©2013 urban and regional information systems association gis and survey gis and survey- a...

©2013 Urban and Regional Information Systems Association GIS and Survey

GIS and Survey-A Conversation Between a Surveyor and a GIS Manager

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©2013 Urban and Regional Information Systems Association GIS and Survey 2

Instructors/Developers

• Peter Borbas—The Surveyor– Peter Borbas <[email protected]>

• F. Peirce Eichelberger—The GIS Manager– [email protected]


Contributors/Reviewers

• Bruce Joffee• Ed Dempsey• Tom Tibbits

• Acknolowdgement--Dr. Joshua Greenfeld, Past President GLIS

• Brian Naberezny• Kim McDonough• Keri Brennan

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Who we areGLISGeographic and Land Information Society

URISAUrban and Regional Information Systems Association

S-SIGSurveying Special Interest Group

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F. Peirce Eichelberger Bio

University of Florida (Geography), survey field crew summersCity of Miami, FL Planning Dept after grad school University of

Cincinnati (Geography)Executive Consultant HDR Systems in Omaha, NE—Arlington, TX; Arlington County, VA; Alexandria, VA; Orlando/Orange County, FL

URISA member 39 years, Past President, Board twice, fifteen workshops, GIS/CAMA, addressing conferences, Horwood award in

2008. PRIA Industry Co-chair GIS/LR integration initiative.Good fortune to implement two large, multi-participant, enterprise GIS

programs—Orlando/Orange County, FL and Chester County, PAgDBMS Executive Consultant, ORACLE, UNISYS, EMA, AMCAD,

ILSIndustry Co-chair PRIA Land Records/GIS Integration initiative

[email protected]

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mailto:[email protected]


Peter Borbas Bio

• Peter Borbas is a licensed professional surveyor and planner• Past president of the Geographic and Land Information Society• Past Chairman of the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping• Chair of the New Jersey Society of Professional Land Surveyors

GIS/LIS Committee and served on the steering committee that created the New Jersey Geospatial Forum

• Mr. Borbas serves on the advisory committees for the surveying degree programs at Paul Smiths College and the New Jersey Institute of Technology

• J. Peter Borbas, PLS, PPBorbas Surveying and Mapping, LLC• [email protected]• www.Borbas.com

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.borbas.com/


*/**Guide to the Slides

• Underlined/Bolded Sections—major section headings about 30+

• * Sections of particular interest to surveyors• **Sections especially for GIS interests• Keys (particularly important idea)• New one-day workshop• Feedback needed, thank you……


Workshop Outline8:30-10:00

Needed StandardsWhat Really is GIS?GIS for Surveyors 101—Breadth of GIS for surveyorsSurveyors Role in GIS—Think AgainCADD and GIS

10:00-10:30AM Break10:30-12:00 Noon

Why GIS needs surveyorsSurvey basics for GISOffice research, historic records—similaritiesAbutting records, abutting propertiesRole of the GIS base mapAll layers not created equalGIS base map/lines on a map/where the data comes from?Geodetic control—Datums of many kinds

12:00-1:00 Lunch Break


Outline (Continued)1:00 – 2:30 PM

Imagery’s roleKeys and other IT “things”As-builtsWhy we need surveyorsGNSS/GPS/cCORSThe Coming NJ/PA Land Record InitiativeDevelopers/engineers/title communityLand records integration

2:30-3:00 PM Break3:00-5:00 PM

Monuments—what they representPLSS/13 colonies, control so importantSubparcelsModel Law/Certifications/ResponsibilitiesNext Steps


*/**Introduction and Audience

(P.O.B)(P.O.C.)• Need for a new workshop• Outreach to GLIS and surveyors• We wanted a conversation• Multidisciplinary approach needed• Getting smarter about initiatives• Audience—surveyors and GIS interests together• Start an ongoing dialogue• Literally a decade in the making


Learning Objectives--GIS

• Better understand some of the possible survey inputs into GIS

• Develop an appreciation for how horizontal and vertical control supports GIS

• More background with datums and their importance to GIS, especially time slices

• Have a better grasp of legal descriptions and where they impact GIS


Learning Objectives--Survey

• Broadened perspective to What is GIS?• Better understanding of surveyor’s role and

their inputs—enterprise GIS• Broader role with legal descriptions, many

GIS layers and themes• As-builts, x-y-z—surveyor’s role• Monuments, SPC’s in legals


*/**The Need for Standards

• For data sharing• Added value• Known expectations help to achieve goals• Reduced liability• Cost savings• Reliability and Trust• Standards over time


STANDARDS

Standards are great, everyone

should have some!

and there are so many to choose from!


What are your expectations for lawn watering?• Garden Hose-purchased in West Orange, NJ We take standards for granted

• Sprinkler-moved to Dallas, Texas

• Faucet-son took it all to San Diego, California


Some Types of Standards• Hardcopy Mapping IAAO, State standards• Education BOK• Hardware ISO/ANSI• Software ANSI• Ethical GISP• Licensure• Procedural• Metadata FGDC• Positional NOAA• Data Standards URISA• Datums NOAA, FIPS


• Digital Spatial Analysis

• Data Sharing

• Unknown global users using data for unintended purposes

Where are we now?Where are we going?


Sample Address Data Standard for GIS

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See more FGDC Address Standard


British Columbia Horizontal Interpretative Accuracy Classification (GPS)

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BC Horizontal Interpretative Accuracy Classification (GPS)

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*/**What Really is GIS? • Only real map is what is on the surface of the

earth• Everything else is a “model” of the reality• “Models” all have different levels of

precision/accuracy and detail• Map is a framework for displaying many things• Generalization• Sources of information• Enterprise GIS


Kinds of Maps• Dot maps—1 dot = 100 people• Choropleth maps—shaded area maps• Isoline maps—travel times, topographic• Distribution maps—vector, gradient maps• Statistical symbol maps—pie charts/histograms• Flow maps—transportation data• Court/trial exhibits• Symbol maps• Topographic/bathymetric maps—equal elevations, equal

water depths


Isoline Map Current First Due Fire Engine Travel Times


Choropleth Map Population Density

Atlas of Miami

PopulationHousing Land Use

City Services


Dot Maps


What’s so Neat About GIS?A framework, an architecture, enterprise perspective, G/IS

The importance of addresses--situs (location) addresses ≠ postal (mailing) addresses!!!!

Human/cultural data with natural feature dataVectors/pixels united!

GPS, mobile devices, InternetA problem well defined is a problem half solved

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Data, Information, Knowledge, Real Expertise

Data—smallest human readable factInformation—data meaningfully arranged

Knowledge—do something with the information, causes someone to act (Dashboards)

Expertise—do the optimum/best thing with the data/information/knowledge

Wisdom—which problem to solve first?

GIS the most powerful kind of business graphic!

If a picture is worth a 1,000 words then a map is worth 10,000+ words or pictures

V 1.0 3030


Discussion Questions


PIN’s, AIN’s (Unique or not? Over time?)Tax map ids

GPINs, centroids (different kinds)UPI Uniform/Universal Property/Parcel Identifier

X-Y-Z coordinates (State Plane Coordinates)Flat map

Latitude/LongitudeRound globe

Subdivision NamesProperty Owner(s)’ Name(s) (who gets the tax bill?)

Situs (Location) Address Vs. Mailing AddressPlace names and landmarks

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*GIS for Surveyors—GIS 101


Enterprise GIS• Challenge to tie things together• Common data standards (enforced)• Shared data and systems• Geodetic control layers• Well trained staff• Many economies of scale• Virtual organizational models• Centrifugal forces• Surprising benefits


County/City Surveyors

Orange County, FL


More Common Denominators—Not All are Geographic!

Instrument numbersDeed Book and Page

Grantor/Grantee names (Unique names) MiamiJose Gonzales

Legal descriptions (Coordinates attached?)Monuments

SSN (Redaction time)Over time

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Land Recordation and Legal Descriptions

Enhanced role of the SurveyorOther GIS layers and themesPrecision and overlay issuesWhose checking anyway?

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Maps and Legal Descriptions


GIS Major Consumer of Land Records


POC—Point of Commencement “M”


Note the grid value of the coordinate and the time stamping in this description

BEGINNING at a point in the northwesterly sideline of Ridgedale Avenue, being 33 feet northwesterly of the record centerline, where same is intersected by the dividing line between Lot 5.02 as shown on the aforementioned map and Lot 1 Block 2701, said point being marked with a concrete monument found having New Jersey State Plane Grid Coordinates NAD83 of North 705,855.39 East: 518,459.07 (US Survey Feet) as measured in 2008; and runs thence

Along said northwesterly sideline of Ridgedale Avenue, South 43 degrees 47 minutes 34 seconds West (map bearing South 43 degrees 41 minutes 10 seconds West) 214.08 feet to a point in same; thence

Leaving said sideline, along the dividing line between Lot 1.01 Block 601 (formerly Lot 5.02 Block 1401 Borough of Florham Park) and Lot 1 Block 1503, North 46 degrees 12 minutes 28 seconds West (map bearing North 46 degrees 18 minutes 52 seconds West) 523.65 feet to an angle point in same, marked with a capped iron set, passing over the center of a concrete monument found 0.07 feet from the beginning of this course; thence

Continuing along said dividing line, North 80 degrees 33 minutes 06 seconds West (map bearing North 80 degrees 39 minutes 30 seconds West) 1,544.43 feet to a point in the easterly line of Burnet Road, variable width right of way, said point being marked with a concrete monument found having New Jersey State Plane Grid Coordinates NAD83 of North: 706,316.73 East: 516,409.66 (US Survey Feet); thence

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Interpretation of Descriptions• In retracing deeds the surveyor often finds that items may

have been omitted or it may contain conflicting calls.4 General Rules in Interpretation:

1. Best interpretation is that which most plainly and completely gives effect to the intentions of the parties to the deed, as revealed by all the evidence available.

2. In regards to conflicts between calls the order of precedence is:a) Senior rightsb) A natural corner or boundary will stand against artificial.c) Artificial corner or boundary that is identifiable, will control

over calls of direction, distance, or area.d) When a conflict between dimensions and area, the dimensions

will govern as long as they are consistent with evidence as to monuments.

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GIS Parcels from Legal Descriptions


NPDES Mapping with GPS


Other Critical Things About (Enterprise) GIS

• DBMS design/architecture– More important than ever

• Application design and system implementation– Internet applications, now mobilized!– Citizen focus– Code enforcement– Finance/taxation

• Data Standards– Addresses, many kinds– Non-geographic keys—human names– Contact information

• Computer science fundamentals– Cloud opportunities


Working with GIS, Yes, They have their own vocabulary!

• GIS as a Profession--GISP• GIS “tool” users--Planners, Health, Emergency

Services, Water, Utility interests • Multidisciplinary, wear many hats• Big field, need competent partners• A collision discipline• Public/private opportunities• IT issues and changes--challenges• Training and biases• Different perspectives—levels of government


*/**Surveyors role in GIS. Maybe not what you expected?

• Geodetic control layers– Base layers needed

• Legal descriptions• New subdivisions

– Plats• Other layers that need accuracy and control• Imagery

– Planimetric and oblique• Natural Features

– topography, floodplains, wet lands• Utilities, RR, transportation infrastructure, as builts• Right-of-ways--FL versus the North East


Do I Participate in GIS?• Geography

• Information

• and Systems

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No one “Does” GIS

We Participate in a Geographic Information System

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Resources for Surveyors

At Your Fingertips!

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Trained Personnel

Who are they?

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The Language of Geographic Information Systems is

“Interoperability”

The means to easily be able to use and share data

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Why?

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Interoperability

happens through

willingness

and

standardization


**What is the difference between CADD and GIS—Right around 1”= 80’

• CADD interchange (interoperability) with GIS• Metadata—digital and on the ground• Datums, project datums• Magnetic declination• True north vs. magnetic north• Monuments• Topology• Attribute data in the rDBMS• As-builts


**Survey for GIS—A “Survey” Course

• “Things that Surveyors Do”• Control surveys• Topographic surveys• Boundary/land surveys—legal descriptions• Construction surveys• Route surveying• Specialized surveys—mining, hydrographic• Photogrammetric surveys


Survey Methods/Tools

• Leveling• Distance measurement• Traversing• Area calculations• GPS• Adjustments by least squares• State Plane Coordinates• Projections/Grids• CADD and GIS


Survey Basics and Appreciation for GIS Folks

• Retracing the steps of the previous surveyors• Chains and Philadelphia rods—then• GPS/CORS—now• Surveyors relying on the work of others• GIS raw products for maintenance


Gunter’s ChainSource: W. Norman Thomas. Surveying. London: Edward

Arnold, 1920.

1 Chain=1/10 Furlong=4 Perches=22 yards=66 feet=20.1168 meters1 vara=33inches in Mexico and CA, 33.3 inches in TX1 hectare=2.471 acres


*/**Office Research/Historic Records—Why GIS and Surveying

have so Much in Common• Reviewing abutting legal descriptions• Reviewing (reconciling) earlier documents• Field work, finding monuments and evidence

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