Cape Town Global CongressDecember 2013

Delia BrowneNational Copyright Director

National Copyright Unit

!http://www.flickr.com/photos/opensourceway/4378920267/

Slides available @ http://www.slideshare.net/nationalcopyrightunit/

This work is licensed under the CC Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Australia License (unless otherwise noted)

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/au/

“Nearly one-third of the world’s population (29.3%) is under 15. Today there are 158 million people enrolled in tertiary education1. Projections suggest that that participation will peak at 263 million2 in 2025. Accommodating the additional 105 million students would require more than four major universities (30,000 students) to open every week for the next fifteen years.

1 ISCED levels 5 & 6 UNESCO Institute of Statistics figures2 British Council and IDP Australia projections CC BY – C Green 2007

Open

Educational

Resources

OER are teaching, learning, and research materials in any medium that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open licence that permits their free use and re-purposing by

others.

CC BY – C Green 2007

6

OER: Fundamental Values

–Resources are free for any individual to use

–Are licensed for unrestricted distribution

–Possibility of adaptation, translation, re-mix, and improvement.

7

OER in a nutshellOER is about creating repositories of

material which are free to:

AccessUse

ModifyShare

8

OER in a nutshell

You can do more with OER as compared with 'traditional'

copyright material

10

Compliance and Cost Issues

• New technologies facilitate access to and storage and sharing of copyright materials.

• This makes copyright a serious issue for the education sector as it must:

– Ensure systems, teachers and students comply with copyright law

– Manage increasing cost implications

• Eg schools paid c.$80m in 2010 for sector-wide licences (more on direct licences & own content)

11

Compliance and Cost Issues• Current to pay to copy/save freely and publicly

available internet content, under the compulsory statutory licence (CAL and Screenrights)

• Current sector-wide licences & statutory exceptions do not necessarily sit well with the current ICT use in education:

– content may not be modified

– content cannot be shared widely (eg with parents, community, other schools)

– Limit on how much you can copy/communicate

12

Website terms and conditions

Website terms and conditions can be unclear and confusing…or absent entirely

….meaning the intention of the website publisher with regards to educational use of

their site is unknown.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/kalexanderson/6051120264/

A simple, standardizedway to grant copyright

permissions to your creative work.

CC BY – C Green 2007

Attribution

Non-Commercial No Derivative Works

Share Alike

Step 1: Choose Conditions

CC BY – C Green 2007

Step 2: Receive a License

CC BY – C Green 2007

most free

least free

CC BY – Adapted from Green 2007

55 Jurisdictions Ported

CC BY – C Green 2007

Over 500 million items

CC BY – C Green 2007

CC BY – C Green 2007

175+ Million CC Licensed Photos on Flickr

2

2

UNESCO: http://www.moveoneinc.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/UNESCO.jpg

http://www.eifl.net/system/files/201106/oecd_text_20cm_hd_0.jpg

Global OER• UNESCO

• OECD

• Connexions

• MERLOT

• CK-12

• OER Africa

• OER Brazil

• OER Foundation

• Olnet Wikipedia

• Mozillla

• PIRGS

• OLI

• Universities and Community Colleges

• And many more

The Open

Community

is large,

passionate

and strong

26

Higher EdCC BY – C Green 2007

Higher Ed

Open-Source Textbook Initiatives

California: will determine the 50 most widely-taken lower-

division courses in the California higher-education system

and create textbooks for these courses that will be free in

digital form and in print for $20 or less.

British Columbia: will create 40 new online, open

textbooks for 40 popular post-secondary courses. The

open texts will be free to access and will be able to be

modified.

29

NEW HE Models are En Route

CC BY – C Green 2011

Government

CC BY – C Green 2011

Search and Discovery

No OER policyBut OER initiatives are emerging

organically

'Free for

(mostly ad hoc)

Education'

© 2011 Education Services Australia Limited

Some OER developments

OER in Australia: NDLRN

More than 12,000 digital curriculum resources

that are free for use in all Australian schools

Aligned to state and territory curriculums and are

progressively being aligned to the Australian

Curriculum as it develops

Made available to teachers through state and

territory portals or Scootle.

38

OER in Australia: NDLRN

Issue: most materials are provided free for educational

purposes, but are restricted to centralised, password-protected,

‘web portals’ maintained by the jurisdictions, and development

and re-use of the materials is limited

Adopting a CC licence for these materials will permit greater

access and use of the resources which will encourage innovation

Currently there are 1600 learning resources that have been

transitioned to a CC licence (with hopefully many more to come!)

and are available on Scootle.

39

NSW Dept of Education OER

40

WA Dept of Education OER

41

OER in

Australia

42

OER in Australia

43

UNESCO 2012 Paris OER Declaration

On June 22, 2012 the World OER Congress released the 2012 Paris

OER Declaration

The Declaration calls on governments to openly licence publicly

funded educational materials

Australia is a signatory

Signatories will foster research on the development, use and reuse of

OER and their impact on the quality and cost-efficiency of teaching

and learning.

The Congress featured presentations from key supporters of OERs

worldwide. • The President of the Harvard-MIT online learning system edX, announced his organization’s

goal of teaching one billion students through free and openly licensed versions of Harvard

and MIT classes.

• President and CEO of the Commonwealth of Learning based in Vancouver (Canada) said,

“OERs are an important milestone in democratizing education”.

44

Some PSI policies

Open Access in Australia

• AusGOAL, the Australian Governments Open Access

and Licensing Framework, provides support and

guidance to government and related sectors to facilitate

open access to publicly funded information.

• All jurisdictions in Australia have endorsed AusGOAL

through their Chief Information Officer. However all

jurisdictions are at different stages of maturity in their

implementation.

Jurisdictions

Queensland• The Queensland government has implemented its ‘open data revolution’ by launching their

Queensland Government Data website in early 2013. Each core departmental agency is to publish an open data strategy, including a roadmap to release datasets. Currently there are 587 datasets on the portal. The Queensland government has also modified their entire intellectual property (IP) policy and their Information access and use policy (IS33) to be AusGOAL centric.

New South Wales• Recently, the Minister for Finance and Services released the NSW government’s first Open

Data Policy. With this release, it was also announced that AusGOAL will be the framework and programme of choice for New South Wales whole of government licensing.

Victoria• Victoria’s open data access policy is AusGOAL centric, and the Victorian government has an

open data portal. However, the policy is yet to move into the information (as opposed to data) domain.

JurisdictionsTasmania• Tasmania has the Information Licensing Framework and has endorsed AusGOAL, but their

implementation maturity is low.

South Australia• South Australia’s Cabinet has approved AusGOAL, and their implementation maturity is well

advanced. In September of 2013, the South Australian Premier issued an Open Data Declaration, which requires all government agencies to ensure their data is publicly accessible. South Australia has also launched their Government Data Directory, which provides access to open government data as well as licensing their entire South Australian internet portal under a Creative Commons Attribution licence.

Western Australia• Western Australia as modified their IP Policy to be AusGOAL centric.

Northern Territory • The Northern Territory through their CIO has endorsed AusGOAL, but is yet to begin

implementation.

Jurisdictions

The Commonwealth

• The Commonwealth is on Principle 6 of the Office of the Australian Information Commissioner’s ‘Principles on Open Public Sector Information.’ These means the Commonwealth has: 1) successful implemented open access to public sector information as a default position; 2) engaged the community online in policy design and service delivery; 3) managed information as a core strategic asset; 4) robust information asset management; and 5) encourages sharing of public sector information by making it discoverable and useable by the community and other stakeholders.

• Furthermore the Attorney-General’s Department and the Department of Finance have endorsed AusGOAL; and the Bureau of Meteorology, Australian Bureaus of Statistics, Geoscience Australia, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare will all soon be licensing their material under a Creative Commons Attribution licence.

• Some Commonwealth material, such as QuickStats and the most recent Census data, is already being released under a Creative Commons Attribution licence.

• In addition to the above, AusGOAL is being endorsed in particular domains across jurisdictions. For example, the National Plan for Environmental Information has recommended AusGOAL to all of the jurisdictions for environmental information.

Digital

(it's big)

education

Time to extend to OER?

53

Open Education Resources

Some good OER sites include:

1. Curriki: http://www.curriki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome

2. OER Commons: www.oercommons.org/

3. Encyclopaedia of Life: www.eol.org/

4. Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network: www.ckan.net/

5. Connexions: www.cnx.org/

6. Teaching Ideas: www.teachingideas.co.uk/

The Smartcopying website lists Open Education Resources:

http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/936

54

Free for Education Initiatives

• A number of organisations have agreed to make their online material free for education:

– Enhance TV Website http://www.enhancetv.com.au

– Museum Victoria http://museumvictoria.com.au

– Cancer Council http://www.cancer.org.au/Home.htm

– World Vision http://www.worldvision.com.au

• Material available on these websites can be copied for ‘educational purposes’.

The Smartcopying website lists FFE websites:

http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go/pid/936

55

CC sites

• Encyclopedia – Wikipedia

• Photos - Flickr

• Videos - Blip.tv

• Music - Magnatune

• Sounds - Opsound

• Articles - Directory of Open Access Journals

• Remix community – ccMixter

• Everything else - Internet Archive

References • This presentation – http://www.slideshare.net/nationalcopyrightunit/

• Smartcopying website - http://www.smartcopying.edu.au/scw/go

• CC BY SA – C Green 2007 - http://www.slideshare.net/cgreen/sloan-the-

obviousness-of-open-policy

• Flickr images - http://www.flickr.com/

• CC in Australia - http://creativecommons.org.au/

• CC in Australian government -http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Australia