13 safety final - civiclive

13 SAFETY ELEMENT

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As required by State law, the Safety Element addresses the protection of the community from unreasonable risks from natural and human-made hazards. This Element provides information about these risks in Chino and establishes goals, objectives, policies, and actions to prepare and protect the community as much as possible from the effects of: ♦ Geologic hazards, including earthquakes, ground failure and subsidence

and slope instability ♦ Flooding and dam failure ♦ Wildland fires ♦ Hazardous materials and waste ♦ Airport operations ♦ Disaster and terrorism preparedness

Each section in this Element is addressed in three subsections:

♦ Background. Provides background information on each topic.

♦ Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions. Provides policy guidance to the City related to the topics covered in this Element.

♦ Indicators. Provides methods for evaluating progress for each topic cov-ered in this Element.

A. Geologic Hazards

1. Background Chino lies within the geologically active Southern California region, which is subject to earthquakes of varying magnitudes. In the last several decades, the region has experienced major earthquakes including the San Fernando quake of 1971 and the Northridge quake of 1994. Chino has not experienced any major damage from these earthquakes. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), there is one active fault in the Chino area: the Chino-Central Avenue Fault. The fault has two segments that run roughly south-east to north-west and are found on the

C I T Y O F C H I N O

G E N E R A L P L A N S A F E T Y E L E M E N T

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western edge of the City and just to the west in the City of Chino Hills, as shown in Figure SAF-1. The California Geological Survey (CGS) has developed a list of cities affected by surface fault ruptures referred to as the Alquist-Priolo earthquake fault zones, called for by the Alquist-Priolo Act passed in 1972. The Act prevents the construction of buildings on top of active faults. Chino is not found on the list because the CGS has determined that the Chino-Central Avenue Fault is sub-surface and does not represent a risk of ground rupture in the event of an earthquake. The Act only addresses the hazard of surface fault rupture and does not address other earthquake hazards such as ground shaking and land-slides. Despite the presence of faults in the City, no potential landslide areas are found in the City of Chino, or in the City’s SOI. Chino is situated on an alluvial fan of unconsolidated, coarse- to medium-grained soil. Groundwater levels in and around the City are shallow, gener-ally in the range of 30 to 500 feet below the surface. Due to Chino’s loosely compacted, silty, sandy alluvial soil and shallow groundwater, ground shaking and liquefaction would present the most significant hazards during a moder-ate-to-significant earthquake. Groundshaking causes liquefaction, a phenom-ena by which soil, due to saturation by ground water, assumes properties of a liquid, caused by groundshaking. Liquefaction causes shifting and settling of structural foundations, settling of roadways and rupture of underground pipes and cables. The unconsolidated nature of the soil would magnify ground shaking and present a hazard to the structural integrity of unreinforced masonry build-ings. The City of Chino has few remaining unreinforced masonry buildings. While the City has a variety of both old and new residential, commercial, and industrial development, the majority of Chino’s buildings are single-story wood frame homes which are considered earthquake resistant. The City has adopted the California Building Code (CBC), which outlines

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G E N E R A L P L A N

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A C T I V E F A U L T S

0 0.5 1 MilesSegments of the Chino-Central Avenue Fault

S A F E T Y E L E M E N T



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standards for seismic design, foundations and drainage, and requires that geo-technical engineering studies be undertaken for any development in areas where potentially serious geologic risks exist. Chino’s Local Hazard Mitigation Plan identifies earthquakes as the highest-priority risk among natural hazards facing Chino residents. Large earthquakes reoccur on the San Andreas fault, on average, about every 150 years. The last large quake on the southernmost section of this fault oc-curred in 1680; therefore, the likelihood of this portion of the fault erupting is extremely high. A moderate-to-severe earthquake in or near the City would likely result in fatalities, property damage, disruption of critical life-lines, including surface and rail transportation, rupture of water and gas lines, and power outages. 2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions

Goal SAF-1 Reduce the risk to the community from earth-quakes and other geologic hazards.

Objective SAF-1.1 Regulate land development to prevent geologic hazards.

Policies

P1. The City shall enforce the building codes adopted by the State of California in all new construction and renovations.

P2. The City shall rely on the most current and comprehensive geological hazard mapping available to assist in the evaluation of potential seismic hazards to proposed new development.

P3. Site-specific soils and/or geologic reports shall be required for development in areas where potentially serious geologic risks



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exist. These reports shall address the degree of hazard, design parameters for the project based on the hazard, and the appro-priate mitigation measures.

P4. The City shall work with utility providers to ensure that util-ity lines are designed to withstand seismic forces, are accessible for rapid repair, and are provided with safety features such as automatic shutoff valves, switches and expansion joints.

P5. The City shall consider utilizing redevelopment funds to help reconstruct or replace inadequate structures within redevel-opment areas.

3. Indicators The following trends are indicative of progress made in regards to the above policies. Each indicator is followed by the ideal direction of the trend.

♦ Number of known seismically unsafe buildings and structures: Direction: Decrease

B. Flooding and Dam Failure

1. Background The City of Chino is located at an elevation of 700 feet above sea level in the Chino Basin, a relatively flat area surrounded by hills and mountains. This location, in combination with flash-flood cycles common in the very dry Southern California region, has made the Chino area susceptible to flooding. There are two types of flood risks in Chino: flooding from local streams and creeks, and flooding associated with the Prado Dam, located to the southwest of Chino’s City limits. a. Local Flooding As shown in Figure SAF-2, the southwestern portion of the City is located within a 100-year floodplain, as defined by the Federal Emergency Manage-ment Agency (FEMA). This means that there is a 1 percent chance of

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Source: FEMA 2008.

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Chino City Boundary

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flooding in that location in any given year. In addition, certain portions of the City are located within the 500-year floodplain, meaning that there is a 0.2 percent chance of flooding in that location in any given year. Almost all portions of the City developed with residential and commercial uses are out-side the 100-year or 500-year floodplains. Serious flooding could result in the contamination of water supplies, electrical outages, and the closure of major transportation routes through the City. Some areas of Chino are prone to ponding due to the accumulation of debris in storm drains and in flood control channels and drainage systems. b. Prado Dam Flood Inundation Area The Prado Dam was completed in 1941 and is designed to provide flood con-trol for portions of Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. When constructed, the maximum reservoir water surface was 556 feet above sea level. The United States Army Corps of Engineers and Orange County Flood Control District (OCFD) are in the process of raising the height of the dam to allow a maximum reservoir water surface of 566 feet above sea level in order to accommodate additional flood control capacity for the region. Chino is located upstream of the dam, which creates a flood risk when the water levels rise to the top of the dam. When the raising of the dam is com-pleted, areas below the 566 foot flood inundation line will be subject to flood-ing. These areas are restricted to recreation, open space and resource man-agement uses. OCFD is in the process of acquiring through fee or flowage easement all of the remaining privately owned property below the 566-foot level for flood control purposes. Until the dam spillway is completed and the properties are acquired, the flood inundation level will remain at its current 556 foot level. Existing land uses below the 566-foot inundation line primar-ily include dairies, other agricultural uses, and vacant land, as well as Prado Park and the El Prado Golf Course. The ultimate Prado Dam inundation area is shown in Figure SAF-3, though the boundary is approximate. A de-tailed survey at a site-specific level would be utilized to determine which por-tions of a particular property are below the 566-foot level.

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566 foot Prado Dam Inundation Area

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2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions

Goal SAF-2 Reduce hazards related to flooding and inunda-tion.

Objective SAF-2.1 Minimize flood risks associated with de-velopment.

Policies

P1. The City shall not permit new development within the 100-year flood zone unless it can be shown that the development will not:

1. Create danger to life and property due to increased flood heights or velocities caused by excavation, fill, roads and intended use.

2. Create difficult emergency vehicle access in times of flood.

3. Create a safety hazard due to the unexpected heights ve-locity, duration, rate of rise and sediment transport of the flood waters at the site.

4. Create excessive costs in providing governmental services during and after flood conditions, including maintenance and repair of public facilities.

5. Interfere with the existing waterflow capacity of the floodway.

6. Substantially increase erosion and/or sedimentation.

7. Contribute to the deterioration of a watercourse or the quality of water in any body of water.

8. Require storage of material, or any substantial grading or placement of fill.



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9. Change the water storage/volume capacity of the flood basin.

P2. The City shall prevent the construction of flood barriers

within the 100-year flood zone which will divert flood water or increase flooding in other areas.

P3. The City shall refer any new development proposed within the flood plain to the United States Army Corp of Engineers for approval. Such approval will require, at a minimum, vol-ume offsets in order to maintain the existing storage capacity of the basin.

P4. The City shall not permit the construction of any habitable building with a finished floor height below 567 feet in eleva-tion within or adjacent to the dam inundation area.

Actions

A1. Annually review any new information available from the Fed-eral Emergency Management Agency and the State Depart-ment of Water Resources to determine if updated flood zone information is available.

Objective SAF-2.2 Minimize risks associated with the Prado Dam Inundation Area.

Policies

P1. The City shall continue to allow only those uses below the 566-foot flood inundation line that are approved by the Army Corps of Engineers.

3. Indicators None for this section.



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C. Wildland Fires

1. Background The risk of wildland fires is related to a combination of factors, including winds, temperatures, humidity levels and fuel moisture content. Of these four factors, wind is the most crucial. Steep slopes also contribute to fire haz-ard by intensifying the effects of wind and making fire suppression difficult. Chino’s flammable grassland, agricultural vegetation, and warm and dry sum-mers create a situation that results in potential wildland fires. Where there is easy human access to dry vegetation, fire hazards increase because of the greater chance of human carelessness. High hazard areas include outlying residential parcels and open lands adjacent to residential areas. To quantify this potential risk, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire) has developed a Fire Hazard Severity Scale that utilizes three criteria to evaluate and designate potential fire hazards in wild-land areas. The criteria are fuel loading (vegetation), fire weather (winds, temperatures, humidity levels and fuel moisture contents), and topography (degree of slope). There are no Very High Fire Hazard Severity zones within Local Responsibility Areas or State Responsibility Areas in the City. Cal Fire also maintains data regarding the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) fire threat. WUI data describe relative wildfire risk to areas of significant population density. Risk is expressed in terms of a “Threat to Community Areas” value, with potential values ranging from -14 (Little or No Threat to Community Areas with average density of one housing unit per 20 acres or less), to +44 (Extreme Threat to Community Areas with average density of one unit per acre or more). The southwest portions of the City are in the “Very High Threat to Community Areas” range and northwest portions of the City (primarily within the SOI) are in the “High Threat to Community Areas” range, as shown in Figure SAF-4. The rest of the City is within the “Moderate Threat to Community Areas” range. The City has not experienced damage from wildfires in the past. The major-ity of Chino’s facilities are not located near wildfire areas; however, the



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neighboring City of Chino Hills is prone to wildfires. This is illustrated in Figure SAF-4. 2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions See also the Public Facilities and Services Element for policies related to urban fire hazards.

Goal SAF-3 Protect lives and properties from wildland fire hazards.

Objective SAF-3.1 Plan new development with wildfire haz-ards in mind.

Policies

P1. The City shall require all development in areas of potential wildland fire hazards to include the following: ♦ Clearance around structures ♦ Fire-resistant ground cover ♦ Fire-resistant roofing materials

P2. The City shall incorporate drought-resistant and fire-resistant

plants in public works projects in areas subject to wildland fires.

3. Indicators None for this section.

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D. Hazardous Materials and Waste

1. Background Products as diverse as gasoline, paint solvents, film processing chemicals, household cleaning products, refrigerants and radioactive substances are cate-gorized as hazardous materials. What remains of a hazardous material after use or processing is considered to be a hazardous waste. Many businesses and residents in Chino use hazardous materials and generate some amount of hazardous waste. The most common hazardous wastes are generated by gasoline service stations, dry cleaners, automotive mechanics, auto body repair shops, machine shops, printers, photo processors, and agri-culture. Most of these wastes are petroleum-based or hydrocarbon hazardous waste and include cleaning and paint solvents, lubricants and oils. However, medical wastes, defined as potential infectious waste from sources such as laboratories, clinics and hospitals, are also included among the hazardous wastes found in Chino. Hazardous materials and hazardous wastes are heavily regulated by a range of federal, State and local agencies. One of the primary hazardous materials regulatory agencies is the California Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). DTSC is authorized by the U.S. EPA to enforce and implement federal hazardous materials laws and regulations. The City of Chino and San Bernardino County both monitor hazardous ma-terials and waste and provide collection facilities for most household hazard-ous waste in and around Chino. The County also provides Antifreeze, Bat-teries, Oil, and Paint (ABOP) facilities that can dispose of antifreeze, automo-tive and household batteries, oil and oil filters, and latex paint. Any business in Chino that handles, uses, generates, or stores hazardous materials is re-quired to submit a “Business Emergency/Contingency Plan” to the Hazard-ous Materials Division of the San Bernardino County Fire Department. In addition, review and approval of any hazardous material use or storage is re-



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quired by the City and Chino Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) to ensure that activity meets all Uniform Fire Code requirements. 2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions

Goal SAF-4 Protect the community from harmful effects of hazardous materials and waste.

Objective SAF-4.1 Minimize Chino residents’ exposure to the harmful effects of hazardous materials and waste.

Policies

P1. The City shall require adequate separation between areas where hazardous materials are present and sensitive uses such as schools, senior centers, hospitals and medical centers, resi-dences and public facilities.

P2. When reviewing new development applications, the City shall require the necessary level of environmental investigation to ensure that soils, groundwater and buildings affected by haz-ardous materials would not affect the environment or health and safety of future property owners or users.

P3. The City shall promote the safe transport of hazardous mate-rials through Chino through implementation of the following measures:

1. Prohibit the parking of vehicles transporting hazardous materials on City streets.

2. Require that new pipelines and other channels carrying hazardous materials avoid residential areas and other im-mobile populations to the greatest extent possible.



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P4. The City shall require applicants proposing to generate haz-ardous waste to submit emergency response plans to the CVIFD and San Bernardino County Fire Department Haz-ardous Materials Division.

P5. The City shall work with households, businesses and others

who generate hazardous waste to reduce overall hazardous waste in Chino.

P6. The City shall prohibit the use of Perchloroethylene (PERC)

in new dry cleaning facilities.

P7. The City shall require that dry cleaners in mixed-use devel-opments use clean technology.

P8. The City shall continue to work with the San Bernardino

County Fire Department Hazardous Materials Division to en-sure that businesses in Chino follow the hazardous materials regulations and guidelines outlined in the “Business Emer-gency/Contingency Plan Guidelines and Forms” for San Ber-nardino County.

P9. The City shall continue to work with the San Bernardino County Fire Department Hazardous Materials Division to en-sure that Chino residents have convenient access to the dis-posal of household hazardous wastes.

P10. The City shall continue to work with the CVIFD to monitor and regulate the storage of hazardous materials in confor-mance with the Uniform Fire Code.

3. Indicator The following trends are indicative of progress made in regards to the above policies. Each indicator is followed by the ideal direction of the trend.



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♦ Volume of hazardous materials purchased by the City: Direction: Decrease

E. Airport Operations

1. Background The Chino Airport is the largest airport operated by the San Bernardino County Airports Department. Due to its proximity to Ontario International Airport and John Wayne Airport, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) classifies the Chino Airport as a reliever airport, meaning it reduces congestion by accepting small aircraft traffic from the larger metropolitan airports in the region. The airport is currently undergoing improvement and expansion and will assume an increasingly important role in Chino’s trans-portation, land use, and economy. The Chino Airport is subject to both the Chino Airport Master Plan and the Chino Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan. More information on land uses relating to airport operations can be found in the Land Use Element. a. Chino Airport Master Plan The Master Plan was completed in 2003 and has been adopted by the Board of Supervisors of San Bernardino County. It serves to guide the development and expansion of the airport in response to projected future needs. The plan calls for an extension of an existing east-west runway, expansion of taxiways, and upgrades to the Runway Safety Area (RSA) required for compliance with FAA regulations. The RSA is the area immediately around the runway that provides a safety buffer in the event of an overshoot, undershoot or excursion from the runway. The FAA has increased RSA regulations from 200 feet from the ends of a runway to as much as 1,000 feet from the ends of a runway in recent years. The Chino Airport Master Plan extends the RSA to meet these new FAA regulations. Since all of the RSA is within the boundaries of the Chino Airport, changes in the RSA will not affect surrounding land uses. The plan also indicates that the airport plans shall acquire some of the lands within its Runway Protection Zone (RPZ) as well as negotiate an aviation



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easement over State-owned lands within the zone. The RPZ is a trapezoidal-shaped piece of land on either side of the runway that requires enhanced pro-tection of people and property on the ground from aircraft. Portions of the RPZ extend beyond the boundaries of the Chino Airport onto adjacent par-cels that are designated for other uses. The FAA recommends that an airport have control over a RPZ in order to ensure that incompatible development is not allowed in these areas. Land use designations included in the General Plan Land Use Element prohibit incompatible uses in these areas. b. Chino Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan The Land Use Plan was adopted in 1991 and no update has been undertaken since then, although the Airport Master Plan addresses some similar issues. It includes projections for an additional runway that has since been built. It also indicates airport safety zones, which are zones that require certain restrictions on land uses in varying distances from the runway due to the level of inten-sity of the associated impacts. Safety Zone 1 is the most restricted of the safety zones, prohibiting all structures and limiting the population density at any given time to ten people per acre. A small portion of Safety Zone 1 ex-tends into the agricultural area of the California Institution for Men; how-ever, this area is vacant and is leased as a buffer area to the Chino Airport. All other land use designations in these referral areas allow only uses that are compatible with the Chino Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan. 2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions

Goal SAF-5 Minimize risks associated with aircraft opera-tions at the Chino Airport.

Objective SAF-5.1 Regulate land use within the vicinity of the Chino Airport.



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Policies

P1. The City shall require all construction in Chino to be consis-tent with the required setbacks and height restrictions for the Chino Airport as determined by the Federal Aviation Ad-ministration, the Chino Airport Master Plan and the Chino Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan.

Actions

A1. Update the Chino Airport Comprehensive Land Use Plan to reflect current regulations and approaches to land use regula-tion at the airport.

3. Indicators None for this section. F. Disaster and Terrorism Preparedness

1. Background a. Disaster Preparedness As required by State law, Chino has established emergency preparedness pro-cedures to anticipate and respond to a variety of potential natural and man-made disasters in its Emergency Operations Plan adopted in September 2008. The Emergency Operations Plan addresses hazard preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery for earthquakes, hazardous material incidents, flood-ing, urban flooding, major air crashes, trucking incidents, civil unrest, na-tional security emergency, and terrorism events. In addition to the City’s Emergency Operations Plan, the City of Chino also has adopted a Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (Resolution 2005-017) pursuant to the federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000. This plan is designed to be a guiding document that describes the process for identifying hazards, risks and vulnerabilities, identifying and prioritizing mitigation actions, encouraging



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the development of local mitigation and providing technical support for those efforts. The Chino Police Department maintains an Emergency Services section on its website that provides tips on preparing for an emergency. In 2008, the Chino Police Department launched CodeRED, an emergency notification system that can deliver pre-recorded emergency messages by phone at the rate of up to 60,000 calls per hour. Residents and businesses are encouraged to register their phone numbers through the CodeRED link on the Chino Po-lice Department’s website to ensure that they will receive the emergency mes-sages when they are issued. b. Terrorist Activity As characterized by the Homeland Security Act of 2002, terrorism is any ac-tivity that meets all three of the following conditions: a) involves an act that is dangerous to human life or potentially destructive of critical infrastructure or key resources; b) is a violation of the criminal laws of the United States, a State or other subdivision of the United States; and c) appears to be intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population, to influence the policy of gov-ernment by intimidation or coercion, or to affect the conduct of a govern-ment by mass destruction, assassination or kidnapping. The Terrorism Annex of the Chino Emergency Operations Plan addresses preparation for and response to terrorism events. The Terrorism Annex pro-vides guidance on developing terrorism response plans and procedures and identifies the respective roles and relationships of federal, State and local gov-ernment agencies in preparing for the threat or occurrence of a terrorism at-tack. 2. Goals, Objectives, Policies, and Actions

Goal SAF-6 Reduce the risk to the community from natural and man-made disasters and terrorism events.



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Objective SAF-6.1 Promote emergency preparedness at the government, business, and household levels.

Policies

P1. City departments shall conduct periodic trainings with staff on emergency operations based on the Emergency Operations Plan.

P2. The City shall work with other agencies and businesses within the City to assist and support their disaster preparedness ef-forts.

P3. The City shall regularly review the adequacy of local infra-structure.

P4. The City shall continue to encourage residents and businesses to verify their contact information by registering for the CodeRED emergency notification system so that they may re-ceive critical emergency information.

P5. The City shall provide information to residents and businesses on emergency preparedness, such as preparing emergency kits, developing a communications plan, implementing evacuation procedures, and updating emergency plans.

P6. The City shall regularly review the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan and make any necessary adjustments.

Actions

A1. Regularly update and implement the Emergency Operations Plan and the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan.

3. Indicators The following trends are indicative of progress made in regards to the above policies. Each indicator is followed by the ideal direction of the trend.



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♦ Number of households receiving information from the City on evacua-tion routes and emergency response procedures: Direction: Increase

13 safety final - civiclive

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