10 Years of BWRC

February 11, 2009

Celebration Event

Ultra-low Power Wireless

Cognitive Radio

Real-time Prototyping

Start-up companies, numerous best paper awards,

alumni’s as leaders in the wireless industry and academia

BWRC – Quo Vadis?

5 Billion people to be connected by 2015

(Source: NSN)

7 trillion wireless devices serving 7

billion people in 2017 (Source: WWRF)

1000 wireless devices per person?

[Courtesy: Niko Kiukkonen, Nokia]

EE Times,

January 07, 2008

Growth of Wireless to

Continue Unabatedly!

Infrastructural

core

Sensory

swarm

Mobile

access

The Emerging IT Platform

The Birth of Societal IT Systems*:

Looking Beyond the Devices

Complex collections of sensors,

controllers, compute and storage

nodes, and actuators that work

together to improve our daily lives

*Also known as SiS

Making Ubiquitous Wireless Come True

Ever Higher Data Rates

Ever Further Miniaturization

Reliable Universal Coverage

Making Ubiquitous Wireless Come True

Ever Higher Data Rates

Ever Further Miniaturization

Reliable Universal Coverage

Jan. 14 2008

CE’s wireless Babel: Connectivity strategies are all over the map Now that consumer electronics are delivering a full suite of product to the digital living room, they are working out how to connect them.

TOP STORY

Reliable

UNIVERSAL COVERAGE at All Times

7 trillion radios quickly run out of spectrum …

Wireless is notoriously unreliable

Heterogeneity causes incompatibilities

Most devices energy-constrained

Imagine a Different World

IEEE Proceedings, July 2008

How would you build your wireless network?

The “Aether-Plug” A World with Unlimited Wireless Bandwidth and Always-On Coverage?

The fundamental problem of wireless:

Forced interaction

Scarcity of spectrum and energy resources

Tech A

Tech B

Tech C

WL 1

WL 3

WL 2

Wireless Today!

Space

The “Aether-Plug” A World with Unlimited Wireless Bandwidth and Always-On Coverage?

Combat interference through better

utilization of resources Pro-active coexistence

Collaboration

A Transformative

Deployment Model :

Spectrum as a

Dynamically Tradable

Commodity

The Connectivity-Brokerage Model

Sense spectral environment over wide bandwidth

Reliably detect primary users and/or interferers

Rules of sharing available resources

Flexibility to adjust to changing circumstances Configura

ble

arr

ay

RF

RF

RF

Sensor(s)

Optimizer

Reconfigurable

Baseband

Cognitive terminal

First Experiment in

Cognitive:

TV Bands @ 700 MHz

(IEEE 802.22)

Pro-active Coexistence

to Enable Dynamic Spectrum Allocation

The Power of COLLABORATION Conventional mindset: Services compete!

Adding terminals degrades user capacity

Working together leads to better capacity, coverage, efficiency and/or reliability

Goal: Linear improvement in capacity with

the number of users (Gupta/Kumar, Leveque/Tse)

Multi-hop mesh

Collaborative

MIMO

Connective Brokerage: Making Coexistence and Collaboration Work Functional entity that enables collection of terminals to transparently

connect to backbone network or each other to perform set of services

A Technical as well as Economic Proposition

Tech C

Tech B

Tech A

Repository Broker WL 1,2,3

Policies, Models

Space

Multi-disciplinary project

Proposed as NSF Expedition In collaboration with business school,

providers and regulators

Making Ubiquitous Wireless Come True

Ever Higher Data Rates

Ever Further Miniaturization

Reliable Universal Coverage

Ever Higher-Data Rates 60 GHz Offers Plenty of Free Spectrum, but …

• Restricted to Room Size

• Takes Watts

Single-carrier LOS

Single-carrier

Beamforming

Relaying and

Distributed MIMO

Gigabits/sec for Mobiles?

Energy-Efficient 60 GHz Personal

Area Networking

Prototype 60 GHz LOS Transceiver

Simple modulation (2 PAM)

High bandwidth

Low complexity high-speed analog

Low speed digital control/calibration

Collaborative Wafer-Scale Radio 1000s of radios and antennas

on single or a stack of wafers

• Communication channels configurable in range and

capacity

• Unprecedented opportunities

in imaging

Challenges • On-chip antennas with high efficiency • High-speed back-bone communication link • Wide-area synchronization for collaborative communications

Making Ubiquitous Wireless Come True

Ever Higher Data Rates

Ever Further Miniaturization

Reliable Universal Coverage

The Sensory Swarm “Adding senses to the Internet”

“Disappearing electronics” Low-cost

Miniature size

Self-contained from energy

perspective

UCB PicoCube

UCB mm3 radio

Artificial Skin

“Microscopic” Health Monitoring

Interactive Surfaces

Smart Objects

True Immersion

Still out of reach

Example: Microscopic Wireless to Power Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI) The Age of Neuroscience BMI – The Instrumentation of Neuroscience

• Learning about operation of the brain

• Enabling advanced prosthetics

• Enabling innovative human-machine

interfaces

mm3 nodes

remotely powered uWs to 1 mW

power budget

Rethinking the Meaning of Scaling Traditional scaling rules have minor impact in “Mobile

and Sensory Swarm”…

Exponentially increasing number of (ultra-)small components

Driven by

heterogeneous

integration of

innovative technologies

Passive MEMS Components Provide Selectivity

at ULP [Courtesy: N. Pletcher, UCB]

Mechanical Computing [Courtesy: C. Nguyen, UCB]

Relay-Based Logic

Courtesy: E. Alon, UCB]

In Summary …