1.mr v raghuraman

8/7/2019 1.Mr V Raghuraman

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CII PRESENTATION ON CLIMATE

CHANGE

BUILDING A LOW

CARBON INDIANECONOMY


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PRESENTATION STRUCTURE

Impacts of Climate Change on India and Global Economy

India: Official Position So Far

India: Current Scenario

India: Leading by Example

The New Economy of India: Opportunities for Climate Change

India: Strategies to Combat Climate Change

Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy Technologies

Cleaner Conventional Energy Technologies

Strengthen free and open Markets

Green Buildings

Transportation Civil Aviation

Adaptation

Afforestation

Research and Development

The Way Forward


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Climate Change No Longer a Topic of ScientificDebate: Its a Real Concern World Faces Today


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Climate Change is for Real

.

Our Planethas got

Fever: Earthssurface temperature

continuouslyincreasing

over past few decades


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Climate Change is for RealConti..

Concentration of

Green House Gases haveincreased

Phenomenallyin recent past


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Source: Development Alternatives

Climate Change: Global Impacts


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Indian 7500-km long densely populated and low-lying

coastline would be worst hit due to rise in sea level

20% of coastal population may need to migrate

25% of countrys population would be exposed to

increased cyclone

70% plants may not be able to adapt to new

conditions

More than 20,000 villages may be deserted

Adverse impact on agricultural yield

Climate Change: Impacts on India


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Supply-chain risk: vulnerability of inputs such as energyand agricultural products

Product & Technology risk: various technologies will be atrisk due to carbon constraints

Litigation risk: threat of lawsuits for units emitting GHGgases

Reputation risk: Several business practices may hamper

reputation

Physical risk: Direct impact: droughts, flood, rising sealevel

Competitive risk: Additional cost due to regulation

Regulatory risk: Frequent change (tightening of) regulatory

provisions

Climate Change: Risks on Business


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India: Official Position So Far

India can not afford to compromise on developmental

goals India and other developing countries need to work consistently to

meet millenium developmental goals

Climate change dialogue should not impede nations to grow

India and similar other developing countries require

urgent and profound attention on adaptation strategies

Rapid Economic Development is the best Adaptation

Strategy

Climate change mitigation efforts can succeed only on the

basis of Common but Differentiated Principles

India is committed to promote voluntary measures

undertaken such as energy efficiency, renewable energy


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India: Current Scenario

India is a responsible nation and iscommitted to growth with environmental

responsibility.

India has delivered a GDP growth rate of 8%

with only 3.7% growth in its total primaryenergy consumption.

India has achieved energy-GDP de-coupling

at much earlier stage of its development

cycle.

GDP growth rate has been higher than projected

even though power capacity addition has been

lower (only 50% ) than planned


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India: Current Scenariocont.

According to survey conducted byGlobal Market Institute-a Seattle-based group-

Indians are most concerned

for climate change

Indians are Responsible too


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Energy intensity of GDP (kgoe/$ 2000 PPP)

0 15

0 17

0 19

0 21

0 23

0 25

0 27

0 29

0 31

1971

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

TPE

S

(kgoe)/GDP(

$20

India:Current Scenarioconti.

Energy Intensity in India showsadownward trend

Source: Planning Commission


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Breaking the Mould

While GOI is formulating a negotiating strategy at UNFCC

forum: Indian Industry is poised to take a proactive role

towards developing global leadership in climate change

initiatives.

As with 9% + growth rate Capital assets will double every seven years

Opportunity to Leapfrog and Lead by Example

Several examples indicate that Indian Inc. is already doing

it. ITC Corporation initiatives

LED Lamps by Cosmos Inc.

Industry investment in renewable energy

CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre CII ITC Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Development


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Technologies and practices affecting long-livedsystems are difficult to penetrate once assets havebeen constructed. .g. Power plants and industrial facilities lasts for 50 years or more

uildings, once built, can stand for many decades

A car or truck has a life span of 5-20 years

India is a new economy. The country is likely toadd massive industrial/capital assets in the future. Developed countries have to first retire old assets, before they

can build new assets based on cleaner technologies

India can straight away opt for efficient clean technologies

The New Economy of India: Opportunities forClimate Change Initiatives

Environmentally Conscious Investmentdecisions can allow the country

to leapfrog into an era of carbon efficientadvanced technologies


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India: Reference Scenario and Alternat e Energy Scenario

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Coal O

ilGas

Nuclear

Hydro

Biomass

Other

Ren

ewables

Total

Primary Energy

Demand in

Reference

Scenario in2030 (Mtoe)

Primary Energy

Demand in

Alternate

Scenario in

2030 (Mtoe)

India: Difference Between Total Energy Demand and Sub-sector wise Energy Demand in Reference Scenario andAlternate Scenario

Source: International Energy


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India: Strategies to CombatClimate Change


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1) Moderate Energy Demand by Increasing EnergyEfficiency

a) Improve Vehicle Fuel Efficiency

Set Fuel Economy Standards for Vehicles:

Formulate and implement fuel economy standards for HMVs, LMVs at the maximum

rate possible by applying economics and available technology.

Update/increase the standards on a regular basis.

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAF) standards in US show that the strategy could

be useful.

Additional fuel efficiency improvements possible by reducing vehicle weight, horsepower or

non-critical amenities,or by developing step-out technologies

New Initiatives in India:

Delhi- 1st city to switch to CNG public transport

Separate lanes for buses being introduced

Metro Rail for public Transport initiated The 1 Lakh ($2500) Peoples Car by Tata Motors with best norms in industry

Electric Vehicles developed by REVA Motors

Electric Two-wheelers by Hero Honda

Way Forward:

H2 Spiked CNG

Fuel cell/Hybrid cars


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1. Moderate Energy Demand by Increasing EnergyEfficiencyconti

b. Implement Building Energy Codes

Bureau of Energy Efficiency already formulated and announced Energy Conservation

Building Code (ECBC)

Adopting ECBC does not automatically guarantee energy savings

Code enforcement and compliance also essential.

The Direction in India is Right: Energy audits for 9 Govt. buildings completed

including famous Rashtrapati Bhawan and Prime Ministers office. Likely to become a

norm for all Government buildings.Initiatives in India

Green Buildings in India: Much More than Energy Efficiency Efficient Use of Water Energy Efficient & Eco Friendly Equipment Use of Renewable Energy Building automation Use of Recycled/Recyclable Materials Indoor environment quality

How India can Leap Forward

Develop codes for

Data Centres

Special Economy Zones (SEZs)

Malls/ Shopping Centres

Join international efforts to develop zero energy buildings


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c. Enlarge the Scope of Appliance and Equipment

Standards ureau of nergy fficiency has launched an nergy

Labeling and Certification Programme covering following

equipment:

Refrigerators with or without low temperature compartment Room air conditioner (unitary)

Stationary storage type electric water heaters

Electric motors up to 100 KW

Agricultural pump sets including horizontal centrifugal pumps, mono set pumps and

submersible pump set up to 15 KW

Electric light sources, control gears and luminaries including tubular fluorescentlamps, inductive type ballasts, electronic ballasts, luminaries and compact fluorescent

lamps

Distribution Transformers

Industrial fans and blowers up to 100 KW

Air compressors up to 100 KW

nergy efficiency standards should also apply to other increasingly

1. Moderate Energy Demand by Increasing EnergyEfficiencyconti


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Moderate Energy Demand by Increasing EnergyEfficiencyd. Increase Industrial Sector Energy Efficiency

nergy Conservation Act has provided regulatory impetus to energy

efficiency activities in industries. ollowing sectors identified as designated

consumers of energy efficiency activities: Aluminum Automobile Cement Ceramics Chemicals Chlor Alkali

Fertiliser Glass Integrated Steel Plant Petrochemicals Pulp & Paper Refinery Sugar Textile

List of designated consumers should be constantly updated. New sectors to be added

Promising areas for energy savings such as waste-heat recovery, separation processes and combined

heat and power should be promoted across all manufacturing units

Bureau of Energy Efficiency should conduct and promote research, development, demonstration, and

deployment of industrial energy efficiency technologies.

nergy Audit mandatoryfor these sectors. ncouraged

for other sectors

ational nergy ConservationAwards given to best performers

hat ext


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Energy Efficiency Targets for Eleventh Five-year Plan (2007-2012)

500 MSmall & Medium nterprises scheme6

2000 MAgricultural DSM (Ag DSM) & Municipal

DSM (Mu DSM)

5

500 Mnergy conservation building code

( C C) implementation

200 Mnergy savings in existing buildings3

3000 MStandards & Labelling programme2

000 Machat Lamp Yojana ( LY)

Targeted saved capacityName of the scheme

Source: ureau of nergy fficiency


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India already frontrunner in exploitation of renewable energy

Over 9,500 MW of renewable based capacity has already been

installed

Fourth largest country in terms of wind energy capacity

Numerous fiscal and financial incentives given to the promotion and exploitation of

renewable energy The only country to have dedicated Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

Strong manufacturing and R&D orientation

Dedicated financial institution for renewable energy

Private Initiatives in Renewable Energy

An Indian company - Suzlon Energy Limited - is now worlds 4th biggest wind energycompany

Exclusive Renewable Energy SEZ being set-up in India

Majority of renewable energy capacity in India has been installed by private sector

Companies like Signet, Moser Baer setting-up solar manufacturing units to add to

existing capacity of Tata BP, Selco Solar, CEL etc.

Several Biomass Gasifier Manufacturing companies flourishing

2. Accelerate Deployment of Renewable EnergyTechnologies


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Summary of Renewable Energy Targets forEleventh Five-year Plan (2007-2012)

Box 5: Summary of Renewable Energy Targets for Eleventh Five-year Plan (2007-2012)

Grid-interactive Renewable Power: A physical target of ,000 M is set for theleventh Plan for grid-interactive renewable power through wind, small hydro, bio-power

and solar power.

Renewable Energy for Rural Applications: Distributed/ ff-grid Renewable Powerthrough wind, small hydro, bio-power and solar power. A target of 000 M of

renewable based distributed capacity for leventh Plan.

Incentives provided for grid connected power from renewable sources would be linkedto generation and not to power capacities created. Thus power regulators will be asked

to create alternative incentive structures such as mandated feed-in laws or differentialtariffs for grid interactive power.

National Bio-fuel policy will be finalized that provides incentives and leads to acompetitive industry.

IREDA to be restructured by broad basing its equity structure for increasing availabilityof finance for new and renewable energy and its role to be enhanced.


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Renewable Energy: Steps to be taken

Significant potential available for further

exploitation Continue promotion of renewable energy sources under a stable

regulatory environment

Provide critical infrastructure (transmission links, evacuation facilities,

approach roads) for remote renewable energy sites

Ensure land availability for renewable projects in potential areas.Emphasize on multiple uses of land

Establish Hybrid Systems (wind-solar, wind-diesel, biomass-diesel etc.)

as firm sources of power

The electricity grid needs to be strengthened in order to provide

increased flexibility in the generation mix

Proper resource assessment should be done for various RETs

Industry, service providers and research institutions should undertake

collaborative projects for bringing about improvements in technology,

particularly with regard to cost reduction, efficiency enhancements and

capacity utilizationFormulate and announce a suitable Renewable Energy


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3. Switch Towards Cleaner Conventional EnergyTechnologies

Accelerate Deployment of proven clean conventionalenergy technologies Ultra super-critical boiler

Nuclear Energy

Coal Bed Methane

Undertake collaborative R&D on technologies that canbe soon commercialized and formulate a strategy for

their quicker deployment

R&D on Integrated Gas Combined Cycle (IGCC)

R&D on In-Situ Coal Gasification

Engage in R&D on Collaborative Public-Private

Partnership basis that can provide long-term solutions


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India needs a well-instituted market mechanism,where energy prices are based on the interaction of

demand and supply.

Subsidies have distorted the market and have

perpetuated inefficient use of energy commodities

Establish an organised Domestic Carbon Market in

India

Discuss possibility of Dynamic Cap and Trade to be

implemented in India

Carbon tax to increase relative price of carbon

4. Strengthen and rely upon free and open market,wherever possible, to produce efficient solutions


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5. Green Buildings

Green building brings together a vast array of

practices and techniques to reduce the impacts of

buildings on the environment

Indian private sector led by CII has already

achieved leadership in Green Buildings. Already approximately 30 rated buildings existing

100 more buildings have registered for certification

7 of existing green buildings are Platinum rated

A strategy should be worked out to increase thepenetration of Green Buildings in India

Green Overhaul of Existing Buildings also to be

looked at

CII-GBC Building

Energy savings of1,20,000 units

per year40 % less water consumptionContinuous CO2 monitoring80 per cent recycledmaterial usedDischarges zero water100% Day lighting

15 % Power-Solar PV


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6. Transportation

Transport sector second largest consumer of energy after

industry

Key Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation in Transportationsector

Improve technology (scooters, cars, advanced technologies e.g.

battery operated vehicles, fuel cell)

Manage growth in vehicle use (with carrots and sticks)

Enhance/improve travel alternatives to serve diversity of needs and

desires High quality, affordable mass transit system critical (e.g. Delhi Metro)

Organize and emphasize on Freight transportation by waterways

Coordinate government strategies and activities (transport and

land use, infrastructure investments, industrial policy and


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Aviation contributed about 2 per cent of global fossil fuel carbon

dioxide emissions (2005)

the impact of aviation on global warming is increasing rapidly

According to Stern Review "aviation emissions could account for... 5 per cent

of the total warming effect (of all global CO2 emissions) in 2050,"

expansion of air transport in India is among the fastest in the world

Set emission targets for airlines operating in India: The Advisory Council for Aerospace Research in Europe has set target to emit

50 per cent less CO2 for European aircraft

NASA has set similar targets in US airlines

Explore possibility of carbon credits for Indian civil aviation

sector

In Europe, civil aviation has been included in ETS

Invest in fuel-efficient aircraft and related equipment

Formulate policies to encourage shift from aviation to high-speed rail.

Use advanced aircraft scheduling techniques and develop efficient air

7. Civil Aviation


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2% of CDM proceeds to be used to help developing

countries with their adaptation efforts (Article 2,

Paragraph 8, Kyoto Protocol)

In India, common adaptation activities would include

Afforestation Irrigation

Coastal management

Effective disaster management

Breeding new plant species and crops which are moretolerant to changed climate

Changes to building and infrastructure design standards to

protect against more extreme weather events

Improving water use efficiency, planning for alternative

water sources

8. Adaptation...


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9. Afforestation/Reforestation

Afforestation is both an adaptation strategy and a mitigation

strategy Planting trees on formerly forested land can enhance

biodiversity

Suitable tool for carbon sequestration

India already has a strong afforestation programme

Regulatory framework exist under Forest Conservation Act

of1980

Further impetus to afforestation activities should be given at

the state level

Indian Government planning to undertake worlds largest

afforestation programme in recent times, called Green India.

Plan for reenin six million hectares of de raded


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nhance science and engineering capabilities and create long-

term opportunities for research and development relevant from

climate change stand point

Collaborative R&D on promising projects/concept should be

undertaken on public-private partnership mode

For example, Indian R&D stakeholders are part of Global R&D

consortia such as ITER

IPHE

CSLF

Futuregen

IPR should be shared appropriately among various countries R&D on advanced industrial technologies, alternative energy

technologies would be of prime importance

A dedicated fund required to finance climate-friendly technologies

R&D


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The Way Forward

Government

Collection/collation of targetedinformation

Develop understanding ofclimate change impacts on Indiaand response options

Focus on AdaptationSupporting and Leveragingprivate actions

Create Climate-friendlytechnologies fund

Policy and regulation

Industry

Adoption of Best Practices

Focus on Small-Scale Industrie

Leverage Climate-friendlytechnologies fund

Partner R&D efforts to develop

low/no carbon technologiesMeasure carbon footprint, anddevelop reporting systems

Civil Society

Promote awareness about impactsof climate change

Campaign to effect behavioralchange

Work with Government and other

role players as partners in


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THANK YOUTHANK YOU

1.mr v raghuraman

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