10-4 atb what is biochemistry? today: go over your chemistry intro. tests turn in your...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
10-4 ATB
What is biochemistry? Today:
Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report
Being biochemistry
![Page 2: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
10-5 ATB
What is a macromolecule? Today:
Pre-quiz on biochemistry Discuss macromolecules
Test Averages: Period 5 – 82% Period 6 – 84%
![Page 3: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is a monomer?
A. Small part of a larger molecule
B. A large molecule
C. Something that makes up a lipid
D. It is the same as a polymer
![Page 4: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is a carbohydrate?
A. Molecule used for long term energy storage
B. A polymer made up of sugars
C. A molecule used to build muscles
D. A molecule that forms our DNA
![Page 5: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
We could expect an organic compound to always have…
A. Nitrogen
B. Chlorine
C. Oxygen
D. Carbon
![Page 6: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Lipids are…
A. A macromolecule used for energy storage
B. Used for short term energy
C. Used for structure in organisms
D. Found in proteins
![Page 7: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Proteins…
A. Important for energy use
B. Make up many enzymes and tissues
C. are the same things as lipids
D. Are used first for energy
![Page 8: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Today: Use the books for an intro into the biochem
unit Read book pages 51-54 Answer all but questions #4
Homework if you do not get it done
![Page 9: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Biochemistry!!!!Biochemistry!!!!
Chapter 3 Chapter 3
![Page 10: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Organic CompoundsOrganic Compounds Review –
What element is in mostorganic compounds? CARBON
How many valence electrons does carbon have? Four
What type of bonds can carbon form? Single, double or
triple bonds
![Page 11: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Organic Compounds Organic Compounds =
carbon atoms joined by covalent bonds and may include other elements
Important elements are (other than carbon) Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Sulfur Phosphorus
![Page 12: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hydrocarbons = Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen The simplest hydrocarbon is methane or CH4
Hydrocarbons can be a gas, liquid or solid
![Page 13: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Macromolecules
Monomers = Simple molecule Smaller unit of a larger molecule Able to attach to other monomers to form
polymers
Polymers = long chains of repeated molecules
Draw:
![Page 15: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
10-6 ATB
DRAW some monomers and then a polymer.
Today: Continue discussing macromolecules
(carbohydrates)
![Page 16: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Macromolecules = large-size molecules Three types of polymers are essential to life:
Proteins Nucleic acids Carbohydrates
Lipids (are not polymers, but are also essential)
![Page 17: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What does “Mono” mean? one
What does “Poly” mean? many
What does “mer” mean? parts
![Page 18: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The 4 Macromolecules we’ll discuss…
Proteins Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Lipids
![Page 20: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
Carbohydrate – Polymer composed
of C, H, and O Usually in a 1:2:1 ratio
Sugars = simple carbohydrates
Glucose = provides chemical energy for cells C6H12O6
![Page 21: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Carbohydrate Function AnimalsAnimals::
Short term energy use (stored as Short term energy use (stored as glycogen)glycogen)
Stored in liver / muscles ready for useStored in liver / muscles ready for use PlantsPlants::
Energy source stored as starch (ex: Energy source stored as starch (ex: potatoes)potatoes)
Starch = a complex carbohydrate Starch = a complex carbohydrate Cellulose – straight chains of glucose Cellulose – straight chains of glucose
used for structureused for structure
![Page 22: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Complex carbohydrates build structures and store energy
![Page 23: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Cellulose – plant structure
![Page 24: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates Monosaccharide'sMonosaccharide's
““One” “sugar”One” “sugar” Monomer of a carbohydrateMonomer of a carbohydrate
ExamplesExamples:: GlucoseGlucose Fructose (from fruits)Fructose (from fruits) Galactose (in milk)Galactose (in milk)
![Page 25: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates What are disaccharides?What are disaccharides?
Means “Two” “Sugars”Means “Two” “Sugars” two sugars join to form a new sugartwo sugars join to form a new sugar ExampleExample: Glucose + fructose = sucrose: Glucose + fructose = sucrose
![Page 26: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates What are polysaccharides?What are polysaccharides?
Means “many” “sugars”Means “many” “sugars” Carbs. Made with more than three sugarsCarbs. Made with more than three sugars
![Page 27: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Carbohydrates - GlycogenCarbohydrates - Glycogen
![Page 28: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates IsomersIsomers – –
same chemical formula, different structuresame chemical formula, different structure EX: - monosaccharide'sEX: - monosaccharide's
CC66HH1212OO66
![Page 29: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
10-7 ATB
What type of reaction links monomers into polymers?
Today: BOOK ASSIGNMENT! Read pages 45-49 Questions: 1, 2 and 3
![Page 31: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
10-10 ATB
What are the 4 macromolecules? Which one is NOT a polymer?
Today: Turn in your assignment from Friday
![Page 32: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
10-11 ATB
What is the monomer of carbohydrates? Today:
Discuss hydrolysis reactions Discuss lipids Turn in assignment from Friday ATB’s to be collected this week
Thursday?
![Page 33: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
How do polymers bond? Condensation (dehydration) reactions!!
Condensation (dehydration) reactionCondensation (dehydration) reaction - - Chemical reaction that links monomers into Chemical reaction that links monomers into
polymerspolymers Each time a monomer is added, water is Each time a monomer is added, water is
releasedreleased ExampleExample::
Glucose + fructose Glucose + fructose sucrose sucrose Take a water from the reactants Take a water from the reactants
(dehydration)(dehydration) Building monomers upBuilding monomers up
![Page 34: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Condensation Reaction
![Page 35: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Condensation ReactionCondensation Reaction Condensation reaction creating a polysaccharide Condensation reaction creating a polysaccharide
(carbohydrate)(carbohydrate)
![Page 36: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Condensation Reaction
![Page 37: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
How do they break down? HydrolysisHydrolysis
Addition of water to polymers in order to break Addition of water to polymers in order to break them down into monomersthem down into monomers
““Hydro” = waterHydro” = water ““lysis” = breaklysis” = break
Hydrolysis reactions – Putting a water back Hydrolysis reactions – Putting a water back in to break down polymersin to break down polymers
![Page 38: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Hydrolysis Reaction
SucrASE is the enzyme that breaks down sucrose
Terms with –ASE on the end typically mean it’s an enzyme
![Page 39: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Hydrolysis Reaction
![Page 40: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.yellowtang.org/images/saturated_unsaturat_c_la_784.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.yellowtang.org/chemistry.php&usg=__wmlTPiW7tJUFKKCzaJGeSZnRo0Y=&h=468&w=837&sz=63&hl=en&start=3&um=1&tbnid=hqYf4SbD63lV_M:&tbnh=81&tbnw=144&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsaturated%2Bphospholipids%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DX%26um%3D1
Under reaction types
![Page 41: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Carbs – Condensation vs. Hydrolysis
![Page 42: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
LipidsLipids LipidsLipids - -
Large Large non-polarnon-polar organic molecules organic molecules Do not dissolve in waterDo not dissolve in water
ExamplesExamples fats, oils, steroids, wax and pigmentsfats, oils, steroids, wax and pigments
FunctionFunction:: Higher number of C-H bonds than carbohydrates = Higher number of C-H bonds than carbohydrates =
more energymore energy Long term energy storageLong term energy storage Form cell membranesForm cell membranes Cushions organs, keep body warmCushions organs, keep body warm
![Page 43: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Lipids = a chemically diverse group of compounds grouped together because they don’t dissolve in water For energy, cell membranes, structural
support, and steroids
![Page 44: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
LipidsLipids Fatty acidsFatty acids - -
Make up most lipids – a variety of typesMake up most lipids – a variety of types Have different length carbon tailsHave different length carbon tails StructureStructure:: Carboxyl head and long carbon tailCarboxyl head and long carbon tail
![Page 45: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
10-12 ATB
Which reaction type builds polymers? Which breaks them down?
Today: Video – importance of carbon Crackers Worksheet --- continue working Finish discussing lipids
![Page 46: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Salivary amylase An enzyme that catalyses the
breakdown of starch into sugars
Which type of reaction is this? condensation
Amylase acts on starch to produce maltose (a disaccharide) - this is further broken down in the small intestine by maltase to give 2 glucose monomers
![Page 47: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
10-13 ATB
What does the enzyme salivary amylase do?
Today: Finish describing lipids Describe nucleic acids Review for the quiz tomorrow QUIZ TOMORROW – 14 multiple choice. ATB’s DUE TOMORROW!!!!!!!!!
![Page 48: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Polar vs Nonpolar side
Carbon chain = “TAIL” = non-polar = hydrophobicCarbon chain = “TAIL” = non-polar = hydrophobic
Carboxyl group = “HEAD” = polar = hydrophilicCarboxyl group = “HEAD” = polar = hydrophilic
![Page 49: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
LipidsLipids Phospholipids
Fatty acids that compose most cell membranes Have a phosphate attached to glycerol Two fatty acid “tails” and a phosphate “head” Tail is hydrophobic and head is hydrophilic
![Page 50: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Lipids So if we mixed
phospholipids with water, how would theyarrange?
![Page 52: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Lipids Triglyceride -
How most fats exist in body and in food
One molecule of glycerol and three chains of fatty acids (carbon chains)
![Page 53: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Lipids - Saturated vs. unsaturated fatty Lipids - Saturated vs. unsaturated fatty acidsacids
Saturated Fatty AcidsSaturated Fatty Acids - - Usually SOLID at room tempUsually SOLID at room temp Single bonds creates straight Single bonds creates straight
chains = chains = less room around eachless room around eachacid makes them solidacid makes them solid
Found inFound in: Butter, red meat: Butter, red meat The bad fats – you don’t really needThe bad fats – you don’t really need
them (artery cloggers)them (artery cloggers)
![Page 54: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Lipids - Saturated vs. unsaturated Lipids - Saturated vs. unsaturated fatty acidsfatty acids
Unsaturated Fatty AcidsUnsaturated Fatty Acids – – Usually LIQUID at room tempUsually LIQUID at room temp Double bonds creates Double bonds creates
kinked chains = kinked chains = more roommore roomto “flow” – usually liquidsto “flow” – usually liquids
Found in plant oils (vegetable oilFound in plant oils (vegetable oiletc.)etc.)
These are the good fats – These are the good fats – better for yourbetter for yourhealthhealth
![Page 55: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Lipids
![Page 57: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
WaxWax WaterproofWaterproof Protective layer inProtective layer in
plants and animals plants and animals Ear waxEar wax
LipidsLipids
![Page 59: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
LipidsLipids SteroidSteroid
Compose many hormonesCompose many hormones Made of four fused ringsMade of four fused rings TestosteroneTestosterone EstrogenEstrogen CholesterolCholesterol
![Page 60: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Lipids
Phospholipid molecule http://my.hrw.com/sh/hm2/0030724872/st
udent/ch03/sec03/qc13/hm203_03_q13fs.htm
Lipid bylayer http://my.hrw.com/sh/hm2/0030724872/st
udent/ch03/sec03/qc14/hm203_03_q14fs.htm
![Page 61: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
REVIEW: write answers somewhere…1. What is a monomer?2. What are the three monosaccharides?3. What is a macromolecule?4. What is a “poly” mean?5. What is the function of carbohydrates in plants?
In animals?6. What are two functions of lipids?7. What is the main function of proteins?8. What is the monomer of carbohydrates?9. What does “disaccharide” mean?10.What is the function of a condensation reaction?11. If glucose and fructose are going to bond, what
would be the products? What type of reaction would this be?
![Page 63: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
10-14 ATB
QUIZ!!! Any questions? Turn in your ATB’s!!!
![Page 64: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Nucleic AcidNucleic Acid Nucleic acid - Nucleic acid -
Organic molecules that transfer / store important cell Organic molecules that transfer / store important cell infoinfo
What are the two nucleic acids?What are the two nucleic acids? DNA and RNADNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Directs cell activities and stores info for cellDirects cell activities and stores info for cell
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) info for protein productioninfo for protein production
![Page 65: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Monomer of nucleic acids
Nucleotide
![Page 66: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Nucleic Acid NucleotideNucleotide
Monomer of DNA and RNAMonomer of DNA and RNA Made up of phosphate, sugar and nitrogen baseMade up of phosphate, sugar and nitrogen base
![Page 67: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
A special process involving proteins Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic
Acid (RNA) carry the hereditary information of organisms Long chains of nucleotides that contain
Sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
Information in DNA is rewritten to RNA RNA directs amino acid assembly into proteins Genes = regions of DNA that code for
proteins that perform certain functions Genome = an organism’s genes
Divided into chromosomes
![Page 68: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Proteins Produce tissues, provide structural support,
store and others transport energy Animals use proteins to generate skin, hair,
muscles, and tendons Some function as components of the immune
system They can serve as enzymes, molecules that
promote certain chemical reactions
![Page 69: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
ProteinsProteins Organic compounds composed mostlyOrganic compounds composed mostly
of C, H, O and N of C, H, O and N FunctionFunction::
Many body tissuesMany body tissues Also hormones and enzymesAlso hormones and enzymes
ExamplesExamples:: hair, finger nails, blood, skin, muscles, etchair, finger nails, blood, skin, muscles, etc InsulinInsulin Human growth hormoneHuman growth hormone
![Page 70: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Biochemistry
Describe:Macromolecule -
Monomer –
Polymer -
Describe:Proteins:
Nucleic Acids:
Reaction Types:Condensation –
Hydroysis
Carbohydrates:
Lipids:
![Page 71: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
ProteinsProteins What are the building blocks of proteins?What are the building blocks of proteins? Amino acidsAmino acids
20 different AA’s – 20 different AA’s – see them 4 basic parts:4 basic parts:
Functional Group – gives AA it’sFunctional Group – gives AA it’sproperties / shapeproperties / shape
Amino Group (-NH2)Amino Group (-NH2) Carboxyl group (-COOH)Carboxyl group (-COOH) Hydrogen (H)Hydrogen (H)
Functionalgroup
Amino group Carboxyl
group
![Page 73: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Concept Mapping
You are going to create a concept map that link information about the organic macromolecules we learned about.
We’re going to start it together.
![Page 74: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Amino Acids 20 different structures 64 possible nitrogenous base combinations
Go back
![Page 75: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
ProteinsProteins What holds proteins together?What holds proteins together? Peptide bondsPeptide bonds
Covalent bond linking AA (thru. condensation rxn.)Covalent bond linking AA (thru. condensation rxn.)
Polypeptide - Polypeptide - Three or more bonded Three or more bonded
AA’sAA’s
![Page 76: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Proteins - EnzymesProteins - Enzymes Proteins also make enzymesProteins also make enzymes
These are biological catalysts These are biological catalysts SubstrateSubstrate
Reactant being changedReactant being changed Active siteActive site
Place on enzyme where reaction occursPlace on enzyme where reaction occurs
![Page 78: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Proteins - Enzymes Enzyme
http://my.hrw.com/sh/hm2/0030724872/student/ch03/sec03/qc08/hm203_03_q08fs.htm
A
![Page 79: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Proteins
![Page 80: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
We create synthetic polymers Plastics = synthetic (human-made) polymers
Best known by their brand names (Nylon, Teflon, Kevlar)
Many are derived from petroleum hydrocarbons Valuable because they resist chemical breakdown Problematic because they cause long-lasting waste
and pollution Wildlife and health problems, water quality issues,
harmful to marine animals We must design less-polluting alternatives and
increase recycling
![Page 81: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
The End
![Page 82: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
10-29 ATB
TEST TODAY Get ready to turn in your review sheets /
concept maps Put your name on the test Start on #101 on the scantron
![Page 83: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Answer the following: 1. What elements are in carbohydrates?
2. What are the three categories of carbohydrates?
3. What are the simplest carbohydrates called? 4. Identify three simple sugars. 5. What is the CHEMICAL FORMULA for any
simple sugar? 6. What are ALL monosaccharides to each other,
because they have the same chemical formula?
![Page 84: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
7. When 2 simple sugars bond together, what is the NEW PRODUCT?
8. When ANY 2 molecules join together, and water is lost in the joining, what is that called?
9. Because all monosaccharides are isomers of each other, what MUST be true about ALL DISACCHARIDES?!
![Page 85: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Extra stuffExtra stuff
![Page 86: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Functional groups - Functional groups - Attached to the carbon – influences the compounds Attached to the carbon – influences the compounds
propertiesproperties Ex: Ex:
EthanolEthanol Oh hydroxyl group – makes molecule polar Oh hydroxyl group – makes molecule polar
(hydrophilic)(hydrophilic)
![Page 87: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Glucose is stored in large macromolecule called glycogen, Glucose is stored in large macromolecule called glycogen, which is 100’s of glucose’s bonded togetherwhich is 100’s of glucose’s bonded together
Plants store glucose as polysaccharide starchPlants store glucose as polysaccharide starch Also as cellulose which helps with rigidity of plants – makes up Also as cellulose which helps with rigidity of plants – makes up
50% of wood – hard to break down / digest50% of wood – hard to break down / digest
![Page 88: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
![Page 89: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
![Page 91: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: 10-4 ATB What is biochemistry? Today: Go over your chemistry intro. Tests Turn in your Surface Tension lab report Being biochemistry](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013004/56649dff5503460f94ae8697/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
10-14 ATB All group members must be working.
You must learn the information and know your role in the presentation
By the end of the period… I need to have your printed NOTE OUTLINE
(with a few diagrams to help your classmates)
You should be done with your PowerPoint.