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115 Geometric Series 1 April 28, 2009 Apr 214:15 PM 11‑5 Geometric Series Objective: Write and evaluate geometric series.

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Page 1: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

1

April 28, 2009

Apr 21­4:15 PM

11‑5 Geometric Series

Objective:  Write and evaluate geometric series.

Page 2: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­5:25 PM

Check Skills You'll Need

Find each sum or difference.

1.  100 + 50 + 25 + 25/2 + 25/4 2.  3 + 9 + 27 + 81

3.  ­2 + 4 ­ 8 + 16 ­ 32 4.  ­5 ­ 10 ­ 20 ­ 40

Simplify each fraction.

5. 6. 7.1 ­ 1/51/3

11 ­ 1/4

1/2 ­ 1/31/4

Page 3: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

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A Geometric Series is the expression for the sum of the terms of a geometric sequence.

There are two types of geometric series:

Finite (it stops) Infinite (has no end)

2 + 4 + 8 + 16 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 ...

Page 4: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

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As with arithmetic series, you can use a formula to evaluate a finite geometric series.

Page 5: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

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Example #1:  Using the Geometric Series Formula

Use the formula to evaluate the series 3 + 6 + 12 + 24 + 48 + 96.

What is the first term (a1)?

How many terms are there (n)?

What is the common ratio (r)?

Plug the numbers into the formula:  Sn = a1(1 ­ rn) 1 ­ r 

Page 6: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­5:43 PM

Evaluate each series.

a.  ­45 + 135 ­ 405 + 1215 ­ 3645

b.  1/3 + 1/9 + 1/27 + 1/81

Sn = a1(1 ­ rn) 1 ­ r 

Page 7: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­5:50 PM

In some cases, you can evaluate an infinite geometric series. 

When |r| < 1, the series converges, or gets closer and closer to the sum, S.

When |r| ≥ 1, the series diverges, or approaches no limit.

Page 8: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­5:55 PM

Example #2  Determining Divergence and Convergence

Decide whether each infinite geometric series diverges or converges.  State whether the series has a sum.

a.  1 ­ 1/3 + 1/9 ­... b. 

  

5(2)n­1n = 1

Since |r| < 1, the seriesconverges, and the series has a sum. 

Since |r| ≥ 1, the seriesdiverges, and the series does not have a sum. 

Page 9: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­6:02 PM

As with a finite geometric series, you can use a formula to evaluate an infinite geometric series if |r| < 1.

Page 10: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

Apr 26­6:05 PM

Example #3 Using the Infinite Geometric Series Formula

Evaluate the infinite geometric series 1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8...

What is the first term (a1)?

What is the common ratio (r)?

Plug the numbers into the formula: 

  

S =  a1 1 ­ r 

Page 11: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

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Recap:

What is the formula for the sum of a FINITE geometric series?

What is the formula for the sum of an INFINITE geometric series that converges?

Why is there no formula for an INFINITE geometric series that diverges?

Sn = a1(1 ­ rn) 1 ­ r 

S =  a1 1 ­ r 

Page 12: 11-5 Geometric Series - Poudre School Districtstaffweb.psdschools.org/kemotich/Mrs_Motichka/Algebra 2/Chapter 11...Write and evaluate geometric series. 115 Geometric Series 2 April

11­5 Geometric Series

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April 28, 2009

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Homework

p. 628 #2­28 even, 32­37