Essential Question:

Where is the Earth’s water

located?Standard:S6E3a. Explain that a large portion of the Earth’s surface is water, consisting of oceans, rivers, lakes, underground water, and ice.

Please READ each slide (some slides

are just facts others have the ANSWER) use these slides for information to fill in

your organizer!

"Water, Water, Everywhere...."You've heard the phrase, and

for water, it really is true.

Earth's water is (almost) everywhere: above the Earth in the air and clouds, on the Earth as rivers, oceans, ice, inside the Earth in the top few miles of the ground. Water is even in living

things.

Use the Organizer to record your findings!

Types of Water on Earth:

Saltwater

Types of Water on Earth: FRESHWaterGlaciers & Ice Caps

Types of Water on Earth:

FreshwaterRiver Lake

Stream

Types of Water on Earth:

Freshwater=Groundwater

Groundwater occurs as a liquid resource that is dispersed through numerous holes, pores, fractures and cavities in

bodies of rock or sediment

Start here for note taking:

Where is Earth's water located and in what forms does it exist? You can see how water is distributed by viewing these bar charts. The left-side bar shows where the water on Earth exists; about 97 percent of all water is in the oceans. The middle bar shows the distribution of that three percent of all Earth's water that is freshwater. The majority, about 69 percent, is locked up in glaciers and icecaps, mainly in Greenland and Antarctica. You might be surprised that of the remaining freshwater, almost all of it is below your feet, as ground water. No matter where on Earth you are standing, chances are that, at some depth, the ground below you is saturated with water. Of all the freshwater on Earth, only about 0.3 percent is contained in rivers and lakes—yet rivers and lakes are not only the water we are most familiar with, it is also where most of the water we use in our everyday lives exists.

The top pie chart shows that over 99 percent of all water (oceans, seas, ice, most saline water, and atmosphereic water) is not available for our uses. And even of the remaining fraction of one percent (the small brown slice in the top pie chart), much of that is out of reach. Considering that most of the water we use in everyday life comes from rivers (the small dark blue slice in the bottom pie chart), you'll see we generally only make use of a tiny portion of the available water supplies. The bottom pie shows that the vast majority of the fresh water available for our uses is stored in the ground (the large grey slice in the second pie chart).

First, what do we mean by "saline water?" Water that is saline contains significant amounts (referred to as "concentrations") of dissolved salts, the most common being the salt we all know so well—sodium chloride (NaCl). In this case, the concentration is the amount (by weight) of salt in water, as expressed in "parts per million" (ppm). If water has a concentration of 10,000 ppm of dissolved salts, then one percent (10,000 divided by 1,000,000) of the weight of the water comes from dissolved salts.Here are our parameters for saline water:Fresh water - Less than 1,000 ppmSlightly saline water - From 1,000 ppm to 3,000 ppmModerately saline water - From 3,000 ppm to 10,000 ppmHighly saline water - From 10,000 ppm to 35,000 ppmBy the way, ocean water contains about 35,000 ppm of salt

What is saline?

The blue spheres represent the

relative amounts of Earth's water in

comparison to the size of the Earth.

Are you surprised that these water spheres look so

small? They are only small in relation to

the size of the Earth.

Overall, it shows that in comparison to the volume of the globe the amount of water on the planet is very

small.

The largest sphere represents all of Earth's water.

The sphere includes all the

water in the oceans, ice caps, lakes, and rivers,

as well as groundwater, atmospheric

water, and even the water in you,

your dog, and your tomato plant.

How much of the total water is fresh

water, which people and many other life forms

need to survive?

The blue sphere over Kentucky represents the

world's liquid fresh water

(groundwater, lakes, swamp

water, and rivers).

Do you see the "tiny" bubble over Atlanta, Georgia?

That one represents fresh water in all the

lakes and rivers on the planet.

Most of the water people and life on earth need every day comes from

these surface-water sources.

Water on the EarthAbout 71% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

Of the total volume of water on Earth:97% is saltwater

In general, most of the earth’s water is located in the oceans as saltwater . So where does it come from?

Review

By some estimates, if the salt in the ocean

could be removed and spread evenly over the Earth's land surface it

would form a layer more than 500 feet (166

meters) thick, about the height of a 40-story

office building (NOAA).

But, where did all this salt come from?

From precipitation to the land to the rivers to the sea…

The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air. This causes the

rainwater to be slightly acidic.

The rain physically breaks down the rock and the acids chemically break down the rocks. Rain then carries the

dissolved salts and minerals along as it flows. The salts in the runoff are carried to the streams and rivers and then to

the ocean. http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1303/es1303page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Many of the dissolved salts are used by organisms in the ocean and are removed from the water. Others are not used

up and are left for long periods of time where their concentrations increase over time.

Salt from below…Hydrothermal vents are recently-

discovered features on the ocean seafloor that contribute dissolved minerals to the

oceans.

These vents are the “exit points” on the ocean floor from which sea water that has seeped into the rocks of the oceanic crust has become hotter, has dissolved some of

the minerals from the crust, and then flows back into the ocean.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D69hGvCsWgA&list=PL88CB33C02CCF3D39&index=1

Eruption of Volcanoes Underwater…

Similar to the previous process, during an underwater volcano eruption,

seawater reacts with hot rock and some minerals are dissolved into the

sea water. http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=U51cY6iod3U&index=5&list=PL88CB33C02CCF3D39

Chemical Composition of Ocean WaterREAD ONLY

Water on the Earth 2% is freshwater frozen in ice caps and glaciers

1% is fresh water in lakes and streams, groundwater, and water vapor in the atmosphere

In general, most of the earth’s water is located in the oceans as saltwater . Most of the freshwater on Earth is located in glaciers and ice caps. Lesser amounts are found in atmospheric moisture, rivers, lakes, streams, and groundwater.

Most of the freshwater on Earth is located in glaciers and ice caps.

Water on the Earth Water is not evenly distributed, and most of

it is unsuitable for drinking. We use less than 1% of the water on

Earth for drinking and personal hygiene. We also use this fresh water for agriculture, fisheries, transportation, heating and cooling, manufacturing, and many other purposes.

Unless we use our freshwater supply wisely, rivers, lakes and groundwater can be depleted or polluted, becoming unusable or unsuitable for life.

Read ONLY

Read ONLY

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Question #8

#9 Help

Writing Prompt Question:

 

  

R Restate the Question

Did you restate the question in your own words?

 

A Answer the Question

Does your answer to the question express a main idea (a point you are going to prove)?

C Cite Evidence

Did you transition from your “A” (main idea sentence)?

Do you have indirect information to prove your main idea?

Do you have a direct quote to prove your main idea?

Do all the details address the question?

 

E Explain the Answer

Does it begin with something like: This …shows that...

Does it answer “Why?” and/or “How?”

Does it use some key words from the citation?

Does it explain fully, using because... ?

Does it reuse the (A) main idea with some new wording?

Did you make sure all parts connect?

 

Problem on Back: The Estuary—where fresh and saltwater mix.

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or MAcKinVIA=VIDEO

Video review

Crash Course Kids 14.1: The Basics of Fresh Water

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NetTrekker

Water Basics use the links to explore & answer the questions