13 colonies:Founding America

Puritans vs. Pilgrims

• Puritans: wanted to escape Church of England and start new to “purify” it

• Pilgrims: wanted to break completely away from the Church of England …aka “Separatists”• Both settled in Massachusetts

Colony

• Colony• An area that is under control by another

country and is occupied by those settlers.

Plymouth Colony

• 1st major colony (1620)- Massachusetts

• Established by pilgrims seeking religious freedom from Protestant Church.

• Came over on the Mayflower ship.

• Wrote Mayflower Compact • 1st legal document in New World.• 1st sign of self-government in New World!!!!

New England Colonies

• New Hampshire•Massachusetts• Connecticut• Rhode Island

•Main source of income:

• Fishing, timber, shipping

Middle Colonies

• New York• Pennsylvania• Delaware• New Jersey

•Main source of income:

• Farming

Southern Colonies

• Maryland• Virginia• North Carolina• South Carolina• Georgia

• Main Source of income:• Cash crops (cotton,

tobacco)• Plantations

Characteristics of New England and Middle Colonies• Higher birth rates…greater population…more cities

• Better transportation (boats, carriages)

• Industry #1…controlled production of goods.

• New York becomes #1 trade/business town

Characterizes of Southern Colonies

• Wide gap between rich and poor

• Slaves were made to work the land

• Agriculture #1- plantation system (cotton and tobacco)

• Few cities and lower populations…plantations housed everything that was needed to live.

Slaves

• Sold to landowners to work on farms under harsh conditions

Indentured Servant

• People who came over to colonies to start a new life.• Landowners paid their way.• To pay off debts, they worked on plantations.

Government in Colonial Times

• Town Meetings• Plymouth, MA.• Everyone comes together and

votes on issues and make laws…still seen today!

Government in Colonial Times

•Mayflower Compact • Signed by Pilgrims coming over on

Mayflower ship from England.

• Document stating they were still loyal to the King of England but wanted to have their own laws.

Government in Colonial Times

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Document sent to King of England from colonists wanting their own laws.

1ST WRITTEN CONSTITUTION OF NEW WORLD

Government in Colonial Times

Jamestown, VA

Joint-Stock Colony When wealthy English men

put money together and invested in a trading company

Began to export tobacco to England

Mercantilism• When one nation exports resources to another

country to produce goods and is sold back at a higher price.

• Example: cotton sent from America to Europe to make clothes.

Government in Colonial Times

• Plantation Systems•division of the land into

smaller units under private ownership

Government in Colonial Times

• Salem Witch Trials

• 1629: Salem, MA is settled• 1641: English law makes witchcraft illegal

• 1688: Goodwin children exhibits strange behavior and a woman is hanged, charged with witchcraft

Government in Colonial Times

• Salem Witch Trials

• 1692: more children in Salem start exhibiting strange behavior.

• 1692: 52 arrest warrants are issued for several men and women who are suspect of performing witchcraft.

Government in Colonial Times

• Salem Witch Trials

• 19 men and women were hanged as a result of being a “witch”

• Finally, the governor made it illegal to accuse and try someone without factual evidence.

• The remaining accused were set free.

• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/ASAL_DE.HTM

• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salemprocedure.HTM

• http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salemlessons.html