20027WCGALP (HDN-1)

Performance ofHolstein clones inthe United States

H.D. NORMAN,*,1 T.J. LAWLOR,2 and J.R. WRIGHT1

1Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory Agricultural Research Service, USDA Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA

2Holstein Association USA, Brattleboro, VT 05302, USA

*dnorman@aipl.arsusda.gov 301-504-8334

Photo courtesy Infigen

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-2)

National Research Council (USA)

Subcommittee to identify and to prioritize science-based risks of genetically modified animals

Report will decide regulation of cloned animals by U.S. Food and Drug Administration

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-3)

Cloning technology

Embryo splitting First U.S. registered Holstein calves:

1982 Identical nuclear and mitochondrial

DNA

Nuclear transfer First U.S. registered Holstein calves:

1989 Nearly identical nuclear DNA, but

different mitochondrial DNA Almost no recording of recipient cell

identity Full siblings versus identical animals

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-4)

Objectives

Document performance of clones: Yield: milk, fat, protein Fitness: somatic cell score

(SCS), productive life (PL)

Examine performance differences between embryo-split and nuclear-transfer clones

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-5)

Data

Holstein Association USA registrations for embryo-split and nuclear-transfer clones Gender Birth year

Pedigree merit

Mean of parent predicted transmitting abilities (PTAs)

Clone type (embryo split vs. nuclear transfer)

All U.S. Holsteins born in same year and milk recorded through Dairy Herd Improvement

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-6)

Embryo-split clone population

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-7)

Nuclear-transfer clone population

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-8)

Female pedigree merit: Milk

Birth year

Mean of parent PTAs (kg)Embryo

splitNuclear transfer Populatio

n1983 -487 . . . -6451985 -283 . . . -5541987 -322 . . . -4591989 -211 -113 -3441991 -33 +46 -2331993 +88 -29 -1141995 +146 . . . 01997 +342 . . . +1221999 +432 +645 +206

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-9)

Female pedigree merit: Fat

Birth year

Mean of parent PTAs (kg)Embryo

splitNuclear transfer Populatio

n1983 -15 . . . -221985 -10 . . . -191987 -9 . . . -151989 -2 -3 -101991 +1 +3 -71993 +4 +4 -41995 +6 . . . 01997 +10 . . . +41999 +12 +12 +6

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-10)

Female pedigree merit: Protein

Birth year

Mean of parent PTAs (kg)Embryo

splitNuclear transfer Populatio

n1983 -13 . . . -181985 -10 . . . -161987 -10 . . . -141989 -5 -2 -101991 0 +2 -71993 +5 +1 -31995 +5 . . . 01997 +13 . . . +41999 +15 +23 +7

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-11)

Mean standardized traits

Embryo splitting

Nuclear transfer

Trait Clones

Full sibs

Clones

Full sibs

Milk (kg) 10,577

10,850

10,197

10,052

Fat (kg) 386 394 367 368Fat (%) 3.66 3.62 3.61 3.66Protein (kg) 315 324 317 306Protein (%) 2.98 2.98 3.12 3.03SCS 3.0 3.1 3.7 3.1PL (mo) 25.6 25.3 21.4 30.3

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-12)

Deviation from contemporaries

Embryo splitting

Nuclear transfer

Trait Clones

Full sibs

Clones

Full sibs

Milk (kg) -273 -93 -525 -519Fat (kg) -5 -1 -24 -15Protein (kg)

-5 0 -8 -11

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-13)

Mean PTA

Embryo splitting

Nuclear transfer

Trait Clones

Full sibs

Clones

Full sibs

Milk (kg) -67 -34 -105 -63Fat (kg) 0 0 -5 0Fat (%) 0.02 0.02 -0.01 0.02Protein (kg)

0 0 0 0

Protein (%) 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02SCS 3.09 3.09 3.16 3.14PL (mo) 0.1 0.2 -0.4 -0.1

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-14)

Famous split-embryo bulls

Bull

Daugh-ters (no.)

PTA

Milk(kg)

Fat(kg)

Pro-tein(kg)

Produc-tive life

(mo)

Somatic

cellscore

Duplicate 477 +156 -19 -7 -0.8 3.28Divide 606 +143 -18 -7 -0.7 3.26Wind Kaddy 5032 +347 +13 +10 -1.1 3.55SW Kaddy 506 +261 +14 +8 -1.1 3.48

2002

7WCGALP (HDN-15)

Decreased number of embryo-split males and all nuclear-transfer clones

Animals selected for cloning slightly superior genetically to population for yield traits

Yields similar for nuclear-transfer clones and their non-cloned full siblings

Yields of embryo-split clones slightly less than yields of their non-cloned full siblings

Conclusions