new england puritans & pilgrims
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New England Puritans & Pilgrims. What you need to know. Locate/identify Massachusetts, Rhode Isl, Connecticut & New Hampshire colonies Difference between Pilgrims & Puritans Town meetings Mayflower Compact Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Roger Williams and Rhode Island - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
New England
Puritans & Pilgrims
What you need to know
• Locate/identify Massachusetts, Rhode Isl, Connecticut & New Hampshire colonies
• Difference between Pilgrims & Puritans• Town meetings• Mayflower Compact• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut• Roger Williams and Rhode Island• The Halfway Covenant
Puritans—Background
• Group wanted to purify the Church of England (while remaining members)
• Didn’t believe in big organization controlling local congregations
• Believed people could experience God personally – conversion experiences
• Believed church was too close to Catholics, should be simpler
The Pilgrims
• Separatists – wanted complete separation from Church of England• Didn’t believe church could be fixed
• Discriminated against – went to America for freedom of religion
The Pilgrims
• Came to America aboard the Mayflower
• While on boat, men signed Mayflower Compact – agreement on rules for colony
• 1620 – landed on Plymouth Rock, called colony Plymouth Colony
Massachusetts Bay Co.
• 1630 – Joint Stock company set up by John Winthrop
• Brought many Puritans from England• Set up capital in Boston• Absorbed Plymouth Colony
Massachusetts Bay Co.
• Created government to rule colony• Only company stockholders & adult
male church members could vote• Children of members were not full
church members• Halfway covenant – allowed children of
members to have some rights
Massachusetts Bay Co.
• No separation of church & state• Criminal laws very strict
• Examples of crimes: drunkenness, idleness, swearing
• Took children away from parents if they misbehaved
Massachusetts Bay Co.
• Allowed small towns to rule over themselves
• Many areas had town meetings –regular people allowed to make decisions elected reps usually make
Roger Williams• Puritan minister• Argued that Puritans were hypocrites
• Came to America for religious freedom• Then took away others’ freedom by giving
rights only to members of their religion• Also said that English had no right to take
Indian land – must purchase it• Got banished (threatened imprisonment)
Roger Williams
• Left Puritans, started Baptist church• Left Massachusetts, traveled a few
miles south• Founded colony of Rhode Island
• Colony had absolute religious freedom• No religious group ran colony govt
Anne Hutchinson
• Thought that people didn’t need ministers to tell them what to believe
• Church banished her from colony• She went to Rhode Island for
freedom
Connecticut
• Puritans sent groups to settle further down the coast
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut• 1st written constitution in America
Native Resistance
• Natives thought land treaties were agreements to share use of land
• Colonists thought of land treaties as agreements that change owners permanently
• Resulted in many arguments that became battles
Native Resistance
• Pequot War• Colonists fought against Pequot tribe• Colonists fought alongside Narragansett• Colonists massacred Pequots, killed
unarmed women & children• Seriously upset Narragansett allies
Native Resistance
• King Philip’s War• Metacom was chief of a nearby tribe• Colonists called him King Philip• Fought over a year against colonists
Native Resistance
• King Philip’s War• Heavy casualties for both sides• Eventually Puritans won war, cut off
Metacom’s head, displayed it on a spike
FOR TWENTY YEARS
What you need to know
• Locate/identify Massachusetts, Rhode Isl, Connecticut & New Hampshire colonies
• Difference between Pilgrims & Puritans• Town meetings• Mayflower Compact• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut• Roger Williams and Rhode Island• The Halfway Covenant