CITIZENS FOR AFFORDABLE ENERGY: AN OVERVIEW

A History of Energy, CFAE Background, and a 21st Century Energy Plan

Section I

A Short History of Energy in the United States

175217481600s

BenjaminFranklin discovers lightning is electricity

Commercial production of coal begins in the U.S. near Richmond, Virginia

Late 1700s

Colonial America utilizes wood, coal, candles and whale oil. Wood is the most popular source of heat for homes into the late 1800s

The transition from wood to coal steam fuels the Industrial Revolution

1850s18211800s

Kerosene from petroleum steadily replaces whale oil as the chief illuminant in lamps. Some species of whale are hunted almost to extinction

Michael Faraday creates the first electric motor

Coal becomes the fuel of choice. It powers the railway system and fuels steam engines

1859

Edwin L. Drake drilled the world’s first oil well and launches the modern petroleum industry

189118821880

First windmill for power generation

Thomas Edison produces the first successful light bulb

1908

Henry Ford introduces the first successful mass production car

The Nation’s first coal-fired electric generating station opens in New York City

19151912 1941

A liquefied natural gas plant opens in West Virginia

The first petroleum refinery opens in California

A liquefaction plant for LNG opens in Cleveland, Ohio

1950s

Cars ownership expands; induced by interstate highwaysPhotovoltaic cells are invented (solar)

1970s1957 1979

The first nuclear power plant opens in the U.S.

Biofuels emerge as an alternative to oil; first Arab oil embargo 1973

A revolution in Iran leads to oil crisis

1980s

Three-mile island (largest nuclear accident in the U.S.)

Nuclear energy replaces hydropower as the second largest source of electricity in the U.S.

1986

Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster (considered the worst nuclear accident in history)

200720052000s1996

Price of natural gas hits a record high

Dramatic expansion of hydraulic fracking

Wind, solar, and biofuel develop-ments gain steam

The “Watts Bar” Plant, in Tennessee, is the last nuclear power plant to go online

70s, 80s, 90s, 00s

The system ages and the nation becomes oil import dependent

2011201120102008

Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes and results in largest U.S. oil spill ever

Worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl follows an earthquake and tsunami at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan

The average price of gasoline again nears $4/gallon

Price of crude oil hits record high of $147/barrel

• The Nation watches as the system ages with no plan for the future• The older the system, the

higher the risk of breakdown, endangering people and the environment

• The 21st century warrants an update and an upgrade• Robust energy supplies and

latest technologies provide unlimited opportunity for more sustainable, affordable energy

Today’s Energy System Is Aging Rapidly

• 20 million barrels of oil = 10,000 gallons per second

• 60 billion cubic feet of natural gas– Enough cubic feet to cover the distance from the Earth to

moon and back 25x a day

• A train car load of coal every 3 seconds (1200/hr)– 1200 railroad cars an hour = 28,000 railroad cars of

coal every day

• 600+ coal plants, average age: 39, design life 50• 104 nuclear plants, average age: 30+, design life 40 • Over 15000 wind turbines, less than 1% of supply• 1000s of acres of solar panels, less than 1% of supply

The Nation’s Daily Energy Demand

• Coal • Natural gas • Wind• Solar• Nuclear• Hydropower

Average Price of Electricity

Section II

Citizens for Affordable Energy (CFAE):An Overview

Energy must be nonpartisan and non-political:

• Available, so the Nation is secure

• Affordable, so the Nation is competitive; so lifestyles endure

• Sustainable, so future generations are protected

CFAE’s Believes

More Energy from All Sources

More Technolo

gy for Efficiency

More Environm

ental Protection

More Infrastruc

ture

CFAE: Four Mores

More Energy from All Sources

More Technolo

gy for Efficiency

More Environm

ental Protection

More Infrastruc

ture

CFAE: Four Mores

• Hydropower• Geothermal• Solar• Wind• Hydrogen

• Energy efficient homes and buildings

• More efficient use of land

• Energy efficient cars, equipment

• Oil• Coal• Gas• Nuclear• Biofuels

• Manage water, gaseous waste

• Utilize clean technology

• Capture, treat and store emissions

• New legal governance

• More, new energy infrastructure

What is CFA

• Commit to affordable, sustainable energy for all consumers, always

• Explain comprehensive energy, environmental solutions for national security and competiveness

• Educate general public, government, corporate and NGO officials and staff

• Engage all citizens through social media• Support energy from all sources, environmental

protection, and technology to increase efficiency• Support infrastructure to move energy from

producers to consumers• Activate informed citizens to influence policy

CFAE: Education for All

• Become informed about energy and environmental basics through reading, websites, webinars, discussions

• Share Four Mores information with family, friends and community through personal engagement and outreach

• Become a CFAE Ambassador, equipped and committed to educate others

• Start a Voluntary Association of friends and colleagues to expand outreach potential and opportunities to engage

• Maintain non-partisan commitment to education• Solicit funding support from consumer companies, individuals

What CFAE and You Can Do

What CFAE Does Not Do

• Lobby for specific legislation • Serve or support partisan

party positions or initiatives• Promote ideology of any

political party• Accept financial support from

energy producers• Limit technology or sources

of energy• Limit supply or demand• Align with narrow special

interests• Make political contributions

CFAE and Public Policy

• The future of energy is dependent on sound public policy– Individuals have to inform officials about public

policy needs at the local, state and federal level• The energy supply system is fragmented, competitive

and commercial– Policy needs to be comprehensive, systemic and

holistic• The history of public policy has been fragmented,

combative and special interest driven– Future public policy should serve the general

public while remaining commercially supplied

Failure to Produce Comprehensive Public Policy in the United States

Section III

The Perversity of Partisanship

• The last 40 years have seen continuous public policy failure:– 8 Presidents and 19 Congresses have failed at

the national level– State programs are all over the map– Local programs are sporadic and often

unachievable

• CFAE believes sustainable and affordable energy is possible through:

– An informed citizenry– Emphasis on

planning and execution of the plan

– Significant change over in federal governance

Addressing Public Policy Failures

• Energy policy needs to incorporate the four mores: supply, infrastructure, environmental protection, technology

• Public policy requires plans at the local, state and federal levels:– Short-term: 0 - 10 years– Medium-term: 10 - 25 years– Long-term: 25 - 50 years

• Public policy has to overcome political time priorities (2 and 4 year electoral politics)

• Public policy needs to eliminate partisanship outside the public interest

• Public policy has to rise above special interest to achieve general interest

Towards Sound Public Policy

An Energy System for the 21st Century and New Federal Governance

Section IV

The First More: More Energy From All Sources

• Oil• Coal• Gas• Nuclear• Biofuels

• Hydropower• Geothermal• Solar• Wind• Hydrogen

The Second More: More Technology For Efficiency

• The most affordable energy is the energy we never use

– When efficiency in the use of energy means that we use less, we save the costs of what we don't use.

– We also defer the availability of that energy to the future.

• The most effective conservation that we could ever consider is that of adopting efficient technology in all of our devices, homes, vehicles and behavior patterns of energy use.

• There is essentially no limit to the potential for energy conservation and energy savings through technology and innovation

The Third More: More Environmental Protection for Land, Water and Air

• Energy and the environment present ongoing and sustained challenges to producers, transporters and consumers

– Some forms of energy are produced from the destruction of molecules. Thus there are environmental impact issues to be dealt with. Other forms of energy require infrastructure that impacts the landscape. Still other forms dam rivers or create nuclear waste.

– As the future unfolds every so-called "clean" or "green" form of energy also has environmental consequences of one form or another

• We believe that technology and regulation can go a long way to controlling, reducing and even capturing and storing emissions

• Volunteerism is noble, but not enough

The Fourth More: More Infrastructure

• Energy is produced where it is most efficient to produce it

– Most times that means it is a long way from the consumer

– While oil, gas and coal can be transported, most people prefer not to live right next door to the production facilities

• Infrastructure is the term that refers to the structures that move energy from where it is produced to where it is consumed

– Infrastructure exists in many forms. It includes platforms to drill and produce oil and gas, coal mines, pipelines, rail lines and rail yards, transformers, poles and lines, ethanol distilleries, wind farms, liquefied natural gas re-gasification terminals, hydro-electric dams, nuclear plants, and the so-called “green spaces” that often surround critical infrastructure

(Proposed) Federal Energy Resources Act

• In the face of failure, politics as usual will not deliver the 21st century energy system

• Drawing from history, the Nation needs an Independent Energy Regulatory Commission

• The Commission works for the citizens, not for the politicians

Four specific authorities are granted in the law: 1. More supply from all sources

2. More technology to deliver efficiency

3. More environmental protection for land, water and air

4. More infrastructure to deliver energy

(Proposed) Federal Energy Resources Act

• Establishment of an independent regulatory model for energy governance which includes federal legislation passed by Congress and signed by the President to establish:

– An independent board of governors– Eight regional boards of governors

• Governors are subject matter experts in energy, science, technology, consumerism, environment, business and finance

– Governor terms are 14 years

(Proposed) Federal Energy Resources Act

• Regional Boards work with states to enable state planning and regional integration

• In like manner, state agencies work with local governments on local planning and integration

• Companies do what they've always done: produce energy and equipment, and build infrastructure while protecting the environment

• Citizen activation is a critical path to success

Roles Under The (Proposed) Federal Energy Resources Act

Mobilizing for Action: What Can You Do?

Section V

• Start/Join a Local Chapter: http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/

• Submit articles of interest on all kinds of energy to us• Become a CFAE Ambassador• Speak to classes and groups• Inform your friends and followers about CFAE on Facebook

and Twitter! Blog on Facebook and Twitter• Use our fun game to get kids excited about affordable energy

choices

Get Involved and Shape Future Energy Policy

http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/

Become An Informed Energy Citizen: Read And Spread the Word

http://www.citizensforaffordableenergy.org/

Become An Informed Energy Citizen: Read And Spread the Word