[123doc.vn] nghien cuu thiet ke va che tao may cat nilon thanh soi

7/23/2019 [123doc.vn] Nghien Cuu Thiet Ke Va Che Tao May Cat Nilon Thanh Soi

1/45

MC LC

Chng 1............................................................................................................................. 1

Mu ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 t vn ............................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Tng quan ................................................................................................................ 2

1.2.1 Gii thiu cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht..................................................... 2

1.2.2 Gii thiu sn phm chuyn sn xut ca cng ty ........................................... 3

1.2.3 Gii thiu vsn phm quai g nn ................................................................. 4

1.2.4 Tnh hnh thc t.............................................................................................. 5

1.3 Tnh cp thit ........................................................................................................... 5

1.4 Mc tiu ca ti ..................................................................................................7

1.5 Phng php nghin cu ca ti ........................................................................ 8

1.6 i tng v phm vi nghin cu ........................................................................... 8

Chng 2: ............................................................................................................................ 9

C SL Thuyt ............................................................................................................. 9

2.1 Gii thiu tng quan vbin tn ............................................................................. 9

2.2 ng c c hp s................................................................................................. 12

2.3 Nt nhn (PB Pushbutton) .................................................................................. 132.4 Xch ....................................................................................................................... 14

2.5 Bc n .................................................................................................................. 15

2.6 Gi ( UCP )...................................................................................................... 15

2.7 T in.................................................................................................................. 16

Chng 3: .......................................................................................................................... 17

Thit KV Thi Cng .................................................................................................. 17

3.1 Tnh ton v thit k.............................................................................................. 173.1.1 Xc nh nguyn l cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca my ......................... 17

3.2 Tnh ton, thit k v phc tho phn c kh........................................................ 19

3.2.1 Cm c cu cp liu....................................................................................... 19

3.2.1.1 Rul cp liu............................................................................................ 19

3.2.1.2 Gi trc rul ........................................................................................ 21


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3.2.1.3 La chn liu.............................................................................................. 22

3.2.1.4 Bc n.................................................................................................... 22

3.2.2 Khung chnh v c cu truyn ng ca my................................................ 23

3.2.2.1 Khung chnh ............................................................................................. 23

3.2.2.2 C cu truyn ng ca my.................................................................. 24

3.2.3 Thit k cmc cu dn hng.................................................................... 28

3.2.3.1 Thit k dn hng.................................................................................. 28

3.2.3.2 Np liu vo............................................................................................. 29

3.2.3.3 Zch zc .................................................................................................... 30

3.2.3.4 Np liu ra................................................................................................ 31

3.2.4 Thit k cm c cu ct................................................................................. 31

3.2.4.1 Thanh g dao ............................................................................................ 33

3.2.4.2 Khun cha dao ct................................................................................. 33

3.2.4.3 Trc g dao.............................................................................................. 34

3.2.4.4 Tng .................................................................................................... 35

3.2.4.5 Thanh gi............................................................................................ 36

3.2.5 Thit k cm c dn hng ra....................................................................... 36

3.2.6 Thit k cm c dn hng thu...................................................................... 37

3.2.6.1 Trc cun thu........................................................................................... 37

3.2.6.2 ng c.................................................................................................... 38

Chng 4........................................................................................................................... 41

Kt Lun V Kin Ngh................................................................................................ 41

4.1 Kt lun ................................................................................................................. 41

4.2Nhng hn ch trong qu trnh thc hin.............................................................. 42

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................................ 43


3/45

- 1 -

Chng 1

M u

1.1 t vn

Khoa hc k thut th gii ngy cng pht trin v t c nhng thnh tu rtln. Nc ta l nc i sau v khoa hc k thut, nhng nh nhng chnh sch ng n

ca ng v Nh nc nn bit i tt n u nhanh chng tip thutrnh khoa

hc k thut ca th gii, nhanh chng bt kp v nghin cu pht trin nhiu ti c

nh hng n s pht trin ca khoa hc cng ngh nc nh ni ring v th gii ni

chung.

Vit Nam l nc ang pht trin, tc cng nghip ha hin i ha ngy cng

cao. Mi nm cc sn phm t nilon c sn xut a ra th trng rt nhiu v s tin

li cng nh d s dng ca n, c th p dng trong ngnh bao b, ngnh thc phm,

ngnh th cng nghipvv.Nhng cc sn phm t nilon ch yu l nhp t nc ngoi

v chnh iu ny lm chogi thnh cao. p ng nhu cu tiu dng tng cao, hin

nay trong nc c rt nhiu doanh nghip chuyn sn xut cc sn phm t nilon in

hnh nh: c s Ha Kim, L Hng Phong, Quynvv, p dng nilon vo vic sn

xut gquai nn l, gh ngi, t, gi, cpTuy nhin y ch l cc doanh nghip nh l,

vn p dng cc bin php th cng dng dao ko ct thnh si mt s doanh nghip

khc c p dng my mc nhng ch yu l cc thit b my mcth s sn xut v

vycht lng ca sn phm ca cc doanh nghip ny khng ng u chnh iu ny

to nn s cnh tranh khc lit trn th trng trong gi thnh v cht lng sn

phm lun l nhng vn c t ln hng u.

ng trc nhng yu cu , rt nhiu c s ch bin mnh dn u t h thng

my mc dy chuyn sn xut nhm nng cao cht lng sn phm, ch bin nilon nhm

nng cao nng sut v h gi thnh sn phm. Nhng chi ph ca cc h thng, dy

chuyn ny khng h r v khng phi c s no cng c kh nng u t. Hn na hu

ht cc loi my trn th trng ch yu l nhp t nc ngoi v chnh v vy m chi ph

sn xut rt cao.


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- 2 -

Vn t ra l cn c mtloi my c th nng cao nng sut, gim chi ph nhn

cng v ph hp vi quy trnh sn xut nhng gi thnh phi nm trong kh nng u t

ca cc c s c quy m nh.

Ti cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht tuy p dng my mc, thit b vo sn

xut vi mong mun nng cao nng sut v ti u ha sn phm ca mnh,nhng cng ty

vn cn nhiu cng on cha th t ng ha v vn cha tm ra phng n p dng cho

yu cu t cht lng sn phm iu ny gy ra nhng nh hng khng tt n nng

sut cng nh li nhun ca cng ty khi m cht lng sn phm cn phthuc qu nhiu

vo lao ng, quy trnh sn xut mang tnh thcng khng p ng c nhng yu cu

ngy cng cao vcht lng cng nh s lng sn phm. Tnhng thc trng bt li

, ban lnh o cng ty cgng khng ngng nhm nng nhng quy trnh tsn xut

thcng trthnh sn xut tng hoc bn tng, mong mun to c nhng iu

kin tt nht phc vcho spht trin ca cng ty.

Tnhng nhu cu thit yu , ban lnh o cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht

t vn vi nhm nghin cu. Nghin cu Thit kv chto my ct nilon thnh

si cho cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht.

1.2 Tng quan

1.2.1 Gii thiu cng ty Lan Phng Thnh phtCng ty Lan Phng Thnh Phtl mt cng ty chuyn sn xut cc mt hng dn

dng, phc v i sng hng ngy. Nhng sn phm c sn xut ti cng ty Lan

Phng Thnh Phtbao gm: si g nn, gh, t, ti nilon v nhiu sn phm dn

dng khc. Vi ngun nhn lc trn 100 ngi cng nhn lnh ngh, cng ty Lan

Phng Thnh Pht c thp ng c nhu cu sn xut ca thtrng tiu thtrong

nc cng nh thgii.


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- 3 -

1.2.2 Gii thiu sn phm chuyn sn xut ca cng ty

Cc loi sn phm bn gh.

Hnh 1.1 Bn ghsn sut tnha

Cc loi sn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.2 Quai g nn

Cc loi sn phm ti nilon

Hnh 1.3 Sn xut ti nilon


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- 4 -

1.2.3 Gii thiu vsn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.4 Si nilon dng lm quai g nn

Sn phm quai g nn c sn xut t cht liu nha, hin nay ang l mt hng

m th trng trong nc cng nh th giicn rt nhiu, vi s lng n t hng ngy

cng tng cao. y l mt sn phm thuc ngnh th cng nghip. c s dng nh

hnh nn, ng dng trong ngnh bao b

Cc cng on c bn hnh thnh sn phm quai g nn

c thsn xut c thnh nn l phi tri qua 5 cng on nh sau: Chn nilon

si, chn thanh g, nh hnh nn, chn l c, khu nn l, kim tra sn phm, xem c

ng yu cu khng.

Hnh 1.5 Quy trnh sn xut nn l


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- 5 -

1.2.4 Tnh hnh thc t

Hin nay trn thgii c rt nhiu my ct nilon thnh si, tuy nhin khng phi mt

hng sn xut tnilon loi no cng c hoc nu c th gi thnh rt cao i hi ngi

cng nhn phi c trnh nht nh c thvn hnh c my.

i vi vic sn xut nilon thnh si cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht ang

c sn xut bng th cng vi vic ct nilon bng ko, chnh iu ny gy ra rt

nhiu kh khn cho doanh nghip bi chi ph u t thu nhn cng qu cao.

1.3 Tnh cp thit

Nha nilon l mt sn phm rt thng dng trn th trng c ng dng rt rng

ri c dng lm bn, gh, th cng m nghTuy nhin loi nhanilon m nhm

ang nghin cu gia cng ct ra y l mt loi nha ph thi, thay v em i ti ch li

th nhm tm hiu ln bn v thit k mt loi my gia cng ct nha nilonthnh si

v bn cho ngi tiu dng vi gi r.

Ct nilon thnh si 6mm nh hnh nn l chi tit quan trng trong vic sn xut

nn l.

Chi tit si: b ngang 6mm, chiu di ct ht cun liu.

Cng on ct si ny hin ang c thc hin th cng, i hi cng nhn phi

dng ko ct, v vy m si ct thng khng u v si dy hay b t . V nhit nng chy ca loi nilon ny l rt thp ch khong 800C nn vic gia cng l rt kh

khn nu dng phng php ct trc hay ct ma st cao u rt kh khn.Cng ty cng

a ra gii php my ct bng trc kt qu si liu vn khng thng kt qu nh hnh

bn di:

Hnh 1.6a Nguyn liu Hnh 1.6b Sn phm


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L do chn gii php

Qua nhiu thng tm hiu nhm pht hin c rt nhiu phng php

c thct nilon thnh si sau y l mt sphng php rt thng dng:

Phng php ct th cng:

cu thnh nn sn phm si 6mm cn tri qua nhiu cng on, nhng

cng on ct si l quan trng nht.

Hnh 1.7 Cng nhn dng ko ct

Cng on ct nilon bng tay ang tn ti rt nhiu nhc im cn chng

ta gii quyt vn ny:

-

Vic ct bng tay tn rt nhiu nhn cng, dn ti chi ph sn xut c sn

phm rt cao.

-

Sn phm ct ra khng ng u v khng thng lm cho lng sn phm bloi ra tng i ln, dn ti lng ph nguyn liu. Lm gim li nhun ca

cng ty.

-

Cng vic ct hon ton th cng khi cng nhn ct li dng vi dao ko v vy

m mc an ton lao ng tng i thp, kh nng ri ro khi ct vo tay l

rt cao.

-

Cng vic ct phi dng ko ct nn vic tay b au, chai tay chc chn s xy

ra chnh iu ny lm cho nng sut lao ng gim. Phng php ct bng trc:

Phng php ny cng l gii php ca cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Pht

tuy nhin sn phm m loi my ny lm ra khng t yu cu ca cng ty.


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- 7 -

Hnh 1.8 My ct bng trc

- u im: ct nhanh, ct c nhiu si cng mt thi im.

-

Nhc im: si liu ct ra khng thng, trong qu trnh ct sinh ra nhit.

Phng php ct bng n dao:

Phng php ny cng l gii php ca mt s cng ty trong nc chng

hn nh cng ty Plustuy nhin phng php ny cng khng mang li nng sut.

Hnh 1.9My ct bng n dao

-

u im: ct nhanh, ct chnh xc, thng v ng u.

-

Nhc im: ct c mt si, nng sut khng cao.

T nhng nhc im trn vic tm ra mt phng php c th thay th

cng nhn ct l vn cp thit cn phi lm ngay, nhm mc ch nng cao cht

lng sn phm cng nh nng sut lm vic v phng php ct bng dao l

phng php mang li kt qu tt nht v chnh xc nht. Nhm chn phng

php ct bng dao tuy nhin phng php ct y nhm la chn l ct bng

17 con dao t song song vi nhau.

1.4 Mc tiu ca ti

Thit kv ch to my ct nilon thnh si 6mm. a cng ngh tin tin vo dy

chuyn sn xut, thay th lao ng chn tay bng my mc hin i, tng cao nng xut


10/45

- 8 -

v cht lng sn phm, gim chi ph m doanh nghip phi chi tr cho cng nhn ln.

p ng yu cu cp thit ca cng ty.

1.5 Phng php nghin cu ca ti

Xy dng tng: S dng mi trng internet v sch bo trong th vin

trng, nhm xy dng tng x l tng phn trong h thng.

Tnh ton, m phng: Da trn kin thc tm hiu trn sch Nguynl chi

tit my, Sc bn vt liu, nhm thc hin tnh ton v kch thc cng nh

la chn nguyn vt liu thc hin h thng. Nhm ng thi s dng phn mm

solidwworks thc hin v v m phng h thng.

Thi cng v hiu chnh h thng: Nhm c s h tr ca cc thy

xng thc hnh c kh.

Th nghim thc t: H thng c th nghim ti xng thc hnh c kh.

1.6 i tng v phm vi nghin cu

i tng nghin cu l sn phm quai g nn

Hnh 1.10 Dng coil g nn

sn xut c nn l phi tri qua 6 cng on tuy nhin nhm ch i su vo

nghin cu cng on ct nilon thnh si 6mm.

Hnh 1.11 Quy trnh ct thnh si


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- 9 -

Chng 2

C S L Thuyt

2.1 Gii thiu tng quan vbin tn

Bin tn c th c s dng cho nhiu mc ch khc nhau nhng bin tn t

c hiu qucao nht trong ng dng iu khin v cp tc ng c p ng cc

yu cu vcng ngh. Ty vo vic ng dng bin tn trong nhng lnh vc iu khin

khc nhau m hiu qu ca n mang li cho ngi ng dng th hin cc mt khc

nhau. Nh trong gii php ny th n dng iu khin tc ng c.

Nguyn l lm vic ca bbin tn kh n gin. u tin, ngun in xoay chiu

mt pha hay ba pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun mt chiu. Cng on ny c

thc hin bi bchnh lu cu diode v tin. Nhvy, hscng sut cos() ca h

bin tn c gi trkhng phthuc vo ti v bng t nht l 0.96. in p mt chiu ny

c bin i (nghch lu) thnh in p xoay chiu ba pha i xng. Cng on ny

hin nay c thc hin thng qua hIGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng

phng php iu chnh rng xung (PWM). Nhtin bcng nghvi xl v cng

nghbn dn cng sut hin nay, tn schuyn mch xung c thln ti di tn ssiu

m nhm gim ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c.

Hnh 2.1 Nguyn l hot ng bin tn


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- 10 -

Cu trc ca bbin tn bn dn: Bbin tn l thit bbin i ngun in ttn

scnh (thng 50Hz) sang ngun in c tn sthay i cung cp cho ng c xoay

chiu.

in p xoay chiu tn s cnh (50Hz) c chnh lu thnh ngun mt chiu

nhbchnh lu (CL), (c thl khng iu khin hoc bchnh lu iu khin), sau

qua blc v bnghch lu (NL) sbin i thnh ngun in p xoay chiu ba pha c

tn sbin i cung cp cho ng c.

C khnng iu chnh tn stheo gi trtc ci t mong mun.

C khnng iu chnh in p theo tn sduy tr t thng khe hkhng i

trong vng iu chnh momen khng i.

u im ca bin tn

H thng iu chnh tc ng c bng bin tn c kt cu n gin, lm vic

c trong nhiu mi trng khc nhau.

Cho php mrng di iu chnh v nng cao tnh cht ng hc ca hthng

iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu.

Khnng iu chnh tc ng c ddng.

C khnng p ng cho nhiu ng dng khc nhau.

Cc thit bn lyu cu tc lm vic cao (my li tm, my mi...) Cc c im kthut tiu chun:

Dy tn st0.1 n 400Hz.

Xl tn hiu -10 ~ 10VDC, 0 ~10VDC , 4 ~ 110mA.

Cng giao tip RS - 485.

Thi gian tng gim tc: 0.1 giy n 3600 giy

Phanh hm DC: Tn shot ng 0 ~ 400Hz, thi gian khi ng t0- 25 giy, thi

gian dng, t0 - 25 giyNg ra Analog: Chn tn sng ra hoc gim st dng.

Cc chc nng bo v: Qu ti, qu dng, thp p, qu ti motor, dng r, qu ti, qu

nhit, ngn mch.


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- 11 -

Phm hin th: 8 k t, 5 s, 7 on LED, 8 trng thi LED, tn sch, tn sng ra,

dng ng ra, custom units, gi trtham sci, t, xem li v bo li, Run, Stop, Reset,

Fwd/Rev, Job

Hnh 2.2 Mn hnh iu khin chnh ca bin tn

S kt ni: Nhm sdng bin tn mt pha hoc kt ni bin tn 3 pha vo

220V v ni ng ra vo ng c.

Hnh 2.3 Kt ni bin tn IE5 ca LS

Dng bin tn LS - IE5 vi kch thc nhhn 5% so vi cc sn phm trc .

Vi IE5, vn hnh trln ddng bi 6 phm chc nng v 1 trit p trn mt, ng thi

vn m bo gii hn cc thng sbo vvi 100 thng struy cp.


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Bng 2.1 Thng sbin tn IE5

Thng sci t bin tn

f = 44.80 (mc n nh)

Acc = 0 ( thi gian chy)

Dec = 0 ( thi gian dng)

Drv = 1 (iu khin bng tn hiu)

Frq = 3 (iu khin bng bin trngoi)

P16 = 160 (ci t thng stn sln nht)

P17 = 110 (ci t thng stn sc bn)

2.2 ng c c hp s

Nguyn l hot ng ca ng c l bin nng lng in thnh chuyn ng quay

(in nng thnh c nng).

i lng c trng ca ng c l ln ca Momen xon (vng/pht).

chn ng c cho b truyn trc ht ta phi chn cng sut cn thit.

K hiu:


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- 13 -

K hiu v hnh nh

Hnh 2.4 ng c 1 pha c hp s

2.3 Nt nhn (PB Pushbutton)

Nt nhn l loi kh c in dng ng ngt cc thit b in bng tay. Cc cp

tip im trong nt nhn s chuyn trng thi khi c ngoi lc tc ng, cn khi b lc tc

ng th nt nhn s tr li trng thi c. chnh l im khc bit c bn gia nt nhn

v cng tc.

Trong mch in cng nghip, nt nhn thng c dng khi ng, dng, o

chiu quay ng c thng qua contactor hoc rle trung gian.

Hnh nh v k hiu:

Hnh 2.5 Nt nhn

Cng dng:

Trong h thng dng dng khi ng Start, dng lm nt dng Stop, cng tc

chuyn ch lm vic.


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- 14 -

2.4 Xch

Xch c ng dng rt nhiu trong cc my mc trong cng nghip v s tin dng

ca n, hot ng chnh xc. Ta chn xch DID c m s l A

Cu to v hnh nh

Hnh 2.6 Cu tov hnh nh

Hnh 2.7 Hnh nh thc t mt xch


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- 15 -

2.5 Bc n

Cu to v hnh nh thc t

Hnh 2.8 Cu to

Hnh 2.9 Hnh nh thc t bc n

2.6 Gi ( UCP )

Trong my ct nilon ta x dng gi gip cho cc chi tit ng chuyn ng ddng hn.

Hnh 2.10 Hnh nh thit k gi


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Cu to v hnh nh thc t

Hnh 2.11 Hnh nh thc t v cu to UCP

Thng s k thut ca mt s loi gi ( UCP)

2.7 T in

T in ng vai tr quan trong trong vic vn hnh h thng my mc. Ta chn

loi t mini vung c kch thc 30 X 40 cm.

Hnh 2.12 T in iu khin


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- 17 -

Chng 3

Thit K V Thi Cng

3.1 Tnh ton v thit k

3.1.1 Xc nh nguyn l cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca my

Nguyn l cu to ca hthng my ct nilon

Trong qu trnh tm hiu thc t ti cng ty Lan Phng Thnh Phtnhm tnh

ton chi tit da trn c s l thuyt v thc tin nhu cu ca doanh nghip nhm tm

hiu rt nhiu phng php nhng nhn thy phng php ct bng dao rc giy ph hp

hn c bi nhng u im ca n. Nhm thit k v a ra bn v tng th ca my.

1

5

4

3

1

Hnh 3.1 Hthng ct nilon tng tng th

Hthng ct nilon thnh si c btr nh trong hnh v3.1. Hthng bao gm:

(1) cm c cu cp liu, (2) cm dn hng ct, (3) cm ct liu, (4) dn hng thu, (5)

cm thu liu.


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S khi

Sau khi tri qua qu trnh quan st thao tc ca ngi cng nhn thc hin cng on

ct nilon thnh si. Nhm a ra s khi nguyn l hot ng ca my ct nilon

nh sau:

Nguyn Liu

Cm cp liu

Dn hngct

Cm ct liu Dn hngthu

Cm thu liu

Sn phm

Hnh 3.2 S khi ca my

Chc nng ca tng khi

-

Nguyn liu: Cun nilon trn c s dng ct thnh si 6mm c kch

thc D = 550mm, l = 110mm

-

Cm cp liu: Nguyn liu s c a n y cp liu cho my hot

ng.

- Dn hng ct: L ni m nguyn liu s i vo u tin, ti y cun nguyn

liu s c p lm thng v to lc cng.

- Cm ct liu: Sau khi cun nguyn liu c lm cng ra s c a vo

cm ct liu ti y nilon s c ct ra thnh tng si nh c b rng 6mm bi

17 con dao t trong dao c thit k sn.

-

Dn hng thu:Sau khi qu trnh ct hon tt th nguyn liu s c thu liqua cm c cu dn hng thu c thit k theo hnh ch u m bo nilon

sau khi ct s i ra ng hng.

-

Cm thu liu:Ti cm ny sau khi nilon c ct thnh si s c thu li

thng qua trc thu liu.

-

Sn phm:Gm cc si nilon c b rng 6mm c qun quanh rul.


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Tm tt hot ng ca my

Cun nilon sau khi c chn lc k m bo dy ph hp s c a

vo cun ru l cp liu cho my. Tip n nguyn liu s i qua cm c cu dn

hng ct y nilon s c lm cng tin cho vic ct c d dng hn, sau

qu trnh ct s din ra. Sau khi ct xong nilon s c a ti cm c cu dn

hng thu v chuyn ti rul thu.

3.2 Tnh ton, thit k v phc tho phn c kh.

3.2.1 Cm c cu cp liu

3.2.1.1 Rul cp liu

Rul cp liu c thit k c th chu c sc nng ca nguyn liu khong 50kg.

T yu cu tnh ton thit k ta tnh ton c kch thc ca trc rul, chn vt liu

gia cng l st c trn, hnh tr.

Ta c:

Cng sut ng c 375W= 0,375KW. Vn tc trc n = 100 vng/pht. Hiu sut

truyn l 100%. Nh vy ti tit din B v C s nhn c cng sut truyn ln lt l

0,125KW v 0,250KW. Bit c [] = 16 kN/cm2; [] = 0.250/m; a = 0.2m; G = 8.103

kN/cm2.

Ngu lc xon tc dng ln A, B, C ln lt l M1,M2, M3.p dng vo cng thcchuyn i:

Ta c:

M1= 1740x0.375/100 = 6,525 N.m

M2= 1740x0.125/100 = 2,175 N.m

M3= 1740x0.250/100 = 4,35 N.m

Biu ni lc:


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Theo iu kin bn:

max [] W

Z

P

M=

30, 2

ZM

D []D3

0,2.[ ]

ZM

D 3

0,2.[ ]

ZM

Vi [] = [] / 2 = 8 kN/cm2, MZ= 4,35 N.m = 435 N.cm, ta c:

D 6,478 cm (1)

Theo iu kin cng:

max [].

Z

P

M

G J=

4.0,1

ZM

G D []D4

.0,1[ ]

zM

G D 4

.0,1[ ]

ZM

G

Vi [] = 0,250/m = 0,00436 Rad/m, MZ= 4,35 N.m = 435 N.cm, G = 8.103kN/cm2

Ta c:

D 3,35 cm (2)

tha mn yu cu (1) v (2), ta chn D = 7 cm.

+ kch thc c th :

r1 = 70 mm, r2= 40 mm, l = 670mm.

nh 3.3 Thit k trc rul cp liu

Hnh 3.4 Hnh nh thc t rulo cp liu


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3.2.1.2 Gi trc rul

Gi trc liu c thit k gm cc khp t do, trn c b tr cc bc n

nhm mc ch cho trc rul chuyn ng nh nhng v d dng cho qu trnh tho lp v

thay th nguyn liu.

Hnh 3.5 Thit k gi trc liu

Hnh 3.6 Hnh nh thc t


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3.2.1.3 La chn liu

La chn liu c lm bng st c dy 10mm, c dng p cht cun liu

nhm mc ch c nh nguyn liu.

Hnh 3.7 Thit k la chn liu

3.2.1.4 Bc n

Ta chn bc n thay th bi v bc n lm n gin ha kt cu v gim bt khi

lng gia cng, chu c mi mn v cbit l kh nng thay th khi sa cha. Trong

b mt ca l c rnh cha du bi trn, c trng quan trng v kch thc ca bc

n l t s chiu di v ng knh trong ca bc n: 9,05,0 d

l

Hnh 3.8Bc n


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Tng th cm c cu cp liu

Tng th cm c cu cp liu bao gm: trc rul, la chn liu, gi trc liu.

1

32

Hnh 3.9 Phc tho tng th cm c cu cp liu

(1)

Gi trc liu, (2) la chn liu, (3) ru l cp liu

M t hot ng ca cm c cu cp liu

Nguyn liu sau khi c cp vo trc rul s c 2 la chn liu p li cho

cht nhm mc ch c nh nguyn liu khng cho dch chuyn, ng thi 2 bn

trc rul c trang b sn cc bc n s lm cho qu trnh chuyn ng ca trc

d dng hn, ( trc rul c thit k trng thi t do d dng cho qu trnh

chuyn ng ).

3.2.2 Khung chnh v c cu truyn ng ca my

3.2.2.1 Khung chnh

Khung chnh c thit k hnh hp chnht, s dng vt liu st hp30x60x1.4

mm. Kt cu khung hnh hp ch nht s gip kh nng chu lc ca khung c tt hn,

ng thi vic lp t my c d dng. Khung chnh l ni lp ng c, trc chnh v

g cc cm c cu dn hng.


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Hnh 3.10 Thit k khung chnh

Hnh 3.11Hnh nh thc t khung chnh

3.2.2.2 C cu truyn ng ca my

Thit k b truyn phn bnh rng cp chm(B hp s ca ng c)

Chn vt liu v phng php nhit luyn:

B truyn chu ti trng nh v trung bnh c th dng thp ti ci thin (ti ri ram

nhit cao), thp thng ha hoc thp c ch to bnh vt. rn b mt

HB


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Bnh rng nh: Thp C50 thng ha, b = 620(N/mm2), ch = 320(N/mm

2), Xc

nh ng sut cho php:

- ng sut tip xc cho php:

'0

. NNtxtx K (3.21)

Trong :

+ 0Ntx

: ng sut tip xc cho php khi bnh rng lm vic lu di, 0Ntx

=

2,6HB

+ 'NK : H s chu k ng sut tip xc

6 0'

td

NN

NK (3.22)

Vi:

N0: S chu k c s ca ng cong mi un,7

0 10N

tdN : S chu k ng sut tng ng

untNNtd 60 (3.23)

Vi:

u: S ln n khp ca bnh rng trong mt vng quay

n: S vng quay trong mt pht ca bnh rngt: Tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng

t = sgi/ca, sca/ngy, sngy/nm. s nm lm vic= 8.2.260.8 = 33280

Thay vo cng thc, 0NNtd chn'

NK = 1

-

Vy ng sut tip xc cho php:

)/(598230.6,2 21

mmNtx

-

ng sut un cho php:

Bnh rng quay hai chiu ng sut trong rng s thay i i chiu:

nK

KNu

''

14,1 (3.24)

Trong :

1 : Gii hn mi un trong chu k ng sut c xc nh bng cng thc:


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b .45,01

Thp C45: )/(270600.45,0 21 mmN

n :H s bn d tr, chn n = 1,5

K : H s tp trung ng sut chn rng,

K = 1,8

''

NK : H s chu k ng sut un

m

td

NN

NK 0'' (3.25)

Trong :

N0: S chu k c s ca ng cong mi un, bnh rng c ch to bng

thp, 60 10.5N

m: Bc ng cong mi un, i vi thp m = 6

Ntd: S chu k ng sut tng ng c tnh theo cng thc (3.23)

710.4033280.4,101.2.60 td

5,010.40

10.56

7

6''

NK

ng sut un cho php:

)/(708,1.5,15,0.270.4,1

22 mmNu

- ng sut qu ti cho php:

+ ng sut tip xc qu ti cho php:

0

.5,2Ntxtxqt

(3.26)

Bnh rng nh: )/(1300200.6,2.5,2 22

mmNtxqt

+ ng sut un qu ti cho php:

chuq t 8,0 (3.27)

Bnh rng nh: )/(240300.8,0 22

mmNuq t

Chn s b h s ti trng Ksb: Ksb = 1,4

Chn h s chiu rng bnh rng: 3,0A

bA


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Chn cp chnh xc ch to b truyn bnh rng nhanh:

)/(4,02,4.10.6

4,101.150.14,3.2

)1(10.6

2

10.6 441

4

11 smi

AnndV

Chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng cp 9

Kim nghim qu ti t ngt:

-

b truyn c kh nng chu qu ti trong thi gian ngn cn kim tra b truyn

qu ti theo iu kin :

txqtqttxtxqt K

uq tqtuuq t K

Trong :

u,tx: L gi tr ng sut un v ng sut tip xc ca b truyn tnh theo ti trngdanh ngha

3144,101.50

58,2.4,1.2,4

2,3.150

10.05,1

.

..)1(

.

10.05,1 36

2

36

1

nb

NKi

iAtx

:qtK H s qu ti ca h thng

M

MKqt

max

Trong :

Mmax: Moment ln nht c th cung cp c cho ng c in

M: Moment xon danh ngha, N.mm

Ta c:

9,1max m

M

M9,3577818831.9,1.9,1max mMM

05,07,730828

9,35778

qt

K

11

7005,0.314 txqttxqt

11 49,305,0.8,69 uq tuq t

Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc:


30/45

- 28 -

)(2162364,0.594120.5941.

)(5941246

7,730828.22

0

21

21

NtgtgPPP

Nd

MPPP

rr

x

Tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

B truyn ng bao gm cc bnh rng truyn ng v ng c.

Hnh 3.12 Hnh nh thit k tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

Hnh 3.13 Hnh nh thc t tng th khung chnh v b truyn ng

3.2.3 Thit k cm c cu dn hng.

3.2.3.1 Thit k dn hng.

Cm c cu dn hng c thit k theo hnh zch zc vi cc con ln m bo

cho nguyn liu khi cp vo cho cm ct liu c thng v chnh xc.

Gm c: np liu vo, zch zc, np liu ra.


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3.2.3.2 Np liu vo

Npliu vo c thit k gm 2 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau v 2 con ln

bn hng nhm mc ch qun liu vo trong khung dn hng khi liu i ra ngoi. Khi

m nilon i qua c cu ny th 2 con ln s p cht nh hnh nilon v 2 con ln bn

hng s cun liui vo trong khun np liu. Np liu c gia cng bng st, c dy

10mm, c kh nng chu lc ln.

Hnh 3.14 Thit k np liu vo

Hnh 3.15Hnh thc t chi tit np liu vo


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3.2.3.3 Zch zc

Cm zch zc c thit k gm c 3 con ln c chiu di 190mm c np vo cc

gi m bo cho nguyn liu i qua n d dng v to lc cng cp liu cho cm c

cu ct.

Cm zch zc c thit k gm c 3 con ln, 6 gi ( UCP). Khi nguyn liu i

vo cm, 3 con ln c thit k theo hnh zch zc to lc cng cho liu. Lc ny s

c mt lc rt ln tc ng ln cm c cu ny nhng nh cc gi c b ch sn nn

gim c lc ma st gip cho liu i qua d dng.

Hnh 3.16 Thit k cm c cu zch zc

Hnh 3.17Hnh nh thc t cm c cu zch zc


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3.2.3.4 Np liu ra

Np liu ra c thit k gm 2 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau. Np liu c

gia cng bng st, c dy 10mm, c kh nng chu lc ln.

Hnh 3.18 Thit k np liu ra

Hnh 3.19Hnh thc t np liu ra

3.2.4 Thit k cm c cu ct

Trn thc t c rt nhiu kiu ct nilon thnh si nh kiu ct bng li ca, ct

bng trc, ct bng aTuy nhin nhng kiu ct ny c nhng nhc im nht

nh trong vic ct nilon v n sinh ra nhit rt ln v ng ct khng thng. Trong


34/45

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trng hp ny nhm nghin cu tm hiu phng php ct bng dao rc giy, phng

php ny c th gip gii quyt c yu cu t ra v d dng iu chnh.

1

2

3

4

Hnh 3.20 Tng th cm c cu ct

(1)Thanh g dao, (2)Khun cha dao, (3)Tng , (4) Trc g dao

Hnh 3.21 Hnh nh thc t cm c cu ct

M t hot ng ca cm c cu ct liu

Nguyn liu sau khi c lm thng s c a n c cu ct, ti y dao

ct s c iu chnh sao cho hp l bi h thng tng . Trc g dao c thit

k trng thi t do nn n c th gip cho my gim c lc ct ln dao. Khi

nguyn liu i qua th dao dc giy c thit k t sn trong khun dao, gm

17 con dao dc giy t song song cch nhau 6mm ch sn trong khun dao, khi

nilon i ti th n s ct thnh tng si mt. pha di khun dao ta thit k trc

g dao, trc ny c thit k x rnh quanh trc gip lm gim lc ct tip xc

vi dao lm cho qu trnh ct liu c d dng hn.


35/45

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3.2.4.1 Thanh g dao

Thanh g dao c thit k theo hnh tr vung c chiu di 360mm, b rng ngang

l 20mx20m, gia cng bng st, 2 u c gn 2 ci gi m bo cho vic iu

chnh g dao c d dng.

Hnh. 3.22 Thit k thanh g dao

Hnh 3.23Hnh nh thc t thanh g dao

3.2.4.2 Khun cha dao ct

Thanh g dao c thit k theo kiu dng khun gm 17 rnh c kch thc 0,6mm

dng t dao vo trong rnh, khong cch gia cc rnh l 6mm m bo cho nguyn

liu i vo va rnh, pha trn khun c thit k gm ch U gip cho vic tho lp v

thay dao d dng. Khun cha dao c gia cng bng st siu cng m bo v

cng v khong cch gia cc rnh t mc chnh xc cao nht c th.


36/45

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Hnh 3.24 Thit k khun cha dao

Hnh 3.25Hnh nh thc k khun cha dao

3.2.4.3 Trc g dao

Trc g dao c thit k theo kiu tr trn c th xoay gim lc ct ca my,

gip cho qu trnh ct d dng hn. Trc g dao c gia cng bng st ng knh D =

40mm, khong cch gia cc rnh l b = 0.7mm (gm 17 rnh), b rng ca cc rnh l

6mm, hai u c tin trn g gi v y l trc xoay.


37/45

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Hnh 3.26 Thit k trc g dao

Hnh 3.27 Hnh nh thct trc g dao

3.2.4.4 Tng

Tng cthit k theo kiu ch U ngc gip cho thanh g dao c c nh

chc chn khi my chy.

Hnh 3.28 Tng


38/45

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3.2.4.5 Thanh gi

Thanh gi c thit kt theo kiu ch U ngc m bo s chc chn. S dng

st 40x40mmc chiu di l = 13 mm.

Hnh 3.29 Thit k Thanh gi

3.2.5 Thit k cm c dn hng thu

Cm c cu dn hng ra c thit k gm 4 con ln pha gia np li vi nhau

v 2 con ln bn hng nhm mc ch qun liu ra trong khung dn hng khi liu ira

ngoi. Cm dn hng thuc gia cng bng st, c dy 10mm, c kh nng chu

lc ln.

Hnh 3.30 Thit k cm c cu dn hng thu


39/45

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Hnh 3.31 Hnh nh thc t c cu dn hng thu3.2.6 Thit k cm c dn hng thu

3.2.6.1 Trc cun thu

Rul thu liu c thit k c th chu c sc nng ca nguyn liu khong 30kg ,

t yu cu thit k ta tnh ton c kch thc ca trc, vt liu gia cng l st c

trn, hnh tr, c x rnh a liu vo gip cho cun liu c g chc chn.

+ kch thc c th :

r1 = 50mm, r2= 70mm, l = 500mm.

Hnh 3.32 Thit k cun thu rul


40/45

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Hnh 3.33Hnh nh thc t cun thu rul

3.2.6.2 ng c

Gi N- cng sut lm vic, l hiu sut chung, ctN l cng sut cn thit, th: chn ng c in cn tnh cng sut cn thit:

Gi:

N- cng sut bng ti

- hiu sut chung

Nct- cng sut cn thit:

Ta c:

ct

NN

Trong :

1000

PvN

T yu cu ca doanh nghip, ta c cc thng s sau:

-

Vn tc ca bng ti v = 0,5 m/s.

-

P lc ko xch ti P = 300 N.

Vy ta c:

Trong :

WkWPv

N 15015.01000

5.0*300

1000


41/45

- 39 -

- Hiu sut ca cc b truyn:

21*

1 = 0,94 Hiu sut b truyn xch

2 = 0,99 Hiu sut ca mt cp ln.

= 0,94 * 0,99 = 0,93

WNct 3,16193,0

150

Nh vy thun tin trong vic g t ng c v kt cu nhgn ca h thng,

nn ng c c thit k truyn ng vi con ln qua xch ti. Da vo thng s tnh

ton v th trng nhm la chn ng c c gim tc qua hp s ca hng

ORIENTAL (Japan) vi thng skthut nh sau: AC 200-240V, 1200-1700rpm, cng

sut Hp (375w), hsgim tc ca hp s170 ln.

Sau khi tnh ton chn ng c qua b phn gim tc c s vng quay 100

vng/pht.

Thit ktrc qun thanh D = 70mm.

Cun nilon c l = 100-150m.

Nh vy cng sut lm vic ca my t c l: 15-20pht/1 cun. p ng ng yu

cu nh sn xut mong mun.

-

Tstruyn:

Chn Z1= 20 rng, Z2 = 20 rng.

Tstruyn 1:1 nh vy bng vi cng sut quay ca ng c l 100 vng/pht t

cng sut ca my ct t bng cng sut ng c.

Hnh 3.34Hnh nh thc t ng c1 pha


42/45

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Hnh nh tng th cm c cu thu liu1

2

3

Hnh 3.35Hnh nh tng th cm thu liu

(1)Xch (2) rul thu liu (3) ng c

Nguyn l hot ng ca cm thu liu

Nguyn liu sau khi c ct v a vo cm c cu thu liu n s c

rul thu liu thu li nh xch ti v ng c.

Hnh 3.36 Bn vthit khon chnh my ct nilon thnh si

Hnh 3.37 Hnh nh thc t thi cng


43/45

- 41 -

Chng 4

Kt Lun V Kin Ngh

4.1 Kt lun

- thit kv chto thnh cng my ct nilon thnh si 6mm cho cng ty LanPhng Thnh Pht, si dy ct ra di, thng, p ng c yu cu ca doanh

nghip.

- Hin nay my chy thnghim ti xng c kh ca trng v ban u thu

c mt skt qukhquan. My chy n nh, ct chnh xc, si ct ra u.

- My hot ng n nh vi nng sut 5 cun sn phm/gi. D s dng v bo

dng, thn thin vi mi trng.

Hnh 4.1Hnh nh thc t myhon thin

Hnh 4.2 Hnh nh thc t sn phm ct ra t yu cu


44/45

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4.2Nhng hn ch trong qu trnh thc hin

-

Hu ht cc chi tit ca my khng c sn trn th trng, nhm phi t gia

cng v ch to.

-

Chi ph vt t tng cao, v th nhm phi cn nhc, la chn k cng nguyn

vt liu nhm bo bn vng nhng cng phi c tnh kinh t.

So snh hiu qu kinh t ca my so vi cng nhn

Ch tiu nh

giMy ct nilon 1 cng nhn 10 cng nhn

1 gilm vic 5 cun sn phm 0,5 cun sn phm 5 cun sn phm

1ca lm vic (8

gi)40 cun (gii lao) 4 cun (gii lao) 40 cun (gii lao)

Chi ph 600.000/thng 4tr/thng 35tr/thng


45/45

- 43 -

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1].Lu c Bnh (12-2005), Gio trnh cng ngh ch to my,khoa C Kh, Trng

H Bch Khoa Nng.

[2].Trnh Cht L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh Tp 1, Nh xut

bn gio dc, 1999.

[3] Trn Hu Qu(chbin) (2007), Vkthut c kh (tp 1), Nxb Gio dc.

[4] Trn Hu Qu(chbin) (2007), Vkthut c kh (tp 2), Nxb Gio dc.

Tham kho trang Web

[5] http://www.omron.com.vn

[6] http://www.trangthietbidien.vn

[7] http://www.ufo.com.vn

[8] http://www.tienphat-automation.com

[123doc.vn] nghien cuu thiet ke va che tao may cat nilon thanh soi

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