10 th class notes

Scholars Academy, Qaswa HomesNotes – 10th Class

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Questions With Answers1. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) as an Educationist

i. What was the first revelation received in the cave of Hira by the Holy Prophet (SAW)? Ans: The first revelation received in the cave of Hira by the Holy Prophet (SAW) was “Read in the name of thy

Lord, Who created man from a clot of blood. Read! Thy Lord is most bounteous Who taught by the pen.

ii. What steps were taught for “education” to the Holy Prophet (SAW)? Ans: The first step was reading and the second was writing.

iii. Which is the best book to read and write? Ans: The Holy Quran is the best book to read and write.

iv. What kind of condition was imposed on the prisoners of the battle of Badr? Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) imposed a condition on the prisoners of the battle of Badr

to teach the Muslims.

v. Who is custodian of truth mentioned in the lesson? Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) is mentioned the custodian of truth.

vi. What question did the Holy Prophet (SAW) ask before concluding the address to the Ansar?Ans: The question was “O Ansar, didn’t I find you away from the right path and then Allah blessed you through

me?”

vii. What kind of gestures made his speech effective in his address of Hajjat-ul-Wida?Ans: He closed his fist and then opened it to show how Allah held heaven and earth in His grip. He explained the

concept of closeness by lifting his middle finger and showed its closeness to the index finger.

2. Festivals of Pakistan

i. How would you describe the word “festival”?Ans: Festival is a day of religious and public celebration.

ii. What is the purpose of celebrating a festival?Ans: The purpose of celebrating a festival is to create a sense of brotherhood, selflessness, peace and sacrifice

among the people.

iii. When does Shab-e-barat take place? What is the importance of this blessed night to the Muslims?Ans: Shab-e-barat takes place on 14th Shabaan. It is the night of blessings. Devotional prayers are performed

throughout the night to seek the blessings of Allah.

iv. Name the religious festivals of the Muslims?Ans: Shab-e-barat, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Azha, Hajj, Eid Milad-un-Nabi are the religious festivals of the Muslims.

v. When and how are the national events celebrated in Pakistan?Ans: The Pakistan Resolution Day is celebrated on 23rd March and the Independence Day is celebrated on 14th

August every year. These days are celebrated with great zeal and zest.

vi. What is importance of a Lok Mela?Ans: Lok Melas develop a sense of brotherhood among the people.

vii. What important religious event takes place on the 12th Rabi-ul-awwal?Muhammad Yasin GiLL, M.A. English, B.Ed #(0322) (0313) 6278595, 03217805595, 03027001680


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Ans: The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) was born on the 12th Rabi-ul-awwal.

viii. What is the importance of the 14th August in the history Pakistan?Ans: Pakistan came into being on the 14th August, 1947.

ix. What kind of opportunities do these festivals provide to the artisans?Ans: These festivals provide opportunities to the artisans to display their handicrafts.

3. The Difference between a Brain and a Computer

i. In what single word can the difference between a brain and a computer be expressed?Ans: The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word, “Complexity”.

ii. How much does the human brain weigh?Ans: The human brain weighs only three pounds.

iii. How long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain?Ans: It will take fairly long to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain.

iv. Can computers think? Explain your answer.Ans: The computers cannot think. They can do only what they have been directed to do.

v. Do you think computers have the capacity to take over the world? Why or why not?Ans: In the remote future, the computers will have the capacity to take over the world when they replace human

brain or perhaps surpass it.

4. The Blessings of God

i. What are the objects of nature which remind us of the glory and greatness of God?Ans: The objects of nature which remind us of the glory and greatness of God are: beautiful flowers, singing birds,

mountains with red peaks, flowing rivers, the sunrise, the sunset, gardens full of ripe fruit and beautiful meadows.

5. Hazrat Aysha (R.A.)

ii. Who was Hazrat Aysha’s (R.A.) father?Ans: Hazrat Abubakar Siddique was Hazrat Aysha’s (R.A.) father.

iii. Where was she (R.A.) born?Ans: She was born in Makkah.

6. Transport

i. Why do the people move around in the country?Ans: The people move around in the country to visit their relatives, friends and place of work.

ii. What is the importance of transport in the country?Ans: Transport carries the people and freight from one place to another with ease and speed.

iii. What is auto-traffic?Ans: Cars, vans, rickshaws etc. are called auto-traffic.

7. Human Rights and the Madina Charter

i. How should enemies be treated according to the Holy Quran?Ans: According to the Holy Quran, enemies should be treated with kindness and equality.

Muhammad Yasin GiLL, M.A. English, B.Ed #(0322) (0313) 6278595, 03217805595, 03027001680


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ii. Mention any two clauses of the Treaty of Madina.Ans: The two clauses of the Treaty are:

i) The Muslims and the Jews will keep to their faiths.ii) The Muslims and the Jews shall form one community.

iii. What is meant by ‘mutual cooperation’?Ans: Mutual cooperation means to help others in the hour of need.

8. A Nation’s Strength

i. Give in your own words the main idea of the poem.Ans: The poet says that riches do not make a nation strong and great. It is the brave and hardworking men who win

glory and greatness for the nation.

9. A Father’s Advice

i. Give the qualities of Allah as stated by the writer of the letter.Ans: Allah is Kind, Merciful, Sustainer, Protector and Master of life and death.

ii. “Do unto others as you wish others to do unto you”. What should one do and what should one not do according to the advice given in the letter?

Ans: According to the advice in the letter, a person should like for other what he likes for himself. He should not develop such habits as he dislikes in others.

iii. What is required by a person who wishes to lead “a well balanced life”?Ans: In order to lead a well-balanced life a person should not be conceited. He should earn an honest living. He

should control his desires.

iv. What does a man lose when he tries to attain his heart’s desire?Ans: When a man tries to attain his heart’s desire, he loses self-respect.

v. What is the respectable way of earning a livelihood?Ans: The respectable way of earning a livelihood is to earn through honest and fair means.

vi. What kind of advice has been given by the father to the son?Ans: The father has given his son the advice to lead a well-balanced and contented life.

10. Hazrat Ali’s Humanity

i. Write a paragraph on Hazrat Ali (R.A.) with special reference to the great qualities he possessed.Ans: Hazrat Ali was noble, kind hearted and righteous. He was brave, humble and God-fearing. He treated even his

enemies with kindness.

ii. What kind of life did Hazrat Ali (R.A.) and Hazrat Bibi Fatima (R.A.) lead?Ans: They led a contented life.

iii. Write a few lines to describe Hazrat Ali’s (R.A.) early childhood? Who took care of him?Ans: In his childhood, he followed the noble actions of the Holy Prophet. He was brave, humble and God-fearing.

He treated even his enemies with kindness. The Holy Prophet took care of him in his childhood.

iv. How did Hazrat Ali (R.A.) behave with his enemies?Ans: Hazrat Ali behaved with his enemies with kindness. He treated them first as human beings and then as

enemies.



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11. The Handicrafts of Pakistan

i. What do crafts exhibit about their region?Ans: The crafts show the taste and colour of their regions.

ii. What does Faisalabad specialize?Ans: Faisalabad specializes in cotton and hand woven fabrics.

iii. Name a few of the crafts in various cities of the province of Punjab?Ans: Faisalabad is famous for cotton fabrics, Lahore for brass items, Gujranwala for pottery, Sialkot for cutlery and

sports, Gujarat for pottery and electrical goods.

iv. Which handicrafts are produced in Baluchistan?Ans: Carpets, jackets and garments with glass work are produced in Baluchistan.

v. What do the crafts of a country represent?Ans: The crafts of a country represent the culture and tradition of the people.

vi. Write an account of any of the Pakistani crafts that you might have seen in an industrial exhibition (not more than 50 words).

Ans:

12. The Menace of Drugs

i. Name three drugs or narcotics which are generally used.Ans: They are opium, heroin and hashish.

ii. Write a paragraph on the “effects of using drugs”.Ans: Drugs are very harmful for human brain and health. They make a man unable to think clearly. It is a great

danger to the whole society. A drug addict spoils all his abilities and energies.

iii. What advice does the writer give at the end of the lesson?Ans: At the end of the lesson, the writer advises us to stop the advertisements of cigarette on electronic media and in

the newspapers.

13. The Character of a Happy Life

i. What is the main idea of the poem?Ans: This poem is about features of life of a happy man.

14. Simplicity

i. How did the Khalifah teach the distinguished guests to live a life of simplicity?Ans: The Khalifa served his guests parched grams which they ate to their fill because they were very hungry. Thus

the Khalifah taught them how they could make their life simple by eating simple things.

ii. Write down the chief characteristics of the personality of Hazrat Umer bin Abdul Aziz (R.A.).Ans: Hazrat Umer bin Abdul Aziz (R.A.) was a pious ruler. He always worked for the prosperity and happiness of

the people.

15. Traffic Education

i. How was the taxi driver driving in Rawalpindi?Ans: The taxi driver was driving rashly.



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ii. After entering Islamabad, the driver became a changed person. How?Ans: After entering Islamabad, the driver became a changed person because of the observance of the traffic rules by

others and their enforcement by Motor Way police.

iii. How can the police give us traffic education?Ans: The police can give us traffic education by enforcing the traffic rules and punishing the offenders.

iv. What is a zebra crossing and what is it for?Ans: Zebra crossing is a place for the pedestrians to cross the road.

v. Mention any two traffic rules.1- If the red light is on, all traffic should stop.2- The pedestrians should use zebra crossing to cross the road.

17. A Fragment

i. What does the poet advise the late riser?Ans: The poet advises the late riser to get up at once.

ii. What is the benefit of early riser?Ans: An early riser is always fresh and active.

iii. What is meant by fallow land?Ans: A barren land left due to the negligence of the farmer.

iv. What is the theme of the poem?Ans: The poem deals with the disadvantages of late rising and benefits of early rising.

18. A Little Word

i. Find the rhyming words in the poem.Ans:

Spoken Broken Tear Sincere Earth BirthFlower Hour Thing Bring

ii. What effect does a kind word have upon others?Ans: A kind word wins love and sympathy of others.

iii. How can harsh words break a person’s heart?Ans: Harsh words spoil love. Such words turn the people against you.

19. Two Wedding Ceremonies

i. Where was Farah born and bred?Ans: Farah was born and bred abroad.

ii. Who took the responsibility of her religious education?Ans: His father took the responsibility of her religious education.

iii. Why was she surprised and displeased with the ceremony?Ans: She was surprised and displeased with the ceremony because it was a foul display of wealth and against the

teachings of Islam.



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iv. Compare and contrast the two wedding ceremonies described.Ans: The present marriage ceremony was a mere show of wealth. But the marriage of Hazrat Fatima with Hazrat

Ali was very simple and sacred.

20. My Mother

i. What are the poetess’ feelings about how her mother treated her when she was a small child?Ans: The poetess has great love for her mother. She says that she will look after her mother in her old age. She will

try to lessen her pains.

ii. What does she remember about her mother’s care when she fell?Ans: When the poetess fell, her mother ran to her and lifted her. She kissed her forehead and told her a nice story to

comfort her.

iii. How is the poetess planning to treat her mother in her old age?Ans: The poetess is planning to look after her mother when she will be weak and old.

iv. Express your feelings about your mother or father in a short essay of 200 words.Ans:

21. The Great LeaderQuaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah

i. What is the meaning of the Quaid’s motto?Ans: The Quaid’s motto “Unity, Faith, Discipline” means:

1- We must be united.2- We must have faith in God and in our people.3- We must be disciplined.

ii. What did the Quaid say in an interview to Beverley Nicholas?Ans: In an interview to Beverley Nicholas, the Quaid said, “Islam is not only a religious doctrine but a realistic code

of conduct in life.

iii. What did he say while addressing a Muslim League Convention?Ans: Addressing a Muslim League Convention, he said, “We are not fighting for theocracy. In addition to religion,

we want better social and economic life.

iv. How can we make Pakistan great?Ans: We can make Pakistan great only if we work hard and forget provincial differences.

v. What is the role of the students in the progress of our country?Ans: The role of the students in the progress of our country is very important. The progress of the country depends

upon their hard work, discipline and character with a solid background.

vi. What advice did the Quaid give to the Muslim Students Federation?Ans: The advised the students of Muslim Students Federation to change their approach to political and economic

problems because they were free then.

vii. Give a sketch of Quaid-e-Azam’s character.Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam was a great leader. He was intelligent, bold, sincere, honest and above all hardworking. He

was resolute and completed his job even though he was weak and old.



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Summaries of the Poems – 10 th Class

1- Blessings of God

This beautiful poem has been written in the praise of God. The poet describes the beautiful objects of nature.

He says that God is the creator of this world. He has created all beautiful things. He has created all great and small

creatures. He has made little flowers with shining colours, mountains with red peaks, and flowing rivers. The sunset

and the sunrise spread beautiful colours in the sky. The cold wind in winter and the pleasant sun in summer have been

made by God. The fruit in the gardens has been ripened for us by Him. The tall trees, green meadows and grassy plants

are the blessings of God. Above all, God has given us eyes to see all things. He has given us lips to praise God and be

thankful to Him for His blessings.

2- A Nation’s Strength

In this poem the poet talks of the great men of a nation. He says that the real strength of a nation does not lie in

its material sources. The brave, faithful and hardworking men are its real strength. They face the difficulties boldly for

their nation’s sake. They work throughout their life. They do not sit idle. These are the people who make the

foundations of their nation strong. They exalt their nation to the heights of glory. It is due to their struggles that the

nation acquires a place of dignity in the world. They are really the pride of the nation.

3- The Character of a Happy Life

This is a thought provoking poem by Henry Wotton. This poem deals with the main features of life and

personality of a happy man. He is the master of his own will. He is always truthful and honest. He is never affected by

his passions. He does not long for public fame. He does not care for the people who talk against him. He is not jealous

of others at all. He always follows the right path. He never cheats any one. He feels happy to help the poor and the

needy. He always prays to God in every situation. He does not care about rise or fall. He is really the master of his own

life. He is always contented with his life. That is why, he is always happy.

4- A Fragment

This poem has been written by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. This poem is about the benefits of early rising.

He advises us to get up early in the morning. In the morning, the angels of mercy and favour knock at our door. If we

do not pay any attention to them, they hurriedly move to the next door and leave us. Then they do not take care of us.

The poet also points out the harms of late rising. Even a player loses his strength if he rises late. A late riser

farmer cannot maintain the fertility of his land. In this way, his farms grow nothing but only weeds.



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5- A Little Word

This poem has very important lesson for us. It gives us a moral advice. We should take special care of using

even the little words in our daily life. These our little words and actions have deep effects on others. So we should be

very careful about the choice of our words. A kind word or action can heal the broken hearts of others. Harsh words

can injure the feelings of others. A kind word can support others in the darkest hours of their life. We should always

think before we speak. Our kind words can bring smile on other people’s faces. So we should not ignore our little

words and actions. They leave deep impression upon others.

6- My Mother

This poem has been written by Anne Taylor. In this poem, she expresses her love for her mother. She says that

her mother took much care of her. When she was a child, she loved her very much. It was her mother who taught her

how to talk and walk. Whenever the poetess fell ill, her mother never took rest. She sat beside her cradle. Her mother

passed restless nights with her during her illness. In the childhood, her mother told her interesting stories. She took

care of her dress. Her mother always tried to keep the poetess tidy. The poetess says that she will always remember the

love and kindness of her mother. She will be kind and affectionate to her mother. She says that when her mother will

get old, she will look after her. She will comfort and support her mother with her young and strong arms. She will try

to lessen her mother’s pains in her old age.

Sentences Of Words Class X.

Lesson#3, The Difference between a brain and a Computer.

Words Meanings SentencesSize حجم The size of this pen is very small.Complicated پیچیدہ I cannot solve this complicated Problem.Device اQلہ Mobile Phone is a tiny device.Program پروگرام I have no program to go to Karachi.Compose مرتب کرنا She has composed this beautiful poem.

Lesson#6, Transport

Words Meanings SentencesConveyance سواری۔ ٹرانسپورٹ We need public conveyance to go to City.Efficient قابل He is very efficient worker.Invention ایجاد Mobile Phone is a great invention.Environment ماحول Our environment should be clean.Development ترقی The development of business depends upon hard work.



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Lesson#7, Human Rights and Medina Charter.

Words Meanings SentencesEnmity دqشمنی There is enmity between Pakistan India.Justice انصاف Treat everyone with justice.Discrimination امتیاز۔ فرق Treat everyone without discrimination.Rights حقوق Men and women have equal rights.Dispute جھگڑا There is no dispute between us.Stress زور دینا۔ پر اصرار

کرناOur holy prophet stressed on being honest.

Prejudice تعصب Do not have prejudice against anyone.Progress ترقی We should work hard for the progress of Pakistan.

Lesson#9, A Father’s Advice.

Words Meaning SentencesDurable پاءیدار These shoes are durable.Oppress دبانا Do not oppress others.Abstain بچنا۔ پرہیز کرنا Abstain from smoking.Vanity غرور I dislike vanity.Conceit تکب�ر He is full of conceit.Exert لگانا۔استعمال کرنا Exert yourself to earn an honest living.Moderate میانہ رو Be moderate in your life.Contented مطعن ہونا۔ قناعت

پسندHe is contented with his lot.

Entrust حوالے کرنا He entrusted his work to me.

Lesson#10, Hazrat Ali’s Humanism.

Words Meanings SentencesKind-hearted مہربان Sir Akif is a kindhearted teacher.Humble عاجز Ali is a very humble person.Contented قنا عت پسند Hazrat Ali led a contented life.Sorrows غم۔ دq کھ We should share the sorrows of others.Survive برداشت کرنا۔ زندہ

رہنا۔She could not survive her misfortunes and died.

Attend حا ضر ہونا۔ We should attend the class regularly.Object اعترا ض کرنا I do not object to your actions.Refuse انکار کرنا He refused to help me.Avail فاءیدہ اqٹھانا Avail this opportunity.



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Lesson#11, The Handicrafts of Pakistan.

Words Meanings Sentences.Exhibit نما ءش کرلگانا Handicrafts are exhibited in Lok Melas.Source ذریعہ What is your source of income?Livelihood روزی We should try to earn honest livelihood.Access رساءی I have no access to the nazim.Specialize ماہر ہونا، مہارت

حاصل کرناAli specializes in pottery.

Utilize فاءدہ کے طور پراستعمال کرنا

We should utilize the time.

Acquire حا صل کرنا She has acquired the proper skill.Manage چلنا۔ بندوبست

کرناHe manages a small business.

Despite کے باوجود He went there despite my warnings.Handicrafts دستکاریاں Handicrafts are displayed in Lok Melas.Traditions روایات We follow the Islamic traditions.

Lesson#12, The Menace of Drugs.

Words Meanings Sentences.Free of cost فری، مفت This pen is free of cost.Bright students ذہین طالب� علم Bright students are always successful.In spite of کے پا و جود He went therein spite of my warnings.Sometimes بعض اوقات Sometimes he helps me in my work.Neither-nor Neither he nor I went there.

Lesson#15, Traffic Education

Words Meanings Sentences.Zigzag بل کھا تے ہوءے The taxi driver went zigzagging.Slow down اQہستہ کرنا Please slow down your speed.Instruct ہدایت دینا Our teacher instructs us about the dangers of cramming.Hurriedly جلد ی سے She went to me hurriedly.Pedestrian پیدل چلنے وال The pedestrians should walk on the road with care.Imitate نقل کرنا The monkeys imitate us.Emphasize زور دینا، تاکید کرنا Our teacher emphasizes hard work.Pavement راہداری، فqٹ پاٹھ The pedestrians should use pavement.vehicle گاڑی I have no vehicle.

Lesson#17, A Fragment.

Words Meanings Sentences.Awake جاگنا She awakes early in the morning.Wait انتظار کرنا I am waiting for you.Departed روانہ ہونا He departed by 4:30pm flight.



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Strength قوت An early riser gains strength.Produce پیدا کرنا Hard work produces good results.

Lesson#19, Two Wedding Ceremonies.

Words Meanings Sentences.Illuminated منور کرن۔ روشن

کرناThe mosque was illuminated with lights.

Extending اQگے کو بڑھے ہوءے

The extending trees in a row look beautiful.

Inquired دریا فت کرنا He inquired about the latest news.Compose لکھنا He composed a beautiful poem.Convinced قاءل کرنا I am convinced of your honesty.Display نمایا ں کرنا The students are displaying charts on the wall.Dowry جہیز Dowry is a curse.Consent مرضی، رضا

مندیI cannot go there without my father’s consent.

Bliss خوشی، رحمت Dispute destroys the bliss of marriage.Ailing بیمار We should take care of the ailing person.Hard and fast طے شqدہ There is no hard and fast rule for making tea.By and large مختصرا¤ By and large his work is good.Ups and downs اqتار چڑھاءو There are many ups and downs in life.Move Heaven and earth

پqوری کوشش کرنا She moved heaven and earth to pass the examination.

Black and white لکھ کر Please reply me in black and white.

Direct & Indirect

(1) (1)

He says to me, “My father is a landlord.” He says to me that his father is a landlord.

She says, “The sun rises in the east?” She says that the sun rises in the east.

She was saying, “I was sitting beside them.” She was saying that she was sitting beside them.

They will say, “We are going to Mecca.” They will say that they are going to Mecca.

They say to me, “We cannot help him.” They say to me that they cannot help him.

She says, “I am ill.” She says that she is ill.

(2) (2)

We said, “We play a match daily.” We said that we played a match daily.

She said, “I am doing my work.” She said that she was doing her work.

They said, “We have bought a house in Muree.” They said that they had bought a house in Muree.

I said to them, “You have been living in that house I said to them that they had been living in that house since



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since 1996.” 1996.

He said, “I wrote a letter to my uncle.” He said that he had written a letter to his uncle.

She said to us, “I was doing my work when my brother entered the room.”

She said to us that she had been doing her work when her brother had entered the room.

I said to him, “You had made mistake before I broke in.”

I said to him that he had made mistake before I had broken in.

She said to me, “We had been paying the rent for twenty years.”

She said to me that they had been paying the rent for twenty years.

They said to us, “You will not help us.” They said to us that we would not help them.

She said to them, “Amina will be learning the lesson.” She said to them that Amina would be learning the lesson.

You said to him, “They will have left Lahore bag and baggage.”

You said to him that they would have left Lahore bag and baggage.

She said to me, “They will have been waiting for us for a couple of hours.”

She said to me that they would have been waiting for them for a couple of hours.

He said to his father, “He can do his work very well.” He said to his father that he could do his work very well.

She said to her brother, “It may rain today.” She said to her brother that it might rain that day.

She said, “The earth moves round its axis.” She said that the earth moves round its axis.

You said to me, “Two and two make four.” You said to me that two and two make four.

I said to him, “Water keeps its level.” I said to him that water keeps its level.

You said to me, “History repeats itself.” You said to me that history repeats itself.

The teacher said, “Man is mortal.” That teacher said that man is mortal.

He said to me, “A woman’s voice is softer than man’s.”

He said to me that a woman’s voice is softer that man’s.

(3) (3)

The lion said to the fox, “Many animals come here everyday.”

The lion said to the fox that many animals came there everyday.

He said, “It will rain today.” He said that it would rain that day.

He said to me, “No, you are not at fault.” He said to me that I was not at fault.

They said, “Good night, my friends.” They said good night to their friends.

She said to me, “Well, you may go now.” She said to me that I might go then.

“Good bye”, said he, as he shut the door. He said good bye as he shut the door.

“Good morning, sir,” Said the stranger to me. The stranger said good morning to me.



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“Well, sir,” said I to the doctor, “I shall see you again tomorrow.”

I said to the doctor respectfully that I would see him again the next day.

Father said to us, “All right, I allow you to go to the pictures today.”

Father said to us that he allowed us to go to the pictures that day.

He said to them, “Good-bye! My friends, we’ll meet tomorrow.”

He said goodbye to his friends saying they would meet the next day.

You said to her, “Well, madam, I shall leave this book here on your table today.”

You said to her respectfully that you would leave that book there on her table that day.

She said to him, “Well, sir, my brother has not come to school today, because he is suffering from fever.”

She said to him respectfully that her brother had not come to school that day, because he was suffering from fever.

“My son”, said she, “Union is strength.” She said to his son that union is strength.

She said to me, “Every cock fights best on its own dung-hill.”

She said to me that every cock fights best on its own dung-hill.

(4) (4)

The manager said to the peon, “Get out of my office.” The manager said to the peon to get out of his office.

I said to him, “Do not betray your friends.” I said to him not to betray his friends. Or

I forbade him to betray his friends.

She said to us, “keep quiet over here.” She said to us to keep quiet over there.

The teacher said to the student, “Do not tell a lie.” The teacher forbade the students to tell a lie.

He said to his teacher, “Sir, kindly excuse me now.” He said to his teacher respectfully to excuse him then.

(5) (5)

I said to him, “Do you speak the truth?” I said to him if he spoke the truth.

He said to me, “Are you going to school now?” He said to me if I was going to school then.

He said to me, “who will be visiting my factory tomorrow?”

He said to me who would be visiting his factory the next day.

She said to me, “Which books did you buy from the bazaar?”

She said to me which books I had bought from the bazaar.

He said to me, “Will you go to cinema tonight?” He said to me if I would go to cinema that night.

She said to him, “Did you lose your pen here?” She said to him if he had lost his pen there.

He said to me, “Why did you refuse to take these ladies to the railway station?”

He said to me why I had refused to take those ladies to the railway station.

She said to us, “Where were you going yesterday?” She said to us where we had been going the previous day.



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Said the doctor to me, “Why did you not take this medicine yesterday?”

The doctor said to me why I had not taken that medicine the previous day.

(6) (6)

The old man said, “Hurrah, My brother stood first in England.”

They old man exclaimed with joy that his brother had stood first in England.

“Aha! We are going to Mecca tomorrow to perform the Hajj.” Said they.

The exclaimed with joy that they were going to Mecca the next day to perform the Hajj.

She said, “How sweetly these birds sing!” She exclaimed with wonder that those birds sang very sweetly.

She said, “Alas! I have lost my purse” She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her purse.

We said, “What a great man our leader was!” We exclaimed with wonder that our leader had been a very great man.

They said, “Alas! We have not been able to win this prize.”

They exclaimed with sorrow that they had not been able to win that prize.

(7) (7)

They said, “May God save us from the hands of these cruel moneylenders.”

They prayed that God might save us from the hands of those cruel moneylenders.

He said, “Would that I were the only son of very rich man.”

He wished that he had been the only son of very rich man.

She said, “May the rain stop before sunrise.” She prayed that the rain might stop before sunrise.

“May God bless you with a son.” Said the old woman to Perveen.

The old woman said to Perveen that God might bless her with a son.

They said, “Would that we had attended the funeral of that saint.”

They wished that they had attended the funeral of that saint.

Paragraphs

1- My School

I read in Govt. High School 203/RB Manawala Faisalabad. It is situated on the Lahore road. The building of my school

is very grand and beautiful. It attracts the attention of the onlookers. There is a beautiful grassy lawn amidst the school

building. At the north of the grassy lawn, a double story building stands with majesty and grace. On its west, there is

Science Room, a Dispensary and eight class rooms for 9th and 10th classes. The Headmaster’s Office, the Clerk’s office

and the staff room for the teachers lie in the west of the main entrance. The main entrance of the School is worth

seeing. It looks like an entrance of a great institution of higher rank. On entering the school, one is stunned to see the

grace and beauty of the building as well the flowery lawn located in the centre of the school building. My school has

always shown a good result. All the teachers are highly educated and learned persons. They teach the students with



15

love and devotion. They never miss their period. All the students are neat and clean. They always add to the beauty of

the school due to their neat and clean uniform.

2- Girl Guides

Girl Guide Movement was started by Lord Baden Powel and his sister Lady Agnes in 1910. The main purpose

of this movement is to make the school-going girls aware of their duties. It develops in them a sense of good

citizenship. It helps them to acquire the power of observation and of judgement and makes them self-reliant. It creates

in them faithfulness for others. The Girl Guides hold rallies and thus sometimes in camps away from home. There they

meet guides from different parts of the country. Sometimes they come into contact with the Guides coming from

foreign countries. In this way they have a chance to understand the people of various countries. This creates the feeling

of unity, discipline and sacrifice for the common good. The Guides do a lot of useful work in times of emergency and

war. They donate blood to the injured and the patients. Thus they shape their moral and social character. They are the

useful member of the society.

3- A Visit to a Museum

Museum is a place where rare and old things are kept. There is a big museum in Lahore. Last Monday, I went

to see the Museum with my brother. It is situated in front of the Hall on the Mall. We bought tickets at the gate and

went in. it is a spacious building and has several big halls. Each hall has curious things. In one big hall we saw pictures

of the past kings of India. They were drawn by the artists of the past. In another hall, we saw the arms and weapons

which were used in the battle field in the time of Mughals. We also saw samples of dresses and uniform, worn by

soldiers, generals and kings in the time of war. In another hall, we saw statues of Buddha. We also saw a model of Taj

Mahal. We spent much time in seeing statues, ornaments and other things dug out from Taxla. We also saw Biological

Section. There were dead snakes, birds, insects and beasts. They were stuffed with cotton and looked like living one.

These things added to our knowledge. Then we came back home tired but happy.

4- A Visit to Hospital

Last Sunday, I went to the hospital to see one of my close friends. He was injured in an accident and was

admitted to hospital. There was a great rush of visitors during the visiting hours. The condition of the patients in the

General Ward was very miserable. Some of the patients were crying with pain. Some were lying in their beds

unconscious. They were being attended on properly. The nurses on duty were very polite and active. They were

moving from bed to bed to look after the patients. They were helping the patients in taking their medicines when and

where necessary. The condition of the patients in the Emergency Ward was also very pitiable. Seriously ill and injured

patients were being carried to this ward. I stayed there for some time. I saw for the first time a tragic and real aspect of

life. Everybody, in the hospital, was repenting his sins and praying to Allah Almighty to have mercy on him. The

condition of my friend was out of danger. He was recovering rapidly. I returned home with sad mood. The miserable



16

scenes and sights of the suffering of the patients are still in my mind. I always pray for the restoration of the health of

all the patients. The visit to hospital taught me the lesson of humility which I could not have understood otherwise.

5- Fashions

This is an age of fashions. It has become common in our society. The attraction of fashion is very strong in our

cities. New generation runs after fashion blindly. Everyone wants to be smart and up to date. Women get crazy in

following the current fashions. Radio, T.V. and newspapers become are a major source of fashions. Especially the

advertisements capture the attention of the youngsters. They affect even the middle and lower class of the people.

Today fashions are not a matter of money or wealth. The middle class youngsters equally follow the fashions. They are

not less interested than the rich. Now all are victim of fashion. The garments and cosmetic industry, and their attractive

advertisements play an important role in the spread of fashion. In this way a lot of money is wasted on fashions.

Modern wears, powders, perfumes, fabrics, footwear, furniture, fast food and thrilling video films have become

popular fashions. Fashion spreads very quickly. But being Muslims, we should be moderate. We should not adopt

fashions blindly. Our religion teaches us to lead a simple and clean life. Our women should not forget Parda while

following the fashions. We should follow the teachings of Islam. We can adopt fashions within the limits of Islam.

Then our life will be easy and contented.

6- A River in Flood

Last year it rained heavily on the mountains. The level of water rose very high in the lake of Mangla Dam. In

order to save the dam, the gates of the dam were opened. This caused a great flood in the river Ravi. The water began

to flow over the river banks. All the towns and villages badly affected by the flood water. The flow of the water on

plain areas was very fast. It rushed forcefully onwards. Nothing could stand on its way. It pulled down many houses. It

also destroyed crops. Many men, women, children and animals were swept away. Every body was terrified. The people

were trying to save them as well as their animals. Some people took refuge on the second storeys of the houses. Many

men, women, children and animals lost their lives in the flood. We saw dead bodies of the cattle floating in the water.

Rescue teams reached there to save the people. Relief Camps were also set up. Medical aid was given to the sufferers.

It was a very horrible incident.

7- A Dream

Every body in this world have dreams at night. Dreams are pleasant as well unpleasant. Whenever I enjoy

sound sleep, I often have some dream. But last night I had a horrible dream. It was a nightmare. I found myself in a

garden. There were beautiful flowers of different colours. A strong wind was blowing. I plucked a few flowers. All of

a sudden, I saw a black long snake. I got nervous. The flowers fell from my hands. The drops of sweat appeared on my

forehead. The snake turned to me and tried to bite me. I ran towards my home. On the way there was a room. Its door

was wide open. The snake was running after me. I entered the room and shut the door. Then I saw the snake crawling



17

down the ventilators into the room. I gave a loud shriek in fear. I woke up. I thanked God that it was a dream. I tried to

sleep but I could not. I recited the Ayat-ul-Kursi. Then I felt peace. I cannot forget this horrible dream.

8- An Industrial Exhibition

An exhibition is a public show of art. An industrial exhibition was held in Hockey stadium Faisalabad. I went

to see the exhibition with my friends. We bought tickets and entered the stadium. Many stalls were set up there.

Thousands of industrial goods were displayed there. There were textile and electrical products. Many stalls had

agricultural products, crockery and embroidered clothes. Stalls of cosmetics, toys, and shoes were very attractive.

There was a great rush of people at the food stalls. The children were enjoying the merry-go-round and magic shows.

We bought a beautiful camera, a blanket and a computer. It was a very useful exhibition. We enjoyed it very much.

9- My Neighbour

Good neighbours are a blessing of God. I live in a colony. The people who live here are educated. We can

choose our friends but cannot choose our neighbours. We have to live with them whether we like them or not.

Fortunately my next door neighbour is a very gentleman. His name is Ali. He is a doctor. He is very respectful to his

elders. He is very sincere friend. He is very kind to his patients. He gives free medicine to the poor. He helps everyone

in the locality selflessly. His wife is also a very sociable lady. They have two sons and a daughter. They are very

lovely. Mr. Ali is very popular with the other people of the colony. All the young and the old respect him. We often

enjoy his company. We also invite him to our functions. He shares our sorrows. He is very rich but he is not proud. He

always advises me to work hard. I like him very much.

10-A Meena Bazaar

A meena bazaar is a very interesting and colourful function. It is held every year in our school. The

headmistress, the staff and the pupils work together in this function. A few days ago, a meena bazaar was held in our

school. It was held to collect money for the Red Crescent Society. The whole show was managed by us under the

supervision of our teachers. The girls of class Ten had prepared chaat, pakoras, kababs and other kinds of refreshment.

They set up their stalls and sold these things to the visitors who were all women. Fruit chaat, shami kababs and

chicken-sticks were in great demand. Our teachers too had their own stalls where they sold bangles, handkerchiefs,

hair pins and many other things. It was a great fun. The girl customers tried little tricks with the stall-holders. The stall

holders kept an eye on the naughty customers. All the things were sold out in a short time. There was a very interesting

variety show in the afternoon. One of our teachers juggled with seven balls without dropping a single one. Four small

girls presented a play which was liked by all the visitors. In the end our headmistress thanked the visitors and

distributed the prizes among participants. Everybody came back home happy.



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11-A Road Accident

One day I was travelling from Faisalabad to Lahore. As our bus reached Shahkot, I saw a crowd of people.

The driver stopped the bus. All the passengers got down the bus. Actually a car had run into a bus. The driver of the

bus tried to avoid the accident but he could not control the bus. The bus turned turtle. The young persons were busy in

dragging out the passengers. Four persons were found dead. Some had received serious injuries. The car driver was

also very seriously injured. The dead and the injured were rushed to the nearest hospital. There was blood everywhere

on the road. The condition of some of the injured was very bad. The doctors and nurses attended them at once. They

dressed their wounds and gave them medicines. They tried their best to save the lives of the seriously injured persons.

The police arrived at the spot. A police officer recorded the statements of the persons present at the spot. The sight of

the accident was very horrible. May God save us from such incidents.

12-A Fortune Teller

A fortune teller tells the people about their fortune. He is often found in big cities of Pakistan. He is often seen

sitting on a footpath. He has some books, card in a basket, a pencil and a few sheets of paper. He pretends to be a great

scholar of astronomy and know everything about the movement of stars. He cheats the simple people. Villagers,

illiterate men and women and poor people are his victims. They come to him to find out the causes of their problems

and their possible solutions. The fortune teller is a very clever and talkative person. In fact, he is a great psychologist.

He guesses the problems of the people and gives them some hopeful solutions. A fortune teller is a big fraud. He

examines the lines on the palm of the person. He tells him many things about his luck. He tells lies shamelessly. He

shakes the people’s faith in God. He satisfies his customers with his calculations. He fleeces the people. The people

should be too educated to fall a victim of the fortune tellers.

13-Basant

Basant has become a very popular festival of our country. It is celebrated in Spring Season. It is also the part

of Jashn-e-Baharan. The people of big cities celebrate it with great joy. The people of Lahore are especially interested

in it. Kite-flying is their favourite hobby. This event is full of pleasure for them. It is the major event of Basant. The

young and the old all like to fly kites. The young boys and girls go on to the roofs of their houses. The people also

gather in the playgrounds and lawns on the day of Basant. Loud speakers and some musical instruments are also used

to express the joy. The people try to cut the thread of the kite of one another with the sharp cord of their kites. If a kite

is cut off its cord, there are shouts of “Bo-kata”. At night flood lights are used to make festival more attractive. The

cut-away kite is followed by many boys to catch it. They try to catch it even at the risk of their life. Kite-flying is a

very dangerous hobby. Many kite fliers fall down from the roofs of their houses. Some of them lose their loves. It is

only the wastage of money, time and lives. It is useless activity. It must be banned by the government.

14-A Picnic



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Last week the Headmaster of our school decided to take our class to Jallo Park for a picnic. All the students

were taken there by bus. We reached in the park at 8.30 am. The scene at Jallo looked like a big fair. We selected a

place near the Jallo Lake and spread a big carpet there. We placed our lunch boxes there and went around the park in

groups. We enjoyed the swings in the park and swimming in the lake. The students entertained us with tit-bits and

jokes. At 12.30 pm we assembled and sat on the carpet for lunch. After this we took some rest and again dispersed to

enjoy ourselves. Some students were enjoying songs on their cell phones. Others were making photos with their

cameras. At about 4.00 pm we again gathered at the appointed place. Now were served with light refreshments. The

time passed quickly. The sun was about to set now. We started for our home journey. It was a memorable picnic. We

cannot forget its pleasures.

15- A Street Quarrel

One day I was coming back from my school. As I was passing through the street, I saw a large number of

people gathered there. There was a great noise. Some gentlemen and ladies seemed excited. The women were abusing

each other from behind the doors. The men seemed in high temper. One of the men was in high rage and wanted to

beat the opponent woman, but the other men standing in the street tried to hold him. Meanwhile a woman struck him

with a rod from behind. In response to it, the women from the other side attacked this woman. They were dragging her

into the street. They grasped her hair and pulled her hair with force. The other women in the street rushed to them and

freed the women from their clutches. At this a man from the opposite side got forward and was about to hit the attacker

women, but the people standing there seized him. The people pacified both the parties. Thus the dispute came to an

end. These kinds of dispute often occur due to illiteracy and impatience

.16- A visit to Historical Place

We paid a visit to the Tomb of Jahangir one day. A wonderful scene met our eyes as we entered the main gate.

A majestic marble building stood in the middle of a vast well-kept garden. In it there were rows of Cyprus trees and

beautiful flower-beds. Fountains played in a tank as well as in the one-foot deep and four-foot wide canals running

between the foot-paths. We walked about for some time and then we entered the marble building to have a look at the

grave of the great Mughal Emperor, Jahangir. We prayed for him, before we came out. At every corner of this building

stands a beautiful minaret. We went up one of these. We were surprised to see only three minarets of the Badshahi

Mosque. We came down after a few minutes and returned home full of great praise for the wonderful skill of the

Mughal engineers of the past.

17- A Visit to Zoo

My cousin and I went to the zoo yesterday. We saw a fountain playing in front of the main gate. We joined the

crowd of visitors in going round the cages of stags, rabbits, pigeons, parrots and sparrows. Then we saw monkeys and

baboons. We threw some grams into their cages, and they ate these with great joy. The children were making faces at



20

them. The monkeys were jumping from one place to another. The people were making mischief with them. We did not

like to see wolves, jackals, bears and foxes. So we went over to the other side to have a look at an elephant. Not far

from there, we saw it playing with grass. There were peacocks of different colours. We saw the graceful zebras with

black stripes. Then we went further to see lions, tigers and leopards. We had yet to see ducks and cranes, when we

heard the bell. So we left the zoo and returned home.

18- Allama Iqbal

Allama Iqbal is my favourite author and poet. He was one of the greatest thinkers of his age. He was born at

Sialkot in 1870. He completed his study of the Holy Quran in his boyhood. He was a good student. His professor of

Persian and Urdu in the Murray College Sialkot, Sayyed Mir Hassan greatly helped him develop his talent. He got his

M.A. from the Government College, Lahore. He went to Europe for higher studies and returned home as a barrister. He

gained great reputation as a poet with message for the Muslims. He awakened the Muslims of the subcontinent from

the deep sleep of nothingness. He made the Muslims active by his verses. All the Muslims of the world get inspiration

from his poetry. He gave the idea of Pakistan in 1930. The Quaid-i-Azam turned his dream into reality. He passed

away in Lahore on the 21st of April, 1938. He was buried near the stairs of the Badshahi Mosque Lahore.

19- The Teacher I like The Most (The Best)

Abdullah sb. is my best teacher. I like him most of the other teachers. He is M.A. English, B.Ed. He is tall and

healthy. He wears neat and clean dress. He says his prayers five times a day. He is a true religious person. He is very

punctual and regular. He teaches us English. He is very hard working. He teaches us with love and care. He never

misses his period. He is a perfect gentleman. He reaches school ten minutes before the bell goes. He has great

knowledge of English grammar and his method of teaching is simple but very good. We learn very easily what he

teaches us. He discusses our common mistakes in the class room. Sometimes he punishes the work-shirkers and

naughty boys. But there is always lesson in his punishment. He takes keen and personal interest in the welfare of the

students. He is very kind and sympathetic. May he live long! Amen!

20- A House on Fire

I was getting ready to go to bed last night. All of a sudden I heard a great noise. I came out into the street in

hot haste. There was a lot of rush of people there in the street. The people were crying rescue. I was surprised to see

clouds of smoke rising from the house of a friend of mine. I rang up the fire-brigade at once. It arrived there without

any loss of time. Some of its members started throwing water over the house with a hose-pipe. Other put up a ladder

against a wall to go up. They brought down the inmates of the house one by one. They also brought down as many

trunks and suit-cases, boxes and other things as they could. Mean while the fire was brought under control. It could not

be controlled without the help of the people and the fire brigade. Thank God, there was no loss of life, but the damage

to property was estimated at Rs.50, 000.


10 th class notes

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