The losing party pays the fees
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
T. EISENBERG and G. P. MILLER, “The English Versus the American Rule on A[orneys Fees: An Empirical Study of Public Company Contracts”, 98 Cornell L. R. 327
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Source: wipo.int
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Source: wipo.int
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
2. Significant Procedural EvoluKons 2.2. Improvements Made by Registries 2.2.3. Fees
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
WIPO Expedited ArbitraKon Rules [.AC, .IO, .SH] ArKcle 59 “Award of Costs of ArbitraKon” (c) The Tribunal shall, subject to any agreement of the parKes, apporKon the costs of arbitraKon and the administraKon fees of the Center between the parKes in the light of all the circumstances and the outcome of the arbitraKon.
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
3. Going Further: ConsolidaKon in Cases of MulKple TLDs
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
gTLDs ccTLDs New TLDs
Shera[on.info Chera[on.be Sheraton.berlin
Sherraton.com Shera[ton.za Sheraton.bzh
Etc. Etc. Etc.
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
3. Going Further: ConsolidaKon in Cases of MulKple TLDs
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
gTLDs ccTLDs New TLDs
Shera[on.info Chera[on.be Sheraton.berlin
Sherraton.com Shera[ton.za Sheraton.bzh
5 different procedures + potenKally 5 dispute resoluKon providers
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
4. Gathering Good Ideas in One Place
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì Current SituaKon
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
5. Towards ArbitraKon?
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
UDRP and Co. ≠ ArbitraKon
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
5. Towards ArbitraKon?
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
Advantages Risks Controlling the Risks
New York ConvenKon (149 signatories(1))
Expensive
Enforcement to recover the costs
(even damages)
Delay Fast-‐Track ArbitraKon (controlling Kme and costs)
Possibility to appeal (3 arbitrators)
No need to go to courts
(1) 18 January 2014
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]
ì
Thank you
Rethinking Domain Name Disputes ResoluKon in the Era of New gTLDs è Notable Procedural Issues in UDRP
email [email protected]
blog h[p://egillet.com
Emmanuel GILLET, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Business School − [email protected]