14-10-20037y710-air: j.e.m.h. van bronswijk1 health risks from the air opportunities & problems
TRANSCRIPT
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 1
Health risks from the airHealth risks from the air
Opportunities & Problems
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 2
Air is LifeAir is Life
Death occurs after a few minutes without oxygen
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 3
Indoor AirIndoor Air
• Perishable Commodity (< 24 Hours)
• Remove and replenish constantly
• Intelligent Control (Smart Buildings / Domotics /
Ambient Intelligence)
• Bio-film development on Surfaces (commonly also inhabited by mites and insects)
• Beware of Biowar!
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 4
COCO22 as a pollution marker as a pollution marker
Pollutants in the Indoor AirPollutants in the Indoor Air
340 ppm Outdoor value340 ppm Outdoor value
700 ppm Airway irritation in Chronic Lung Patients700 ppm Airway irritation in Chronic Lung Patients
1000 ppm Airway irritation in most persons1000 ppm Airway irritation in most persons
1200 ppm Hygienic limit in Netherlands Schools1200 ppm Hygienic limit in Netherlands Schools
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 6
ATOPIC ECZEMA
RHINO-CONJUNCTIVITIS
ASTHMA
SOME ATOPIC DISEASES
JEMH van Bronswijk 18 augustus 1992
(300 diagnoses of 196 patients = 40% overlap in each combination)
: 108 persons have one disease (36 x eczeema, 36 x hay fever, 36 x asthma); 72 persons have two diseases (24 x eczema + asthma; 24 x eczema + Hay fever; 24 x hay fever + asthma); 16 persons have three diseases (eczema + hay fever + eczema)
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 7
Ventilation & Loss of HealthVentilation & Loss of Health
Source: LGH Koren, CEE Pernot, JEMH van Bronswijk. Gezondheidsrisico’s van ventilatiesystemen in woningen.
TU/e, NOVEM, July 30, 2001
Loss of Healthy Years in the Netherlands / Million Inhabitants in 1994
TotalAttributable to Indoor Air Quality
n %
Atopic Diseases 1,9811,981 1,5851,585 8080
Chronic bronchitis & Lung Emphysema 9,2049,204 2,7612,761 3030
Lung Cancer 8,0378,037 922922 1212
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 11
Source: JEMH van Bronswijk, G Pauli (eds) 1996. An update on long-lasting mite
avoidance. GuT, Aachen. ISBN 3-00-000896-9
-11 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 90
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Mean outdoor January temperature in C
Noxious house-dust mite (allergen) concentrationsin 1193 carpet dust samples from 28 European locations
(logistic regression analysis; 73% of data predicted by model; p<0.00005)
0.2
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 12
The 6 Global The 6 Global Risk AreasRisk Areas
for mite growth and survival for mite growth and survival in carpeting of well in carpeting of well ventilated and heated roomsventilated and heated rooms
1. No survival
2. Survival on poorly insulated ground floors
3. Survival on all floors
4. Growth on poorly insulated ground floors
5. Growth on most floors
6. Growth on all floors
1.2.3.4.5.6.
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 13
JEMH van Bronswijk, 17-04-94
Distribution of West-European Climate over the Globe
Source: JEMH van Bronswijk, HSM Kort, LGH Koren, AMT van Nes, MCL Snijders1994. Allergen Avoidance in the Dwelling Environment. Blz. 83-98, in: Eczema and the Environment. JEMH van Bronswijk, H Baart de la Faille, CAFM Bruijn- zeel-Koomen (red). Department of Dermatology, Utrecht University, Utrecht.
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 14
Healthy and Sustainable BuildingHealthy and Sustainable Building
Healthy Indoor AirHealthy Indoor Air
Disease Risks:- Asthma & other allergic disease
- COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
- Lung Cancer
- Veteran’s Disease / SARS (aerosols)
Prevention:- Keep CO2-concentration below 700 ppm
- Harmonize pollutant production with ventilation intensity
- Keep RH below 55% for at least 3 consecutive months/year
- Use emission-low finishing materials
- Prevent aerosol-formation and beware of fibres floating in the air
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 16
Anthrax at WorkAnthrax at Work
Purple chain of APurple chain of Anthrax bacterianthrax bacteria © C. James Webb, 1994© C. James Webb, 1994
http://www.accessexcellence.com/WN/SUA12/anthrax298.htmlhttp://www.accessexcellence.com/WN/SUA12/anthrax298.html
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 17
Safety PlanSafety Plan
- Safety analysis of potable water supply, air Safety analysis of potable water supply, air exchange, and sewage disposalexchange, and sewage disposal
- Attack safety leaks (Design & Maintenance)Attack safety leaks (Design & Maintenance)- Fast Biosensors with 24-Hour monitoringFast Biosensors with 24-Hour monitoring- Double SystemsDouble Systems
14-10-2003 7y710-Air: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk 18
Anti-Bioterrorism ActivitiesAnti-Bioterrorism Activities(near Future)(near Future)
- Design for safetyDesign for safety
- Security analysis of designSecurity analysis of design
- ‘ ‘Embedded’ safety systems Embedded’ safety systems - Biosensor-update Biosensor-update
SubscriptionSubscription Biochip with built-in Biochip with built-in
telemetric facilitiestelemetric facilities
http://ws351.uncc.edu/tpw/bio/bchip.htm