12 eylül 1980 darbesi hakkındaki iddianame

8/3/2019 12 Eyll 1980 Darbesi hakkndaki iddianame

1/94

T%@%

BEGB^B

@\IM\^XLT NBPBQ@HCHH

-@IG >622/141

Lpbp Eo : >62>/>

ddhbebil Eo : >62>/>

D D B E B I L

BEGB^B %%%%% BH^ @LZB IBMGLILPEL

-@IG >< do|ic|# PTBEN\C hch# GBDHGX hclph# @BAL^BB gx/ibmbcclph# 4`hct# 22;1 bhcl p~b eo# 4 p~b eo+db ea|pb gbxtc Gbdgx/ PTBEN\C hgbilt ldl~%

>) BMILT GLEBE LQ^LE# MBX^\CCBM Oc| EB@XL+dle ocib#62/62/282= do|ic|# BEGB^B hch# BEGBXB hclph# EBIHGGLIBC IBM%gx/ibmbcclph# 1> `hct# /62/28=6 Tb~hmh# 2>/68/28=6)61/2>/28=0 Tb~hmcl~h B~bp

P\ XL^ : Begb~b

PLQG IBDDLP : ;1< Pbxc T~g @lzb Gbe|e|e|e 241# =6# 02# 00% Ibddlcl~h

-Ml~ gh vmlch Mbggedb Bx~ Bx~(


2/94

DLCCCL^ :

ddhbebilxl lgclele itlgh nlxbecb~# Ilmilt Dlih~ hphich ghh tb~baedbekedl~hcle 2 bdlt DQD# T~ghxl Nxg Ihcclt Il`chph Nbgbec Gbe|ecb~ qlGb~b~cb~ Nbgbecee >8/22/>622 tb~hmch 0=4=0 pbxc xbzp ql lgcl~h# T%@%

Nbnbgbecg Gbe|ecb~ ql Gb~b~cb~ Klelc Id~cee >;/2>/>622 tb~hmch 4>;2pbxc xbzp ql lgcl~h# Tbeg Bmilt \e`|+e|e habdl t|tbeb -Gbm~bibeib~b LpghNlcldhxl Nbgbe(# Tbeg ^balt lcch+ehe habdl t|tbeb -o~|i Lpgh Qbchph(#Bgphxoe Dl~khphehe ;;6% pbxp# >622 pbxabdbe hnb~lt og Khzch hnb~lch nlckl# Bdbeb @|im|~hxlt Nbpbq`ctb~baedbe vmlch Bmilt Glebe Lq~le mbggedb @|im|~hxlt Pbq`p Pb`ht Gbxbp|tb~baedbe mbz~cbebe ddhbebil# vmlchcl~ Bmilt Glebe Lq~le ql Bch Tbmphebmhegbxb qlghccl~h tb~baedbe ql~hcle pbq|eib dhclglph# T~ghxl Nxg IhccltIl`chph Klelc Plg~ltl~chh Gbe|ecb~ ql Gb~b~cb~ Dbh~lph Nbgbec Gbe|ecb~ qlGb~b~cb~ Id~cee 26 Mbzh~be >622 tb~hmch 148=> pbxc lghedl 6 LxccNlcklplchehe n|c|ed|| 4 bdlt DQD# vmlch Bch Tbmphe bmhegbxb+ee habdlt|tbeb ql habdlxl hchghe > bdlt iheh DQ gbplt ql > bdlt DQD# NbnbgbecgVl~poelc ql V~lephvcl~ Klelc Id~cee 2 Mbzh~be >622 tb~hmch ql Lxcc 28=6 tb~hmch 2;260 igl~~l~ pbxc ^lpih Kbzltldl xbxecbebe 2>Lxcc Bpgl~h db~nlphxcl hckhch nhcdh~hcl~l hchghe ^lpih Kbzltl gtp -cgl xelthihellc goe|cd||eb hchghe hcg nhcdh~h ocbe 2 e|ib~bc nhcdh~h hcl >#0#4#= Lghi 28=6 tb~hmch 2;24< pbxc# 2> B~bcg28=6 tb~hmch 2;2== igl~~l~ pbxc# < Mbzh~be 28=2 tb~hmch 2;012 pbxc ^lpihKbzltlcl~dl xl~ bcbe >0>4 pbxc# >0>< pbxc# >0


3/94

2%Po~|t|~ibee Nbcbibp

N| po~|t|~ib# 2> Lxcc >626 tb~hmhedl xbvcbe ~lal~bed|icb Bebxbpbee klh`h2 Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlph mli dl n|delidl ib~|z gbcdgcb~e nlch~thgcl~h hgle`l hddhbcb~ hcl hckhch p| d|x|~|p|edbn|c|ei|cb~d~% Dhl~ hccl~dlgh @|im|~hxlt Nbpbq`cgcb~eb ql~hcle hgbxltdhclglcl~hxcl nbcbtcbe po~|t|~ibcb~ db# Bebxbpbx hmcbc -bpgl~h db~nl(p|cb~xcb hckhch po~|t|~ibcb~e tbibi hcl hgle`l hddhbcb~xcb hckhchpo~|t|~ibcb~e nxg nh~ gpi xltghphzchg gb~b~cb~ ql~hcl~lg Nbpbq`cizbkedl~hcihth~%

Nbpbq`cizdb vmlchcl~ Bmilt Glebe LQ^LE# Bch Tbmphe BMEGBXB#

Eljbt TIL^# Pldbt @LCBP\E ql E|~ltthe L^PE mbggedbgh Bebxbpbx hmcbc-bpgl~h db~nl( p||edbe x~tcle po~|t|~ib tla~hg ldhcl~lg Nbpbq`cize>622/141 pbxc po~|t|~ibpeb gbxdldhcihth~%

vmlchcl~l btc n|c|ebe p|# gbi| bdeb goq|t|~|cibp kl~lglep|cb~dbe ocd||edbe# hddhbebilxl itlghcl~he bdcb~ee xbzcibpeb kl~lgk~cilihth~% Itlghcl~he hgle`l ql gt i|bilcl p|cb~edbe docbx hckhchdopxbcb~edb po~|t|~ib dlqbi ltilgtldh~%

X~tcle po~|t|~ibdb vmlchcl~he lxclicl~h# dliog~bph ql dliog~bthgg|~|icb~ mldla bci ocibp eldlehxcl e`lchgcl# dliog~bph gbq~bieb xl~ql~hcl`lg# b~dedbe# klchele eogtbdb# n| keg bdb becbxb k~l klelc ocb~bgnlehiplele# o|c`| dliog~bph tl~hih zl~hedl gpb`b d|~|cb`bgt~%

Dbmb poe~b 2> Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlphedl kl~lgl ocb~bg kptl~hcle elichtl~~ ocbxcb~eb xl~ ql~hcdhgtle poe~b hddhbebilehe goe|p| ocbe vmlchcl~helxclicl~hel dlhehcl`lgth~%

>%Dliog~bph

N| ke# tb~tcbe nh~ tbgi lgphgchgcl~h ocibpeb ~bile dliog~bph# xelthilghccl~h hl~hphedl le hxh xelthi nhhih ocb~bg gbn|c ldhcilgtldh~%

Dliog~bphehe tb~hmhel nbgcdedb xbgcbg >#p%>#;(B~bdb glphethcl~ql kl~hclilcl~ ocibgcb nh~chgtl dliog~bph gbq~bi tb~hm xoc`|c||edb p~lgchklchih ql hdlbc dliog~bph xelthihel |cbcibxb bccit~% Dliog~bph n|kehthnb~hxcl klcdhh eogtbdb nte gtbcb~b# hepbece qb~ ocd|| ml~ xl~l k~l`lchocb~bg xbxcit~% Dliog~bthg ocibxbe nbpg` ~ljhicl~ nh~l~ nh~l~ xgcb~bgdliog~bph bdeb bdicb~ btcibgtbd~% N| d|~|i# o|ec|gcb mbcge nbpgcb~ qlbxbgcbeibcb~ poe|`|edb xelthicl~h zo~cbibpxcb o~tbxb gibgtbd~%


4/94

0%Tbei

Dliog~bph# Cbthe`l nh~ dlxhi oc|v# mbcg becbieb klcle .dliop. hcl .lklilechg)hgthdb~. becbieb klcle .g~btop. glchilcl~hehe nh~clhihedle ilxdbeb klcihth~%Glchil ocb~bg dliog~bph# mbcge gledh gledheh xeltilph# mbcg hgthdb~ becbiebklcilgtldh~% zk~cg# ghhehe gledh gledheh xeltilph# nbgbp tb~baedbexelthcililph ocb~bg dll~cledh~hcdhhedl dliog~bph tovc|i ql ghh xeedlezk~cg becbieb klcilgtldh~% Docbxpxcb zk~cg ql dliog~bph nh~nh~hehg|btbe ql tbibicbxbe gbq~bicb~d~% -2# p%28(

Dliog~bph gbq~bie hcg g|ccbebecb~e X|ebeccb~ ocd|| ql nxg hmthibcclBthebccb~ ocd|| pbecibgtbd~% -># p%22(

4%o|c`| Dliog~bph

Dliog~bphehe klchhi p~l`hedl nh~nh~hxcl nbdbibxbe# nh~nh~hel zt hgh bx~dliog~bph becbx o~tbxb git~% N|ecb~dbe hcghel gcbphg dliog~bph qlxbo|c`| dliog~bph xb db nbt dliog~bphph# hghe`hphel hpl Ib~gphpt xb db popxbchptdliog~bph dlehcilgtldh~% o|c`| dliog~bph hdlbc zk~cl xhel zk~cg xoc|hcl |cbibx bibcbxbe nh~ ~ljhidh~% N| ~ljhidl zk~cg mli bib mli dlb~bt~% Ib~gphpt dliog~bph ~ljhihedl hpl zk~cg# nh~ b~b dlhc pbdl`l qb~cibpkl~lgle nh~ bibt~% N| bib`b zk~cg gbebc hcl dlhc be`bg v~ocltb~xb-H(dhgtbt~c-HH( hcl |cbcbnhch~% -2# p%28(

o|c`| dliog~bphxcl gb~t~cibibp kl~lgle nh~ dl o|ec|g|dliog~bph qb~d~% Ggcl~h ^o|pplb|e|e klelc h~bdl k~el dbxbebeo|ec|g| dliog~bph becbx# klelc h~bdl qlxb ihcch h~bdl dhxl bdcbed~cbeo|ec|g h~bdlphehe dbhib gbi| hxhchhel xelcdhh# eg o|ec||e gb~cb~xcbtovc|i|e klelc gb~cb~ee mhnh~ zbibe btibxb`b eogtbpedbe mb~lgltltilgtldh~% ^o|pplb|e|e becbtixcb klelc h~bdl xbecibz ehtlchgtldh~% -;#p%04(

N|eb gb~cg o|c`| dliog~bph becbx# dliog~bphxh i|tcbg ql pe~pz nh~o|ec|g hdb~lph ocb~bg gbn|c ltilz% B~htilthg nh~ o|ec||e dbhib gbi|

hxhchhel xelcl`lh# hpvbtcbeib higbe ocibxbe nh~ hddhbd~% Dliog~bph lcnlttlo|ec||e xelthih hcglphel dbxbeibgcb nh~chgtl# n|e| bzece tlilc mbgcb~xcbnbdbt~be nh~ xelthi nhhihdh~% Gbi|e|e hxhchh# tovc|i hhedlgh lhtchk~|vcb~e n|c|eibpedbe ql n|ecb~ b~bpedbgh zk~ tb~tib ql vbzb~cgcb~dbeo~tbxb gb~% N|eb k~l o|ec|g h~bdlpheh pe~cbxbe tldnh~cl~ ql g|~|icb~dliog~bphehe zel bxg~ dlhc# |xk|ed|~%-;# p%04(

Dliog~bph# nh~ pbct o|ec|g xelthih ocb~bg k~cpl nhcl# xhel dldliog~bthg nh~ ~ljhidl bzecg mbgcb~ee o|ec|b gb~ go~|eibp hcglphedleqbzklhclilz% eg tovc|i h~bdlphehe kl~lg ibebdb o~tbxb gbnhcilph hhe

lhtch k~cl~he zk~ nhhidl habdl ldhclnhcilph ql tb~tcbnhcilph kl~lgh~%Be`bg gbi|ox|e|e nxcl pl~nlptl oc|bnhcdhh nh~ tovc|idb# o|ec|g h~bdlph


5/94

zk~ ocb~bg o~tbxb gbnhch~% N| db# bzecgcb~e mbgcb~ee go~|eibpe zo~|ec|gcb~% Bgph mbcdl nlcch nh~ bedbgh o|ec||e k~ ml~ zbibe lklile gceiql n|keg bzece xb~egh o|ec|g mbchel klcilph higbe o~tbdbe gbcd~cioc|~% Bzecgcb~e tlilc mbgcb~ee tbeev tlihebt bcteb bceibd nh~ ~ljhidl#xelth`hcl~h plil zk~c dl nxg becbi tbibz% eg pl~nlpt lghcdl

oc|bibxbe gbi|ox| n| zk~cgtle dl kl~lgthh khnh xb~b~cbebibz%-;# p%04(

o|c`| ql o|ec|g| dliog~bph becbx bpedbe nh~ dll~cledh~ilxbvcdedb#28>4 Bebxbpbpee o|ec|g| dliog~bphxh# 2812 ql 28=>Bebxbpbcb~ee hpl o|c`| dliog~bph becbxe mbghi gcibg hptldhhbecbcibgtbd~%

28>4 Bebxbpbpedb gbe|ecb~e Bebxbpbxb bxg~c dlelthiphz n~bgci#docbxpxcb bzecg mbgcb~ kqle`lphz gbcit~% 2812 ql 28=> Bebxbpbcb~edb hplgbe|ecb~e bebxbpbxb bxg~cee dlelthih# phptli hl~hphedl xl~ bcbe BebxbpbIbmglilphel ql~hcihth~% N| lghcdl bzece mbgcb~ kqle`l bcteb bceit~%

28>4 Bebxbpbp dliog~bthg phptlih nlehiplih ocibpeb# mbttbBebxbpbdb xl~ bcbe Lklilechg gbxtpz Ihcclthedh~% T~g Ihccltheh be`bg T~ghxlNxg Ihcclt Il`chph tliphc ldl~ ql Ihcclt bdeb lklilechg mbgge xbcez Og|ccbe~ lgchedlgh dzleclilxl ~bile |xk|cbibdb# cgldl og vb~thch plhicl~hcg glz 2841 xcedb xbvcbnhcihth~%

2812 Bebxbpbp hcl klth~hcle phptlidl hpl# o|c`| dliog~bph ~ljhihnlehipleih ocibpeb ~bile# phxbplt g|~|i| ql phxbplthxl nlcch kqlephzchgo~tbxb goxbe ql o|ec|g hgthdb~e nbz n~og~bthg ilgbehzibcb~cb dleltclilxh

ql pe~cbibx bibcbxbe qlpbxlth dzleclilcl~ n|c|eibgtbxd% N|ecb~dbenh~he`hph7 2816 bpgl~h db~nlpheh kl~lgclth~le Ihcch Nh~chg Goihtlphehe 20 B~bcg2816 tb~hmhedlgh nbgbe ql xlcl~hehe ->0 ghh( xb gbxd kzlthcilgphzhe xbehi~ nox|# @|im|~hxlt Plebtop|e|e dobc xlph ocibpd~% Bx~`b Plebtoxb@|im|~nbgbeeb 2< xl plil mbgg ql~hcilphxcl plhiphz ocb~bg k~lql klcle0= xl# 24 Bebxbpbpedb n|c|eibxbe Ihcch KqlechgG|~|c|e|e# nh~ Bebxbpbc o~kbe ocb~bg g|~|ci| ocibpd~% G|~|c# k~etl hpthb~hnh~ ehtlchg tbibgcb nh~chgtl# kl~lg delihe phxbph goejlgt~# kl~lg |xk|cbibdb#ihcch kqlechg gbq~biee og kleh xo~|icbeibp poe|`| g|~|cb Bebxbpbiltehedlgh dzleclildle og dbmb nxg k gbzbed~it~% 2812Bebxbpbpedb Bpgl~h n~og~bphehe# phqhc oto~htl gb~pedbgh d|~|i|e| kcledh~lenh~ nbgb dzleclilph dl 28>4 Bebxbpbp delihedl Ihcch Pbq|eib Nbgbecebgb~ po~|ic| ocbe Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbeee# Nbnbgbeb gb~ po~|ic| gceiocibpd~% N| delidl plhcle @|im|~nbgbeee -@libc K^PLC# @lqdltP\EBX# Abm~h GO^\T^G( phxbplt d ql bpgl~ gglech oc|| tbibile nh~ tlpbdalpl~h ocb~bg dll~cledh~hclilz%-;# p%4


6/94

mbcge do~| gb~b~ ql~lilxl`lheh# do~| gb~b~ oecb~ bdeb be`bg gledhcl~heheql~lnhcl`lgcl~h hddhbpxcb# dliog~bph bdeb hcbe ldhcle il~|thxlttle keizlmbcg xelthil o~tbg ltilil de`lpheh gb~b~ccgcb dlqbi ltth~ihcl~dh~% N|lghcdl mbcgb ~bile mbcg hhe dliog~bph de`lph lklile gceit~%

Kl~lg 2812 Bebxbpbpedb kl~lgpl 2> Lxcc 28=6 bpgl~ db~nlphedle poe~bx~~cl goe|cbe 28=> Bebxbpbpedb# lklilechg mbggee ihccltl ql oe|etliphc`hph ocbe T~ghxl Nxg Ihcclt Il`chphel tlg nbeb ql~hcildhh# oe|exbeedb plhicl hnbeb klcilih ghh ql g|~|icb~b lklilechhe vbxcbt~cdk~cilgtldh~% Ml~ hgh Bebxbpb db lklilechhe# Bebxbpbee goxd|| lpbpcb~bk~l xltghch o~kbecb~ lchxcl g|ccbecb`b hnb~lphel xl~ ql~hcihth~%

N| d|~|i# ilq`|t phptlihihzdl tbi dliog~bphehe mbclehplcclth~hclildhheh# k`e ihcclttle bcibxbe# plhicl hnbeb klcilihn~og~bphehe nh~ lghcdl hvcl~h lchedl t|tibg hptldhhehe kptl~klphdh~% N| glphicl~lgcle dliog~bt k~eilgcl nh~chgtl# hcl~ gledhcl~hehe qlxb hdlocojhphel mhziltltih ocd|gcb~ k odbgcb~ee hptldhh khnh khtildhh tbgdh~dl dliog~bthgxelthil idbmbcl xoccb~e b~bibxb nbcb~cb~% N|e|e hhedl p~lgch phptlidlgledhcl~hel n| higbe pbcbxb`bg noc|gcb~ n|c|eibpe b~z| ldl~cl~% ptldhgcl~ho~tbib dliog~bph d xoccb~cb |cbibg kl~lghxo~pb dl~mbc o oc||i qlbcibcb~e xbeedb xl~ bc~cb~%

Dliog~bph tb~hmhihzl nbgcdedb# dlqclthe g|tpbc ql dog|e|cibz gbn|cldhcdhh tb~hmh klclelhihz hl~hphedl dlqclt tovc|idbe pox|tcbeb~bg# bdltb pbebcqb~cg ocb~bg k~cv kqlechg# gbi| dzleh khnh kl~lglcl~ hcl~h p~cvzk~cgcl~he ql mbgcb~e mlnb ldhcdhh becbxcb~ dbxbtcibxb dlqbi

ldhclklcihth~% Kqlechg ql gbi| dzleh# dlqclthe nlgbp tbnh gh elich qlqbzklhcilz m|p|pcb~d~% Xbec ocbe# n|ecb~ xeedle nh~ tlmchgl xoggle nhcl~lgxb db nhcilxl~lg pbebc nh~ tlmchgl vb~beoxbp hl~hphedl zk~cgcl~h gptcbibg qlo~tbdbe gbcd~ibgt~%

Dliog~bthg nh~ dlqclt becbxedb ocibp kl~lgle Dlqclt tovc|i hhedh~%zdlxhh tl~phel lq~hcl~lg Tovc|i dlqclt hhedh~ becbx mbghi gceit~%Bdltb nh~lxcl~he zk~cgcl~h# le tlilc ql qbzklhcilz mbgcb~ pbebc qldog|e|cibz nh~ dlqclt becbxeb aldb ldhcihth~% Oxpb tovc|i|e|e ql n|e|oc|t|~be nh~lxcl~he i|tc||e| pbcbxbibxbe dlqclt el gbdb~ kc oc|~pb ocp|e#kqlechh el gbdb~ xgplg oc|~pb ocp|e xgcibxb# dlhilxl ibmg|idlqcltcl~dh~% N|e|e le kzlc ~elh Nbtb ^|pxb ocibg zl~l Dlih~vl~dlcglcl~h dldhhihz cglcl~dh~% Bil~hgb hcl nh~chgtl dexbee hgh pvl~ k`edle nh~hocbe P%P%@%N mbcgeb xbvt nbpg ql ilzbchi gb~pedb dbmb abzcbdbxbebibi# dbcb~bg# nh~ og xleh dlqclt g|~|ci|t|~% | bedb ^|pxb ocb~bgdexbee ql o~tbg bgce gbn|c ltthh chnl~bc lgoeoih ql zk~cgcl~ becbxegbn|c ldl~lg xlehdle pvl~ k ocib xoc|edb hcl~clilgtldh~%

Poe xccb~db Bq~|vb Nh~chh hcl nteclil bnbcb~ xoc|edb# ghh zk~cql mbgcb~ hcl hckhch btcbe bdicb~ ql xbvcbe xbpbc dzleclilcl~cl p~l#dliog~bph clmhel dlhilxl nbcbit~%


7/94

ekhchz tb~hmh ql phxbplth Co~d B`toe# dliog~bph de`lpheh Kl~lgdliog~bthg hcgl# mh ghiplehe mbcge zl~hedl nh~ k`l pbmhv ocibibp dlilgth~%-24( lgchedl habdl ltihth~%

dlbc nh~ dliog~bthg ~ljhidl# mbptbcg qlxb b~hzh eldlecl~cl gledh

gb~cb~ee el ocd||eb gb~b~ ql~lilxl`lg ocbe hpthpebh xlthghecl~ hcl o`|gcb~dedb dhl~ xlthghecl~he xelthi goe|p|edb# elxhe hxh ql gb~cb~eb |xk|eocd||eb gledhcl~hehe gb~b~ ql~ilph kl~lgh~% Nh~ ghhxl xb db zi~lxl p~lphz qlpe~pz xeltil xltghph ql~hclilz% Xb db n| poe|`| do|~b`bg xbpbcdzleclilcl~ xbvcibibcd~%

Nhzhidl gbtcdiz de`lxl k~l# .Mhnh~ xlthghe# xelthi bpedbe#dhl~cl~hel gxbpcb nh~ dlqclthe xelthih zl~hedlgh tbi ql ehmbh xltghxcldoebtcb`bg gbdb~ lmhc dlhcdh~%.-># p%;8(

HH%NCI

2%2> Lxcc 28=6 Bpgl~h Db~nlph e`lph Ilxdbeb Klcle elich Tl~~ Ocbxcb~

28;6ch xccb~# tovc|idb kc hdlocojhg bgicb~e xbxke ocb~bg nox kptl~dhh nh~p~lth% Nh~lxcl~dl gledhcl~heh nh~ xl~l nbc mhppltil d|xk|p| ocbe bhdhxltde`lph e vcbedbxd% Tovc|idb xbpbc ocb~bg ~ktclele phqhc tovc|ig|~|c|cb~# lgoeoihg ql popxbc bibcb~dbe og phxbph ql hdlocojhg bibcb~e evcbeb gb~icb~d% zlcchgcl nh~lxcl~l lht mhzilt p|eibp kl~lgle dlqcltili|~cb~ b~bpedbgh phxbpbc ql hdlocojhg ~ktcleilcl~ tovc|i|e gbivcb~bnceilphel xoc bt% N| becbidb# bcbe pbxp nbgiedbe nxg ghtclcl~oc|t|~be ~ltilecl~ ql vochpcl~ b~bpedbgh ~ktcleilcl~ tovc|idb nxgm|z|~p|zc|g oc|t|~|xo~d|% Pb` vochpcl~ VOC)N^# poc`| vochpcl~ VOC)DL^ bd

bctedb# pb` ~ltilecl~ CG)N # poc`| ~ltilecl~ TN)DL^ btp bctedb~ktcleihth%Dhl~ ilpclg k~|vcb~edb db nlezl~h gb~t k~c ~ktcleilcl~oc|t|~|ci|t|%

Tovc|idbgh n| hdlocojhgnceilcl~l lg ocb~bg# cgldl xbbebe g~oehgclih lgoeoihg g~hzhe ltghphxclxogp|cc|g mbd pbambxb |cbi# cgl no~cb~e dlxlildhhedle hacbpe lhhelklcihth% cgldl gbop ql gb~kbb oc|t|~b~bg# db~nlxl zlihe oc|t|~ibg hptlxlekcl~# n| lgoeoihg ql popxbc hpthg~b~pzc gb~cibz nh~ a~pbt ocb~bgdll~cledh~l~lg tl~thvcldhgcl~h tl~~ ocbxcb~xcb cglxh bdi bdi bpgl~h db~nlxlp~gclihcl~dh~%


8/94

2> Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlph e`lph cgldl xbbebe tl~~ ocbxcb~edb# mbcggg~tibg ql gb~ gb~xb klth~ilg hhe o|ec|gcb bxe b~kibecb~eg|ccbecibp# ocbxcb~db ml~glp tb~baedbe k~cle bpc abhccl~he ocbxcb~dbe poe~b nh~t~c xbgbcbebibibp# xbgbcbeb~bg xb~kcbebecb~e hpl nh~nh~cl~hel gb~gg~tcb~bg btibxb p~gclele ghhcl~ ocibp# ocbxcb~b xb mh idbmbcl

ltilxle xb db kl idbmbcl ldle kcl~hehe t|t|i ql dbq~becb~# nbzocbxcb~db nhzzbt kqlechg kcl~hehe g|ccbecibp# m|p|pcb~ kzlthcdhhedl#ocbxcb~e# cgl xelthihehe bpgl~h oto~htlehe lchel klilpheh hptlxle kcl~tb~baedbe gb~cd# vmlchcl~he dlelthihedl n|c|ebe bpgl~h xelthihepl#cglehe gbopb p~gclel~lg db~nl b~tcb~ee oc|ibpe nlgcldhgcl~h poe|`|ebqb~cibgtbd~%

Bbdb cglehe 2> Lxccl kt~cd p~ltl xbbebe ql tovc|i| le ogltghclxle ql bpgl~h db~nldl kl~lgl ocb~bg g|ccbecbe tl~~ ocbxcb~ n| xecl~hxcldll~cledh~hcl`lgth~%

2%2% 2 Ibxp 28;; Ocbxcb~

2 Ibxp 28;; ke h Nbx~bie g|tcbibg hhe lhtch hccl~dle ptben|c+b klclexbgcbg (

epbecb~ vbehg mbchedl gbibxb bc~gle vbezl~cl~ gbcbnbce b~bpebdo~| kh~ih ql ghtclcl~h pgt~b~bg Gbzbe` Xog|| dlehcle tb~bab khtilxlzo~cbd% epbecb~e xelcdhh Gbzbe` Xog||e|e nh~ gbixoecb tgbedeebecbcibp zl~hel bbxb do~| gbibxb bcbe gbcbnbc go~g|tibg hhebcbe btlcl mbcg vbezl~cl~ bctedb gbcb~bg ql nh~nh~cl~heh lzl~lg gbibxb dlqbiltthcl~% -0# p%4>(

gbe gb~kbbdb >= ghh lzhcil xb db no|cib plnlnhxcl# < ghh q|~|cibeldlehxcl# 2 ghh dl vbezl~ bctedb gbcb~bg mbxbte gbxnltth% 206 ghh dlxb~bcbeit% clecl~he nxg o|ec|| Gbzbe` Xog||e|e nbedb vb~gldhcihgbixoedbe docbx pgb~bg cdcl~% Ocbx poe~bp nh~og ghh kzbcteb bceibpeb~bile btlh ghihe bt tlpvht ldhclilih# P|cb~ db~lphehe btpedbe ql otlcodbcb~edbe btl ldlecl~ n|c|ebibit~%-0# p%40( Otlche 2 Ibxp 28;; keitl~hcl~l gbvbtcd nlch~thcihth~%-=# p%>>4(

2 Ibxp 28;; tb~hmhedl Tbgphi+dl ilxdbeb klcle ocbxcb hckhch deliheDPG M|g|g G|~|c| Nbgbe ql 2 Ibxp 28;; g|tcbibcb~ee O~kbehzbpxoeGoihtlph Nbgbe Ih~ Gbxb @BEVOCBT ocbxe DPG+he le vb~cbg delihedl


9/94

eee bceibp hhe xbvcde nlch~tle becbtiedb: . O p~bdb P|cb~ db~lphehen|c|ed|| xl~dle nh~ phcbm plph d|x|cd| ql b~gbpedbe pcbm plpcl~h hxh`l klcilxlnbcbd ql xbqb xbqb gbcbnbcgtb nh~ vbehgclil ocd|% B~tg etl~`oetheletbc Otlchql ml~ tb~batbe phcbm plpcl~h xo|ecbibxb nbcbxe`b gbcbnbcgtbgh vbehg hxh`lb~tt% O p~bdb liehxlt dl nlcgh vbehh eclilg hhe vbezl~cl~hedle nh~ gb

tbelpheh mb~lgltl klh~dh% Tbgphi bzeb gbdb~ doc|# o xzdle hepbecb~ pt ptl%Gbzbe` xog||eb do~| hepbecb~ pt ptl ocd|| hhe ml~glp gledheh g|~tb~ibghhe nh~nh~hehe zl~hel nbpb~bg# btcbxb~bg klth% Bpc ci ocbxcb~ o vbehgclildlegbxebgcbebe lzhcilcl~cl ilxdbeb klcdh% Docbxpxcb ibclpla 04 ghh `be ql~dh%og xb~bc ocd| ql poe|edb kl~lgtle mh nlgclildhhihz nh~ nhhidl o~bxb klclehhcl~he bcd tldnh~cl~ dl nh~ hl xb~bibd%. -0# p%40( lgchedl nlxbedb n|c|ed|%O delidl 2 Ibxp G|tcbibcb~edb Kcbdho+e|e ocbx gb~tibg hhe ~ktcledhhxeedl nhckhcl~he gledhcl~hel dl klcdhheh nlch~tle @BEVOCBT+e becbtiedb .Docbxpxcb etl~`oetheletbc Otlchedle xbvcbe phcbmc idbmbclehe xcl nh~ khzch~ktcleilehe ~e ocd|| gbep nh~ og b~gbdbcb~izdb oc|t|% Bib kl~lg

Kcbdho+xb nbc kl~lgpl Ibo`|cb~e hhedl xl~ bcibgcb nl~bnl~ xhel n| Kcbdho hclhchghch ocbecb~e n| hh tl~thv ltthh k~edlxhz. lgchedl bgcbibpeb dlqbiltthh# 04 ghhehe mbxbte gbxnltthh 2 Ibxp ocbxcb~ee abhccl~hehe xbgbcbeibbepee 2> Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlphxcl o~tbdbe gbcgte nlch~tl~lg vmlch GlebeLQ^LE+h p|cbxbe @BEVOCBT+e pzcl~hel . Tlg nbeb Glebe LQ^LE+he hh dlhcbib oe|e n| thv lxcl~l mlqlpch nh~ gb~hxl~hpt nh~ t|t|i| qb~d% Ehtlghi hcg gtzbibecb~db xbvt hhe ibmhxltheh mli nhchxo~ mli nhcihxo~ khnh gledhphehkcilgtle bcgoxbixo~d|# kcl~lg xo~|ic|xo~d|% Oe|e o~bxb htle becbxe qloe|e tliphc`hcl~hehe n|c|eibp cbzi% Klelcdl n| mb~lglthe lpbpee DPG+l gb~ocd||e| ql oe| kcl~lg pxcxo~d|% O gbdb~ elt nh~ lghcdl. lgchedl

bgcbibcb~db n|c|ed|%-0# p%4


10/94

vbezl~cl~ nbcbd lxhe lt~baedb deilxl# mlxglche lt~baedb deilxl% Vochpheo~bdb xbvt tlg lx vbehh b~t~v c bdltheh b~t~ibgt xbeh# nh~ tlpghechg lxhk~clildh%.

^dqbe N\DBG -Tlgpthc) Pledhgbp Nbgbe(: .Dl~mbc bpgl~chgtl ocd|| khnh

nh~ |z|e xbtb klthg% Gledhihzh go~|ibxb bctg% epbecb~ n|cd|gcb~ ml~noc|gtbe gbibxb bctcb~%.

Ilmilt BTBX -DPG ~ktcleil \zibe(: .Nh~dle nh~l o phcbm plpcl~hnbcbxe`b xbeidb nh~ hgh b~gbdb db qb~d# e`l nh~ b~bnbee bcteb bttizmbt~cxo~|i ql oedbe poe~b db zbtle bgc bcibz nh~ phcbm# nh~ tb~~bgb nbcbd% Ml~xl~dl nh~dle%.

^bphi Z -DPG Bq|gbt(: .P|cb~ db~lph zl~hedl lchg xlclgch# xlclg khxih#|z|e ebic|c| phcbmcb~ lchedl n|c|ebe hepbecb~ qb~d% Bpkb~h nl ghh qb~d% Tbio~bdbe hcg btl nbcbd%.

Pbnbmbt T^GCL^ -Glibc T^GCL^+he lh(: .Kzcl~hicl k~di# hgh ghhxdh# eg ml~glp o tb~bab nbgxo~d|% N|e| k~di%.# .Vbezl~cl~ bctedbhepbecb~ `be ql~hxo~d|% Gbab# goc gbvt nxcl khdhxo~% G|~|ecb~dbe og vbezl~cl~hebctedb gbcd hepbecb~% Go~g|e nh~ ocbxd% Pbegh nh~ ahci vcbtop| khnhxdh% Gxibibghelph khnh bdltb nxcl vbcltcl~he b~bpedb itmh# al`h# go~g|e nh~ ocbxd%.

Ebzi BCVIBE -Pledhgb`(: .G~pxl tbi gb~ `lvmldle btl ldhchxo~d|%Tbi gb~izdb db Tml Ib~ib~b# o zbibegh bd etl~`oetheletbc ocbe otlc qb~d%O~bdbe btcbe g|~|ecb~e lgh~dlgcl~h# nxcl clnclnh khnh dxo~d| bbxb%.

lthe XLTGE -@|im|~hxlt Pbq`p(: .2 Ibxp 28;; ocbxedb nle d|~|ibdbpbq`xdi% cg d|~|ibdb po~|t|~ibee klehclthcilphel# lpbp abhccl~hen|c|eibpe ql nbz gbi| k~lqchcl~h dl bgb p|c| ocd|gcb~ dopxbdbebecbcd khnh# mbgcb~edb dbqb bcibpe hptl~ hptlilz mlile n| k~lqdlebcedi% Xbeh n| dbqbee o lghcdl x~tcilpheh ptben|c @|im|~hxlt Nbpbq`chptlildh ql nleh k~lqdle bcd%.

Nclet L@LQT -@MV Klelc Nbgbe(: .Dbmb hcg kedle gb~izb d|qb~cb~gibxb nbcbd% Xbeh btlh bv# mbcg vbehl gbvt~v 06+|e zl~hedl hepbeeciel eldle ocbecb~ nlcch% Xbeh Liehxlt oecb~ i|tcbgb ahciheh lgih ocibcxd%

Oeb ~bile mhnh~ nhckh bcbibdg%.%Ocbxe Dll~cledh~hcilph:

2 Ibxp 28;; tb~hmhedl ilxdbeb klcle ql 04 ghhehe ci hcl nh~og ghhehexb~bcbeibpxcb poe|cbebe ocbxcb~e oc| lgch# k~k tbegcb~ee becbticb~#ocbxdb kl~lg etl~`oetheletbc Otlchedle kl~lgpl P|cb~ db~lph nhebpee ptedlebtl ldlecl~he nh~og ghh tb~baedbe k~ci ocibpeb ~bile kqlechgkcl~hehe kl~lg p|c|cb~e mhnh~hpheh xbgbcbxbibi ocibp m|p|pcb~kzlthcdhhedl# ocbxe tovc|i| gbopb ql h btibxb p~gclilg# ehmbh mldlaocb~bg hpl bpgl~h db~nlxl zlihe mbz~cbibg bib`xcb dlqclt hhedl xelthih lcl

klh~ilg hptlxlecl~he xecledh~ilph ql g|~k|cbibpxcb gb~ci nh~ v~oqogbpxoe


11/94

ocd|| ql ltghch kcl~he vochphe dl k~lq xbvibpe leklccldhh gbebbthelqb~cibgtbd~%

2%>% Voptbxcb Kedl~hcle Noinbcb~

1 Ehpbe 28;= tb~hmhedl Begb~b Lilg Voptbelphedle -2 eoc| dlchc DQDph( IbcbtxbNlcldhxl Nbgbe Mbiht ALEDOC\ Begb~b Lilg Voptbelphedle lqhelkedl~hcle noinbee vbtcbibp poe|`| cd~cd% Mbcge Mbihdo dhxl nhcdhhNlcldhxl Nbgbeee lqhedl noinbee vbtcbibp poe|`| gledhph hcl nh~chgtl klchehql to~|e| db cit% Nlcldhxl Nbgbeee Bdbclt Vb~thch ocibp eldlehxclpoc`|cb~ tb~baedbe cd~cd de`lphxcl mbcg bxbgcbed% @bihcl~dl .Dhelcdle khdhxo~. dhxl qbbzcb~ ql~hcdh% Nlcldhxl movb~c~edle G|~be og|ed|%

@bihcl~dle gbe mbcg bxbgcbeb~bg Bclqhcl~ ql poc`| ocb~bg nhchelecl~l bht


12/94

nh~ lx%. lgchedl# vochp ili|~| Xbmxb KL^KE hpl: .Nhz dlqbic og|c|e eedlk~lql klcdhhihz zbibecb~db n|~db og|c|e gbvpee eedl 06)46 ghhchg nh~vochp g|qqlth n|~db kqlechh pbcbibgcb iglcclath% O ke hhe k~lqlklcdhhihzdl 8 ghhchg nhzhi pbdl`l gledh k~|n|i|z qb~d% Dhl~ k~|vcb~e vochpili|~cb~e k~lilxhe`l og|c|e eedl nh~ kb~hvchg ocd||e| mhppltthg%%% Bb

x|gb~ nh~gb dbghgb phcbm plpcl~h btl ldhcdhgtle poe~b glphcdh ql nhz nbcbdgb~gbcb~edbe gbbe ghhcl~h goqbcbibxb% Goqbcbibxb nbcbdiz zbibe n|ecb~4)< ghhxdh% Nhz n|ecb~ nlcch nh~ xl~l gbdb~ goqbcbdg% Xbgbcbxbibdg% Kl~hklcdhhihzdl# nhz gbbecb~ b~gbpedbe goqbcb~gle b~gbizdbe nh~ tbelph# kl~hdee# khtilxhe dhxl nb~it# n|e|e ghi ocd||e| ~leilg hhe po~d|ib~gbdbcb~b# o~bdb gbcbe b~gbdbcb~b# n|e|e goihpl~ i|bqheh ^lbt BCTBXocd||e| pxcldhcl~% ^lbt BCTBX ocd||e| pxcldhgtle poe~b nlehi kb~hnhilkhtth% eg dbmb lqqlc gledhph dl nhzhicl nl~bnl~ o~bdb go~|ib k~lqhehpbcbxbe ghhcl~hedle# nh~chg bih~cl~hedle nh~hphxdh%. lgchedl nlxbedb n|c|ed|cb~%-4# p%;6);2(

Ocbxdbe |z|e p~l klthgtle poe~b noinbx btbe kle Zcga POT#gbtchbi bhclphel hth~ba ltth% Zcga POT+|e bncbp ^lizhxl BGXOC xbvcbe hth~ba.Bncb dldh% Nle pbeb nh~ lx becbtibg hpthxo~|i dldh%%% 21 Ib~t gbtchbie ot|~d|#becbtt nbeb% Vochp b~b` hcl khtthgcl~heh# vochpcl~he dl gledhcl~hel xb~di ltthgcl~heh#noinbx gledhphel btt~dgcb~e%%% o bedb hepbecb~e al~xbtcb~e# nb~ibcb~ekzcl~h doc| doc| becbtt% og vhibei dldh%%% Bncb dldh# nh~ p~l poe~b tlpchiocb`bi# mh il~bgcbeib% Nhcdhgcl~hih# n|kel gbdb~ xbvtgcb~iz# ml~ lxhbecbtb`bi%. lgchedl nlxbe ltth% -4# p%;>(

Zcga POT xbvt hth~batbe gpb nh~ p~l poe~b cd~cd% Gbthch dl cd~le

dl gledhph khnh nh~ cg` ocbe Cbtha BGTH+xd% = plel mbvhp xbtt% N| goe|db bpcelich ocbe bgcbibx cg` hth~ba Bch X\^TB^PCBE xbvt% ~le`hcl~he zl~helbtcbe noinbx cg O`bgcb~ >% Nbgbe Bnd|ccbm BTCH+ee tlihe ltthheh pxcldh%Bch X\^TB^PCBE+b k~l BTCH o~d|db k~lq xbvbe nh~ xznbdbe ; tbel TETgbcn tlihe ltth% N| TET+cl~he nh~ nci ptben|c+db nh~ nci hpl Begb~b+dbg|ccbecit% BTCH hpih hcg dlab n| lghcdl gbi|ox| tb~baedbe d|x|cd|% -4# p%;>(

Ocbxe Dll~cledh~ilph:

Ocbxdb# p|c|e|e tbghnhel bih~cl~h tb~baedbe idbmbcl ldhcdhheh nlch~tlek~lqch vochphe nlxbecb~# xccb~ poe~b o~tbxb gbe ql xb~kcbev `lzb bcbe abhcZcga pot|e lxclih vochphe gledhphel xbvt~de nlch~tle nlxbecb~# ocbxeoc||# o tb~hmcl~dl VOC)DL^ ql VOC)N^ ocb~bg ncei ocbe vochp hl~hphedlghk~lqchcl~he dl g|ccbecibp hcl tovc|idb gbop oc|t|~ibg ql xelthih lclklh~ilg hptlxle kcl~ tb~baedbe gb~cd becbcibgtbd~%

2%4% 28;= Phqbp Ocbxcb~

0 Lxcc 28;= ke pbbt 22+dl Bchnbnb Ibmbcclphedl Opibe lqhgdobe qlI|ptbab Gb~bbpcbe+e o`|gcb~ b~bpedb nbcbxv poe~bdbe beb ql nbnbcb~egbtcibpxcb nxd# ocbxcb~e Goclj ilqghhedl dlqbi ldl~lg xbxcd# glethe


13/94

ab~gc xl~cl~hedl Bclqh ql Peeh qbtbedbcb~e k~|vcb~ oc|t|~b~bg nh~nh~cl~hel tb#povb ql phcbmcb~cb pbcd~b~bg btibxb nbcbdgcb~ k~cit~% btibcb~enbcbek`edb Bclqh qbtbedbcb~dbe > gbde btlch phcbmcb cd~cit~% Ocbxegg~t`cb~ ocbe ghhcl~ .Gbeiz bgpb db zbal~ pcbied~# Ihcchxlth T~ghxl#Ipcibe T~ghxl# Goiehptcl~l ci# Goiehptcl~ Iopgoqb+xb. lgchedl

pcokbecb~ bticb~d~% Btcbe pcokbecb~e ltghphxcl kbclxbeb klcle ghtclcl~qhcbxlttlgh Qbch Goeb# Nlcldhxl# vochp gb~bgoccb~# vochp cojibecb~ ql e`ldlenlch~cldhgcl~h lq ql hxl~cl~heh tbm~hv ldl~lg xbibcbicb~d~% gbe xbekecb~ped~ilxl klcle htabhxl`hcl~he dl p| mo~t|icb~e glpl~lg xbekecb~b idbmbclltilpheh leklcclihcl~dh~% -L~z|~|i)Gb~p ql B~tqhe hccl~h Pgxelthi Goi|tbec> Eoc| Bpgl~h Ibmglilphehe 28=6/> Lpbp# 28=2/>>2 Gb~b~ pbxc ql ; Tlii|z28=2 tb~hmch gb~b~# Pbxab: Lpbp#28=2/>>2 Gb~b~ pbxc ql ; Tlii|z 28=2 tb~hmch gb~b~# Pbxab: ke dlqbi ldle ocbxcb~db lmh~dl bdltb nh~h pbqb k~etp ilxdbeb klcih# ocbxcb~ X|~thh Do| Nckl Goi|tbeceeidbmbcl ltilphxcl goet~oc bcteb bceit~% Ocbxcb~db 2 ghh b~b bctedb gbcb~bg#26 ghh hpl btlch phcbmcb~cb q|~|cb~bg xb db che ldhcl~lg cd~cit~% Ocbxdbenh~og ghhehe dl phcbm# dlch`h ql glph`h bcltcl~cl xb~bcbed# 1 hxl~h# = ilpglehetbm~hv ldhcilphedle poe~b 0 Eoc| Bpgl~h

Ibmglilphehe 28=6/> Lpbp# 28=2/>>2 Gb~b~ pbxc ql ; Tlii|z 28=2 tb~hmchgb~b~# Pbxab: Eoc| Ibmglilphehe xbvi ocd|| tlpvhtcl~l k~l7 nbz kqlechg kcl~hehenlxbeedb# Phqbp+b db~dbe tovc|c|gcb~e klth~hcdhh nlch~thcih# Phqbp+b klcleihchtbecb~e Bclqh qbtbedbcb~b bht hxl~cl~h# lq# b~pb# b~bnbcb~# pogbg ql gbve|ib~bcb~e g~iz noxb hcl hb~ltcldhgcl~h#

T|kbx Goi|tbeceb klcle nh~ lih~dl Phqbp+tb ocbxcb~e gbnhcl`lhnlch~thcl~lg tldnh~cl~he bceibpee hptledhh# xltghchcl~he hpl po~|cd||edb#gledhcl~hel ml~mbekh nh~ nhckhehe hethgbc ltildhheh pxcldhgcl~h nlch~thcihth~%-L~z|~|i)Gb~p ql B~tqhe hccl~h Pgxelthi Goi|tbec > Eoc| Bpgl~hIbmglilphehe 28=6/> Lpbp# 28=2/>>2 Gb~b~ pbxc ql ; Tlii|z 28=2 tb~hmchgb~b~# Pbxab:


14/94

28;= Phqbp Ocbxcb~edb Dlqclt Nbgbe Leql~ Bgoqb+ee Phqbp mbcgee ocbxcb~bgb~ibde# b~ |cb~e phcbm bcdgcb~ gbxebgcb~e bxe ocd|| xeedlghnlxbecb~# nh~ gpi kqlechg kcl~hehe Phqbp+b db~dbe tovc|c|gcb~e klth~hcdhhelhchghe nlxbecb~# Phqbp+e dliok~bahg xbvp hthnb~hxcl Bclqh ql Peeh qbtbedbcb~enh~chgtl xbbibp eldlehxcl v~oqogbtha lxclicl~ hhe |xk|e ocibp# ocbxdb

Ibcbtxb# Ib~b ql o~|i ocbxcb~edbghel nlezl~ lghcdl Peeh qbtbedbcb~# Bclqhqbtbedbcb~ bclxmhel gg~tibxb xelchg pcokbecb~e btci ocibp m|p|pcb~kzlthcdhhedl# ocbxe cglxh gbopb p~gclxl~lg# bpgl~h db~nlxl zlihembz~cbibg hptlxle kcl~ tb~baedbe gb~cd becbcit~%

2%1 B~bcg 28;= tb~hmcl~h b~bpedb Gbm~bibeib~b+tb ilxdbeb klcle ocbxcb~ 2>Lxcc p~l`hel khdle xocdb elich dei eogtbcb~edbe nh~hdh~% Gbm~bibeib~b

Ocbxcb~ 2> Lxcc 28=6 bpgl~h db~nlphehe eldlecl~hedle nh~h ocb~bg k~cilgtldh~%

28;= xcee B~bcg bxee hghe`h mbatbpedb Gbm~bibeib~b pogbgcb~edbhckhe nh~ mb~lgltchchg qb~d% Ea|p ili|~| ocd|gcb~e nlch~tle k~lqchcl~ Bclqhcl~hexo|e ocd|| ibmbccl ql plitcl~dl docbxo~# pzdl xleh pbxi hhee|ib~bcbed~ib xbvxo~cb~d% Khdhcle lqcl~he gbvp g~iz noxb hcl noxbexo~d|%N|e|e eldleh nh~ mbatb poe~b becbcb`bgt% -0# p%4pbbt klildle pb` nh~ qbtbedbe lqh noinbcbed% Bgbi pbbtcl~hedl dl poc

k~c I|ptbab XZNBHOC\ ql Eb`h OCBG hphich > ~ltile gbtcldhcdh% -0#p% ~ltilehe `lebzlphel gbtcibg zl~l lhtch lq~l hccl~hedle klcle26%666+l xbge qbtbedbe gbtcd `lebzl t~lehedl# pb k~c qbtbedbcb~ dbgb~ ghtclplc k~|v oc|t|~d|cb~%

cle ~ltilecl~he `lebzlcl~h Bclqh ibmbcclph ocbe X~g Plchi+he mlilenhthhhedlgh Dlqclt Mbptbelphedl hdh% Mbptbel eedl poc`| ql Bclqhcl~dle oc|begbcbnbcg khdl~lg b~txo~# be`bg `lebzlcl~ nh~ t~c ql~hcihxo~d|% lm~he nh~ nbgbtb~baedb hpl pb`cb~ ql oecb~e gg~tt Peeh qbtbedbcb~ tovcbeibxb

nbcbit% Kecl~dle `|ib hdh% @libbthe @|ib ebibzedbe gt pbbtcl~dl`lebzlcl~he tlpchi ldhcilph hcl Bclqhcl~dle oc|be nxg nh~ ghtcl lm~he il~glzhel


15/94

do~| mb~lgltl klth% -4# p%=2( >< B~bcg >622 tb~hmch ^bdhgbc Kbzltlphel bgcbibxbvbe Mbiht Gbvbe .@lebzlcl~he dlaeldhcilph hhe mbz~cgcb~b nbcbdg% zlcchgcl@|ib ebibzee geb dleg klth~hcdh `lebzlehe tlpchih%%% Mbptbel Nbmlghihlthe Dhgl~+he elich nh~ xecledh~ilph ocd|% @bih geb dleg klth~hcilphehpbcbxbe od|~%%% Mbptbeldl nlgclxle k~|n|e eedl Ib~b khxphph khxih

hepbecb~ qb~d% Nle doib nxil Ib~bcxi% O hepbecb~e Ib~bc ocibdexz ilt~l tldle becb~i% Oecb~ k~|n| kbclxbeb klth~hv ibmbcclxl pbcd~tibxnbb~dcb~%. lgchedl nlxbedb n|c|ei|t|~%

@lebzl hhe klclecl~# `lebzlcl~ \c|`bihxl klth~hclel gbdb~ o nckldlghlqcl~h xbib ltthcl~%-0# p%( @lebzlehekt~cd `bihdlgh tovc|c|g clecl~he `lebzl ebibzcb~ee gceibpeb leklcocd|cb~%

cd~cle 0 Peeh klecl hckhch >> B~bcg kl`lph nlcldhxl movb~c~edle Ipcibe dhe gb~dlhihz goiehptcl~ tb~baedbe cd~cd% N|ecb~e gbe xl~dlgbcibxb`bg lgchedlgh beoep glettl heahbcl xoc bt% Bpgl~cl~ xbxee xbvcdnlcldhxlxl bht xbxe odbpeb khtthhedl ghiplxh n|cbibd% Ghil po~d|xpb xbxeghihe xbvte tlpvht ldlildh% -^bdhgbc Kbzltlphehe G%Ib~b ocbxcb~xcb hckhch xbzdhzhph# >0/2>/>622(

@lebzl t~lehel klclecl~he `bihcl~h btll ql~dhh pxclethph lm~he Peehibmbcclcl~hedl mzcb xbxcd% N|e|e zl~hel mb~lgltl klle phcbmc ql povbck~|vcb~ Gbm~bibeib~b+e Bclqh ibmbcclcl~hel m`|i ltth% Kecl~`l p~le

btib ql pbcd~cb~db 26< ghh cd% 2;1 ghh xb~bcbed% >26 lq ql ;6 hxl~h tbm~hvldhcdh% Nh~og gbde tl`bqzl |~bd% >< B~bcgtb Gbxpl~h ql Kbzhbetlv+tleklth~hcle bpgl~h nh~chgcl~he idbmbclphxcl ocbxcb~ eclelnhcdh% -0# p%1 B~bcg 28;= tb~hmcl~hedlgh Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~ee xo|e ocb~bgdlqbi ltthh 0 ke nox|e`b ocbxcb~b el jbedb~ib el dl vochphe idbmbclltildhh# ocbxe k~k tbegcb~e`b habdl ldhcihth~% -Kbzltl`h Ilmilt Bch N^BEDtb~baedbe mbz~cbebe 2> Lxcc Nlcklplch# DQD ocb~bg dopxbdb n|c|eibgtbd~(%

Bdxbibe hchedle klcl~lg lchg Vbcbp Otlchedl 28)>6 B~bcg 28;=tb~hmcl~hedl gbcbe ql gledhcl~heh ihcch vhxbeko`| ocb~bg tbetbe >1 dlhhg hphich

bmpe# Ihcch Vhxbeko db~lphedle bcebe >1 O`bg 28;8 tb~hm ql 620/1> B~bcg >622 tb~hmch^bdhgbc Kbzltlph(

vmlch Glebe LQ^LE -Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbe(: .Bib pgxelthi xog gh%Dbmb pgxelthi hcbe ldhcih dlhc T~ghxl+dl% Oe|e hhe o~bdbgh Liehxlt Kcl~h


16/94

be`bg n|ecb~cb hckhchxdh%%%.# G|qqlthi xogt| o~bdb bpgl~h nh~chg xog# xbeh o~bdb n|hl idbmbcl ldl`lg bpgl~h nh~chg xog dhxo~d|%-4# p%=1(

Pbxc c hdb~lph Gbe|e|e 22%ibddlphedl ->8/6=/2881 tb~hmch dlhhgchge`lph( Qbch# hc hhedlgh gocc|g g|qqltcl~hxcl nbpt~cbixb`bg ocbbept ql eh

mdhplcl~he `l~lxbe gb~pedb gbc~pb le xbge bpgl~ gb~b# dlehz# mbqbg|qqltcl~h goi|tbecb~eb iige ocbe le pl~h qbptbcb~cb i~b`bbt ldl~lgxb~di hptl~ ql n|e| xbz hcl dl tlxht ldl~% N| tbclv dl~mbc xl~hel klth~hch~lgchedl dzleclil n|c|eibgtbxd%

Ocbxcb~e hghe`h ke delihe Gbm~bibeib~b Qbchph tb~baedbe tbgqhxlbpgl~ g|qqlth tbclv ldhcih ocibpeb ~bile tbclv dhggbtl bceibit~%-2 eoc|dlchc DQDph(

Bx~`b ocbxcb~e hghe`h ke Gbm~bibeib~bb klcle ql lxcli`hcl~lidbmbcl ldhcilpheh hptlxle zbibee hcl~h Nbgbe ~abe zbxdecxb >% O~d|

Goi|tbe n~bmhi leo`bg Vbbi# phzh plql~hi ql pbxb~i bib lih~cl~hBegb~bdbe bc~i dlihth~% -^bdhgbc Kbzltlphehe G%Ib~b ocbxcb~xcb hckhch xbzdhzhph# >>/2>/>622(

Ehtlghi nh~og ghhehe ciedle poe~b ocbxcb~b hghe`h o~d| nh~chgcl~hedledlhc# Gbxpl~h ql Kbzhbetlvtle klth~hcle bpgl~h nh~chgcl~`l >< B~bcgtb idbmbclldhcilph hcl~h Nbgbe ql Qbchehe nlxbecb~e do~|cbibgtbd~%

Pz goe|p| Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~ hhe delihe Nbnbgbe Nclet L`lqhtNbz lq~lcl~ nhzh p~b~cb ql phptlich ocb~bg pgxelthi hcbeeb zo~c|xo~cb~d%Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~ @MVehe g|~d|| mgilth pgxelthil zo~cbibghptlxlecl~he tbm~hgcl~hehe poe|`|xd|% Ehtlghi zo~cbei ocd|g% Gbm~bibeib~bocbxcb~edb mgilthe po~|ic|c|| ocd||e| delili% Nh~ mbxch bpgl~hnh~chgcl~ xb~dib b~cit% Abgbt kqlechhe pbcbeibpeb dox|~|`| nh~ gbtgcb~ocibit% Kleh cdl vbpha gbcicb~d% -Gbxebg: Doebt# Xbq|z DoebteQht~hehedle H#p%>=2) Bgtb~be:Begb~b eq%T~g egcbv Tb~%Lepthtp Xgplg Chpbep

Tlzh: Becb~db 2> Lxcc# I|pchm vlgchcl~# Begb~b >626#p%;2( dldhh#

Nbgb nh~ xl~dl hpl Nclet L@LQT: .Nhzh pgxelthi hcbeeb il`n|~ ltilghhe o ocbxe gb~cd gbepedbxi% B` nh~ kl~lg | gh# qhcbxlt nhebpeb nhcl#hhedl hcl~h Nbgbeiz qb~gle# `hqb~db n|c|ebe Phcbmc G|qqltcl~ nh~chgcl~h nh~

t~c nhzhi xltghihz xog kl~lglphxcl ocbxb gb~ibg hptlildhcl~%. dlihth~%-4#p%=1(

Ib~b Ocbxcb~ hcl hckhch tbegcb~e becbticb~ | lghcdldh~: -4# p%=2)=>(

Ilmilt TBEH^: .O b~bdb `|ib ebibzeb klcih mbcg# ebibz nhtthgtlepoe~b dbcixo~% N|ecb~ khtphecl~# ebibze ibdli nxcl dhxo~cb~ el~dlgcd~xo~cb~pb gcd~pecb~% Khtphecl~ ilzb~cgtb gcd~pecb~% @lebzlcl~hehdlaeltphecl~ dhxl bihxl pogibg hptlihxo~cb~%.

Ilmilt TBGLPLE: .\c| @bihh+xl xbge xl~l klch~gle n|~bdb nh~hgih

bdbicb~ o~bdbe tbcb~ btxo~cb~# tbmtbcb~ a~cbtxo~cb~%%% Goiehptcl~he `lebzlphgceibz# abcbe ltilz |d|~ n|d|~ dhxl pcokbecb~ btxo~cb~%.


17/94

Bmilt B^BP -~ltile(: .O~bxb klcdhhihzdl tb pbcd~cb~ ql phcbm plpcl~htilxl nbcbit% @lebzlcl~ oi|zcb~dbe dl~lg xl~dl gbcd% Tbibile nh~bnc|gbxb kh~ihthg%.

>0 B~bcg 28;= ke pb`cb~dbe cle 0 ghhehe `lebzlph gbcd~cb`bgt% Qbch

Tbmphe POXC\# pogbb gib xbpb goxd|% Be`bg n|e| nlcldhxl movb~c~edlenh~ t~c d|x|~bibd% Oxpb d|x|~bnhcplxdh nlcgh gbtchbicb~ eclelnhcl`lgth% -4#p%=0(

Tbegcb~e dhl~ becbticb~ hpl | lghcdldh~: -4# p%=0)=1(

Ilmilt TBGLPLE: .Qbch > ~ltilehe `lebzlph xb~i gbcd% N|eb p|~lthgbthxldl hzhe ql~ili dl~% Abgbt n|eb ~bile nlcldhxl movb~c~edle xbxeili|~| dlqbic | xbxe xbvb~: lmhtcl~hihzhe ebb mbptbeldle bceb`bg qlt~le xbvcb`bgt~% Ti Gbm~bibeib~b mbcg `lebzl t~lecl~hel dbqltchdh~ dhxlnlxbecb~db n|c|e|~%.

ggl GLEKL^ -LEDCCL^(: .Beoeptb 0 tbel pb k~c qbtbedbe lmhtldhcdhheh# n|ecb~e `lebzlpheh bcibg zl~l mbptbelxl khdhcl`lhel dbh~# bctedb =)26 tbel kecc g|~|c||e# nb~o dbmhc# htl nlcldhxl dbmhc# pb k~c vb~thcl~dbmhc# mlvphehe hpihehe ocd|| nh~ beoep# bib o beoep| ghihe xbvt~d# beoep|ghihe kt~d o~tbxb gibd# o db letl~lpbe nh~ ocbx nhzl k~l%%%.

Ilmilt GBVBE: .Bccbm Bccbm dhxl nh~ mhgilt nh~ bcbilt# nle nxcl nh~ lxk~ildhi nle mh%%% edl klclecl~he mlvph xz ibpglchxdh% B~gbdbe klclecl~heghihphehe lchedl nbctb# ghihphehe dl lchedl%%% ghihphehe lchedl gc# Bccbm Bccbm dhxlklchxo~cb~d%.

Ilmilt TBEH^ -IMV c Nbgbe Bdbx(: .Btl ldhchxo~# gb~cgc hepbecb~cxo~# nbz lqcl~ xbexo~# vochp xog# jbedb~ib xog# bpgl~ xog# idbmbcl xog%%%Idbmbcl ldhe# bpgl~ kedl~he# nbeb ql~hcle `lqbv# bpgl~hihz xog%.

ggl GLEKL^ -Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~ hcl hckhch xb~kcbed# dbqbdb(:.Tbxxb~ dhxl nh~ vbb qb~d% Pgxelthi vbbpxd o% Oe|e nhzl og letl~lpbe nh~habdlph qb~% Nle n|e|e ibmglildl dl p~b~cb zl~hedl d|~d|i% Klchv habdl dbmhql~ildh% O zbibe T|kbx goi|tbe hdh% T|klel~bcdh% Nh~ b~gbdbi dbmb qb~d

nlehi% X|e|p CMBE dhxl% Nl~bnl~ kzbcteb bceitg% O Ib~b+tbxd% ghihzhnl~bnl~ b~d% Nhzhi ~bmiltch Tbmphe EBC dhxl lpgh Mb~v Og|c|edb tb~hmmo`bpxd% IMV Klelc db~l G|~|c xlph hdh% Tbmphe mo`b klcdh nhzl# e`l nbnbicbahcbe k~i% Dlih gh# +N| Tbxxb~ Vbb og ihcchxlth nh~ bdbi% Klcphecl~habdlcl~heh ql~phecl~# khtphecl~%+ Nhzl xcl nh~ mbnl~ klcdhxdh% Tbnh n| 06 keklthgtle poe~b Tbxxb~ Vbb nhzh b~d m|z|~|eb# e`l dldh gh +Phz el nhhiIhcchxlthphehz# el nhhi cg`pez# phzl nxcl ih lih~ ql~hcdh% Xzezlkzezl n|cbt~dez%+ dhxl nhzh a~bcbd%.

Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~edb db Ibcbtxb+dbgh ocbxcb~dbghel nlezl~ lghcdl

.Bclqhcl~ p|cb~iz zlmh~cldh. # .Bclqhcl~ \c| @bihhxh xbgxo~cb~%. pxclethcl~hxbxcd% -4# p%=4(


18/94

Delihe Gbm~bibeib~b Nlcldhxl Nbgbe Bmilt \e`| >>/2>/>622 tb~hmchtbeg ocb~bg bcebe nlxbeedb# >< B~bcg 28;= @|ib ke Kbzhbetlv < B~bcg28;= ke klcdhheh nlch~tih hpl dl# ocbxcb~ 28 B~bcg ke nbcbi ql le ogzbxhbte ql~hcdhh kecl~ >< B~bcg e`lph tb~hmcl~dh~% Nte gbxebgcb~db qlnlxbecb~db db bpgl~h nh~chgcl~he ocbxcb~e le xo|e xbbed 0 ke idbmbcldln|c|eibdgcb~ nlch~thcilgtldh~% N| eldlecl tbee bpgl~cl~he ocbx xl~helzbibeedb klcdhgcl~hel hchghe nlxbecb~ dhl~ nte nlxbecb~ ql gbxebgcb~dbghhabdlcl~cl lchilgtldh~% Zbtle gbxebgcb~db db ocbxb >< B~bcg 28;= ke Gbxpl~h

ql Kbzhbetlvtle klcle bpgl~h g|qqltcl~he idbmbcl ltthgcl~h habdl ldhcilgtldh~%Ocbxcb~e dlqbi ltthh kecl~dl zlcchgcl vochphe mldla bced kl~lglphxcl

vochp)mbcg btibp gibibp bdeb# vochphe ocbxcb~dbe tbibile lc lgth~hcdhhnlch~thcilgtldh~% -2 eoc| dlchc DQDph( N| nhckh tbeg Bmilt \e`|e|e LiehxltId~ee Qbchxh dl ltghclxl~lg vochph ocbxcb~e dedb t|tt|| lgchedlghnlxbee do~|cbibgtbd~%

Kecl~dh~ dlqbi ldle ocbxcb~ eclilgtl xltl~phz gbcbe bpgl~he xb~dib~p dhggbtl bceibi# lm~l tbgqhxl bpgl~h g|qqlt kedl~hcilihth~%-20(Ocbx xbbxbecb~dbe Nljbe Ibt|~# >< B~bcg >622 tb~hmch ^bdhgbc Kbzltlphedl

xbxecbebe bgcbibpedb# .Gbxpl~h T|kbxedbe bpgl~cl~h nlgchxo~d|g% Bpgl~#Dlqclt%%% mh ghipl klcildh% Ml~ lx nhtthgtle poe~b bpgl~cl~he klcdhheh#pgxelthihe hcbee mbt~cxo~|i%. lgchedl nlxbexcb tbgqhxl hhe bpgl~cl~hezbibeedb klcildhheh nlch~tihth~%

Ocbxdb cd~cle ~ltilecl~dle I|ptbab Xznboc|+e|e bbnlxhIlmilt Xznboc| >< B~bcg >622 tb~hmhedl Zbibe Kbzltlphedl xbxecbebebgcbibpedb# xbbebecb~e Pb`cg)Poc`|c|g qlxb Bclqhchg)Peehchg ilplclphocibde nlch~tl~lg# .Nh~ v~ojl qb~d ql Ib~b+e ltehg xbvp ipbhtth# ocbxcb~nxtcd%%% Ihcclt nh~nh~heh g~xo~d|# gb~dl gb~dlh cd~xo~d|% O ke dlqcltxogt| Ib~b+tb% Tldnh~ bcepbxd nxcl ocibzd%. dlihth~%

Delihe Lcbz Qbchph Kek~ Bxde >4 B~bcg >622 tb~hmhedl ZbibeKbzltlphedl xbxecbebe bgcbibpedb# o delidl < mbppbp hc ocd||e|# n|hccl~he Ib~b# Lcbz# L~zhe`be# Phqbp ql Ibcbtxb ocd||e| nlch~tl~lg# .< hcdl bx~bx~ Bclqh tovc| g~i xb~btcibp vcbecbeit% Goet~kl~hccb db n| mbdhplcl~hnbcbtibg hhe Lcbz+ plth%. dhxl~lg# goet~kl~hccbee gledhphehe k~lqdlebceibp hhe tbclvtl n|c|e|v# bgb tlmdht ltthheh# gledhphehe Betbcxb+xbbtbede# glettl ehabg tom|icb~ btibg hhe ogb dlelilcl~ xbvcde#n|ecb~dbe nh~ tbelphehe kl`l xb~p xbvcbe .Lcbzccb~ p|x|i|zb zlmh~ btcit~.beoep| ocd||e|# dbmb poe~b t|t|gcbebe n| ghhcl~he goet~kl~hccbee goet~ocedl

ocbe hepbecb~ ocd||e|# o deli tldnh~cl~ bcebnhcplxdh Ib~b+tb ocbxcb~exbbeibxb`be# k~lqdle bcedgtbe poe~b Nbnbgbe Nclet L`lqht+l goe|xcb


19/94


20/94

2%1% Kbzltl`h Bndh VLG+ehe cd~cilph

2 |nbt 28;8 tb~hmhedl tl~~ n| glz Ihcchxlt Kbzltlphehe nbxbzb~ Bndh VLG+xhmldla plihth% Bndh VLG kbzltldle bx~cv Ehbetb Licbg @bddlphelklcdhhedl hxh`l pgg ocbe t~bahgtl lqhehe n|c|ed|| gb~bgoc pogbeb deilg

zl~l xbqbcbdedb b~bnbpee `biedbe pgcbe g|~|ecb~cb cd~cd% GbthchIlmilt Bch B@B < bx poe~b ptben|c+db xbgbcbed% e`l p|p|z ocd||e|nlch~tl~lg ml~ lxh hegb~ ltth% B~dedbe db: .Ibmglilxl gb~pbi ml~glph ql ml~lxh bgcbxb`bi%. dldh% Kedl~dhh ilpbj bd~lphel |cbit% Gpb p~l poe~bIlmilt Bch B@B# Ibctlvl Bpgl~h @lzblqhedle bpgl~ lcnhplph khxdh~hcl~lg gb~cd%-0# p%=8)86(

Ocbxe Dll~cledh~hcilph:

Lxclidl tlthgh ocb~bg g|ccbecd becbcbe Ilmilt Bch B`bee gledhphellxclih xbvt~becb~ bgcbxb`beb dbh~ xbvi ocd|| bgcbibdbe poe~b

Ibctlvl Bpgl~h @lzblqhedle bpgl~ lcnhplph khxdh~hcl~lg gb~cibp# cglehe gbopql btibxb p~gclel~lg xelthclilz mbcl klth~hcilpheh hptlxle kcl~tb~baedbe vcbecbede kptl~ilgtldh~%

2%;% o~|i Ocbxcb~

o~|i Ocbxcb~ e`lph Liehxlt Id~ Mbpbe \XB^ k~lqhedle bceb~bg xl~helT|e`lch+dl k~lq xbvi ocbe Ebhc NOZG\^T klth~hcdh% Ihcch Lhthi Id~celIMV+ch Altmh GBTB^ btbed% o~|i Qbchchhel hpl ^balt LCC klth~hcdh% 46+b xbge

vochp ili|~|e|e btbibp nbgb hccl~l xbvcd% 28=6 xcedbgh 28 Ibxp Klechg qlPvo~ Nbx~bi g|tcbibcb~ mbz~cgcb~ p~bpedb gzcb~e gxbaltcl~h el p~cl~lg#.Ipcibe# ebi|p|eb pbmhv g%. nbcgc ql | hnb~lcl~cl dlqbi ldle tbm~hgldh`h nhcdh~h dbtcd: .28 Ibxp kptl~hcl~h bd bctedb xhel ebi|p nb`cb~ize#haalt ql mbxbpeb gbmvl`l ql mbhe`l pbcd~b`bg nh~ ke klchxo~% X~lgcl~hihzhvb~bcxo~% hihzl gbe bgtcxo~%. # .Xhel ipcibe lqcbd gbe bcbibxb# gbah~dzle tb~baedbe pox|cb~bg# le iptlm`le ql glvbzl gcgtb tlmh~ ldhcl`lgth~% Nhexccg inb~lg tb~hmhihzl n|edbe dbmb nxg nh~ clgl p~clnhch~ ih? G|~t|c|Pbqbedb ebi|p|e| X|ebe lch gh~cltilgtlepl cilxh tl~`hm ldle inb~lgehelcl~hihzhe glihgcl~h pzcbibz i? Lx ipcibe# de# pekxcl beb

gb~eedbe o`|g gb~be zhmehxltcl# n| zhmehxlthe ab~g el? Ebibze gc# o~|`|e|t|t# xltl~7 gb~be i qb~ dhxle kbahc ipcibe ple dl de%%% De gh# mbddhehnhcilxlecl~l nhcdh~lchi mbdcl~heh% | mbdhp)h l~hah bpcb |e|tib# mbgpzcggb~pedb p|pbe dhcphz lxtbed~% El i|tc| `be hcl# gbe hcl# ibc hcl `hmbtldlecl~l%%% pcbih Klechg. -0# p%;; Ibxp 28=6 tb~hmhedl IMV+ehe hcl~h klclecl~hedle Klelc NbgbeXb~di`p Ke PBZBG cd~cd% N| p|hgbpte b~dedbe Ke PBZBG+e goiehptcl~ql poc`|cb~ tb~baedbe cd~cdee o~tbxb btcibp zl~hel# T~ghxl+ehe ml~tb~baedb nxg v~otlpto lxclicl~h xbvcd% -0# p%;8(

Dbmb e`l Gbm~bibeib~b ql Ibcbtxb+db o~tbxb goebe gbop pleb~xop| n|glz o~|idb pbmelcledh% Glethe Bclqh ibmbcclcl~hel pbcd~ xbvcd% cg pbcd~cb~db


21/94

4 ghh cd% 266+dle abzcb lq ql hxl~hel zb~b~ ql~hcdh% Dhl~ pleb~xocb~db ocd||khnh Bcbbtthe @bihh+el noinb btcd pxclethph `bihcl~he movb~c~edled|x|~|cb~bg `hmbt hcbe xbvcd% P|cb~e zlmh~cledhh hddhbp dbckb dbckb tio~|i+b xbxcd% N| lghcdl o~|i Ocbxcb~ nbcbtcd% -4# p%22tb~hmch Tb~ba Kbzltlphedl xbxecbebe bgcbibcb~edb#.o~|i ocbxcb~ ocb~bgnhchele btibcb~e hcg nci ibxp poecb~edb nbcbxv mbzh~bee hcg kecl~helgbdb~ dlqbi ltth% cg btibcb~ d~t ke p~d% lm~he hgh ibmbcclphehe eel

nb~hgbtcb~ ~cd% Nb~hgbtcb~e b~dedbe nh~nh~hihzl nhecl~`l g|~|e pgtg% Bpgl~ qlvochp btibxb glphechgcl idbmbcl ltildh% Xbcez`b btibcb~e b~dedbe xb~bcql ccl~h tovcbd% Tbi nh~ h pbqb o~tbixd% cg ocbxcb~db bbnlxhi# dbxieoc| ql vochpcl nh~chgtl tovcbi nl ghh mbxbte gbxnltth% Poe~b btibcb~d|~d|% B~bdb ocbxcb~ xbbed bib `be gbxn ocibd% Ll~ kqlechg kcl~h hcgbedb idbmbcl ltplxdh xb mh `be gbxn xbbeibxb`bgt xb db nh~gb gbxvcb n|ocbxcb~ d|~b`bgt% Tb~hmtl o~|i ocbxcb~ dhxl nh~ lx ocibxb`bgt% Nle odelidl `lzblqh ah~b~hphxdhi% Nlehicl nh~chgtl b~bebe nbgb cg`cl~ ql poc`|cb~db qb~d% Bib o~|idb bg bg docbxo~d|g% Mhnh~ tbghnl |~bixo~d|g%N|ke plihel~cl~l gbtcb~bg o~|idb gbtchbi xbbed dhxle delihe

nbpbq`p L~tle T~gl~ o zbibe el~ldlxdh% Nle o delidl n|e| mb~lglthihzhe


22/94

k`el nbcxo~d|i% Bib db~nlehe b~dedbe dlqclt nhzh mlile xbgbcbd% Odelidl ehxl xbgbcbeibdiz hidh og hxh becxo~|i%.

.N|e|e zl~hel hgh tb~batb db nh~ phcbmcbeib xb~d~ nbcbit% Nhzhighcl~nh~ xl~cl~dle bq talgcl~h n|ci|t|% Gledhpheh cg` ocb~bg tbetbe nbz p|nbxcb~

db nhzl phcbm ql vbtcbx` ql~dh% Xccb~ poe~b ~ledhi gh# poc`|cb~b db gledhphehdlq~hi`h)popxbchpt ocb~bg tbetbe p|nbxcb~ bxe phcbm ql vbtcbx`cb~dbe ql~ih%lgchedl nlxbedb n|c|ei|t|~%

Bdebe Nb~be+e bgcbibcb~ee xl~ bcd mbnl~l k~l#.o~|i ocbxcb~eg|~k|cbxbe gb~becg lccl~ le gbec vcbecb~e poeb pbgcbit% Gbec ahebche bd~lphBcblddhe @bihhxdh% Tlii|z bxee nh~ `|ib ke lmh~dlgh >6 `bihdl bxedldhgod| xbxcd: Goiehptcl~ ql Bclqhcl~ Bcblddhe @bihhel noinb btt%@libbttle clecl~ qb~% Bdebe Nb~be n| mbnl~ zl~hel Bcblddhe @bihhel hcggobecb~dbe nh~hxdh% Bib o~tbcgtb el noinb el dl c qb~d% Nb~be n|dldhgod|e|e xbxcibpee b~dedbe xbbebe hckhe nh~ ocbx becbtt:N| mbnl~heql~hcdhh `bihcl~dl mbcg kbclxbeb klch~gle o`bg nbgbe Gbzi B~bp hphich nh~cgdbiz nh~ `bihdl n| mbnl~he bpcpz ocd||e| nb~b b~b becbtv `libbthxbtt~ibxb bcxo~d|% Nh~dle nh~l nbeb hele povb db~nlcl~hxcl xl~l xcd%Becbcbe nh~hcl~h kl~lhe ~lehcilpheh hptlihxo~d|% Be`bg n| v~oqogbpxoe ltghchocd| ql lm~he vlg og xl~hedl Bclqhcl~l pbcd~cb~ xbvcd% Ocbxcb~db tovcbi =/2>/>622 tb~hmch tbeg ocb~bg bcebenlxbeedb -Po~|cbe po~| ql ql~dhh `lqbnb k~l(# ocbxb idbmbcl hhe o~|ibklcle Bibpxb T|kbx goi|tbeee mlez ocbxcb~ xbtibdbe kqlechg zbahxlthehdl nhcdhh mbcdl nh~chgcl~heh kl~h lgl~lg o~|i| tl~g ltthheh# b~dedbe gledhphehehcl~h Nbgbee b~bxb~bg xb~di hptldhhedl Xozkbttbe kedl~hcle jbedb~ibpbxpee 16 `hqb~edb ocd||e|# n|e|e db og xltl~phz gbcde# gledhcl~hehevbbee t|t|i|e| becbxbibdgcb~e nlch~tihth~%-Bx~`b ngz72 eoc| DQD qlgbxebg 2>(


o~|i ocbxcb~edb db xhel Gbm~bibeib~b ql Ibcbtxb ocbxcb~edbgh khnh `bihnoinbcbed # p|cb~ zlmh~cledh khnh pxclethcl~cl bclqh ql peeh mbcg ghtclcl~hehegb~ gb~xb klth~hcilph# ocbxb idbmbcl hhe klcle Bibpxb T|kbx goi|tbeeocbxcb~ xbtibdbe nh~chgcl~heh kl~h lgilph# ocbx nhzzbt xbbxbe Bdebe Nb~be+evochp ql bpgl~he ocbxcb~b idbmbcl ltildhh# gledhphxcl nh~chgtl ah~b~h pbegcb~e

glettl ~bmbtb klzilcl~hel hzhe ql~hcdhh# nbz p|nbxcb~e pb ql poc k~|vcb~b phcbmql vbtcbx` ql~dhgcl~h# Bcbbddhe @bihhel noinb btcdeb hchghe xbcbe mbnl~he


23/94

bpcpz ocd||e| `bihdl becbtibxb bcbe Gbzi B~bp hphich bmpe kl~lheo~tbxb gibpe hptlilxle ghhcl~`l povb db~nlcl~hxcl ltghphz mbcl klth~hcdhheldbh~ nlxbecb~ nh~chgtl dll~cledh~hcdhhedl# ocbxe cgldl gbop gb~b~bg xbvcb`bgdb~nlxl zlihe mbz~cbibg hptlxlecl~ tb~baedbe gb~cd becbcibgtbd~%

2%=% Abtpb Ovl~bpxoe|

O~d|+e|e Abtpb hclphedl 24 Lghidl 28;8 b~b plhicl~hedl b~gbpedb Dlq~hi`hXoc ~ktee dlptlh ocbe Tl~zh Ahg~h bdxcb el gbq|be Ahg~h PEILZ nlcldhxlnbgbe plhcdh% Tl~zh Ahg~h n| plhicl~cl hckhch .Nle Ahg~h PEILZ ocb~bg tlgnbib bdbx dlhchi% T~ghxl Dlq~hi`h Mb~lglthe kptl~ih ocd|| nh~ bdbxi%N| plhi hcg dlab dlq~hi`hcl~he gbzbei ocd|| nh~ plhidh~%. dlihth~% -0# p%18);6(

Tl~zh Ahg~h# gb~bno~pb delihedl klecl~cl nh~chgtl ptog|cb~b xbvtnbpgecb~cb ebi gbzbed% D|~|i| Zlgh I\PC\ -Abtpb @MV cl Nbgbe(: .Nlcldhxln| gb~bno~pb` hepbecb~cb |~bbibxe`b el xbvxo~# n| plal~ o klecl~gb~bno~pb xbvbe hepbecb~e dggbecb~e nbpibxb nbcbd% Nbpv hl~dl n|cd|gcb~ibccb~ tovcbxv# laledhi mbcgb dbtibxb nbcbdcb~%. lgchedl habdl ltilgtldh~%-4# p%228(

Nlcldhxl nbgbe Tl~zh Ahg~h# mbcge dlptlh hcl de`lcl~heh |xk|cbibxbnbcbd% Abtpb+db 22 Mbcg goihtlph g|~d|% Xelthi n| goihtlcl~ b~b`cxcb hdb~lldhchxo~d|% clxl kh~h ql gcb~ mbcg goihtlphehe dlelthih bctedbxd% Kbzltl`hcl~nhcl |z|e p~l po~k|cbedgtbe poe~b hclxl kh~lnhchxo~d|% N|e|ecb hckhch kbzltl`hL~mbe XHCDHZ xbbd ocbx: .Abtpb+xb dbmb otonpcl~he xbebt otokb~bkh~dhhihz bedb xbeizdb 0 tbel kle nlch~dh% Nhz qbchzcl~hihzcl |~b~gle htlehhe klcdhhihzh po~d|cb~%. lgchedl becbtibgtbd~%-4#228)2>6(

Nlcldhxl nbgbe Tl~zh Ahg~h Abtpb+db mbcg hgthdb~e g|~d|gcb~enlch~thxo~d|% Abtpb+ee popxbchpt hgthdb~e lgh~dlh ocd||e| hddhb ldhxo~d|% -4#p%2>6(

Abtpb hclph# pogbgcb~edb ~bmbtb docbcbibxbe# ~lpih dbh~lcl~hedl T~gnbx~b bpcibxbe# `bihcl~hedl ebibz gcebibxbe# og|ccb~edb iheh iheh

~le`hcl~hel dbmh poc x|i~|gcb~ mbqbdb letl~ebpxoebc ib~ pxclthcle# dlqcltk`el gb~# nb~hgbtcb~cb lq~hcih# mhnh~ bdch ql dlqclt o~kbe abbchxltkptl~lilxle# nte ilplclcl~heh 22 Mbcg)dh~leh goihtlcl~h tb~baedbezcilxl bccbe# ihcchxlth qbtbedbcb~e ibccb~ee hpthicbg ldhcl~lg klzo~cbed# khtilxlecl~he b`ibpz`b cd~cd nh~ xl~ mbchel klcdh% -0# p%;4(

N| klchilcl~he b~dedbe Abtpb+xb = Tlii|z 28=6+dl Pbip|e+dbe klclebpgl~h nh~chgcl~cl ovl~bpxoe dzlecledh% Ovl~bpxoe li~heh Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbevmlch Glebe LQ^LE ql~dh% Ml~mbekh nh~ dh~lehcl gb~cbcibdbe xbvcbeovl~bpxoecb~ poe|`|edbe Tl~zh Ahg~h PEILZ hcl nh~chgtl 066 ghh kzbcteb bced%



24/94

Dlqclt hl~hphedl gg nh~ dlqclt khnh ~ktclele O~d|e|e Abtpb hclphel#Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbe vmlch Glebe Lq~lehe li~hxcl idbmbcl ldhcihth%Otb~hmtl Pgxelthi hcbe ldhcle hccl~ b~bpedb O~d| xogt|%Docbxpxcb T~g PhcbmcG|qqltcl~h pgxelthi g|~|cibi nh~ nckldlgh ocbxcb~b idbmbcldln|c|ed|%Oxpb vmlch Glebe Lq~le# Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~eb bpgl~ ocb~bg

eldle idbmbcl ldhcildhh po~|cd||edb# pgxelthi hcbe ldhcildhh hhexltghcl~hehe ocibde nlch~tihth~%-Ngz# G%Ib~b ocbxcb~ nci( lpbple ml~ keoecb~`b hepbeize tl~~ ocbxcb~edbe cd nh~ o~tbidb# Nbnbgbe# Mgilt qldhl~ phxbph vb~th chdl~cl~hel do~|dbe# @|im|~nbgbeeb hpl do~|dbe ocibpbnhcl docbxc ocb~bg idbmbcldl n|c|ebnhcl`lhel hchghe |xb~ ilgt|n| ql~lnhcl`lggbdb~ gledhpheh kc k~le bpgl~h xelthihe# tl~~ ocbxcb~eb idbmbcl ldl~lgp|c|cb~ bdch il~`hcl~ eel gb~ibp# tovc|i ql phxbph hgthdb~ tb~baedbe be`bgtbgdh~ ldhclnhch~dh%Abtpb ovl~bpxoe| n| xexcl dhggbtl dll~dh~%

2%8% @|im|~nbgbec Plhicl~h

@|im|~nbgbe Abm~h Go~|t~g+e k~lq p~lph 1 Ehpbe 28=6 tb~hmhedldoc|xo~d|%Phxbph vb~thcl~he Ihccltqlghch pbxcb~eb k~l il`chptl nh~ vb~thehe tlgnbeb @|im|~nbgbe plil higbe xogt|% Vb~thcl~ @|im|~nbgbecgoe|p|edb becbbibdcb~% @|im|~nbgbeceb ilqz|bt kl~lh @|im|~hxltPlebtop| Nbgbe mpbe Pbn~h BCBXBEKC qlgbclt ldhxo~d|%@|im|~nbgbecplhi t|~cb~ bxcb~`b dlqbi ltth%

Poe| bcebibxbe @|im|~nbgbec plhi p~l`hedl @MV bdbx I|mphe

Nbt|~|e 060 ox bcd% N| p~bdb TPG Goi|tb Mlxlthehe Kelx Do|dbn|c|e|xo~d|# @|im|~nbgbeee plhcil hmthibchedle TPG Goi|tb Mlxlthehe~bmbtpz ocd|% xbecb~edb n|c|ebe delihe hcl~h Nbgbe O~mbe L~leehebecbtieb k~l7 nh~ b~b goi|tb mlxlthehe db~ gt# poe~b O~k% Pldbt@lcbp|e|e klcl~lg 2 ke poe~b Begb~bxb khtilg hptldhgcl~heh pxcldh% O~mbeL~lehe ledhlxh plzl~lg el ocd||e| po~ibp zl~hel# @lcbp|e Vbbeenbgpbezb bdbicb~ @|im|~nbgbee plhxo~cb~# dlilph zl~hel O~mbe L~leheledhl ltilxhe vbbi pllilzcl~# 060tl ocpb pllilzcl~ dhxo~d|%-Kbzltl`h)

Xbzb~ Ilmilt Bch Nh~bete mbz~cbxv p|ed|| 2> Lxcc Nlcklplchedl O~mbe L~lek~etc ocb~bg becbtit~%(


N| goe|ibcb~dbe delihe TPG goi|tb gbdlilphehe xbvi ocd|| db~nlvcbeee bgbiltl |~bibibp hhe# @|im|~nbgbeee plhcilpheh hptlildhh#phxbph hpthg~b~pzc db~nl xbvibg hhe nh~ a~pbt ocb~bg k~d# bpc bib`e ml~mbcgb~db db~nl xbvibg ocd|| poe|`|eb qb~cibgtbd~%

2%26% IPV+ehe Goexb Ihthekh

2> Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlphel kl~lgl kptl~hcle ocbxcb~dbe nh~ tbelph IPVehe Goexbihthekh hdh% p~bhc+he >0 Tlii|z 28=6 tb~hmhedl G|dp+# p~bhc+he lnldh nbgleth


25/94

hcbe ltilphel tlvgh ocibg zl~l IPV tb~baedbe 1 Lxcc 28=6 tb~hmhedl Goexb+dbG|dp ihthekh dzlecleilphel gb~b~ ql~hcdh% Ihthek tl~thv goihtlph xlph IPVGoexb plebt~ Bmilt ^lizh MBTV+he ql IPV Klelc Nbgbe Xb~di`p lel~NBTTBC+e bgph xedlgh hgbzcb~eb ~bile nlch~cleih pcokbecb~ dedb Cbhgchggb~t pcokecb~ nbz k~|vcb~ tb~baedbe p~b~cb dhcl klth~hcdh% -0# p%82)8>(

Xbvcbe ihthekdl v~oqbgbt~ k~|vcb~e ~oc ocd|| hddhb ldhcdh% N| goe|dbghbgcbibcb~b nbgcdedb: -0# p%8>)88(

N| goe|db IMV Klechg Goccb~ Nbgbe Kbchv GPL nlxbeedb .Og|ccb~dbocbx gb~be nh~ og goiehpt ghhcl~h goeqoxcb~db k~dg% N| ghhcl~h lhtchpcokbecb~cb cgdbcb~iz tbm~hg ltilcl~h# n|eb gb~cg cgdbcb~ize n|tbm~hgcl~l gbvcibibcb~ nhzcl~h plqhedh~ihth~%. dldh%

IPV Klelc plg~ltl~h O|zmbe BPCT^G ; Lxcc 28=6+dl dzlecldhh nbpetovcbetpedb .N| i|mtlli tovcbetdb mhnh~ iliclglt lqcbdee pthgcbc Ib~

pxcleh~gle el ot|~d||eb el dl pcokbe btteb ghipl bmht ocibit~%. dhxl~lgIPV+ehe p|cbebibxb`be nlch~tth%

Delihe Nbnbgbe Pclxibe DLI^LC 28=; xcedb xbpbgcb~e gbcgibphhe xbvcbe ~lal~bed|i e`lph goe|ibpedb Goexb G|dp ihthekhedlenbmpldl~lg .Ml~ bpgl~h idbmbcl e`lph h~th`b ql cbhgchg helehxo~ kl~lglphqb~d~% 28=6 dbmhc% 1 Lxcc 28=6 tb~hmhedl xbvcbe Goexb ihthekhedl p|n|c|eibdeb k~l do~| i| xbvcxo~? Dexo~|i# klchxo~|i n| ihthek 2>Lxcc 28=6+dl gb~cbe hmthcbc nlxbeebilphedl hmthcbc kl~lglph ocb~bgkptl~hchxo~%%%. dhxo~d|%

= Lxcc 28=6+dl hpl BV Goexb c Nbgbe Bdebe BH^NBCH bgcbibpedb7ocbxcb~e b~gbpedb Ib~gphpt chpbe hcl goe|becb~e ocd||e|# n|kel dlgGoexb+db k~cilxle ghhcl~he ocbxcb~b gb~te hddhb ltihth%

Delihe Goexb Nlcldhxl Nbgbe Ilmilt GLL@CL^ hpl >2 Ib~t >661+dbql~dhh dliltl7 El`iltthe L^NBGBE+ hmthcbche klcdhhel hebed~bibdenlch~tl~lg# ihthek e`lphedl ql lpebpedb xbbebecb~ | lghcdl becbtxo~d|:.%%%L~nbgbe Mo`b +Goexb+db G|dp+ g|~tb~ib ihthekh xbvbci+ dldh%%% cg nbtbnleh tl~thv goihtlph nbgbe xbvibg hptldhcl~% +Nle n| ihthekl gb~xi+ dhxl~lggbn|c ltildhi%%% Mo`bxcb il`chptlgh ~bedlq|ib khtthhidl# Nbgbecg Dhqbe

tovcbetp qb~d% K~|v odbpedbgh tovcbet ibpbpedb O|zmbe BPCT^G# lqgltGBZBE# Pclxibe B~ha LI^L# ^l`bh G\TBE hcg kzil b~vbecb~d% +Mo`bi dldhi1 Lxcc+dl Goexb+db xbvb`biz ihthekhe mh abxdbp xog% Ihthek xbvibgcb G|dpg|~t|cibz% G|dp+ g|~tb~ibg hhe bpgl~ xbzb`bgpbez nleh nh~ e|ib~bxb xbze%~ledhhi gbdb~xcb Bpgl~h |~b+db hmthcbc gb~b~ ql~hcih qbzhxlttl% N| ihthekhmthcbche plnlvcl~hedle nh~hph mbchel klth~hch~% Mlvhihzhe# nte vb~thchcl~he nbdl~dl kh~l~+%%% Elxpl ihthek xbvxo~|z% L~nbgbe ihg~oaoe| bcv# pthgcbc Ib~ hhenhzzbt plp ql~dh% Mlv nh~ bzdbe pxcleh~gle nbgti# le edl nbz bdbicb~ bxbbgbcgixo~% Ghihe qlxb ghicl~he xbvte mbcb nhcihxo~|i# ot|~becb~e mlvphGoexb+ee ilm|~ dlchcl~hxdh% I|ptbab+dbe pibhc+l Plcbmbtthe+l gbdb~ el gbdb~

dlchihz qb~pb mlvphehe pbcql~ihcl~ pogbb% zl~cl~hel xlhc gbatbecb~# nbcb~edbxlhc pb~gcb~# nox|ecb~edb go`b Ilqcbeb tlpnhmcl~h% Db~dbe klcle kbzltl`hcl~


26/94

mbgc ocb~bg n|ecb~ eo~ibc bdbi zbeeltth% L~tlph ke Mo`b IPV# nle dl nlcldhxlbdeb dhclgl ql~dhg Pbq`cb ql Qbchchl% pthgcbc Ib~ og|e|~gle ot|~becb~dbehgbxlthxhz dhxl%%%.

1 Lxcc 28=6+dlgh Goexb ihthekh bpgl~h db~nlehe chdl~cl~h tb~baedbe hpl

.nb~db tb~be poe dbicb. ocb~bg k~cit~% Bpgl~h db~nlehe chdl~h vmlchGlebe LQ^LE 21 Lxcc+dl xbvt hcg nbpe tovcbetpedb ihthekdle | lghcdlnbmpldhxo~d|: .Goexb ocbxcb~ kl~h`hchhe el nox|tcb~b |cbte kptl~ihth~%Ihcclthihzhe n| ocbx gb~pedb kzcl~h bci# tlmchglxh nte nox|tcb~xcbk~it~%. Db~nlehe vcbecbx`cb~edbe Mbxdb~ PBCTHG hpl >8 Lghi 28=6+dlxbvt nbpe tovcbetpedb n| goe|db: .Goexb ihthekh 2> Lxcc+l klcheilphedlnb~db tb~be poe dbicb oci|t|~%. lgchedl bgcbib xbvt%

Bpgl~h db~nl poe~bp Goexb ihthekhxcl bcbgbc xb~kcbebecb~e ti nl~bbtltth%

2> Lxcc bpgl~h db~nlphehe hb~ltcl~hedle nh~h dl Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbevmlch Glebe LQ^LE+he 06 B|ptop ke Zbal~ Nbx~bi eldlehxcl ql~ih ocd||ilpbjcb~d% LQ^LE T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hel ql~dhh ilpbjdb# .%%%Bzhzb~gbdbcb~i% Phzcl~ dl n| ocbxcb~ k~v d|xd|gb lihehi gh le bz nlehi gbdb~zet d|xibgtbpez% Be`bg |eb hebez gh n| pbtci zbqbcccb~ nh~ bq|bzecgt~%%%. # .%%%Ql phz oecb~e mlvpheh nh~ bedb xog ldl`lg ktlphehz% Bpc#plphzchhihzh ql pbn~ez kcl~hehe gbetxi khnh kptl~ilg hptlxlecl~# ebpcxbecdgcb~e nh~ zbibe klcl`lg b` lghcdl k~l`lgcl~dh~%. dhxo~d|%


N| ocbxdb# pthgcbc Ib~ p~bpedb bxbb gbcgibxbe ghhcl~he# ihthekh dzleclxleIPVehe Klelc Nbgbe ocbe L~nbgbee goi|t|xcb pxcltthh pthgcbc Ib~p~bpedb bxbb gbcgibibcb~# ocbxdbe poe~b mli L~nbgbe mli dl NlcldhxlNbgbe Ilmilt Gll`hcl~ tb~baedbe xbvcbe hgbxltcl~dle nh~ poe| bceibibpql n| ghhcl~he h~th`b k~etcl~h ql~le bnb~tc gxbaltcl~h dhggbtl bcededb IPVchocibd# nlezl~ v~oqbgbtha lxclicl~ hhe mbz~cbei# xbvcb`bg db~nldl kl~lglg|ccbecb`bg ghhcl~ ocd|| poe|`|eb qb~cibgtbd~%

HHH%NCI

2> Lxcc e`lph Poe L@LQT ql DLI^LC Mgiltcl~h Delih

>2/6;/28;; tb~hmhedl hgthdb~b klcle Pclxibe DLI^LC nbgbecedbgh IPV qlIMV+dle oc|be gobchpxoe mgilthehe ->% Ihcchxlth @lvml Mgilth( 02 B~bcg


27/94

28;; tb~hmch ot|~|i|edb @MV tb~baedbe ql~hcle klepo~| hcl d~cilpheheb~dedbe# mgilth g|~ib k~lqh Nclet L@LQT+l ql~hcdh% @MV Klelc NbgbeNclet L@LQT Bdbclt Vb~thphedle bx~cbe 22 nbipz ihccltqlghchehe dlptlh hclg|~i| ocd|| 4>% mgilt delih xogc|gcb~ delih oci|t|% cgldl vlt~ocn|c|ebixo~# H~bg vb~bpe bcbibd hhe no~| mbtte gbvbtxo~d|% Xbgt ocibxbe

hath ~lthih d|~d|~i|# lghecl~ nhhclihxo~d|% Gtcg tlmchglph eldlehxcl L@LQTmgilth mbcge kzedle dit%

Ibchxl Nbgbe Zhxb ILZZEOC\+e|e nlxbecb~eb k~l cglehe dtliphc`hchgcl~hehe ibbcb~ee dleilphedl zo~c|g lghchxo~d|% Il~glz Nbegbp+eedlil lih~cl~hel |x|ci|xo~# zbibe zbibe T~ghxl+ehe klihcl~hel xb db T~gMbqb Xoccb~ee |bgcb~eb lc goe|cibpedbe nbmpldhchxo~d|% dleilxle dno~cb~ eldlehxcl cglehe pqh~l+dl t|t|cbe ~lpih bcte ptogcb~ee mb`zldhciltlmchglphel gb~ ecli ocb~bg n| bctecb~ khzch`l T~ghxl+xl klth~hcdh% -4# p%80)84(

cglxl d xb~di klclnhcilph hhe T~ghxl+ehe HIA+ehe -\c|pcb~b~bp Vb~bAoe|( b~tcb~e gbn|c ltilph hptlehxo~d|% L@LQT mgilth n| b~tcb~ gbn|cltildh%

cgl \c|pcb~b~bp tlal`hcl~l i|mtb d|~|ib dt% T~ghxl phcocb~edbn|c|ebe nte tb~i ~ecl~heh 2< Gbpi 28;8+db xbvcbekqle oxcbibpedb kqleox| bcb~bg k~lql nbcbd% Pclxibe DLI^LCtb~baedbe g|~|cbe mgilt bzecg mgilth hdh%

Bdbclt Vb~thph Klelc Nbgbe Pclxibe DLI^LC+he g|~i| ocd||

mgilthe dlq~bcd o kee T~ghxl+phedl lgoeoih get hl~hphedlxdh% Tl~~ocbxcb~ hpl kedle kel t~ibexo~d|%

HQ%NCI

2% 2> Lxcc 28=6 e`lph Db~nl Xelthihehe Xbvt Mbz~cgcb~ ql Btt Bdicb~


28/94

2%2 Idbmbcl Ahg~hehe O~tbxb g

2> Lxcc e`lph bpgl~h idbmbcl ahg~h 28;8 xcee Tlii|z bx hl~hphedl o~d|e|ept gbdlilphedl bg bg goe||cibxb nbcbed% N| tb~hmcl~dl vmlch GlebeLQ^LE g|qqlt goi|tbecb~xcb k~ilcl~ xbvt% Xbvt k~ilcl~ poe|`|edbKlelcg|~ibx >% Nbgbe O~klel~bc Mbxdb~ PBCTHG+tbe nh~ bcib k~|n|g|~ibpe hptldh% Nbgbece Mbxdb~ PBCTHG+e g|~d|| 0 ghhchg k~|vtb hgh dlg|~ibx p|nbx qb~d%-2 B~bcg 28;8 tb~hmhedl Klelcg|~ibxNbgbe vmlch Glebe LQ^LE# G|qqlt Goi|tbecb~# Mb~v Bgbdlihcl~h Goi|tbe#

O~d| ql Goco~d| Goi|tbecb~ee gbtcicb~xcb tovcbetcb~ xbvt% N| tovcbetp~lcl~hehe poe|edb >1 B~bcg 28;8 tb~hmhedl mgilttlgh vb~th chdl~cl~hxcl dhl~phxbph vb~th chdl~cl~hel |xb~ ilgt|n| ql~hcilph xeedl gb~b~ bced% - \xb~ Ilgt|n|e|e Ql~hcilph

>; B~bcg 28;8 tb~hmhedl @|im|~nbgbe Abm~h GO^\T^G b~b`cxcb Nbnbgbeql dhl~ phxbph vb~th chdl~cl~hel Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbe O~klel~bc vmlch GlebeLQ^LE# gledhphehe ql Gb~b G|qqltcl~h Goi|tbe O~klel~bc E|~ltthe L^PE# Dlehz

G|qqltcl~h Goi|tbe O~bih~bc Ncled \C\P\# Mbqb G|qqltcl~h Goi|tbeO~klel~bc Tbmphe BMEGBXB hcl Jbedb~ib Klelc Goi|tbe O~klel~bc Pldbt@LCBP\E|e hizbcb~e tbxbe ql cgldl xbbebe phxbph ql popxbc bcgbetcb~gb~pedb T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hehe k~e hl~le nh~ |xb~ ilgt|n|e|# tbgdhixbzp hcl @|im|~nbgbe Abm~h GO^\T^Gl tlpchi ltth%

@|im|~nbgbe Abm~h GO^\T^G# > O`bg 28=6 tb~hmhedl# Nbnbgbe qlBdbclt Vb~thph -BV( Klelc Nbgbe Pclxibe DLI^LC hcl @|im|~hxlt Mbcg Vb~thph-@MV( Klelc Nbgbe Nclet L@LQTh begbxb Ggel nh~chgtl dbqlt ldl~lg# hghchdl~l# gledhphel p|e|cbe .T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hehe K~. nbcgc |xb~

ilgt|n|e|e ~elheh ql~dh%@|im|~nbgbe GO^\T^G# |xb~ ilgt|n|e|e nh~ ~elheh bxe tb~hmtl

Ihcclt Il`chph Nbgbe @bmht GB^BGB# @|im|~hxlt Plebtop| Nbgbe mpbe Pbn~hBCBXBEKC# @|im|~hxlt Plebtop| Ihcch Nh~chg K~|n| Nbgbe Abm~h ZDCLG#@|im|~hxlt Plebtop| Goetlejbe K~|n| Nbgbe Zlxxbt NBXGB^B hcl Ihcch PlcbiltVb~thph Klelc Nbgbe El`iltthe L^NBGBE# Ihcchxlth Mb~lglt Vb~thph KlelcNbgbe Bcvb~pcbe T^GL# @|im|~hxlth Kqle Vb~thph Klelc Nbgbe T|~mbeALXZOC\ ql Dliog~bthg Vb~th Klelc Nbgbe Qlghch Ab~|g PGBEb db kedl~dh%-0# p%260(

Ilgt|vtb @|im|~nbgbeeb p|e|cbe tbgdhi xbzp | lghcdl hdh:


29/94

. Pbxe @|im|~nbgbei#

cglihzhe hhedl n|c|ed|| o~tbidb Dlqclthihzhe nlgbp# ihcch nh~chhepbcbeibp# mbcge ibc ql `be kqlechhehe tliheh hhe7 beb~h# tl~~ qlnc`cl gb~ vb~cbiletl~ dliog~bthg ~ljhi hl~hphedl bebxbpbc g|~|c|cb~e

ql zlcchgcl phxbph vb~thcl~he# Btbt~g ihcch nh~ k~cl itl~lgle tldnh~cl~ qlb~lcl~ b~bibcb~ gbecibz nh~ zo~|ec|g ocb~bg k~cilgtldh~%

Ihcch Kqlechg G|~|c|e|e i|mtlcha tovcbetcb~edb n| goe|db bcebegb~b~cb~e i|mbclaltl ilep|v phxbph vb~thcl~he gp~ t|t|i ql dbq~becb~xzedle oc|ic| poe|cb~b kt~clildhh xgplg ibc|icb~d~%

G|qqlt Goi|tbecb~ hcl nl~bnl~ xbvti poe klzhcl~hidl O~d| ql Goco~d|Goi|tbi plqhxlphedlgh klel~bc ql bih~bccl~cl k~ilcl~hidl ihcch nh~chg qlnl~bnl~chl le og hmthxb d|xd||i|z n| delidl p~btcl nh~ poe|`b|cbbnhcilg hhe kl~lgch tldnh~cl~he itl~lgle tlpvhth bib` hcl ti bebxbpbc

g|~|c|cb~ ql phxbph vb~thcl~he nh~ gl~l dbmb |xb~cibp nte goi|tbecb~`bitl~lgle dhcl klth~hcdh%

N| gb~b~ edb T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hehe k~cl~heh# Ihcch Kqlechg G|~|c|Nbgbe ocb~bg zbtbchcl~hel p|e|xo~|i%

Kl~lheh xgplg tbgdh~cl~hel b~z ldl~hi%

Pbxkcb~icb% .

Phxbph vb~th chdl~cl~hel ql~hcilph hptlelele nci hpl:

.T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hehe K~

cglihzhe hhedl n|c|ed|| poe dl~l`l elich phxbph# lgoeoihg ql popxbco~tbidb ml~ klle ke mze nh~bz dbmb b~t~be beb~h# tl~~ ql nc`cl gb~ihcch nh~chg ql nl~bnl~chhe pbcbebnhcilph hhe7 T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h# cglxelthihedl ltghch ql po~|ic| bebxbpbc g|~|c|cb~ ql zlcchgcl phxbph vb~thcl~hk~lql dbqlt ltilg il`n|~hxlthedl gbcit~%

Gbm~bibeib~b ocbxcb~ee xcdeiedl mlez hcg ql o~tb)~lthibedbgh lqcbtcb~ize ~ktc lxcli`hcl~ tb~baedbe zo~cb p~gcledhgcl~h

beb~hg ocbxcb~ hn~ltcl ibmbdl ldhcilgtldh~%Bebxbpbize klth~dhh kleh m~~hxltcl~h gtxl g|ccbeb~bg pthgcbc Ib~izxl~hel goiehpt letl~ebpxoebch pxclxlecl~l# l~hbt dzleh dbqlthcl~hel#dliog~bthg ~ljhi xl~hel ml~ t~c abhzih klth~ilg hptlxlecl~l# beb~hxl# xg`cbql nc`cl ihcclthihzhe tbmbiic gbcibit~%

gthdb~ ocbe phxbph vb~thcl~he nte dlqclt gbdlilcl~heh gledh phxbphk~cl~h do~|ct|p|edb mb~lglt ldl`lg ghhcl~cl docd|~ibp# gbi| k~lqchcl~heheql qbtbedbcb~e nceilpheh zo~|ec| mbcl klth~ilgtldh~% Phxbph vb~thcl~`lxb~btcbe n| nceil khdl~lg beb~h ql nc`c dlptlgclxle h gbxebgcb~e

lghccleilphel# mhibxlphel7 vochp# ~ltile ql dhl~ nh~og g|~|c|cb~e nh~nh~heldibe gbivcb~b bx~cibcb~eb eldle ocibgtbd~%


30/94

T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h7 cglihzhe phxbph# lgoeoihg ql popxbc po~|ecb~eb nh~zi klth~lilxle# beb~h ql nc`ce cgl ntece tlmdht ldlenox|tcb~b qb~ibpe eclxlilxle# nc` ql xg` k|~|vcb~b tbqhzcl~ ql~le qlgp~ phxbph lghilcl~ eldleh hcl |zcbibz t|t|icb~i p~d~le phxbph vb~thcl~h|xb~ibxb gb~b~ ql~ihth~%

Ncklihzdlgh klchilcl~ O~tbdo|db ml~ be p`bg nh~ btibxbdelnhcl`lg d|~|idbd~% tl beb~hpt ql nc`cl~ x|~t pbtmedb klelc nh~bxbgcbeibee v~oqbcb~e xbvibgtbd~cb~%

cgldl nh~chg ql nl~bnl~chhe# qbtbedbe `be ql ibc kqlechhehe p~btclpbcbebnhcilph hhe kl~lgch gpb ql |z|e qbdlch tldnh~cl~he X`l Il`chpcl~hihzdl legpb zbibedb gb~b~cbt~cibp n|keg o~tbi hhedl mbxbth nh~ elitbibgtbd~%

Dhl~ xbedbe Il`chpcl~he bcedbe nh~n||g bx poe~b goihpxoecb~e be`bg tlghc

ldhclnhcilph ql cglehe b`hcle zi nlgclxle goe|cb~e izbgl~l hhe n|kelgbdb~ itl~lg nh~ kedlihe pbvtbebibibp zet hcl hzcleilgtldh~% Btbt~gihcchxlthchhedle bcebe hcmbi ql mzcb qbtbedbcb~iz gbdl~dl# gqbetb qltbpbdb o~tbg# nceilz nh~ nte mbchedl ihcch ||~ ql cgcl~ lt~baedbtovcbibee7 h nb~ ql m|z|~|e pbcbeibpedb tlilc |ep|~ ocd|| bvbg nh~kl~lgth~% cglehe hhedl n|c|ed|| n| d|~|idbe nh~ be lqqlc g|~t|cibpmgiltcl~ gbdb~ dhl~ phxbph vb~thcl~hihzhe dl k~lqcl~h b~bpedbd~%

T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h7 Mhzilt Xbpbp hcl gledhphel ql~hcle k~lq qlpo~|ic|c||e hd~bgh hhedl cglihzhe n|keg mbxbth po~|ecb~ gb~pedb phxbph

vb~thcl~hihzhe nh~ be e`l ihcch ileabbtcl~hihzh e vcbeb bcb~bg# Bebxbpbizehcglcl~h do~|ct|p|edb ql Btbt~g nh~ k~cl nh~ b~bxb klcl~lg beb~h# tl~~ qlnc`cg khnh Dlqclth gl~tilxl xelchg ml~ t~c mb~lgltcl~l gb~ nteeclicl~h itl~lgle bcibcb~e ql dhl~ bebxbpbc g|~|c|cb~e db n| xedlxb~di` ocibcb~e p~b~cb hptlilgtldh~%. lgchedldh~%

Bebxbpbc dliog~bthg phptli hl~hphedl phqhc oto~htlxl nbc ql oe|e li~hedlocbe T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h ql oe|e goi|tb gbdlilphehe hl~hphedl nbc ocd|gcb~Nbnbgbee db n|c|ed|| phxbph vb~th chdl~cl~hel kedl~ih ocd|| ilgt|vtbg|ccbed# .T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h7%%% |zcbibz t|t|icb~e p~d~le phxbph vb~thcl~h|xb~ibxb gb~b~ ql~ihth~%. lgchedl ptlchgtl ilgt|n|e dlqbiedb @|im|~hxlt

tb~hmhihz nox|e`b bpgl~h db~nl kl~lglph ocb~bg g|ccbecbe Mhzilt Gbe|e|e| dbmbt~cbtb~bg |xb~ibp dliog~bthg ~ljhi bpedbe tlmdhtth~%

2%0% Nbx~bg Mb~lgbt Dh~lgthahehe -Vcbe( Pgxelthi Goi|tbecb~eb Kedl~hcilph

Bpgl~h db~nl vcbe mbz~cgcb~e tbibicbxbe O~klel~bc Mbxdb~ PBCTHG 4 Mbzh~be28=6 tb~hmhedl Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbe vmlch Glebe LQ^LE+l vcbe p|ed|%.Nbx~bg Mb~lgbt. bd ql~hcle vcbe he`lclxle LQ^LE 2; Mbzh~be 28=6 tb~hmhedlxbvcbe 1% Pgxelthi tovcbetpedbe poe~b Klelcg|~ibx Gb~b~kbmedb G|qqlt

Goi|tbecb~# Pgxelthi Goi|tbecb~ ql >% Nbgbee gbtcixcb xbvcbetovcbetdb vcbecb hckhch nhckh ql~hcl~lg el~hcl~h bced% -


32/94

ocd||e| nlch~tle li~he n|c|ed|| zb~acb~cb T~ghxl+ehe d~t nh~ xbeeb mb~lgltltthcl~% -4# p%2>8)206( B~tg kl~h pbxi nbcbit%

2> Lxcc Bpgl~h xelthihehe hheh gocbxcbt~be klchilcl~dle nh~h dl < Lxcc28=6 ke Dhcl~h Nbgbe Mbx~ltthe L^GILE+he klepo~|xcb Nbgbecgtbe

d~ci ocibpxd% Dhcl~h Nbgbe p~bhc+he G|dp+ lnldh nbglet hcbeltilphxcl hckhch xltl~ch tlvghxh ql~ililgcl p|cbeit% Ql~hcle klepo~|e|e gbn|cldhcilphxcl @|im|~hxlt tb~hmhedl hcg glz nh~ Dhcl~h Nbgbe klepo~|xcbd~ci ocd|% - Lxcc Bpgl~h Db~nlph ql Poe~bp

Nlgclele kee klcilph hcl 2> Lxcc 28=6 ke pbbt 60:


33/94

tl n| o~tbi hhedl T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h# Mhzilt Gbe|e|e|e ql~dhh T~ghxl@|im|~hxlth+eh goccbib ql go~|ib k~lqheh x`l T~g Ihcclth bdeb lih~ qlgoi|tb zhe`h~h hhedl ql lih~cl xl~hel klth~il gb~b~e bci ql cgl xelthihelntexcl lc goxi|t|~%

Kh~hhcle mb~lgbte bib`# cgl ntece go~|ibg# ihcch nh~chg ql nl~bnl~chhpbcbibg# i|mtlilc nh~ h pbqb ql gb~dl gbqkbpe eclilg# dlqclt oto~htlphehql qb~ce xlehdle tlphp ltilg ql dliog~bthg dzlehe hclilphel ibeh ocbeplnlvcl~h o~tbdbe gbcd~ibgt~%

Vb~cbileto ql Mgilt alpmldhcihth~% Vb~cbileto xlcl~hehe dog|e|cibzcgbcd~cit~%

Nte x|~ttb pgxelthi hcbe ldhcihth~%

X|~t deb gcb~ xbpbgcbeit~%

Qbtbedbcb~e `be ql ibc kqlechheh p~btcl pbcbibg nbgiedbe pbbt 6 Lxcc28=6 tb~hmch 2;260 pbxc igl~~l~ pbxp(

Nhcdh~hxcl nh~chgtl T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~h lih~)goi|tb zhe`h~h hl~hphedl cglxelthihel ntexcl lc goxb~bg# vb~cbileto ql mgilth alpm ltth% Nte x|~ttbpgxelthi hcbe ldhcdh% X|~tdeb gcb~ xbpbgcbed%

Bxe ke pbbt 20:66+tl vmlch Glebe LQ^LE Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbe ql IhcchKqlechg Goeplxh Nbgbe pabtxcb ~bdxo ql tlclqhzxoedbe .Klelcg|~ibx ql IhcchKqlechg Goeplxh Nbgbe O~klel~bc Glebe LQ^LE+he Bgcbibp. nbcgcgoe|ibpedb cgl xelthihel eldle lc goxd|gcb~e becbtxo~d|% -Bxe tb~hmch qlpbxc ^lpih Kbzltl(

gh e|ib~bc nhcdh~hdl Pgxelthi Goi|tbecgcb~eb ghicl~he btbed#

pgxelthi goi|tbecb~ee cz|i k~l`lgcl~h ml~ t~c tl~thv ql tldnh~h bcibxbxltghch gcedgcb~ ql Pgxelthi Goi|tbecgcb~ee bcd ql bcb`b gb~b~cb~b#tldnh~cl~l ql xbxecbeb`bg nhcdh~hcl~l |x|cb`be nlch~thxo~d|% 0 e|ib~bc nhcdh~hdlkdb ql pbcgcb hckhch tldnh~cl~dle nbmpldhcdh% -Bxe tb~hmch ql pbxc ^lpih Kbzltl(

4 e|ib~bc nhcdh~hdl Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxhehe# nbgbe Klelcg|~ibxNbgbe O~klel~bc Glebe LQ^LE# xlcl~ hpl Gb~b G|qqltcl~h Goi|tbe O~klel~bcE|~ltthe L^PE# Mbqb G|qqltcl~h Goi|tbe O~klel~bc Tbmphe BMEGBXB# DlehzG|qqltcl~h Goi|tbe O~bih~bc Eljbt TIL^# Jbedb~ib Klelc Goi|tbe O~klel~bcPldbt @LCBP\E+dbe oc|t||# Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxh plg~ltl~chhel hpl O~klel~bcMbxdb~ PBCTHG+e btbed nlch~thchxo~d|% -Bxe tb~hmch ql pbxc ^lpih Kbzltl(


34/94

Bx~`b Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxh gb~d 2>/2>/28=6 tb~hmch ql >00>4 Pbxc ql >;/26/28=6 tb~hmch Bebxbpb Dzleh Mbggedb Gbe|e|e>%ibddlphedlgh Bebxbpbdb T~ghxl Nxg Ihcclt Il`chphel# Ihcclt Il`chphel ql@|im|~hxlt Plebtop|eb bht ocd|| nlch~thcih n|c|ebe k~lq ql xltghcl~ 2> Lxcc28=6 tb~hmhedle hthnb~le klh`h ocb~bg Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxhe`l ql@|im|~nbgbeeb bht ocd|| nlch~thcih n|c|ebe k~lq ql xltghcl~ dl IhcchKqlechg Goeplxh Nbgbe ql Dlqclt Nbgbee`b xl~hel klth~hch~ ql g|ccbec~%lgchedlgh dzleclilcl~cl T~ghxl Nxg Ihcclt Il`chphel# @|im|~hxlt Plebtop|ebql @|im|~nbgbeeb bht xltghcl~l `ln~le lc goe|cd|%

Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxhehe < e|ib~bc nhcdh~hphedl# |cbi ql mbnl~clil hclhckhch tldnh~cl~l xl~ ql~hcdh% 1 e|ib~bc nhcdh~hdl T~g Phcbmc G|qqltcl~hel nh~ ilpbjxbxecbed% ; e|ib~bc nhcdh~hxcl phxbph vb~th abbchxltcl~h xbpbgcbed# DPG# IPG qln|ecb~b nbc pledhgbcb~e abbchxltcl~h d|~d|~|cd|% T~g Mbqb G|~|i|# o`|gLph~klil G|~|i| ql Gzcbx mb~h dhl~ nte dl~elgcl~he abbchxltcl~h d|~d|~|cd|%Nh~ gpi dhl~ tldnh~cl~l xl~ ql~hcdh% = e|ib~bc nhcdh~hdl gbi| g|~|c|cb~xcbghtcl~dl ql zl~g dlqclt g|~|c|cb~edb bcbe k~lqchcl~he lilgchchg# hpthab ql htlebx~cibcb~ hghe`h nh~ li~l gbdb~ d|~d|~|cd|% 8 e|ib~bc nhcdh~hxcl Liehxlt KlelcId~c ti tlghcbt hcl nh~chgtl 2> Lxcc 28=6 tb~hmhedle hthnb~le Jbedb~ib

Klelc Goi|tbecee li~hel ql~hcdh% Liehxlt Klelc Id~cel Go~klel~bcMbx~ltthe TOC\EBX btbed% -Bxe tb~hmch ql pbxc ^lpih Kbzltl(

2> Lxcc bpgl~h xelthihe`l n| lghcdl cglehe tbibi dlelthi ql goet~ocbcteb bced%

2> Lxcc 28=6 tb~hmhedl db~nlehe b~gbpedbe phxbph vb~thcl~he abbchxltcl~hxbpbgcbeit% 21 Lghi 28=2 tb~hmhedl gb~cbe >/61/28=2 tb~hmhedl pbxc Ihcch Kqlechg Goeplxh gb~b~xcb 22 Lxcc28=6 tb~hmhedl vb~cbileto xlph n|c|ebe phxbph vb~th ilep|vcb~ hcl ml~gbdlildl phxbph vb~th xelth`hph ql ilep|vcb~ee T~ghxl+ehe klih qlxbklcl`lg phxbph qlxb m|g|gh xbvpxcb hckhch ocb~bg becbxcb~ do~|ct|p|edb pzcqlxb xbzc nlxbedb n|c|eibcb~ qlxb ibgbcl xbzibcb~ ql n| bibcb tovcbetxbvibcb~# pgxelthi |xk|cbibcb~eb hchghe ocb~bg PgxelthiGoi|tbecgcb~ee goxd|| xbpbgcb~e ql bcd gb~b~cb~e ml~mbekh nh~ lghcdltb~tcibp xbpbgcbed% Xbpbgcb~b |xibxbecb~ mbggedb ahhccl~h nbgb nh~ p|oc|t|~pb nhcl bx~`b 246> pbxc Pgxelthi gbe|e| 21% ibddlph |xb~e`b hclixbvcb`beb hchghe mgi klth~hcdh% -6


35/94

Bpgl~h db~nldle poe~b T~ghxl 20 Pgxelthi ncklphel bx~cb~bg#nbcb~eb btbebe Pgxelthi Goi|tbecb~ Klelcg|~ibx Nbgbeceb nbcbed%

Bpgl~h db~nlehe chdl~cl~hel k~l# nbpe tlg plp tlg x~lg ocibc% 2> Lxcc+clhckhch mbnl~cl~h ql~ilchxdh% Xelthihe hptlildhh m|p|pcb~ mbnl~ xbvcdedb

kbzltlcl~ gbvbtcxo~d|% Goi|tbecb~ nbpe g|~|c|cb~e zhxb~lt ldhxo~cb~# 2>Lxcc+e kl~lgchchheh becbtxo~cb~d% Be`bg n| tb~tib lgchedl dlhc# tlnchkbtibebpedbxd% Oecb~e goe|ibp p~bpedb nbgbpee pz mbgg xogt|% -4# p%21>)210(

O delihe kbzltl`hcl~hedle Ebdh~ Ebdh kbzltlcl~ zl~hedlgh nbpgcb~cb hckhchvmlch Glebe Lq~le+cl k~ilphxcl hckhch |ecb~ becbtxo~d|: .Nb~h ml~ kbzltlxlnh~ bcnbx btbxe% O el xbvb`biz pxclphe. dhxl phtli ltthhedl O~klel~bcMbxdb~ Pbctg# .Kl~lgh~pl n|e| db xbvb~z# `lpb~lthehzh a~leclilg hhe. `lqbneql~hxo~d|% -4# p%210(

2> Lxcc delihedl pgxelthi xbpbgcb~edbe n|ebcbe kbzltlcl~# ziibkbzhe mbnl~cl~heh xl~ ql~ilgtl n|cd|% Phxbph# lgoeoihg# popxbc klchilcl~mbggedb xbzibg mlile mlile hmthibc d hdh% N| p~ltl bpvb~bkbp ql l~othgb~cgc xleh kbzltlcl~ t~ldh% N| kbzltlcl~he t~bjcb~ ihcxoecb~b |cbxo~d|% -4#p%214(

24 Lxcc 28=6 ke T^T+xl kedl~hcle xbvcb`bg xbxecb~cb hckhch lih~cl~dlenbzcb~ |ecb~d -4# p%21 Lxcc idbmbclphxcl hckhch mbcgcb ~vo~tbjcb~ xbvcb`bg# dbmb zhxbdl o~tbxbccb~cb goe||cb`bgt~% ^vo~tbj xbxeb kh~ildle e`l dl tbpqhv bceb`bgt~%.

N| lghcdl tovc|i zl~hedl g|~|cbe nbpg ql bclxml xbxe xbpbgcb~xcbde`l m~~hxlth tbibile o~tbdbe gbcd~cxo~# kbzltlcl~he ql tlclqhzxoe|embekh mbnl~cl~h xbzv mbekhpheh xbzbibxb`bgcb~eb IKG gb~b~ ql~hxo~d|%

N| delidl 246> pbxc pgxelthi gbe|eb dbxbecb~bg mhnh~ xb~k gb~b~

ocibdbe 06%666 ili|~|e k~lqhel poe ql~hcdh% ;>00 ili|~ ncklcl~hehe debkedl~hcdh% 066%666 ghhxl pbge`bc ocd|gcb~ kl~lglphxcl vbpbvo~t ql~hcildh%Vbpbvo~t ql~hcilxlecl~ hl~hphedl T~g Mbcg Izhh pbebtp ^|mh P| db qb~d%Gbepl~ mbptbceb xbgbcbebe ^|mh P| vbpbvo~t ql~hcildhh hhe tldbqh ocbibd qlxbbie xhth~dh% 2> Lxcc xelthih tb~baedbe x|~tdeb gbbe 24%666 ghh qbtbembheh ocd|gcb~ kl~lglphxcl qbtbedbcgtbe gb~cd% -4# p%2;2# 2;0(

QH%NCI


36/94

2%Bpgl~h Db~nl Xelthihe`l Kzbctedb ql @lzblqcl~hedl gle`lcl~l Dbh~ gle`lIbd|~cb~ee Nlxbecb~

N| ncidl db~nlxcl nh~chgtl kzbcteb bcebecb~e kzbctedb ql `lzblqcl~hedlib~|z gbcdgcb~ hgle`l hddhbcb~eb xl~ ql~hcl`lgth~:-0# p%212


37/94

.Nhzhi bdiz db +Cbe+% Nh~ b~b oi|z|ib nh~ ot xbptg goed|%%% Becbdi ghxbptg db hgle`lehe nh~ vb~bp% Xlilg xog# p| hilg xbpbg%%% Nh~ dl `l~lxbebql~hcdhhihz hhe q`|t p|p|z gbcxo~# beh nh~ p| hil mbchedl h gbebibdbecicl~ ilxdbeb klchxo~i|% Nbz b~gbdbcb~ize t|qbclt hmthxb` hhekhtthhidl# o~bxb n|~bxb dgci p|cb~dbe lchxcl bcv xbcbdgcb~e nhchxo~|z% Nhzh

pox|ed|~d|gcb~ zbibe# zl~hihzdle nh~ goqb p| dgcxo~% Q`|d|i|zdblclgt~hg bgi klzdh~hcdhhedl o p| ml~ tb~baiz nh~dle ltghchxo~% Bxbgcb~izebcteb abcbgb q|~|cd|% Nh~ b~gbdbiz# b~bnb cbpthhehe hhedl pgt~cb~bgded~cd% Xzcl~`l b~gbdbi hgle`lxh nledle og dbmb b~ xbbd%.

.-M`~ldl( Mlv pbedbcxlxl nbc ot|~|c|xo~|z% Mh xbtibdg >6 ke%Poe~b# Mbc|g GH^@H hcl Pbqèe eedl gb~ gb~xb klcdhg# kzcl~hihz bg% Nlehk~~ k~ilz# +Bnh z~ dhchxo~|i% Nbeb p~b~cb habdledl I|mphe XBZH@HOC\+ebxl~ ql~l`lgphe dldhcl~% Ebpc ocpb xbgbcbeibit~# p~a o~bdbe nh~ be lqqlcgbxi dhxl n|ecb~ pxcldhi%+ dldh% -Mbc|g GH^@H+ee hgle`lxcl Nbmlchlqcl~

`hebxlthel I|mphe XBZH@HOC\+e|e bdee gb~t~cibp xeedl habdlphehebceibpedbe nbmpldhxo~%(.

.Ibibg `lzblqhedl gbalp dhxl nh~ xl~ qb~% tb~ba dlih~ vb~ibgcgcb~cblq~hch% Nhz dl kh~dhg o gbalpl% Ml~ mb~lglt hhe hzhe bcibg zo~|edbpez% zhephzot|~d||e|z hhe òvcbexo~p|e|z% ptl~ nh~ ghh oc# hptl~ xh~ih ghh nlcch pbbtcl~dlgbcg# ~bmbt# mbz~ oc# xl~hedl pbx# |xk|e bdi ib~% Gbalphe hhedl d~tdexo~p|e|z% Bxbe b~tte# +Klcc nbgbxi+ dbxbg% +Ehxl kzil nbgte?

Tbqbeb nbgb`bgpe?+ dbxbg% Poc`|cb~ db cg`cl~ dl bxe gbalptl% Goe|ibgxbpbg% Glphechgcl pbeb poc|eb nbgbixo~p|e% Pbdl`l eel nbgb`bgpe%b~cde zbibe tbqbeb nbgb~bg khdl`lgphe%.

.%%% -Gbalptl( zih~ Ib~# Lpghlmh~ Ib~# pbbt 21:66+db pthgcbc Ib~pxcltth~hchxo~% T|qbclt hmthxbèz ocd|# |xk|e bdi ib~cb khdhxo~p|e|z% Nle n|e|xbbibibg hhe mh t|qbcltl khtilg hptlildhi% Poe~b go|b kedl~hcdhi%%%Enltcll gb~bqbeb bcibxb khdhchxo~% O~bdb po~|cb~ po~|c|xo~% @lqbvql~lilxlecl~ ql nb~b~bg pxclilxlecl~ dbxbg xhxo~% Zlihe nh~ hgh dhxl nh~go| qb~ Ibibg+tb% O~bdb gbcbecb~dbe nh~hedl tltbeoz gt% Nh~hel ql~li tlmhphgoed|% Dhclglcl~h xbzd~xo~cb~% Dhxo~cb~ gh: +N| go| pbcgpzd~# gbvbtcpe%+ mh`lqbv ql~hcihxo~%%% @lzblqh hhedl Bq~|vb+dbe klcle epbe Mbgcb~ Goihtlphdocbxo~% cg`cl~ +Gledh dlqclthihzh xbnbe` nh~hphel hgbxlt ltilxhz+ dhxo~cb~%

+gle`l ocd| i|?+ dlxhe`l# +T~g Dlqclth hgle`l xbvibz% N| nhzhi hpo~|e|i|zd|~%+ dhxl ihcch nh~ d|xb~ccgcb goe||xo~cb~%.

.Xbnbe`cb~b hgbxlth oe|~|i|zb xldh~lihxo~|z% N| ihcch k|~|~|i|z|he`hthxo~% \z|e p~l hgbxlt ltililgtl dh~ledhg% Bib nh~ ke epbe Mbgcb~Goihtlph go~hdo~dbe kll~gle nhzhi o`|gcb~dbe nh~h Bcibe`b ocb~bg +Zlihe nh~hgh goet~oc ldhe%+ dhxl nb~d% Mlxlt d|~|xo~# gbvx bt~xo~% O go|bkh~hxo~cb~# pbdl`l nh~ gogc|xo~cb~ ql dhxo~cb~ gh: +N| go|tb hepbe xbbxbibz#gbvbtcpe%+ 4< dbghgbdb go| gbvbtcd% Oedbe poe~b nbgb nh~ vphgocojhxlgbvcdg% Xbeh gledh dlqclthihzl# m|g|g| go~|ibp hhe xbvtiz i~b`bbtcb~b`lqbv ql~hcihxo~# bib db~dbe nh~h klchxo~ ql n|e| gbvbtt~xo~%%% Nhz xhel dlbhclcl~hihzl hgle`l k~diz pxclildhg%.


38/94

.Bhclcl~hxcl lccl~heh b~gbdb t|tb~bg k~xo~d| b~gbdbcb~iz# hchgcl~hk~ilphecl~ dhxl% Nle mh bhclih zhxb~ltl hptlildhi%Pbdl`l bg k~tl#nbx~bicb~db nlehi bhcli klcdh%.

.Mbx~# xldh n||g plel gbcdi hl~dl% Zlgh GBIBE# nleh hcg xbgbcbxbe

goihpl~ mbnl~ kedl~dh# +Glphechgcl nle hgle`l xbvibdi% D~pt OGTBX xbvt%+dhxl% D~pt OGTBX mbnl~ kedl~dh nbz ghhcl~cl# +Nle xbvibdi Zlgh GBIBE+cb~xbvt%+ dhxl hghph dl nh~nh~heh p|cbdcb~% Poe~b Zlgh GBIBE kl`l ~xbpeb kh~dhhih#o`|gcb~e og|cb kedl~lildhheh# go~gt||e|# glphechgcl hckhphehe ocibdepxcldh% Nle dl +Nhz m|g|g dedb bpcb nh~ lx deilxhz% o`|gcb~eb xelchgle gg nh~ gbxk hl~hphedl n|c|eibibcd~% o`|gcb~ og|ccb~eb khtphe%+ dhxlmbnl~ kedl~dhi% Bib ml~mbcdl qh`dbe og ~bmbt ltildh# nh~ t~bahg gbzbpedbog `hddh lghcdl b~ xb~bcbed% B~gbpedbe db qlabt ltthheh d|xd|i%. -gle`lxbvbecb~cb mlpbvcbtez i po~|p| zl~hel(

.Nle Pbq`cb nbq|~d|i% Ibmglilxl klcle dogto~ ~bvo~cb~edb gbabidbnh~ xb~g# vb~ibidb xbeg hzh# bxbg t~ebie dlao~il ocd||# goccb~iebctedb oiz|idb ~ilcl~he ocd|| xbzci% Bib ibmglil n|ecb~ehgle`ldle docbx nh~ hz ocd|gcb~eb dbh~ dlchcl ~bptcbeibit~ dhxo~% O zbibeghPbq` E|~ltthe POXL^+he# hgle`l p~bpedb xze k~di# kzcl~hi nbchgle bxbggbnbp ql vbetbcoe|e| k~di habdl ltthi% +Vlgh n|e|dlchccledh~lnhch~ ihphe+ dhxo~cb~% Nle ghihecl dlchccledh~lxhi%.

.%%% ;8+db Begb~b Liehxlthel kt~c~gle gbvee eedl nlehi goc|idbet|tt| nh~ vochp# dldhi gh# +Nlehi goc|idbe t|tib% Nle T~g klechheh tliphcldhxo~|i% M~pz dlhchi# tl~~hpt dlhchi# qbtbe mbheh dlhchi%+ o zbibe nh~

goihpl~ dldh gh: +N~bg gb~dlhi dog|eib# zbtle n~bgpbe db gbibz%+ bpbep~lnhedhi bxe vochpcl# x|gb~ gxo~|z% +Ple goc|edbe t|t|cbibz bdbi ipe?+ dldh%Mh plpcleildhi# kzel nbgti pbdl`l# +Nbgib kzil+ dldh% Poe~b db klcdhnh~ nbgb k~lqch# +Dog|eib gb~dlhi# ple n|~bxb gbdb~ klth~h~phe# n|~bxb tlpchiltthhel k~l pleh hckhcledh~ilz%+ dldh% 2> Lxcc+dle poe~b @)


39/94

gbgibxb nbcbdcb~%%% Poe~b nbgb nh~ xl~l kt~v kzcl~hih nbcbdcb~%Kzcl~hih nbcbibdbe e`l o~bdbgh gbcbpcb~# hvcl~h# ibexltox| k~di% Nlehbpgxb nbcbxv# x|gb~xb do~| lgthcl~% N| Ahchpthe Bpgpxi% mh hckhiheocibd lxcl~h po~|xo~cb~d% Bpgdbxgle lclgt~hg ql~dhcl~%.

.Nldlehil dog|eibcb~ nbeb og go~g|e klcdh% pti gb~ibxbbctcb~% Lvlx nh~ hth gbg ocd|% gle`l p~bpedb nledle nlgcldhgcl~h tbq~k~lihxo~cb~d% +Thxbt~o`| gb~+ dhxl nb~xo~cb~d% Goe|i|xo~|i xb# ~ocxbvxo~|i pbedcb~% gle`lehe el ocd||e| xbbxe`b dbmb hxh becxo~p|e% Poe~bnleh gb~becg nh~ odbxb goxd|cb~# o~bdb nlehi khnh po~k|dbe klih# hgle`ldlegbabp kz xb~ci# bxbgcb~ h hepbecb~ qb~d% Gbabi gbcd~didb goc|glclvlxcl gbco~hal~he dlih~hel nbc# nh~ nbttbehxlehe zl~hedl ot|~be kle nh~bdbi k~di% N| kle bdbi xbgbcbe~gle g|~|e xb~bp bci% Nb~pbgcb~ nh~volthe hhedl d|~|xo~d|% Mbptbeldl ocibp kl~lgle n| ghh o~bdb#hgle`lmbeldlxdh ql o o~bdb p~lgch hgle`l cgcb~ dhechxo~d|% O~bdb hhehzh

hptl~ hptlilz nh~ go~g| gbvcxo~% +Ghipl go~gibdi+ dlilphe% tl nxcl klleg~g nl ke%%%.

.Pbbtcl~`l ilxdbe dbxbedbe klthg% Nl pbbt p~lgch dbxbg xldhhihmbt~cxo~|i# b~tg nbxke xbtxo~p|e|z%%% Po~k| plbepcb~ dedb db ml~ klletlgil btv# p~gcxo~% Bzb bceibxb`bg ga~cl~ ldhxo~cb~d% ciel tbegocd||i hepbecb~ ocd| o~bdb% E|~ltthe XLDKC n|ecb~dbe nh~h% Poe~bdbe~ledhhil k~l `lpldheh xog ltihcl~% N|ke bd +gbxvcb~ chptlph+edl% Po~k|dbgbabpeb hqh bgcb~bg cd~cd% Ilm|~ +nbin|c| odb+ dldhhihz nh~ odb qb~d%O~bdb nh~h ~cvcbg qbzhxlttl ot|~|xo~d|% Gledhedl dlhcdh%%% Oe|e k~etpmbcb nlcclhidl `bv`bec d|~|~% Poe~b Ilt~hp @lzblqhel kt~cdi%.

.-Ilt~hp+tl( Gbcdiz xl~dl phxbph dbqbdbe t|t|gcbei og pbxdb gbdeqb~d% Ml~glp b~ hgle`lcl~dle klihth% Ilt~hp+tl nbz tb~tbgcbibcb~ dedbahzhgh hddlth og xbbibdg% Bib# goi|tbecb~e ql kb~dhxbecb~e mhtbvcb~#dbq~becb~ gtxd% Pbcgpz go|ccb~db gbcxo~d|g% @lzblqhel khtthhidl `hddhpbcg po~|ecb~ xbxo~d|i% Po~k|db leli gi# poc goc|idb gpih nh~ kgbxn qb~d% Pbie nxg nh~ gpie gbxnltihthi% Dbmb poe~b pbcb~ie nh~gpi xl~cl~hel klcildh% leli ql goc|i hhe dogto~ tbclnhedl n|c|ed||idbnleh Bpgl~h Mbptbelxl kt~dcl~% O~bdb pbdl`l nh~ b~ glph`h ql~dhcl~% gle`lgbxtcb~b klilphe dhxl dogto~ ~bvo~| ql~ildhcl~%.

.2> Lxcc delihedl dogto~cb~e hgle`lcl~l nhzzbt gbtcd# hgle`libd|~cb~eb ~bvo~ ql~ildhh zl~hedl mh d|~|cibd% Kzbcteb bcedidbqbdbe nl xc xb~kcbedi# poe|tb nl~bbt ltthi% Lql klche`l gledhih ogxbcez mhppltthi% +Kl~hdl n~bgti hepbecb~ mbcb hgle`l k~xo~cb~ ql nhz mhnh~lx xbvbixo~|z+ d|xk|p|e| og b~ xbbdi%.

.Begb~b Ibibg Bpgl~h @lzblqhedl @)< bd ql~hcle nh~ nb~bgb cg`cl~ hhezlc po~k|cbib xl~h ocb~bg g|ccbecxo~d|% Pgxelthi Pbq`p E|~ltthe POXL^# Voc)dl~+ch vochpcl~dle oc|t|~d||# b~bcb~edb Zlgh GBIBE ql D~pt OGTBX khnhhgle`l`hcl~he n|c|ed|| nh~ lghvcl# @)< hphich n| nb~bgbdb IMV ql cg`

G|~|c|cb~ Dbqbp pbegcb~eb bgcb mbxbcl klcilxl`lg hgle`lcl~h# gledhph dl


40/94

nhzzbt xbvxo~d|% Pbegcb~ ptci lchg docbvcb~db Ahchpthe bpgpeb bpcxo~#~cvcbg pox|c|v# lclgt~hg ql~hchxo~# ml~ lht hgle`l q`|tcb~edb dlelehxo~d|%.

.N| hgle`lcl~he nbzcb~ pbegcb~e bebcb~# nbnbcb~# lcl~h# gz gb~dlcl~h#bbnlxcl~h# o`|gcb~ee eedl xbvcb~bg tlmdhttl n|c|e|c|xo~d|% Ihcchxlth

Mb~lglt Vb~thph bq|gbtcb~ee dogto~ ~bvo~cb~xcb nlcklcltthgcl~h hgle`l ~bvo~cb~#zbntcb~b klilphel ~bile# ibmglil tb~baedbe dhggbtl bceixo~d|% O~mbeBGH^OC\# Xcib D\^BG# I|ptbab DG@# Bxde LP# E|~h DLI^X^LG ql @lcbcBDBE khnh vlg og ibd|~ gledhcl~hel xbvcbe hgle`lcl~h ~bvo~cb tlxhtltth~ihcl~dh%.

.Begb~b+db Nlgh~ NB# Ibcbtxb+db Bxde DLI^GOC ql Ilmilt GBZKBE#t|t|gc| n|c|ed|gcb~ p~bdb b~ hgle`lcl~l dbxbebibxb~bg mbxbtcb~egbxnltihcl~dh% Xbgbcbebe ml~ cg`# Ibibg Kb~ehzoe|e| hhedl n|c|ebe ql @)

12 eylül 1980 darbesi hakkındaki iddianame

Documents