12-4: More Technological AdvancesSeptember 20, 2010

I. Telegraph Speeds Communication

Samuel F.B. Morse Telegraph

A device that could send information over wires across great distances

I. Telegraph Speeds Communication

How it works: It sent pulses of electric

current through a wire. The telegrapher tapped

a bar called the telegraph key, which controlled the length of each pulse.

At the other end, these pulses would change into clicking sounds.

Morse Code A system of different combinations of dots and

dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet.

… - - - …: SOS

Skilled telegraph operators could send and receive many words per minute.

I. Telegraphy Speeds Communication

Many people in our country disputed this machine.

They thought these message were made-up by Morse himself.

Morse’s Big Break Democratic National Convention-1844

I. Telegraph Speeds Communication

Telegraphs were soon sending and receiving information for: Businesses The government Newspapers Private Citizens

As railroads continue spread, telegraph joined along side to speed up communication.

I. Telegraph Speeds Coummunication

By the time of Morse’s death, telegraph lines: Had spread across the United States. During the Civil War, President Lincoln would

use the telegraph to command the Union Troops as well as get supplies to where they need to be. This would eventually win the Civil War.

I. Telegraph Speeds Communication

At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, factories were placed near water sources, because they were powered by water turbines.

Steam-powered factories replaced this type, because they were more reliable and could also be built anywhere.

II. Steam Power and New Factories

Some companies decided to build their factories near cities, because they:

Provided easier access to workers. Allowed businesses to lower wages. Reduced Shipping Costs Allowed immigrants and former farmers with

income.

II. Steam Power and New Factories

Factory workers were able to improve the designs of many kinds of machines.

Mechanics invented tools to cut and shape metal, stone, and wood with great precision.

With the help of Eli Whitney, interchangeable parts were produced by these machines.

II. Steam Power and New Factories

John Deere He observed Illinois farmers that were having

difficulty plowing soil with an iron plow.

He designed the steel plow to make farming easier for farmers.

III. Improved Farm Equipment

Cyrus McCormick Mechanical Reaper This harvesting invention quickened the

harvesting of wheat at cut it efficiently.

He used advertisements, gave demonstrations, and provided a repair and spare parts department to increase the sales of his reaper.

III. Improved Farm Equipment

III. Improved Farm Equipment

Steel Plow Mechanical Reaper

The combination of Deere’s plow and McCormick’s reaper allowed Midwestern farmers to plant and harvest huge crop fields.

By the time of the Civil War, U.S. farmers were producing more wheat and corn than they had in the entire century before hand.

III. Improved Farm Equipment

IV. Changing Life at Home

Isaac Singer Improved the design

of Elias Howe’s sewing machine.

The Singer sewing machine company became the world’s largest producer of sewing machines.

IV. Changing Life at Home

Icebox Cooled by large blocks

of ice. Stored fresh food

safely for longer periods of time.

Iron Cookstoves Replaced cooking fires

and stone hearths.

IV. Changing Life at Home

Matches Safety Pins

IV. Changing Life at Home

Mass Production allowed familiar items such as clocks to be bought at reasonable prices.

1800-$50 1850-$1.50

Inventions Today

If you look close enough, you can see that many of the inventions created during the Industrial Revolution are still in use today.