1 the human body: an orientation -...

1

ELAINE N. MARIEB

EIGHTH EDITION

1

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation by Jerry L. Cook, Sam Houston University

ESSENTIALSOF HUMAN

ANATOMY& PHYSIOLOGY

PART A

The Human Body: An

Orientation


The Human Body – An Orientation

� Anatomy – study of the structure and shape of

the body and its parts

� Physiology – study of how the body and its

parts work or function


Anatomy – Levels of Study

� Gross Anatomy

� Large structures

� Easily observable

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Figure 14.4

Anatomy – Levels of Study

� Microscopic Anatomy

� Very small

structures

� Can only be

viewed with

a microscope


Figure 1.1

Levels of Structural Organization


Figure 1.2a

Organ System Overview

� Integumentary

� Forms the external body

covering

� Protects deeper tissue from

injury

� Synthesizes vitamin D

� Location of cutaneous

nerve receptors

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Figure 1.2b


� Skeletal

� Protects and supports

body organs

� Provides muscle

attachment for movement

� Site of blood cell

formation

� Stores mineral


Figure 1.2c


� Muscular

� Allows locomotion

� Maintains posture

� Produces heat


Figure 1.2d


� Nervous

� Fast-acting control

system

� Responds to internal and

external change

� Activates muscles and

glands

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Figure 1.2e


� Endocrine

� Secretes regulatory

hormones

� Growth

� Reproduction

� Metabolism


Figure 1.2f


� Cardiovascular

� Transports materials in body

via blood pumped by heart

� Oxygen

� Carbon dioxide

� Nutrients

� Wastes



� Lymphatic

� Returns fluids to blood

vessels

� Disposes of debris

� Involved in immunity

Figure 1.2g

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� Respiratory

� Keeps blood supplied

with oxygen

� Removes carbon dioxide

Figure 1.2h



� Digestive

� Breaks down food

� Allows for nutrient

absorption into blood

� Eliminates indigestible

material

Figure 1.2i



� Urinary

� Eliminates nitrogenous

wastes

� Maintains acid – base

balance

� Regulates water and

electrolytes

Figure 1.2j

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� Reproductive

� Production

of offspring

Figure 1.2k

1 the human body: an orientation -...

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