1 meteorological national institute the climatological data bank of mni tunisia presented by : mr...

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Meteorological National InstituteMeteorological National Institute

The Climatological Data Bank The Climatological Data Bank of of MNI TunisiaMNI Tunisia

Presented by : Mr Brahim BCHIR

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The Climatological The Climatological Data BankData Bank

1. Introduction2.2. The organisation of climatological dataThe organisation of climatological data

2.1. Meteorological observations2.2. Climatological data storage

3. 3. The means usedThe means used3.1. Computing equipement3.2. Software and tools

4. 4. The collection and data validationThe collection and data validation4.1. Collection and digitization4.2. Data validation

5. 5. The data processingThe data processing

5.1 Calculation and loading data5.2 Statistical treatement5.3 Extraction and data backup

6. 6. The use of the CDB and climatThe use of the CDB and climate productse products

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IntroductionIntroduction

Climatology at MNI is responsible for :

- Collect recent meteorological observations

- Use the archives of time spent to prepare and provide climatological

information

- Develop climate studies

Weather elements : wind, rain, temperature, atmospheric pressure,

humidity, solar radiation and evaporation are used to define the climate of

the country.

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IntroductionIntroduction

The main activities in the field are :

- Data collection of recent weather observations

- Quality control of climate data

- Establishment of perennial climatological archives

- Provision of internal and external users at the MNI

with different raw and developed climate data

- Development of statistical elements to describe the climate

at local and regional scales

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The Organization of Climatological The Organization of Climatological DataData

National Synoptic Stations Network

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BIZERTE

TUNIS_CARTHAGEKELIBIA

NABEULZAGHOUAN

BEJA

JENDOUBA

TABARKA

LE-KEF SILIANA

KAIROUANMONASTIRMAHDIA

SIDI-BOUZID

SFAX

GABES

MEDENINE

JERBA

TATAOUINE

REMADA

EL-BORMA

GAFSA

KASSERINE

THALA

TOZEUR

KEBILI

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6

4 29

1156

158

143

66

518 443

60 212

354

21

4

116

3

216

300

258

313

707

1091

87

43

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60714

60715 60720

6072860729

60723

60725

60710

60732 60734

60735 6074060742

60748

60750

60765

60770

60769

60772

60775

60780

60745

60739

60738

60760

60764

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MNI collect, store and backup climatological data in a variety of formats information.

2.1. Meteorological observations2.1. Meteorological observations

are recorded on technical documents :

CRQCRQ26 Main Stations

40 Hourly Parameters

64 Daily Parameters

TCMTCM75 Sub-Stations

8 Parameters 3 times per day

16 Daily Parameters

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2.22.2. . The sThe storage of climate datatorage of climate data

-Reception , digitization and classification of technical documents

-Raw and developed data are managed through an Oracle RDBMS

with continous improvement actions

-Hourly and Daily observations of weather stations, most since 1950,

represent a total volume of about 30 GB is growing every day

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Metadata :Metadata :

- Catalog – meteorological parameters

- Dictionary – monitoring stations

- Location and changing sites

- Station type and measurements

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Metadata :Metadata :

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Raw data ::- 26 Synoptic Stations most since 1950 : 1050 year Station

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Raw data:Raw data:- 75 Sub-Stations most since 1950 : 3000 Year Station

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The data preparedThe data prepared::

Maturing calculated parameters :

- Daily- Daily

- 10 days- 10 days

- Monthly- Monthly

- Normal (1961-1990)- Normal (1961-1990)

- Records- Records

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Monthly Prepared dataMonthly Prepared data

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BDCLIMBDCLIM

SYNTEMPSYNTEMP

Hourly dataHourly data

HOBSHOBS

PLUIEPLUIE

PHENOPHENO

TSOLTSOL

TCMSTCMS

QPQP

Daily dataDaily data

GOUVERGOUVER

DELEGDELEG

PARAMPARAM

RESEAURESEAU

STATIONSTATION

MetadataMetadata

10 days data10 days data

DECADDECADCLIMATCLIMAT

Monthly dataMonthly data

MOBSMOBS

NormalNormalRecordsRecords

NORMALESNORMALES

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TABLETABLE Data TypeData Type NB. LIGNESNB. LIGNES

HOBS Hourly data / main stations 6 260 327

QP Daily data / main stations 417 440

SYNTEMP Recent hourly data 1 671 410

CRQTEMP Recent daily data 82 230

TCMS Daily data / substations 733 500

TSOL Ground temperature 269 092

PLUIE rainfall 46 163

PHENO Meteorological phenomena 28 733

MOBS Monthly data / main stations 13 896

MTCMS Monthly data / substations 24 562


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The means used for the management The means used for the management of BDCLIMof BDCLIM

3.13.1. . The computer equipementThe computer equipement- Data Server SUN ENTERPRISE 450, Architecture 64 Bits

- 2 Processors SUN ULTRA SPARC II à 300 Mhz

- Memory 512 MB upgradeable to 4 GB

- Disks SCSI de 72.8 GB

- Internal Backup Device DSS4 on cartridge 4 mm 24 GB

- Workstations : Micro-ordinateurs Pentium IV à 3 Ghz

- LAN

3.2. Software and computer applications3.2. Software and computer applications - Operating system Unix SUN SOLARIS 9

- Compilers : C, C++, Fortran 77, Fortran 90, Micro Focus Cobol 4.1

- RDBMS : Oracle 9i for 32 concurrent users and tools :

* Design : Oracle Designer 2000

* Development : Oracle Developer 2000

* Administration : Entreprise Manager 2000

* Programming interface: Pro*C, Pro*Fortran, Pro*Cobol

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Software and toolsSoftware and tools

PLPL/SQLSQL

SQLSQLLOADERLOADER

EXPEXPIMPIMP

DEDEVEVELOPERLOPER

REPORTREPORTDEDEVEVELOPERLOPER

FORMSFORMSSQLSQL

PLUSPLUS

PROPROC, FortranC, Fortran

CobolCobol

BDCLIMBDCLIM

Utilities

Generators Generators

aapplicationspplications

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CClimatological data acquisitionlimatological data acquisition26 Synoptic

Stations

Synop messagesSynop messages&&

Monthly filesMonthly filesMonthly filesMonthly filesDaily interrogationDaily interrogation

25 Agrometeorological stations

50 Climatological stations

6 Subdivisions6 Subdivisions

BDCLIM

DigitizationVerificationShape controlChronological control

Quality controlCorrection & validation

Quality controlCorrection & Validation

Quality ControlCorrection & Validation

RecordsRecords

Technical papers

Documents FTP

SYNOPSYNOP

Loading data into the CDB

Observations

&

Transcripts

ASCII files ASCII files

- Information

- PublicationsInternal use

Messages

ASCII filesASCII files

ASCII files

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Collection and data validationCollection and data validation

4.14.1. . Collection and digitizationCollection and digitization- External digitization of documents from 1950 to 1979- Workshop input operational since 1983- Data collection of automatic stations since 2002- Daily interrogation agrometeorological stations since 2003

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4.2. Data validation4.2. Data validation

Different types of controlDifferent types of control

- Monitoring and chronological control

- Plausibility check and internal consistency

- Space control

- Control of conformity and homogeneity

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Quality monitoring Quality monitoring

and recovery missing dataand recovery missing data

* * Statistics on errors by station and by period Statistics on errors by station and by period

* * Developed parameters (monthly average and records …)Developed parameters (monthly average and records …)

* Replenishment of erroneous or missing data* Replenishment of erroneous or missing data

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Treatment and data storageTreatment and data storage

5.1 The calculation and loading data5.1 The calculation and loading data

- Daily loading SYNOP messages of 26 main stations

- Daily loading data from 25 Agrometeorological stations

- Monthly loading files of 50 substations

- Daily and monthly treatment of various parameters

- Update on the table of records

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5.2 Statistical treatment5.2 Statistical treatment

•Parameters developed:Parameters developed: data from the statistics on the long runsdata from the statistics on the long runs

- - 10 days, monthly, yearly and thirtysomethings statistics10 days, monthly, yearly and thirtysomethings statistics

- Quantiles and monthly records , …- Quantiles and monthly records , …

- Frequencies and wind roses- Frequencies and wind roses

•Homogeneity of climatological series:Homogeneity of climatological series:- Trend series- Trend series

- Search for possible causes of heterogeneity- Search for possible causes of heterogeneity

- - Moving stationMoving station

- Change of environment- Change of environment

- Change instruments, …- Change instruments, …

Treatment and data storageTreatment and data storage

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5.3 The extraction and data bac5.3 The extraction and data backupkup

Treatement and data storageTreatement and data storage

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Treatement and data storageTreatement and data storage

Automatic messages CLIMAT

for dissemination climate data at the international level

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The use of CDB and climate productsThe use of CDB and climate products

66..11 Data visualization and reportingData visualization and reporting

- Editing real-time information from the CDB

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- Timely provision of standard climatological information

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66.2 Graphics.2 Graphics

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66.3 Statistical studies of climate.3 Statistical studies of climate

The climate cluesThe climate clues Simples :

- Average annual rainfall

- Frequency of maximum temperatures > 9 th decile- Frequency of minimum temperatures < 1 st decile

Worked out :

- Combining several meteorological elements to characterize the

climate of each region and its evolution


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910111213141516

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12.6

13.3 14.4

15.0

15.1

11.7

11.2

10.510.9

13.2

9.4 10.5

13.110.7 14.8

13.1

13.6

14.415.8

12.0

12.413.2

13.0

15.3

14.6

14.9

15.6

15.8

15.0

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14.1

14.3

12.5

9.7

9.2

10.9

15.5

15.0

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141516171819202122

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17.7

18.4 18.0

18.7

18.7

19.0

18.0

18.0

16.717.7

17.8

16.3 17.1

19.516.9 19.1

18.7

18.919.2

18.5

19.018.6

19.3

19.5

20.1

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19.9

20.1

20.7

20.9

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21.6

18.8

16.7

14.3

17.4

21.6

21.5

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19202122232425262728297 8 9 10 11 12

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23.5 21.4

22.2

22.5

22.8

24.4

24.7

22.924.8

22.4

23.1 23.7

25.923.2 23.4

24.3

23.7

23.422.6

25.0

25.724.1

25.5

23.7

25.5

26.6

24.0

24.5

26.4

26.8

27.0

28.7

25.2

23.7

19.3

24.1

27.7

28.0

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Average minimum temperature Average maximum temperature

Average temperatures

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Meteorological National Institut

Normal annual rainfall in Tunisia

NORMAL (mm)

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

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626

462 481

548

369

507

472

574

553

922

446

9491483

533 452

306402 333

375

346329

273

214234

216

212

201

183

233

239

198

107

92

49

174

303

451

316

100

107

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342006

Meteorological National Institut

Annual totals and Reports to Normal of rainfall in Tunisia

Reports to Normal

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0100200300400500600700800

689

567 589

670676

615

442

866

456 537

323 396325

264

290

418

131

295

112

111

101

165

257

359

130120

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7090110130150170190

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110

123 122

181143

107

99

91

85 119

106 11599

97

124

197

72

127

104

122

204

95

85

80

129112

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The climate cluesThe climate clues

Distribution of annual rainfall (totals compared with the normal)

Rapport à la normale de la Pluviométrieen Tunisie

0

50

100

150

200

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Années

Rapport

%

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Special studiesSpecial studies

Combine climatological data with physical and socio-economic data to meet

the needs of planners and policy makers in various fields of activities

- Agriculture

- Energy- Health- Tourism- Transportation

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Action to be takenAction to be taken

- Rescue and digitization of climate records which don’t yet exist in the CDB

Bizerte Tunis Kélibia Jendouba Kairouan Monastir Sfax Gabés Jerba Remada Gafsa Tozeur

1937 * * 19371938 * * 1938

1939 * * 19391940 1940

1941 19411942 1942

1943 * * * * * 19431944 * * * * * * * 1944

1945 * * * * 19451946 * * * * 1946

1947 * * 19471948 * * * * * * * * 1948

1949 * * * * * 19491950 * 1950

1951 * * * * * * * 19511952 * * * * * * 1952

1953 * * * * * * * 19531954 * * * * * * * * 1954

1955 * * * * * * * * 19551956 * * * * * * * * 1956

1957 * * * * * * * * 19571958 * * * * * * * * * 1958

1959 * * 19591960 * * * * * * 1960

1961 * * * * * * 19611962 * * * * * 1962

1963 * * * * * * * 19631964 * * * * * * * 1964

1965 * * * * * * * 19651966 * * * * * * * * * * 1966

1967 * * * * * * * * * 19671968 * * * * * * * * * * * * 1968

1969 * * * * * * * * * * * 1969Bizerte Tunis Kélibia Jendouba Kairouan Monastir Sfax Gabés Jerba Remada Gafsa Tozeur

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ConclusionConclusion

- Improve the delivery of meteorological observations

- Develop controls for improved data quality

- Facilitate the access of users according to their needs

- Organize the work of climatology as a production system

for quality service at the earliest opportunity

1 meteorological national institute the climatological data bank of mni tunisia presented by : mr...

Documents

backup climatological

climatological data

developed data

data processing

data backup6

data validation4

data validation5

climatological information