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G B A S

C

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Table of contents

1. GBAS Definitions

2. GBAS Overview

3. GBAS Basic Configuration

4. GBAS Data Messages

5. Differential Corrections

6. AS

!. GAS" Definitions

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Table of contents

#. GAS" ele$ents

%. Differences of Safet& an' (elia)ilit&

1*. Signal+in+s,ace ,erfor$ance re-uire$ents

11. Differences of GBAS an' /S in safet&

12. ns,ection an' Certification

13. GBAS "0reat

14. Magnetic latitu'e

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Table of contents

15. SD

16. las$a )u))le

1!. onos,0eric effects at GBAS

1#. Current GBAS rogra$ SA

1%. Current GBAS rogra$ (O

2*. Current GBAS rogra$ AA7

21. 8ansai 7"/ GBAS rotot&,e )& 7(

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Table of contents

22. GBAS Aircraft -ui,age

23. S"

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The Project for the Capacity Development for Transition to the New CNS/ATM Systems in Cambodia, ao PD!, and "ietnam

http#//www$newcnsatm$com 6

GBAS Definitions

GBAS Ground-BasedAugmentation System An augmentation system in which the user receive

augmentation information directly from a ground-based

transmitter. (IA! Anne"#$ %

GBAS &unctions (IA! A')#$ %

a% *rovide locally relevant *seudo-range corrections

b% *rovide GBAS-related data

c% *rovide final a**roach segment data when su**orting

*recision a**roachd% *rovide *redicted ranging source availability data

e% *rovide integrity monitoring for G'SS ranging sources

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GBAS !verview

Core satellite

GS9G/O7ASS

Groun' su)s&ste$

Aircraft su)s&ste$

Aug$entation infor$ation

onos,0eric 'ela&

"ro,os,0eric 'ela&

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GBAS Basic onfiguration

Core satellites

GS9G/O7ASS

Aug$entation infor$ation

Aircraft su)s&ste$

Groun' su)s&ste$

osition

an'

7avigation

rocessing

unit

:DB

(eceiver

:DB

"rans$itter

Data

,rocessing

unit

Groun'

Stations

Groun'

Stations

Groun'

Stations

(eference

(eceivers

:DB Antenna

:DB Antenna

GS Antenna

GS Antenna

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GBAS Data +essagesMessage

"&,eMessage 7a$e

1Differential Corrections

1**sec s$oot0e' ,seu'oranges

2 GBAS (elate' Data

3 7ull Message

4

inal A,,roac0 Seg$ent ASConstruction Data

"er$inal Area at0 "AConstruction Data

5 (anging Source Availa)ilit& o,tional

6 (eserve' or Carrier Corrections

! (eserve' or Militar&

# (eserve' or "est

11Differential Corrections3*sec s$oot0e' seu'o+ranges

1*1G(AS seu'o+range CorrectionsAs 'efine' in CAO SA(s Anne; 1*

Source< ("CA DO+246D

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Differential Corrections

CAO SA(s A77=1* A7D= B

("CA DO+246D

Correcte' seu'o+range

:DB

acilities

Message "&,e 1

Co$,ute ,ositioning;9 &9 > a)ove ?GS+#4

seu'o+range Correction

(ange (ate Correction

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&AS

&AS (&inal A**roach Segment%

:DBacilities

Message

"&,e 4

(7?A@

TCP

Source< ("CA DO+246D

igure 2+#

Y

X

Z

?GS+#4 C coor'inate s&ste$

;9 &9 >

(7?A@ coor'inate s&ste$

;9 &9 >

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&AS

(7?A@

TCP

Source< 7( GBAS ntro'uction 792*12

/ateral 'eviation

:ertical 'eviation(7?A@ coor'inate s&ste$

;9 &9 >

GARP

/ateral DDM /OC

:ertical DDM GS

/ateral 'eviation

B!#! D

ri$ar& lig0t Dis,la&

/ateral DDM

:ertical 'eviation:ertical DDM

GPA

Earths

surface

WGS-84

Ellipsoid

GRP

GRPCW

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GAST Definitions

GAST (GBAS A**roach Service Ty*es% As matched set of airborne and ground *erformance and

functional re,uirements that are intended to be used in

concert in order to *rovide a**roach guidance with

,uantifiable *erformance. (TA D!-/0%

Source< (OCOM"(O/ GBAS ntro'uction "ec0nical an' O,erational Overview

("CA DO+253C

GAS"+A for o,erations to A: l ,erfor$ance

GAS"+B for o,erations to A: ll ,erfor$ance

GAS"+C for o,erations to CA" l ,erfor$ance

GAS"+Dfor o,erations to CA" lll ,erfor$ance wit0 s,ecific aircraft integration assu$,tions

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GAST elements

Core satellite

Groud

su!s"ste#

Aircraft

su!s"ste#

GAEC G$C

GASTSource< ("CA DO+253C

AAST $AST

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Differences of Safety and eliability

Safety and eliability is another conce*t.

eliability is high1 Safety is high. It is almost correct. But 2

a% eliability

Ability of a system to *erform the re,uired functions

&or e"am*le1 +TB& (+ean Time Between &ailures%1

+TT (+ean Time To e*air% b% Safety

State in which the ris3 is su**ressed to an acce*table level

7( lectronic 7avigation (esearc0 nstitu'e

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Signal-in-s*ace *erformance re,uirements

IA! SA4s Anne" #$ re,uirements

a% Accuracyb% Integrity

c% ontinuity

d% Availability

Source< CAO SA(s

Anne; 1* "a)le 3.!.2.4+1

Safet&

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Differences of GBAS and I5S in safety

a% The integrity fault in I5S

&or e"am*le1 I5S radiates false guidance signals +onitor do not wor3.

That radiation can not cease.

The integrity fault can be calculated from rate

of the monitor unit of I5S.

b% The integrity fault in GBAS

&or e"am*le1 Increase in error due to the ionos*heric effects

only at aircraft The alert does not occur in the aircraft and

Ground subsystem.

ntegrit& can )e calculate' fro$ t0e failure rate of t0e unit of groun' e-ui,$ent.

t is necessar& to ensure t0e alert )& t0e e;ternal factors.7(

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Ins*ection and ertification

Traditional navigation e,ui*ments (I5S1 6!1 D+1 'DB%

a% +anufacturing ins*ection of the factory b% &light ins*ection of installation ad7usted

G'SS systems (SBAS1 GBAS%

a% 6erification during develo*ment b% 6erification of *roduct

c% 6erification of o*eration

7(

ns,ection< erfor$ance evaluation at a ,oint in ti$e

Certification< B& evaluating t0e ris9 an' verif& t0at it satisfies

t0e re-uire$ents for safet&.

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GBAS Threat

8 Internal factors 9a% GBAS ground subsystem failure

8 "ternal factors 9

a% ore satellite or satellite:s stations failure

Satellite orbit Systems with satellite (Transmission1 Atomic cloc3 %

Broadcasting data

b% Ionos*heric effects

SD 4lasma bubble

/arger $,act

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+agnetic latitude

+agnetic latitude is a geomagnetic coordinate system based

on geomagnetic field.

7(

Geogra,0ical

latitu'e

Geogra,0ical longitu'e

Magnetic e-uatorMagnetic latitu'e

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SD

SD (Storm nhanced Density%

a% Ionos*heric disturbances associated with geomagneticstorm

b% a*id increase in the ionos*heric electron density

c% It accom*anies that large gradients in the ionos*heric

delay

7(n t0e 7ort0 A$erican continent9 in 2**2

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4lasma bubble

4lasma bubble

a% ;Bubble< that occurs after sunset b% a*id decrease in the ionos*heric electron density

c% It accom*anies that shar* gradients in the ionos*heric

delay.

Source< 7( ?ors0o, on A"MC7S ?AC 7+*42

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Ionos*heric effects at GBAS

The delay at the aircraft 1the delay at the Ground Stations isdifferent.

onos,0ere gra'ient

onos,0eic 'ela&

Groun'

Stations

onos,0eic 'ela&

at t0e aircraft

onos,0eic 'ela&

at t0e Groun' Stations

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urrent GBAS 4rogram (=SA%

GBAS AT I Im*lementation a% >oneywell has received two GBAS AT I SDAs.

(Se*t $$?1 S5S-@$$$ Se*t $#1 S5S-@$$$ Bloc3 I change%

b% &AA a**roved as o*erational systems in =SA.

'ewar3 GBAS was o*erational a**roved on Se*tember 1 $#.

('ewar3 air*ort for *ublic%

>ouston GBAS was o*erational a**roved on A*ril 1 $#.(>ouston air*ort for *ublic%

+oses 5a3e GBAS installation owned by Boeing C *rivate system for

*roduction testing. &AABoeing have *lanned AT III validation

activitiesusing this system. (+oses 5a3e air*ort for *rivate%

AA< G?G142.1+2.3 AA GBAS ,'ate

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urrent GBAS 4rogram (=SA%

GBAS AT III Im*lementation a% 4rototy*e ground system installed at Atlantic ity based on the

S5S-@$$$.

b% &AA efforts were directed to focus on GBAS AT III.

4otential non-&ed design a**roval in ul1 $#E.

A**roval will be based on IA! SA4s baseline.

AA< G?G142.1+2.3 AA GBAS ,'ate

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urrent GBAS 4rogram (=!%

GBAS AT I Im*lementation a% Bremen GBAS was o*erational a**roved on &ebruary $?1 $#.

b% It is considering a SSA *ro7ect to assess advanced conce*ts based

on GBAS for Dis*laced Thresholds (DT% and '4 transition to G5S.

GBAS AT III Im*lementation a% 4rototy*e ground system installed at Toulouse site and &ran3furt.

b% It has been considering a SSA *ro7ect to identify o*erational needs

and re,uirements for GBAS-based AT IIIII o*erations1

GBAS AT IIIII !SD (!*erational Services and nvironment

Descri*tion% draft is available now.

(OCO7"(O/< G?G142.5 SSA( 6.#.5 ,resentation v1.*

G?G143.2DS GBAS Status

G?G142.! SSA( 15.3.6 Status

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urrent GBAS 4rogram (A4A'%

GBAS AT I Im*lementation a% 4rototy*e ground system installed at Fansai I'T5.

GBAS AT III Im*lementation a% 4rototy*e ground system will install at 'ew Ishiga3i air*ort in S41

$#0 .

7(

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Fansai I'T5 GBAS 4rototy*e by 'I:DB Antenna

:DB "rans$itter

GS

Antenna

GS

(eceiver

Data ,rocessing

-ui,$ents

Groun' Stations

7(

M

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The Project for the Capacity Development for Transition to the New CNS/ATM Systems in Cambodia, ao PD!, and "ietnam http#//www$newcnsatm$com 29

Fansai I'T5 GBAS 4rototy*e by 'I

!ct $$

a% Started *rototy*e develo*ment

$$-$$?

a% Design and Develo*ment

$#$ a% Installed at Fansai-International air*ort

b% Started long term data collection and evaluations

$## a% 4arameter o*timiHation

b% &light e"*eriments with airline aircraft B

G?G135.47C GBAS Statusrot"&,e GAS"+C

G?G12?S4.57( an' A7A GBAS B!#! e;,eri$ents

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The Project for the Capacity Development for Transition to the New CNS/ATM Systems in Cambodia, ao PD!, and "ietnam http#//www$newcnsatm$com 30

GBAS Aircraft ,ui*age

GBAS Aircraft ,ui*age (=51$#0%

Airbus

A0$ GBAS !*tion (Available%

A0$ &amily GBAS !*tion (Available%

A00$ A0@$ GBAS !*tion ($#%

A0/$ GBAS !*tion ($#@%

Boeing

B-$$ GBAS &ede" ST

B0-'G GBAS !*tion (Available%B@- GBAS Standard (Available%

B GBAS Standard (Available%

fl&G/S.net < 0tt,

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The Project for the Capacity Development for Transition to the New CNS/ATM Systems in Cambodia, ao PD!, and "ietnam31

IST&

IST& (IA! Asia and 4acific Ionos*heric studies tas3 force%

a% IA! *lans to use aviation navigations based on G'SS1

such as GBAS and SBAS. IA! recogniHes a necessity to

evaluate the ionos*heric effects on such navigations.

b% IA! Asia and 4acific have discussed about the effect of

low-latitude ionos*heric disturbances such as *lasmabubble since $$? and established the IST& in ul1 $##.

7C" ig0+resolution ionos,0eric total electron content

o)servations using 'ense G7SS receiver networs

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