2. why ipv6 and features

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Future of Data Communication


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2

Internet Protocol

Transports a datagram from source host to destination,possibly via several intermediate nodes (routers)

Service is:

Unreliable:Losses, duplicates, out-of-order delivery

Best effort:Packets not discarded capriciously, deliveryfailure not necessarily reported

Connectionless:Each packet is treated independently


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What is an IP address?

Each host on a TCP/IP network is uniquelyidentified at the IP layer with an address.

An Internet Protocol (IP) address specifies the

location of a host or client on the Internet.

The IPv4 address is 32 bits long

The IPv6 address is 128 bit long


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Problems of IPv4 & Why IPv6

1. Addressing problem

2. Routing Crisis3. End to End problem

4. Security

5. Mobility6. Performance


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Address Crisis


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1.Addressing problem

32 bits used for IPV4 addressing, hence 4 billion nodes possible.

Poor IP address allocation procedure, as no hierarchal allocation is

followed.

As new network devices are emerging demanding for IP addressand also the exponential growth of internet, need for more IPaddress.

Subnetting and NATing provided solution to some extent.


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Routing Crisis


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2.Routing Crisis

As networks divided into Class A,B,C etc all the routes has to beentered and processed by the routing table making the table very

large.

CIDR helped to some extent,

Eg: 192.1.4.0,192.1.5.0,192.1.6.0,192.1.7.0 all these networks arecontiguous networks these by CIDR can be made as 192.1.4.0/22

with one such entry in the routing table

But as no hierarchal format of addressing is followed this cannot

solve the problem of routing process.


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3.End to End problem

Due to NATing the local network is masked to

the global scenario.

As new network devices are emergingdemanding IP address

Eg: All the house hold equipments can beoperated remotely etc.,


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Security Problem

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4. Security

IPV4 provided security through routers(Access-lists) and computers performing firewalls.

The intrinsic security problems are notaddressed like

--packet sniffing:--IP spoofing:--connection Hijacking:


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Mobility


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5.Mobility

IPV4 does not support mobility (As and when

developed)

IP address consists of varying length of networkpart and host part , the network part defines the

topology location and the ip packets are routedto the destination, if the attachment changes theip address changes.


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6. Performance Best effort:This IPv4 protocol tries its level best for

delivery of the packet.

It does not guarantee the upper layer neither in terms ofpercentage of delivered packets nor in terms of timeused to execute the delivery.

No in built QOS which is required for real time datatransfer serivces like video conference etc.,


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1. Larger address space2. Global reachability

3. Auto-configuration4. Efficient Routing5. Easy Mobility

6. Better security

IPv6 Features


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IPv6

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No more room in IPv4 Quite empty in IPv6


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Larger Address Space

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IPv6 Features

1.Larger address space

128 bits are used for IPV6 addressing.

3.4X1038 possible addressable nodes.

Approximately 5X1028 addresses per personon the earth.


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IPv6 Features

2.Global reachability

Global reachability with the availability oflarge no. of address in IPV6.

Subnetting and NATing are not required.


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Auto-Configuration

"Plug and play"

By autoconfiguration

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IPv6 Features

3.Auto-configuration

Plug and Play i.e auto configuration is available

as and when the node is switched ON it gets itsaddress(Link-Local) and other addresses.

Exchanges its information with the neighborsand thus neighbor discovery is done.


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Efficient Routing

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IPv6 Features

4.Efficient Routing

With less IPV6 header the routing process isfaster.

With hierarchal IP allocation, less entries in therouting table with faster routing process.

But if the ISP changes the Addresses change,even when 2 ISPs merge or separate theaddress change


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Easy Mobility

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IPv6 Features

5.Easy Mobility

IPv6 supports mobility from its development itself.

Mobile users have 2 address one is a permanentaddress (Home Organization) and Dynamic address(Correspondent Node)

Communication between the mobile node and the homeagent is present via the correspondent node throughbinding updates and acknowledgments.


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End to End Security


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IPv6 Features

6.Better Security

IETF defined a series of Encryption and authenticationprocedures.

In extension header AH(Authenticaion Header) and ESP(encrypted Security Payload) are present .

IPv6 has source routing i.e the path between the Sourceand Destination is set at the source station itself by the ippacket.


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28

WONDERS WE CAN DO

WITH IPV6 !!


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IPv6 Applications Others!!


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4/26/2012

Rural Emergency Health Care

Rural Emergency Healthcare Current Process


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Central Co-ordination Contact Center

Rural Emergency Healthcare Current Process

31

Public SwitchingTelephone Network(PSTN)

Doctor

Dial108

Dispatch Officers(DO)

Caller indistress

Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

Ambulancesnearest to callerlocated and guided

to destination

Doctor atContact

Center andNurse in

Ambulance co-ordinate

over phone

aboutpatient care

Deficiencies in Todays Rural Emergency Healthcare scenario(Communication only by Phone)

Vital sign information sent on phone - Blood pressure, ECG, Temperature .. Etc.

Doctor lacks the ability to see the patients visual condition

Doctor provides Offline Healthcare on phone

Ambulances manually called and guided over phone to destination

IPv6 simplifies and enhances Rural Emergency Healthcare


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32ConfidentialTechMahindra

2009

IPv6 Backbone

Dial108

Caller indistress

Ambulances located at strategic places in districts

Benefits IPv6 Rural Emergency Healthcare scenario

Real Time Patient Vital sign information collected by Bio Sensors Blood pressure,ECG, Temperature .. Etc,

Patients condition is seen in real time Video by Doctor- More effective diagnosis andadvice

D.O. locates nearest Ambulance - using GPS Driver reaches destination faster via GPS

Wi-Max

3G

Bio-sensors helpcollect

Vital sign info which istransmitted in real-

timehelping doctor provideeffective healthcare

GPS helpsLocate

Ambulance,guides

Ambulancedriver

To destination

Central Co-ordination Contact Center

IPv6 Technologies Rural Emergency Healthcare

Bio-SensorsIPv6 based Real-time Vital signs data

transfer

Seamless Video-ConferenceAutomatic Vehicular Location System

IPv6 simplifies and enhances Rural Emergency Healthcare


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Thank You

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