Global Issues

Environmental Management System (EMS)

Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S)

Global Worming Warming Accident

Acid Rain Occupational Health Hazard

Ozone Depletion Lost Time

Depletion of Water resources Unrest

Deforestation

Causes of Acid Rain

• Burning coal. Oil and natural gas in power stations makes electricity, giving off sulphur dioxide (SOX) gas.

• Burning petrol and oil in vehicle

engines gives off nitrogen oxides (NOX) as gases.

• These gases mix with water vapour

and rainwater in the atmosphere producing weak solutions of sulphuric and nitric acids – which fall as acid rain.

Effects of Acid Rain

• Damage the buildings, statues

• Destroy marble and metals

• Causes human respiratory (laugh) diseases

• Increases the acidity of soil

• Induce the release of aluminum ions from soil elements.

• Acidify lakes

Sandstone portal Figure on Herten Castle in Ruhr district of Germany.

Effect of Acid Rain

1908 1969

So what could we do

Technological innovations to reduce SOX and NOX emission from fossil fuel combustion .

Efficient use of energy (electricity). Carpool, use public transportation, or better yet, walk or bicycle whenever possible

Use alternative energy sources . Use energy efficient appliances: lighting, air conditioners, heaters, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. Only use electric appliances when you need them. Buy vehicles/ Machines with low NOX emissions, and maintain them well.

The ozone layer blocks 95-99% of the sun’s Ultraviolet Radiation

Ozone Hole on 11/8/08

Activity -Change over Years

Ozone Depletion Too much ultra-violet light can result in

Weakened Immune System. Reduced crop yield. Damages to marine ecosystem. Increase risk of non-melanoma and malignant melanoma skin cancer . Eye damage such as cataracts. Reduction in phytoplankton. Damage to the DNA in various life-forms .

this has been as observed in Antarctic ice-fish that lack pigments to shield them from the ultra-violet light (they've never needed them before).

Impacts on other animals

Reduces plankton population

Reduces penguin population

Reduces the percentage of hatching of frog eggs

Possible Solution

• all production and usage of CFC's (Chlorofluorocarbon) must be stopped.

• we should follow the Recycle, Reuse, Reduce, initiative to help control climate change which has a key part for the layer to recover. In addition, we should educate others and try to live lives with limited use of these chemicals.

Where is the water?

Earth is the “Water Planet”

70% of surface is water

97% by volume is salt water

-------undrinkable, not usable by most plants

3% fresh water

Competing water uses

How We Pollute the Water

• Point-source pollution: From a discrete location, like a factory or sewer pipe. Occurs when harmful chemicals are released into waterways .

• Nonpoint-source pollution: From many places spread over a large area, such as when snowmelt runoff picks up pollutants along its path.

A 2004 oil spill off the Alaskan coast

Effects of Deforestation

Loss of Biodiversity

Erosion of Soil

Disruption of the Water Cycle

Climate Change

Flooding and Drought

What Could we do ?

• Tree plantation .

• Go paperless.

• Recycle and buy recycled products.

• Eat vegetarian meals as often as possible.

Protecting the Environment is Everyone’s Job,

And So Is Maintaining

OOPSSS!!!

Management System

Management system means what the organization does to manage its processes, or activities in order that

its products or services meet the organization’s objectives, such as

satisfying the customer's quality requirements,

complying to regulations, or

meeting environmental objectives

Management System Standards

To be really efficient and effective, the organization can manage its way of doing things by systemizing it.

Nothing important is left out.

Everyone is clear about who is responsible for doing what, when, how, why and where.

Management system standards provide the organization with an international, state-of-the-art model to follow.

Birth Of EMS Standard

• September 1996- ISO 14001 EMS finalized

– "Environmental Management Systems- Specification With Guidance For Use"

• International Organization For Standardization

ISO 14001:2007 EMS

ISO 14001 gives the requirements for what the organization must do to manage processes affecting the impact of its activities on the environment.

ISO 14001 concern the way an organization goes about its work.

It is not a product standards.

It is a Service Standards.

It is a process standards.

It can be used by both Product manufacturer and service providers.

Facility-wide

Department by Department

A B C

Departments

Core of the EMS

Review Legal and Other Requirements

Aspects Legal Requirements

Evaluate for Significance

Regulated

Potential Release

Energy and Business Plan

Env. Load

Significant Aspects

Not Significant

Categorize Objectives and Targets

Develop Environmental Management Programs “Project Plan”

Core of the EMS Develop Procedures and Work Practices

l Tasks, Responsible Parties, Time Frames

l Operational Controls l Monitoring and Measurement

EMP’s

Procedures

Work Prt.1 Work Prt.2 Work Prt.3

Objectives and Targets Environmental Management Programs

Procedures/Work Practices

Control/ Maintain (Regulatory Compliance)

Improvement (Energy Reduction)

Study (Feasibility Study)

Significant Aspects

Definitions

EMS

System to implement an organization’s environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects.

Environment

• Surroundings in which an organization operates (air, water, land, natural

resources, flora/fauna, humans and their interrelation…)

Environmental Aspect

• Element of an organization’s activities or products or services that can

interact with the environment.

Environmental Impact

• Any change to the environment, whether negative or positive, in whole or

partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects.

Activity Aspects Impacts

Use of

computer

Consumption of

Electricity & Human energy

Depletion of

energy resources &

Physical damage

A significant

environmental

aspect is an

environmental

aspect that has

or can have a

significant

environmental

impact…….

OHSAS 18001

OHSAS 18001 is an international standard which specifies requirements for a Health & Safety Management System.

Produced in 1999. Became Standard in 2007

Specification produced by several organisations (both from the UK and internationally) led by the BSI.

The management system model used in OHSAS 18001 is aligned with ISO 14001 standard sections.

OK!!2 in 1

Hazard – Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage to the workplace environment, or a combination of these. Safety – Freedom from unacceptable risk of harm Risk – Combination of the likelihood and consequences of a specified hazardous event occurring. Risk Assessment – Overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk and deciding whether or not the risk is tolerable. Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control – HIRA - RC – Ranked based on frequency and severity. – For those with High Risk, develop targets, objectives and management programs to reduce risk and develop controls. Examples – H&S – Chemical exposure, Pinch Points, Lifting Devices, Confined Space, Electrical

Deming Cycle

ISO 14001 EMS & OHSAS 18001 Model

4.5.1 Monitoring & Measurement 4.5.2 Preventive & Corrective Action 4.5.3 Records 4.5.4 EMS Audit

4.4.1 Resources, Roles, responsibility and authority 4.4.2 Competence, Training & Awareness 4.4.3 Communication 4.4.4 Documentation 4.4.5 Document Control 4.4.6 Operational Control 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness

4.2 Define Policy

4.3.1 Identify Aspects / haza

4.3.2 Legal Requirements 4.3.3 Identify Objectives Targets and Programs

4.4 Implementation and Operation

4.5 Checking

4.6 Management Review

3.2 Continual Improvement

3.18 Prevention of Pollution

Products, Services, and

Activities

P D C A

System Documents

SYSTEM PROCEDURES OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES WORK PRACTICES

POLICY ASPECTS OBJ. & TARGETS PROGRAMS

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

TRAINING MATRIX MASTER DOCUMENT LIST MASTER RECORDS LIST

4.1 General Requirements 4.2 Policy

We must have to have an Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety Policy which must

have to describe our overall Approach and Intentions towards the Environment And Health And

Safety . And the Policy must have to :

1. Be Appropriate to the nature, scale, and environmental impacts of the organization activities,

goods produced and organization’s OH&S Risk.

2. Must have to be Approved by the Top Management.

3. Include a Commitment to continual improvement , prevention of pollution and prevention of

injury and ill health and continual improvement in Environmental/OH&S management and

performance.

4. Include a Commitment to relevant Legal requirements.

5. Provide a framework for setting and reviewing Environmental / OH&S Objectives and Targets.

6. Be Documented, Implemented and Maintained, and Communicated to all employees (also

contractors).

7. Be Available to the public.

4.3 Planning

4.3.1 Environmental Aspect/ Hazard Identification ,Risk Assessment(HIRA) and Determining Control

Planning Inputs

1. Environmental Aspect (4.3.1)

2. Hazard identification (4.3.1)

3. Risk assessment (4.3.1)

4. Meets legal and other requirements (4.3.2)

Planning Outputs

1. Risk control measures (4.3.1)

2. EMS/ OH&S Objectives (4.3.3)

3. EMS/OH&S management programme (4.3.4)

Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment ( HIRA )

Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment ( HIRA )

Environment Aspect Impact Assessment

Environment Aspect Impact Assessment

4.3 Planning

We must have to ensure that the results of these assessments are considered when determining controls. When determining controls, or considering changes to existing controls, consideration shall be given to reducing the risks according to the following hierarchy:

Aspect Categories

• Material use

• Air emissions

• Water use

• Energy use

• Storm water discharges

• Storage tanks

• Wastewater discharges

• Solid & liquid waste

• Noise

• Odor

• Natural environment

• Land condition

4.3 Planning Process

Identify Activities, Product

and Service

Identification of

Environmental Aspects and

Impacts, Hazard & Risk Assessment

Determining priority of the Aspects

Determining Legal and Other Requirements

Establishing Objectives and Targets

Develop Environmental / OH&S

management program

4.3.2 Legal and other requirements

We must have to have a procedure that explains how the organization obtains information regarding its legal and other requirements, and makes that information known to key functions within the organization. The intent of this element is to identify the environmental legal and other requirements that relate to our operations and activities so that we can ensure that we have taken it into account in the EMS. In doing so, the organization must also determine how these requirements apply to the significant aspects.

ISO 14001 EMS BS 18001 OHSAS

1. Air Consent 2. Water Consent. 3. Hazardous waste Consent. 4. Boiler Certificates. 5. License to operate DG set. 6. Related Health And Safety Requirements . 7. Factory license . 8. Stability certificate. 9. Noise limit regulation.

1. Agreements with public Authorities. 2. Agreements with Customers. 3. Non Regulatory Guidelines. 4. Voluntary principles or Code of practice . 5. Requirements of Trade Associates. 6. Agreements with Community Group or

Non Government Organizations. 7. Corporate/ Company Requirements.

List Of Legal Requirements

4.3.3 Objectives, Targets And Program(s)

While establishing and maintaining Objectives, Targets and Programs we Must have to consider:

Legal & other requirements.

Significant Environmental Aspects/ Occupational Hazards .

Technological options.

Financial and operational requirements.

Views of interested parties.

The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the Environmental Policy, including the commitment to prevent Pollution & Accidents.

Environmental / OHSAS Management Programs

An EMS/OH&S Program is an action plan to specify:

How objectives and targets will be accomplished.

Who is responsible for achieving them.

Who will manage and supervise the activities.

Who will carry out the work.

What they will do.

What resources are needed (people, skills, equipment, time, money)

When the tasks will be completed (a schedule)

4 3 2 1

Environmental / OHSAS Management Programs

Specific

Measurable

Achievable

Realistic

Time bound

Setting targets and objectives

Targets

Must

Be

Implementation and Operation

Structure and Responsibility

Training, Awareness and

Competence

Document Control

EMS/OH&S Documentation

Emergency preparedness and response

Communication

Operational Control

Organization & Accountability

Capabilities & Communications

Controls

4.4 Implementation and operation 4.4.1 Resources, Roles, Responsibility, Accountability and

Authority

Management must have to ensure :

Provision of all resources.

o Specialised skills

o Technology

o Financial resources

Roles, responsibility & authorities Must have to be defined, documented & communicated.

Management must have to appoint a representative for implementation .

And the Managers must have to demonstrate commitment to continual improvement by reviewing all the reports all operational performances/effects of the EMS & OHSAS Management system.

4.4.2 Competence, Training and Awareness

We must have to have a training procedure. And it must have to include the suppliers as well who have significant influence on the EMS & OHSAS system . We must have to determine and record the educational requirements and the competence level of the personals who are included and will be included.

We must have to Ensure employee awareness and competence with records by taking into account differing levels of:

– Responsibility

– Ability

– Literacy

– Aspects/Hazard/Risk

Most of required training driven by regulation.

We must have to have a training record

4.4.3 Communication, Participation and Consultation 4.4.3.1 Communication

4.4.3 Communication

With regard to our environmental and OH&S aspects and management system, we must have to establish implement and maintain Procedures for

Internal communication between the various levels and functions of the organization.

a) HIRA & determining Control.

b) Incident Investigation.

c) Development and review of OH&S policies and Objectives .

Receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication from external interested parties.

And we must have to determine & Established proper methods of communication.

Appropriate communication processes must has to be established and carried out within the organization regarding the effectiveness of the system

Management

Lateral

Operations

UP DOWN

Complaints / Queries Interested Parties

External Communication

4.4.3.2 Participation and Consultation ( OHSAS )

We must have to establish, implement and maintain a Procedure to involve the workers in :

HIRA and determining Control.

Incident investigation.

Development and review of OHSAS policy and objectives.

Information regarding participation arrangements.

We must have to have a Safety committee/ Suggestion Boxes

where there are any changes:

Consultation with internal and external parties must have to be involved

4.4.4 Documentation

SL` Procedure Standard Clause EMS 14001 OHSAS 18001

1 Aspect procedure 4.3.1

2 procedure For Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment -- HIRA 4.3.1

3 Legal And Other Requirements Procedure 4.3.2

4 Procedure for competence Training and Awareness 4.4.3

5 Procedure For Communication 4.4.3

6 Procedure for Participation and communication 4.4.3.2

7 Procedure For Control Of Documents 4.4.5

8 Operational Control Procedure 4.4.6

9 Procedure For Emergency preparedness and Response 4.4.7

10 Monitoring and Measurement Procedure 4.5.1

11 Procedure for Evaluation of Compliance 4.5.2

12 Incident investigation procedure 4.5.3.1

13 Procedure for NC/ CA / PA 4.5.3 / 4.5.5.2

14 Procedure for Control of Documents 4.5.4

15 Procedure for Internal Audit 4.5.5

4.4.4 Documentation

SL Documents Clause EMS OHSAS SL Documents Clause EMS OHSAS

1 Policy 4.2 11 Agenda/ Attendance of meeting/ Meeting minutes

2 Aspect / Impact Register 4.3.1 12 List of documents 4.4.4

3 HIRA 4.3.1 13 List od External Origin Documents 4.4.5

4 All legal requirements 3.2 14 List of OC/ Procedures 4.4.6

5 Objectives And Targets / Program

4.3.3 15 Mog Drill Records 4.5.1

6 Resources, Role, Responsibility, Authority

4.4.1 16 Monitoring Records 4.5.1

7 Competence Methods 4.4.2 17 Compliance Evaluation reports 4.5.2

8 Training plan Identification / Training Plan /Training Records/ effective evaluation of Training

4.4.2 18 Incident register 4.5.3.1

9 Communication Record / Register

4.4.3 19 All NC/CA/PA ( reports ) 4.5.5

10 Safety committee Meeting 4.4.3.2 20 Internal Audit records 4.5.5

21 Management Review Minutes /and records

4.6

Control of Documents

Control the documents required by the EMS and OHSAS . Records are a special type of document and must be controlled as required by the standards

Establish a documented procedure to:

1) Approve documents for adequacy prior to issue.

2) Review, update as necessary, and re‐approve documents.

3) Identify the changes and current document revision status.

4) Make relevant documents available at points of use.

5) Ensure the documents remain legible and readily identifiable.

6) Identify external documents and control their distribution.

7) Prevent obsolete documents from unintended use.

8) Apply suitable identification if obsolete documents are retained.

Procedure

WI

WI

WI

Define needed Documents

Develop Documents

Review & Approve Prior to use

Issue to point of use

Update Documents

Identify if retimed

Changes ?

Obsolete?

Prevent unintended use

Ensure that document is and remains legible and readily Identifiable

General Rules The right document must be

available at the right time in the right place

Yes

Yes

No

Identify revision status

Control “ Externally” Generated Documents too

( Permits and licenses)

Document versus Records

Documents Records

Describes how things are going to be done Describes how things have been done / performed

Can be revised Con not be changed

Example : policy/ Procedure / work instruction

Example : Monitoring records/ Obsolete documents

4.4.6 Operation control

We must have to establish and maintain arrangements to ensure that all operations and activities are carried out effectively and safely. We must :

Plan to control operations and activities associated with identified Environmental risks and any health and safety objectives

Procedures where required which required operating criteria

Procedures related to risks of goods and services and for communication with suppliers

Procedures for workplace and process design in order to eliminate or reduce risks at source

We must also plan and prepare for all foreseeable accident, incident and emergency situations

Type of operational controls :

SOP Preventive maintenance

Contract language OCP for hazardous tasks

Singe OCP for hazardous materials

Log book LOTO TO

Check lists

4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response

We must have to have a Procedure in place to:

1) Identify the Potential emergency situations,

2) Respond to those actual emergency situations / incident / accident .

2) Preventing and Mitigating the environmental impacts , likely illness and injury that may be associated with them.

3) Where necessary it must have to be Reviewed particularly after an emergency situation / incidents.

4) We must have to periodically test the procedure where practicable.

5) Where necessary external service provider must have to be involved.

6) Personnel should be trained to response to the emergency situations

4.5 Checking

CHECKING

N.C C.A P.A

Control of

Records

Monitoring and Measurements

Evaluation of Compliance

Internal EMS & OHSAS

Audit

4.5.1 Monitoring and Measurement

We must have to establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) to monitor and measure, on a regular basis, the key characteristics of our operations that can have a significant environmental and OH&S impact.

1) Procedures should be in place to monitor how well H&S objectives are met

2) Proactive (compliance with law, man sys etc.)

3) Reactive (accident, ill health etc.)

4) Equipments required for monitoring should be maintained and calibrated.

5) Operation control .

6) Inspection .

7) Root cause analysis

4.5.2 Evaluation of Compliance

We must have to have a procedure to :

1. Periodically evaluate compliance with applicable legal requirements.

2. Also evaluate compliance with other requirements.

3. Keep records of such evaluations.

Evaluation of compliance ----- Inputs :

1. Audits .

2. The results of regulatory inspection.

3. Analysis of legal ad other requirements.

4. Review of documents and / or records of incidents .

5. Risk assessment.

6. Facility inspection.

7. Facility tour and /or direct observation.

8. Interviews.

9. Project or work review.

10. Analysis of the test results from monitoring and testing.

4.5.3 Non-conformity, Corrective Action and Preventive Action

We must have to have a procedure to

1. Define responsibility and authority for handling and investigating nonconformance, taking action to mitigate any impacts caused, and for initiating and completing corrective and preventive action.

2. And the corrective or preventive action taken to eliminate the causes of actual and potential nonconformance's must have to be appropriate to the magnitude of problems and adequate with the environmental impact encountered.

3. Investigating nonconformity(ies), determining their cause(s) and taking actions in order to avoid their recurrence.

4. Recording the results of corrective action(s) and preventive action(s) taken, and

5. reviewing the effectiveness of corrective action(s) and preventive action(s) taken

4.5.3.1 Incident Investigation ( OHSAS )

We must have to establish implement and maintain a procedure to record, investigate and analysis incidents in order to :

1) Determine the factors contributing to incidents.

2) Identify corrective action and the opportunities for preventive actions.

3) identify opportunities for continual improvement.

4) perform investigation in timely manner.

5) Communicating the results of the investigation.

4.5.4 Control of Records

We must have to establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s) for :

1) Identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention and disposal of all records.

2) Establishing and maintaining records as necessary to demonstrate conformity to the requirements of EMS and OHSAS and of the International Standards.

Records Must have to remain legible, readily identifiable, and retrievable

4.5.5 Internal EMS / OHSAS Audits

To ensure the effectiveness of the EMS / OHSAS we must have to plan, establish, implement and maintain specific internal audits (Program) in a planned interval based on the severity . We must:

1) Consider the status and importance of the audited areas.

3) Consider the results of prior audits.

4) Define the audit criteria, scope, frequency, and methods.

5) Select and use impartial and objective auditors (not audit their own work).

Establishing a documented procedure to address responsibilities and requirements to:

1) Plan audits and conduct audits.

2) Establish records and report results.

3) Maintain records of the audits and their results.

We must have to ensure management (Plant in charge) of the audited areas takes actions without undue delay to eliminate detected non conformities and their causes. Verify through follow‐up actions the implementation of the action and report the results.

4.6 Management Review

Our top management must have to review the EMS AND OHSAS System regularly in a planned interval to :

a) Ensure suitable, adequate, and effective systems.

b) Assess possible opportunities for improvement.

c) Evaluate the need for any changes to the system.

d) Consider the need for changes to the EMS and OHSAS policy and objectives/ Targets

All outputs of the management reviews must have to be recorded and maintained as well .

Policy

Management Review

Implementation and Operation

Checking and Corrective Action

Planning

Spread the word! Tell other people things, that they can do to help prevent global warming.

- Remember -- Every person makes a difference!

Presented by : Mohammed Enamul Kabir