Die werklikheid

Wat is … Die

werklikheid ?

Veeboere bloei saam

met hul kuddes

Identifiseer die

3 mees suksesvolste beheermetodes

vir die afgelope 11 jaar op die

Moniteringsplase.

Deterrent Equipment (Jackal Chaser, Skaapwagter, Lights, Sirens, Bells)

Deterrent Collars (Protect-A-Lamb (Bell), Celmax Collars, E-Shepherd Collar, Agri-Alert Collar, Hot group Collar)

Guarding Animals (Dogs, Donkey, Alpaca)

Hunting Dogs (Organized Packs

Toxic Collars (Neck Fitted)

Block Hunt (Call & Shoot, Helicopter)

Protective Collars (King Collar, Dead-Stop Collar, Owner-Choice Collar)

Trapping Devices (Leg hold, Killer Trap)

Cage Traps

Aerial Hunt (Helicopter)

Call & Shoot (Night, Day)

Human Herding (Night , Day)

Fencing (Jackal proof, Electric)

Kraaling (Night)

Toolbox With

Managing Systems

M44 (cyanide

device)

Goeie beplanning opgevolg deur goeie bestuur

wat deurlopend toegepas word risiko bestuur wat vermy word

grondeienaars wat daadwerklik toegespits is op predasie bestuur eerder as

predatoor bestuur.

Wanneer word ‘n beheermetode beskou as suksesvol

Hoekom is die spesifieke beheermetode suksesvol

Sukses word nie gemeet aan die hoeveelheid predatore gedood, maar eerder aan

‘n versekerde groei in speenpersentasies

deurlopend verseker

Jakkalswerende grensdrade met roep en skiet

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Besetting-, Lam- & Speen %

Besettings % Lam % Speen %

5.10% 6.43% 5.70% 4.94% 3.35% 2.84% 3.36%

5.78% 4.97% 4.57% 3.23%

5.82% 6.08%

4.58%

22.99%

3.76% 3.21% 3.56%

1.98% 5.81%

4.99%

2.64%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Redes vir verliese tot en met speen

Predasie % %Lam verliese a.g.v ander

2

13

23

35 32

13

24

19

14

19

23

1 1

5

14

10

1 4

9 7

3 0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Jakkals

Rooikat

Elektrifisering met roep en skiet

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Besetting-, Lam- & Speen %

Besettings % Lam % Speen %

4.37% 4.94% 6.25% 4.47%

2.34% 1.50% 0.84% 1.67% 0.67% 0.20% 0.15%

3.23%

8.75% 3.43%

13.31%

10.35% 9.40%

6.00%

23.26%

9.79% 8.06%

12.46%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Redes vir verliese tot en met speen

Predasie % %Lam verliese a.g.v ander

8 12 13

5

14

8 11

27 28

49

17

0 5

1 1 4

1

15

3 1 2 0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Jakkals

Rooikat

Kraal met roep en skiet

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Besettings % Lam % Speen %

Besettings-,Lam-&Speen %

1.92% 1.77% 1.40% 0.87% 1.95% 0.13% 0.63% 0.38% 0.43% 0.66% 1.04% 2.28%

7.60% 3.84%

1.90% 4.09%

2.68% 1.07%

29.54%

5.89%

11.55% 9.92%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Predasie %

%Lam verliese a.g.v ander

Redes vir verliese tot en met speen

3

8

1

8

16

8

6 5

2 2

5

1 0 0

1 1

4

1 0

1 0

1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Jakkals

Rooikat

Kombinasie Jakkalswerende draad, Kraal & Roep en skiet

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Besetting,Lam-,& Speen %

Besetting % Lam % Spean %

58.6%

44.9% 45.9%

16.8% 15.8% 13.2% 14.1%

2.3% 1.7% 1.1% 1.2%

5.75%

5.54% 5.30%

14.77%

4.09% 11.55% 5.98%

0.32% 0.84% 0.48% 0.83% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Redes vir verliese tot en met speen

Predasie % %Lam verliese a.g.v ander

7 5

9

17

12

25

15 12

6

17

36

5 2

5 7

20

14

9

5 2

8

0 0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Jakkals

Rooikat

Gebruikers: Proaktiewe beplanning

met kombinasies van verskeie beheermetodes

met afwisselende stadiums en die vermoë om metodes

te verander voordat diere aangepas het

Nie Gebruikers: Risiko bestuurders

Predatoor bestuurders

Dit is juis om die nie “toolbox” gebruikers bloot te stel en te verander na “toolbox” gebruikers

Ondersoek die “toolbox”

Neem waar die verskeidenheid “tools” = beheermetodes Ondersoek dit Verstaan dit Gebruik dit

Vraag? Het dit enigsins ‘n invloed op predasie gehad?

Doel van opleiding:

Kennis

Bystand

Ondersteuning

Opleiding oor die afgelope 11 jaar

Kursus 244

Bywoning Boere/Arbeidsmag

10 211

Study UCT

Wat gaan die tendens wees van predasie oor die volgende 11 jaar ?

Wat was die tendens van predasie oor afgelope 11 jaar ? Afname – Konstant - Toename

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

242 253 296 390 459 425 467

430 451 488 526

2311 2325

2094

1449 1309

1217 1103

1026 978 1048

828

National results after 11 years

Predators removed Stock losses

Merging Science and Common Knowledge

What we do know

• 75% of a population must be removed each year for 15 years to see a reduction at the population level

• 10% of pups must survive and breed each season to maintain a population

• Mule deer are most susceptible to coyote predation the first month of their life

What else we know

• As removal (exploitation) levels increase, coyote reproduction increases

• More females breed

• Larger liters per female

• Immigration increases

• Coyotes can travel quite a long way

• Sex ratios in liters can change

Two Philosophies on Coyote Control

• “If 75% of the population is killed each year, the population can be exterminated in slightly over 50 years.” ~ Connolly and Longhurst 1975

• Year round removal to reduce overall population on landscape scale

• Isolated removal during denning and pup rearing season to cause temporary voids in sensitive areas

USA Commercial farmland has been establish with one main objective,

To contribute to a healthy economy, feeding my nation – no one coyote will ever destroy

the American dream

Australia An acre is a measuring unit of size,

all calculations is done in acres, not half an acre – therefore dividing one acre to accommodate both my

livestock and the dingo is an absolute

no go.

Overseas farmers statements

about predation

Commercial farming Predation Predators

& the road ahead…

Healthy Biodiversity Strategic management Accepting predators will always be part of nature Understanding predator behavior and biology Responsible landowners/responsible control methods Ability to react before predator adapt to control methods Training Co-operation Subsidies projects (Fencing material) Correct management of limited funds

Commercial farming Predation Predators

& the road ahead…

To survive you must understand

To understand you must be a quick learner

To be a quick learner you must avoid the negative and build on the positive

To survive you must be able to adapt

If we are unable to understand the cause of our problem it is impossible to solve it …

Our continuous

treatment of only

the symptoms

of predation

will never ever stop

predation,

avoiding the cause

of our problem

- is the problem !!!