2 trafficking and related crimes college team strategic project on eurojust’s action against...
TRANSCRIPT
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Trafficking and Related Crimes College Team
Strategic Project on Eurojust’s Action against Trafficking in Human Beings
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Jesús Pena Case Analyst
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OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Project timeline
• Preparatory work
• Preliminary findings
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PROJECT TIMELINE
• Production and submission of questionnaire
• Analysis of EJ cases with coordination meetings
Preliminary findings
• Strategic meeting• Report (preliminary findings + seminar
conclusions)• Action Plan
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Preparatory work
• Compilation and analysis of responses to questionnaire
• Analysis of EJ cases
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Preparatory work
Main issues
a) Difficulties identifying the victims of, and/or difficulties identifying cases of THB.
b) Difficulties obtaining evidence. c) Reliance only on victims’ testimony, lack of or not using other
sources of evidence. d) Legislative problems. e) High standards for evidence. f) Lack of experience or lack of specialised knowledge.g) Interpretation during the investigation; also when interacting
with the victims.h) International dimension is burdensome.
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Main issues
a b c d e f g h
WS 3
WS 5WS 4
WS 1 & 2
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Under/misreporting
• Increasingly concealed nature
• No reporting by victims
• Lack of expertise
• Difficulties in obtaining evidence
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
ExpertiseAustria Police Prosecutor Judiciary
Belgium Police Prosecutor NGO’s/Other
Bulgaria Police Prosecutor Judiciary Border guard
Croatia Police Prosecutor Border guard
Cyprus Police
Czech Republic Police Prosecutor
Denmark Police
Estonia Police Prosecutor
Finland Police Prosecutor
France Police Judiciary
Germany Police Border guard
Hungary Police
Italy Police Prosecutor Judiciary NGO’s/Other
Latvia Police Prosecutor
Lithuania Police Prosecutor
Luxembourg Police Prosecutor
Malta Police
Netherlands Police Prosecutor Border guard NGO’s/Other
Norway Police Prosecutor
Poland Police Prosecutor Border guard
Portugal Police Prosecutor Border guard
Romania Police Prosecutor Border guard
Slovak Republic Police
Slovenia Police Prosecutor
Spain Police Prosecutor
Sweden Police Prosecutor NGO’s/Other
United Kingdom Police Prosecutor Border guard
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
National legislation
• Majority considers it adequate
• Directive 2011/36/EU on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
EU Member States role
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Transit and Destination
Destination
Source, Transit and Destination
Source
Source and Destination
Source and Transit
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Source countries
14 mentions
11 mentions
7 mentions
6 mentions
5 mentions
4 mentions
3 mentions
2 mentions
1 mentions
Country Times mentioned
Romania 14
Nigeria 11
China 7
Bulgaria 7
Ukraine 6
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
National initiatives
Yes
No
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Money flowsCountry Evidence gathering Asset recovery
Austria N/A N/A
Belgium Yes Yes
Bulgaria Yes Yes
Croatia No Yes
Cyprus Yes No
Czech Republic N/A Yes
Denmark Yes N/A
Estonia Yes Yes
Finland Yes Yes
France Yes Yes
Germany Yes Yes
Hungary Yes Yes
Italy Yes Yes
Latvia Yes Yes
Lithuania Yes Yes
Luxembourg Yes Yes
Malta Yes Yes
Netherlands Yes Yes
Norway Yes Yes
Poland Yes Yes
Portugal Yes Yes
Romania Yes Yes
Slovak Republic Yes Yes
Slovenia Yes No
Spain Yes Yes
Sweden Yes Yes
United Kingdom Yes Yes
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Cooperation with Third States
• Majority has channels of communication
• Use of Liaison Magistrates and Police LO
• Specific programs with source countries
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Obstacles international cooperation
• Delays in execution of requests
• Lack of cooperation and exchange of information
• Differences in legislation and judicial systems
Yes
No
PRELIMINARY FINDINGSUse of JIT
Yes
No
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Use of EUROJUST
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Asset recovery
Conflicts of jurisdiction
Exchange information
Coordination of activities
Execution of LoR
Evaluating the benefits, methods and financing of JIT
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
1
3
5
10
10
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Case Analysis Unit
Legal topics discussed during THB coordination meetings
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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Bilateral compared to multilateral cases
Multilateral18%
Bilateral 82%
All THB cases
Case Analysis UnitCase Analysis Unit
Yes
No
PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
Use of EUROPOL
